北京市2022-2023學年高一下學期期末英語試卷(含解析)

試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁北京市2022-2023學年高一下學期期末英語試卷學校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________一、完形填空AstheforeignEnglishteacheratmyschool,IhaveaweeklyEnglishmusicbroadcastwhereIshowcasedifferentEnglishsongs.Itrytogetthestudentstorecommendsongstomeforthebroadcast.Atthebroadcast,Iusuallyannouncewhorecommendedthesongandthen1

itforeveryonetohearduringlunchtime.Ioffereveryoneanopportunitytosharethemselvesthroughtheirmusic,includingone2studentofmine.Thisstudent3getsintofightswiththeotherstudents,doesn’tstudy,andbringsdowntheenergyoftheclass.Mostoftheotherteachersandstudentspushhimaway.Iknewthoughthathejustneededafriend,oratleastsomeonehecould4with.Icouldtellhewaswarminguptomeoverthelastyear.Itoldhimto5asonghelikesthathassomeEnglishwordsinitandIwouldplayitonthebroadcastforhim.Heeventuallyrecommendedasong.IactuallyreallylikedthesongsoIputitonthebroadcastandmadesuretoannouncehisname,soeveryoneknewthathe6andrecommendedsuchagreatsong.Needlesstosay,theboywas7,andhe’sbeenmuchhappierandfocusedinEnglishclasseversince.Whileeveryoneelsemisunderstoodhimandpushedhimaway,Isawhimrightthroughandknewthathejustneededsomeonewho8him.There’sstillalanguage9betweenus,butwordsaren’tneeded,becauseyoucanalwayssensewhereyou’reatwithsomeone.HerecentlywalkedbymeandgavemethemostgenuinesmilethatI’deverseen.Mycoworkerturnedtomeandsaid“I’veneverseenhimsmilelikethatbefore.Howdidyougetthroughtohim?”“Igavehima10,”Isaid,“throughjustonesong.”1．A．a(chǎn)ccept B．play C．choose D．change2．A．a(chǎn)bsent B．a(chǎn)nxious C．tough D．quiet3．A．constantly B．finally C．carefully D．obviously4．A．cooperate B．a(chǎn)gree C．a(chǎn)rgue D．connect5．A．thinkof B．listento C．talkabout D．handout6．A．gathered B．contributed C．remembered D．wrote7．A．interested B．confused C．a(chǎn)stonished D．excited8．A．a(chǎn)cknowledged B．persuaded C．entertained D．impressed9．A．trap B．boundary C．barrier D．disorder10．A．word B．chance C．gift D．game二、用單詞的適當形式完成短文閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AndvWarholwasasuccessfulmagazineandadillustrator11becamealeadingartistofthe1960sPopartmovement.HewasborninPittsburgh,Pennsylvaniain1926.Whenhegraduatedfromcollege,hemovedtoNewYorkCity12(pursue)acareerasacommercialartist.In1962,heexhibitedthenow-iconicpaintingsofCampbell’ssoupcans,13createdamajorstirintheartworld.Healsodrewportraitsandopenedhisownartstudio.Hisworksblurredthelinesbetweenfineartsandmainstreamaesthetics.Bythetimeofhisdeathin1987,he14(become)oneofthemostimportantfiguresinAmerican-arthistory.在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Naturaldisasterstakemanydifferentformsandcanhappen15warning.Earthquakes,floods,volcanoes,drought,typhoonsandhurricanesareallnaturaldisasters.Theearthquakeof26thDec.2004resultedinoneoftheworstnatural16(disaster)inlivingmemory.ItwasamassiveunderwaterquakeandoccurredintheIndianOcean.Itdestroyedcoastlines,communitiesandbroughtdeathanddestructiontomanypeople.Thousandsofpeoplewerekilledasthewavetravelledmilesacrosstheoceanto17(distance)beaches.Peoplefromallovertheworldgavelotsofmoneysothattownsandvillagescouldberebuilt.閱讀下面短文,在未給提示詞的空白處填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。TheUnitedNationsChildren’sFund,alsoknownasUNICEF,isaUnitedNationsorganizationbasedinNewYork.Itoffershelpneededbychildrenallovertheworld.UNICEF18(found)on11December,1946toprovidefoodandhealthcaretochildrenincountriesdamagedinWorldWarII.Since1953,theorganization19(take)upanextendedmissiontohelpchildreninthedevelopingworld,includingthoselivingwithdiseaseordisabilities,andthoseaffectedbyrapidmodernizationandenvironmental20(problem).Now,UNICEFhasbeenworkingtoimprovethelivesofchildrenandtheirfamiliesacross190countriesandterritories.三、閱讀理解Apoemcompetitionhasbeenstartedforpupilsaged4to18aroundUK.Itinvitesyoungpeopletofocuson(關(guān)注)the“manywaysweareconnectedtotheuniverse”.ThecompetitionispartofanationalcelebrationofcreativityintheUK.Thewinningentries(參賽作品)willbepresentedinaprojectionshow,whichwillvisitsomeplacesaroundtheUKfromMarchtoMay2023.Thisoutdoorshowwillincludeentriesfromthecompetitionandrunforaweekineachplace.Winnerswillalsoreceiveotherprizes,includingbooksandchocolate,pluscontinueddevelopment.Therulesareasfollows:Thecompetitionisfreetoenter.Ifyouareaged4-12,yourparentwillneedtoallowforyoutoenter.Yourentrymustbeoriginal(原創(chuàng)的).Yourworkisacceptedonlyifthiswillbeitsfirstappearanceanywhereintheworld.PoemsmustbewritteninEnglishorWelshandnotbelongerthan20lines.Youarefreetowriteinanystyleorform.YoumayentereitheronlinethroughthewebsiteorbyposttothePoetrySociety,22BettertonStreet,London.Allonlineentriesmustbereceivedby23:59GMTon19December2022.Allpoemsenteredbypostmustbepost-datedonorbefore19December2022.Ifyouwouldliketoenteronline,pleasecontinuethroughtheonlinesystemonthiswebsite.EmailAboutUs@poetrysociety.Orgifyouhaveanyproblem.21．Thecompetitioncenterson________.A．Nationalcelebration B．OutdoorshowaroundtheUKC．Youngpeople’stalents D．Connectivitytotheuniverse22．Whatwillbeawardedtothewinners?A．AfreetouraroundtheUK. B．Achancetopresenttheirworks.C．Books,chocolateandprizemoney. D．MembershipofthePoetrySociety.23．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A．Poemscanbewritteninanylanguage.B．Theshowwilllastamonthineachplace.C．Allpoemsenteredbypostmustbepostedby19Dec.2022.D．Peopleneedtopaytoenterthecompetition.24．Accordingtotherules,peoplewhotakepartinit________.A．mustwritepoemsnomorethan20lines B．mayentertheirpublishedpoemsC．shouldbeaged4-12 D．canemailentriesBDomestic(馴養(yǎng)的)horsesnowpullploughs,raceintheKentuckyDerby,andcarrypolice.Butearlyhorsesweren’ttame(馴服的)enoughtoperformthesekindsoftasks.Scientiststhinkthefirstinteractionshumanshadwithhorseswerefardifferentfromthosetoday.Thousandsofyearsago,peoplekilledthewildhorsesthatlivedaroundthemforfood.Overtime,peoplebegantocatchtheanimalsandraisethem.Thiswasthefirststepindomestication.Aspeoplebegantotameandridehorses,theychosetokeepthoseanimalsthathadmoredesirablecharacteristics.Forexample,peoplemayhavechosentokeephorsesthathadagentlepersonalitysotheycouldberiddenmoreeasily.Peoplewhousedhorsestopullheavyloadswouldhavechosentokeepstrongeranimals.Characteristicslikestrengtharepartlycontrolledbytheanimals’genes.Soasthedomesticatedhorsesreproduced,theypassedthecharacteristicsontotheiryoung.Eachnewgenerationofhouseswouldshowmoreofthesechosencharacteristics.Moderndayhorsebreedscomeinawidevarietyofshapesandsizes.Thisvarietydidn’texistinthehorsepopulationbeforedomestication.TheShetlandhorseisoneofthesmallestbreeds—typicallyreachingonlyonemetertall.Withshort,stronglegs,theanimalswerebredtopullcoaloutofmineshafts(礦井)withlowceilings.HugehorsesliketheClydesdalecameonthescenearound1700.Peoplebredtheseheavy,tallhorsestopulllargevehiclesusedforcarryingheavyloads.Thedomesticationofhorseshashadgreateffectsonsocieties.Forexample,horsewereimportanttoolsintheadvancementofmodernagriculture.Usingthemtopullploughsandcarryheavyloadsallowedpeopletofarmmoreefficiently.Beforetheywereabletoridehorses,humanshadtocrosslandonfoot.Ridinghorsesallowedpeopletotravelfargreaterdistanceinmuchlesstime.Thatencouragedpopulationslivingindifferentareastointeractwithoneanother.Thenewfromofrapidtransportationhelpedculturesspreadaroundtheworld.25．Beforedomesticationhorseswere______.A．caughtforsports B．huntedforfoodC．madetopullploughs D．usedtocarrypeople26．TheauthorusestheShetlandhorseasanexampletoshow______.A．itissmallerthantheClydesdalehorse B．horseusedtohavegentlepersonalitiesC．somehorseshavebettershapedthanothers D．horseswereoflessvarietybeforedomestication27．Horsescontributedtothespreadofcultureby______.A．carryingheavyloads B．changingfarmingmethodsC．servingasameansoftransport D．a(chǎn)dvancingagricultureindifferentareas28．Thepassageismainlyabout_______.A．whyhumansdomesticatedhorses B．howhumansandhorsesneededeachotherC．whyhorsescameindifferentshapesandsizes D．howhumansocietiesandhorsesinfluencedeachotherDoyoueverpullyourphoneoutofyourpocket,thinkingitisvibrating(振動),onlytofindthatitisn’t?Thisphenomenon,whichscientistscall“phantom(幻覺的)phonevibration”,isverycommon.Around80%ofpeoplesurveyedsaytheyhaveimaginedtheirphonesvibratingwhentheywereactuallystill.So,whatleadstothisuniversalbehavior?AccordingtotheBBC,theexplanationliesinyourbrain'sabilitytodiscoversignalsfromtheoutsideworld.Whenyourphoneisinyourpocket,therearetwopossiblestates:Itiseithervibratingornot.Meanwhile,youalsohavetwopossiblestatesofmind:thejudgmentthatthephoneisvibrating,orthatitisn't.Ideally,youmatchthefourstatescorrectly.However,sometimesyourbraindecidesthattheconsequencesofmissingacallaremoreseriousthana"falsealarm".Therefore,youbecomemoresensitivetovibrationssothatyoudon'tmissanything.Thisisjustlikethefirealarminyourhome—itcanbeannoyingwhenitgoesoffinresponsetojustatinybitofsmoke.Butthat'sasmallpricetopaycomparedtoafirereallybreakingoutbecausethealarmfailstoalert(警醒)you.Now,youmightstillask:whycan'tourbrainsjustmakeeveryjudgmentcorrectlywithoutbeingtoosensitivetofalsesignals?Theansweristhatyourbrainbearsaheavyburdeneveryday."Yougetalargeamountofsensoryinformationthat'scoiningfromyoureyes,earsandskin,andyoucan'tdealwithallthatinformationallthetime,"MichaelRothberg,aresearcheratBaystateMedicalCenterinSpringfield,US,toldLiveScience.Forexample,therustling（沙沙聲）ofclothingorthegrowling(咕咕聲)ofyourstomachmaybothleadyourbraintobelievethattheycomefromthevibrationofyourphone——itisliketryingtohearyournamebeingcalledinanoisyroom.So,perhapsyoushouldjustcheckyourphonewheneveryouthinkit'svibrating.Itisn'ttoomuchtroubletodothat,isit?29．Accordingtothispassage,phantomphonevibration.A．iscommonamongpeoplewithmentalproblemsB．happenswhenwebecomemoresensitivetovibrationssothatwedon'tmissanythingC．canmeasurepeople'sabilitytocollectinformationD．helpsourbrainstomakedecisionsquicklyandaccurately30．Whydidtheauthorusetheexampleoffirealarminthispassage?A．Tohelpusunderstandthecauseofphantomphonevibrationbetter.B．Totellusthephonevibrationusuallyhappenswhenafirebreaksout.C．Toshowusthefirealarmisassensitiveasthephonevibration.D．Toconvinceusit'simportanttocheckourphoneslikecheckingafirealarm.31．AccordingtoMichaelRothberg,whichmainlyaccountsforphantomphonevibration?A．Alackofmuchattention. B．Anoisybackground.C．Alargeamountofsensoryinformation. D．Aheavyburdeneveryday.32．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedoaboutphantomphonevibration?A．Weshouldalwaysfullybelieveourownsenseofhearing.B．Weshouldjustcheckourphoneswhenwethinkthey'revibrating.C．Weshouldignorethevibrationbotheringwhenourphonesareactuallystill.D．Weshouldthinkofthevibrationcarefullybeforewemakecorrectjudgments.Ilovemygasstove.There’snothingquitelikecookingoverthatbeautifulblueflame,soquicklyadjustedwithaflickofadial.Butinrecentyearsenvironmentalistshavebeenwarningthatgasstovesarebadfortheclimateandalsonotgreatforourhealth.Anewstudythisyearhasheightenedhealthworriesaboutnoxiousfumes(有毒煙塵)inourkitchens.Broadlyspeaking,therearetwocategoriesofconcernregardinggasstoveemissions.First,thereistheunburnednaturalgasthatcanescapebeforetheflameignitesorleakfromagashook-up.Thisgasismorethan90percentmethane(甲烷).Second,therearethepollutantscreatedbycombustion(燃燒)whenaburnerison,mostnotablynitrogenoxides(氧化氮),whichcanupsetthelungs.Thebigsurpriseinthenewstudy,conductedbyenvironmentalscientistsatStanfordUniversity,wastheamountofunburnedgasthatleaksintokitchenswhenastoveisoff.Theyfoundthatmorethanthreequartersofmethanethatescapesfromastovedoessowhenitisnotinuse,mostlikelythroughimperfectpipefittings.Onlyoneoutof53stovesmeasuredforthestudydidnotleakwhenturnedoff,saysRobJackson,seniorauthorofthestudy.Methaneisnottoxic,butitisapowerfulgreenhousegas.With40milliongasstovesacrossthecountry,Jacksonandhisco-authorsestimatethattheheat-trappingpotentialofthemethanetheydischargeannuallyisequaltothecarbondioxidereleasedbyhalfamilliongas-poweredcars.TheStanfordstudyalsolookedattheamountofnitrogenoxidesproducedwhenusingthestoves.Inamatterofminutes,familieswhodonotusetheirexhausthoods(排氣罩)andwhohavesmall,poorlyairedkitchenscangobeyondtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency’soutdoorexposurelimitfornitrogendioxideof100partsperbillion(ppb)perhour.Evenshortexposurestoexcessnitrogendioxidecanworsensymptomsinpeoplewithrespiratoryconditions(呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病).Andthereisconsiderableevidencethatlong-termexposureraisestheriskofdevelopingasthma(哮喘).Whatistheaveragehomecooktomakeofallthis?TheymighttakeanideafromMichanowicz,aseniorscientistatPSEHealthyEnergy,whoboughtaninductionburneranddoesmuchofhiscookingonthat$100item.Jackson,forhispart,isputtinghismoneywherehisresearchis:“I’mreplacingaperfectlygoodgasstove”withaninductionstove.Hewouldlikegovernmentstoprovidemotivationsforpeopletoswitchtoelectricranges.Asforme,I’veswitchedtoanelectrickettleforboilingwater.33．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,gasstoveworriesinclude___________.A．thechallengeofchangingourcookinghabitsB．thediseasesbroughtbycookingonagasstoveC．theenvironmentalimpactofcookingonagasstoveD．theriskofcatchingfirewhilepeoplearecookingonagasstove34．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Gasmayleakintokitchenswithastoveonoroff.B．Nitrogenoxidesmaycausepeopletodeveloplungcancer.C．Methanecanescapeintokitchensthroughwrongoperation.D．Kitchenscandoharmtopeoplewithoutproperpipefittings.35．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“toxic”inParagraph3mostprobablymean?A．Colorful. B．Useful. C．Harmful. D．Fruitful.36．Asforchangingacookinghabit,theauthoris__________.A．doubtful B．disapproving C．unconcerned D．supportive四、七選五Whyaresomanypeopleafraidoffailure?Quitesimplybecausenoonetellsushowtofailsothatfailurebecomesanexperiencethatwillleadtogrowth.37Mostparentsworkhardateitherpreventingfailureorprotectingtheirchildrenfromtheknowledgethattheyhavefailed.Onewayistolowerstandards.Amotherdescribesherchild'shastilymadetableas"Perfect!"inspiteofitsunevenlegs.Anotherwayistopintheblameonsomeoneelse.IfJohnfailsscience,histeacherisunfairorstupid.Thetroublewithfailure-preventionwaysisthattheyleaveachildunequippedforlifeintherealworld.Theyoungneedtolearnthatnoonecanbebestateverything,noonecanwinallthetime—andthatit'spossibletoenjoyagameevenwhenyoudon'twin.Achildwhoisnotinvitedtoabirthdayparty,whodoesnotmakethehonorrollonthebaseballteam,feelsterrible,ofcourse.38Theyoungshouldbeallowedtoexperiencedisappointment,andbehelpedtomasterit.Failureisneverpleasurable.Ithurtsadultsandchildrenalike.39Steponeistoask"WhydidIfail?"Resistthenaturalimpulse(沖動)toblamesomeoneelse.Askyourselfwhatyoudidwrongandhowyoucanimprove.Ifsomeoneelsecanhelp,don'tbeshyaboutinquiring.Success,whichencouragesrepetitionofoldbehavior,isnotnearlyasgoodateacherasfailure.Youcanlearnfromadisastrouspartyhowtogiveagoodone,fromanill-chosenfirsthousewhattolookforinasecond.40After12yearsofstudyingballetafriendofminewenttoaninterviewforaprofessionalcompany.Shewasturneddown."Wouldfurthertraininghelp?"sheasked.Theballetmastershookhishead."Youwillneverbeadancer.Youhaven'tthebodyforit."Insuchcases,thewaytousefailureistotakestock(清點存貨，清理)bravelyasking"WhathaveIleft?WhatelsecanIdo?"Myfriendputawayhertoeshoesandmovedintodancetherapy,afieldwhereshe'sbothcompetentanduseful.41Oftenthereisaresurgence(復(fù)活)ofenergy--anawarenessofnewpossibilities.A．Evenafailurethatseemsdefinitecanpromotefreshthinking,achangeofdirection.B．However,itcanmakeapositivecontributiontoyourlifeonceyoulearntouseit.C．Youcanalsolearnthatfailureisthemotherofsuccess.D．Andweforgetthatfailureispartofthehumanconditionandthateverypersonhastherighttofail.E．Failurefreesonetotakerisksbecausethere'slittletolose.F．Sobestrongandneverloseheartinthefaceoffailure.G．Butparentsshouldnotofferaquickcomfort,prizeorsay,"Itdoesn'tmatter"becauseitdoes.五、閱讀表達閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Throughoutourlives,wearefacedwithmanydifferentlearningexperiences.Someoftheseexperienceshavemademoreofanimpactthanothers.Thiscanbeduetodifferentintelligencesorlearningstyles.Aperson’slearningstyleor“intelligence”isthemethodthroughwhichtheygaininformationmosteasily.Thetheoryofmultipleintelligenceswasproposedin1983byDr.GardnerinhisbookFramesofMind:TheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences,anditsuggeststhattraditionalideasaboutintelligence,measuredbystandardizedIQtests,areverylimited.Accordingtohim,eightdifferentintelligencesareproposedtodescribetherangeofdifferentabilitiesinchildrenandadults.Theyare:linguisticintelligence,logical-mathematicalintelligence,spatialintelligence,bodily-kinestheticintelligence,musicalintelligence,interpersonalintelligence,intrapersonalintelligence,andnaturalisticintelligence.Someschoolsfocusattentiononlinguisticandlogical-mathematicalintelligences.However,Dr.Gardnersaysthatweshouldplaceequalattentiononpeoplewhopossesstheotherintelligences:designers,athletes,musicians,salesmen,psychologists,andbiologists.Educationcanbemuchmoreinterestingandhelpmorestudentstolearnmoreeffectivelyifteachersareencouragedtopresentlessonsinawidevarietyofwaysusingmusic,groupwork,artactivities,role-play,multimedia,fieldtrips,amongothers.Thegoodnewsisthathundredsofschoolsarecurrentlyusingthetheoryofmultipleintelligencestodesignthewaytheyeducatechildren.Bydoingso,studentswillperformbetterandstoremoreimportantinformationintheirminds.Understandingastudent’slearningstylecanhelplaterinlifeandleadthemintoamorefulfillingcareerdirection.Thetheoryofmultipleintelligencesalsogivesadultsawholenewwaytolookattheirlives,examiningpotentialsthattheyleftbehindintheirchildhood,suchasaloveforartordrama.Theymaynowhavetheopportunitytodevelopthesethroughhobbiesorotherprogramsofself-development.42．Accordingtothepassage,whatisaperson’slearningstyle?__________________________________________________________________________43．WhatdoesDr.Gardnerusetheeightintelligencestodescribe?__________________________________________________________________________44．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Tohelpstudentsperformbetterandstoremoreimportantinformationintheirminds,schoolsshouldfocusonlinguisticandlogical-mathematicalintelligences.__________________________________________________________________________45．Whichintelligencedoyouwanttodevelopmost?Why?(Inabout40words)__________________________________________________________________________六、其他應(yīng)用文46．假定你是李華，你校下個月舉行放風箏比賽（TheKiteFlyingCompetition），請你寫封電子郵件給你的英國交換生朋友Mark，內(nèi)容包括：1.比賽時間、地點；2.比賽要求和意義；3.希望他一同參賽。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁參考答案1．B2．C3．A4．D5．A6．B7．D8．A9．C10．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者通過播放一個調(diào)皮男孩推薦的歌曲，給了一個承認他的機會，男孩也因此在英語課上變得更快樂、更專注了。1．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在廣播中，我通常會宣布是誰推薦了這首歌，然后在午餐時間播放給大家聽。A.accept接受；B.play播放；C.choose選擇；D.change改變。后文“itforeveryonetohearduringlunchtime”中it指代歌曲，故指播放歌曲，應(yīng)用動詞play。故選B。2．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我為每個人提供了一個通過音樂來分享自己的機會，包括我的一個棘手的學生。A.absent缺席的；B.anxious焦急的；C.tough艱難的，棘手的；D.quiet安靜的。根據(jù)后文“getsintofightswiththeotherstudents,doesn’tstudy,andbringsdowntheenergyoftheclass”可知這個學生不聽話，很棘手。故選C。3．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這個學生經(jīng)常和其他學生打架，不學習，使班級的活力下降。A.constantly持續(xù)地；B.finally最后；C.carefully仔細地；D.obviously顯然。根據(jù)后文“getsintofightswiththeotherstudents,doesn’tstudy,andbringsdowntheenergyoftheclass”指這個學生經(jīng)常和其他學生打架，不學習，使班級的活力下降。故選A。4．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不過我知道他只是需要一個朋友，或者至少是一個他可以交流的人。A.cooperate合作；B.agree同意；C.argue爭論；D.connect連接。根據(jù)上文“Iknewthoughthathejustneededafriend,oratleastsomeonehecould”可知，男孩需要一個朋友，一個可以聯(lián)系交流的人。故選D。5．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我告訴他想一首他喜歡的歌，里面有一些英語單詞，我會在廣播里放給他聽。A.thinkof想起；B.listento聽；C.talkabout談?wù)摚籇.handout分發(fā)。根據(jù)后文“asonghelikesthathassomeEnglishwordsinit”指作者讓男生想一起喜歡的歌。故選A。6．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我真的很喜歡這首歌，所以我把它放在廣播中，并確保宣布他的名字，所以每個人都知道，他貢獻和推薦這樣一首好歌曲。A.gathered聚集；B.contributed貢獻；C.remembered記得；D.wrote寫。根據(jù)后文“andrecommendedsuchagreatsong”指男生貢獻和推薦這樣一首好歌曲。故選B。7．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不用說，男孩很興奮，從那以后，他在英語課上變得更快樂、更專注了。A.interested感興趣的；B.confused困惑的；C.astonished吃驚的；D.excited激動的。根據(jù)后文“andhe’sbeenmuchhappierandfocusedinEnglishclasseversince”可知，作者的做法讓男孩很激動，因此從那以后，他在英語課上變得更快樂、更專注了。故選D。8．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當每個人都誤解他，把他推開的時候，我看透了他，知道他只是需要一個承認他的人。A.acknowledged承認；B.persuaded說服；C.entertained娛樂；D.impressed使印象深刻。根據(jù)上文“Isawhimrightthroughandknewthathejustneededsomeonewho”可知，當每個人都誤解他，把他推開的時候，作者看透了他，知道他只是需要一個承認他的人。故選A。9．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們之間仍然有語言障礙，但不需要言語，因為你總能感覺到你和某人在哪里。A.trap陷阱；B.boundary邊界；C.barrier障礙；D.disorder混亂。根據(jù)后文“butwordsaren’tneeded”可知，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明仍然存在語言障礙，但不需要言語。故選C。10．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我給了他一個機會，”我說，“只是通過一首歌?！盇.word單詞；B.chance機會；C.gift禮物；D.game游戲。呼應(yīng)第一段中“Ioffereveryoneanopportunitytosharethemselves(我給每個人一個分享自己的機會)”指給了男孩一個機會。故選B。11．who12．topursue13．which14．hadbecome【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章對美國藝術(shù)史上最重要的雜志和廣告插畫家之一AndvWarhol進行了簡要介紹。11．考查定語從句。句意：AndvWarhol是一位成功的雜志和廣告插畫家，成為20世紀60年代流行藝術(shù)運動的領(lǐng)軍藝術(shù)家。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這是一個包含定語從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞為AndvWarhol，因空白處在句子中做主語指人，應(yīng)使用who引導(dǎo)定語從句，故填who。12．考查非謂語動詞。句意：大學畢業(yè)后，他搬到了紐約市，從事商業(yè)藝術(shù)家的職業(yè)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中做狀語表示目的，應(yīng)使用動詞不定式，故填topursue。13．考查定語從句。句意：1962年，他展出了坎貝爾湯罐的標志性畫作，這在藝術(shù)界引起了軒然大波。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這是一個包含定語從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞為Campbell’ssoupcans，因空白處在非限制性定語從句中做主語指物，使用which引導(dǎo)定語從句，故填which。14．考查時態(tài)。句意：到1987年他去世時，他已經(jīng)成為美國藝術(shù)史上最重要的人物之一。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中做謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語Bythetimeofhisdeathin1987可知，主語謂語動詞表示的動作在時間狀語Bythetimeofhisdeathin1987表示的時間之前發(fā)生，應(yīng)使用過去完成時，故填hadbecome。15．without16．disasters17．distant【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文段指出自然災(zāi)害有著各種各樣的形式，并詳細描述了2004年的印度洋海嘯事例。15．考查介詞。句意：自然災(zāi)害有著多種不同形式，可以毫無預(yù)警地發(fā)生。分析句子可知，空白前句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，其后接名詞warning，考慮介詞；結(jié)合下一句中列舉的多種自然災(zāi)害形式，推知此處要表達自然災(zāi)害往往是毫無預(yù)警地發(fā)生，可用without表示“沒有，不帶”。故填without。16．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：2004年12月26日發(fā)生的那場地震導(dǎo)致了有史以來最慘重的自然災(zāi)害之一。分析句子可知，在“oneof+the+形容詞最高級+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“最……的……之一”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，disaster要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填disasters。17．考查形容詞。句意：海浪從遙遠的海面穿越數(shù)英里席卷了海灘，成千上萬的人因此喪命。分析句子可知，空白處與beaches共同構(gòu)成介詞to的賓語，其中空白處應(yīng)作定語修飾beaches，應(yīng)使用形容詞distant表示“遙遠的”作定語。故填distant。18．wasfounded19．hastaken/hasbeentaking20．problems【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了UNICEF(聯(lián)合國兒童基金會)的歷史和其作用。18．考查動詞語態(tài)。句意：聯(lián)合國兒童基金會成立于1946年12月11日，旨在為二戰(zhàn)受害國的兒童提供食物和醫(yī)療保健。根據(jù)時間狀語11December,1946可知，空處謂語動詞需用一般過去時；此處主語UNICEF是動作的承受者，所以空處謂語動詞需用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語是單數(shù)，所以be動詞需用was。故填wasfounded。19．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：自1953年以來，該組織承擔了一項幫助發(fā)展中國家兒童的長期使命，包括那些患有疾病或殘疾的兒童，以及那些受快速現(xiàn)代化和環(huán)境問題影響的兒童。根據(jù)時間狀語Since1953可知，空處謂語動詞需用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)，表示過去發(fā)生的動作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能繼續(xù)下去；主語是單數(shù)organization，所以此處助動詞需用has。故填hastaken或hasbeentaking。20．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意同上。此處泛指各種環(huán)境問題，所以空處名詞需用復(fù)數(shù)。故填problems。21．D22．B23．C24．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一則布告，主要介紹了一個詩歌比賽的情況，包括比賽規(guī)則以及報名方式等。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Itinvitesyoungpeopletofocuson(關(guān)注)the“manywaysweareconnectedtotheuniverse”.(它邀請年輕人關(guān)注“我們與宇宙聯(lián)系的許多方式”)”可知，比賽的中心是與宇宙的連通性。故選D。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thewinningentries(參賽作品)willbepresentedinaprojectionshow,whichwillvisitsomeplacesaroundtheUKfromMarchtoMay2023.Thisoutdoorshowwillincludeentriesfromthecompetitionandrunforaweekineachplace.(參賽作品將在2023年3月至5月期間在英國的一些地方進行放映。這個戶外展覽將包括來自比賽的作品，并在每個地方運行一周)”可知，獲勝者會得到展示他們作品的機會。故選B。23．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Allpoemsenteredbypostmustbepost-datedonorbefore19December2022.(所有以郵寄方式參賽的詩歌必須在2022年12月19日或之前完成)”可知，所有以郵寄方式參賽的詩歌必須在2022年12月19日前寄出。故選C。24．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“PoemsmustbewritteninEnglishorWelshandnotbelongerthan20lines.(詩歌必須用英語或威爾士語寫成，不超過20行)”可知，根據(jù)規(guī)定，參加活動的人必須寫不超過20行詩。故選A。25．B26．D27．C28．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于人類社會和馬之間是如何相互影響的。25．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thousandsofyearsago,peoplekilledthewildhorsesthatlivedaroundthemforfood.(幾千年前，人們殺死生活在他們周圍的野馬作為食物。)”可知，在馴養(yǎng)之前，人們捕殺野馬作為食物。故選B。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thisvarietydidn’texistinthehorsepopulationbeforedomestication.(這個品種在馴化之前馬的種群中并不存在。)”可知，在人們開始馴養(yǎng)馬之前，馬的種類并不多。所以作者以TheShetlandhorse這種馬為例來解釋“在馴養(yǎng)之前，馬的種類較少”的觀點。故選D。27．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后