初高英語(yǔ)銜接語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句之關(guān)系代詞用法淺析

TheAttributiveClause定語(yǔ)從句

之關(guān)系代詞(relativepronoun)AguessinggameHeisayoungman.Heisayoungman

withapairofglasses.Heisayoungmanthatisveryhandsome.Heisa

young

man

whoneversmilesinEnglishclass.

Lead-inAguessinggameHeisayoungman.Heisayoungman

withapairofglasses.Heisayoungmanthatisveryhandsome.Heisa

young

man

whoneversmilesinEnglishclass.

Lead-in?Whatroledothewordsinredplay?定語(yǔ)：用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞的成分，常譯為“…的”。

Whatareattributes(定語(yǔ))?Attributes(定語(yǔ))Whatistheattributiveclause?本質(zhì)上，它和形容詞是近親，都愛(ài)干一件事，修飾名詞或代詞.定語(yǔ)從句：充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)的句子。一般放在名詞代詞的后面。Heisayoung

man.Heisa

young

man

whoneversmilesinEnglishclass.Heisayoungman

whoneversmilesinEnglishclass.被修飾的詞先行詞（anticedent）關(guān)系詞(relative)Heisa

youngman.（主句）Theyoungman

neversmilesinEnglishclass.（從句）1.連接主句和從句2.指代先行詞3.在從句中作一定的成分structureofattributiveclause定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系詞的分類(lèi)關(guān)系代詞（relativepronouns）：that,which,who,whom,whose關(guān)系副詞(relativeadverbs)：when,where,why關(guān)系代詞的用法例如：

Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?（who/that在從句中作?）

Heisthemanwhom/that/不填I(lǐng)sawyesterday.（whom/that在從句中作?）1Presentation

who,whom,that這些詞代替的先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞。主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)例如：I'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralstudents________________________ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.Attention：who/that在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，whom在從句中只作賓語(yǔ)；作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，whom/who/that可以省略whom/who/that/不填Presentation2

which,that這些詞所代替的先行詞是表示事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。例如：農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.（which/that在句中作?）你拿著的那個(gè)包裹馬上就要散開(kāi)了。Thepackage

___________________youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.（which/that在句中作?）Presentation主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)which/that/不填DingdingTalkbecomesanapp______________manystudentshaterecently.釘釘成了最近很多學(xué)生討厭的一款應(yīng)用軟件。小結(jié)：關(guān)系代詞若在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，即可省略。that/which/不填Presentation3

whose所修飾的先行詞是表示人或物的名詞或代詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)。例如：Presentation這就是聞名全世界的那位科學(xué)家。Thisisthescientist

whosenameisknownallovertheworld.我們居住在一所窗戶(hù)朝南開(kāi)的房子里。Weliveinahouse

whosewindowsopentothesouth.1.Idon'tknowthenameofthegirl?_________isstandingoverthere.2.Tomisanexcellentboy_________?Ilikeverymuch.3.Sarahgotanemailfromthewoman__________?housewevisitedlastweek.4.Theproblems_______wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.Fillintheblankswithrelativepronounswhowhowhosewho1.InancientChinalivedanartist______paintingswerealmostlifelike.2.Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose______aretotallyengaged(參與)inacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources(資源).3.Understandinghergoodintentions,Ieatallthefood______isprovidedbyMomwithappreciation.

Fillintheblankswithrelativepronouns1.InancientChinalivedanartist______paintingswerealmostlifelike.whosewhose2.Thosebenefittingmostfromcollegearestudents_________aretotallyengaged(參與)inacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources(資源).who/that3.Understandinghergoodintentions,eatallthefood__________isprovidedbyMomwithappreciation.

that為什么不能用which?定語(yǔ)從句的幾種特殊?？伎键c(diǎn)：1.先行詞為something，anything，everything，nothing,somebody，anybody,everybody,nobody，all，much,little,none等不定代詞時(shí),只能用that.Everything

that

canbedonehasbeendone.一切能做的事都已經(jīng)做了。Attention：2.先行詞前有最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞、thevery,theonly,thelast等修飾時(shí)，只能用that.Thisisthemostdeliciousfood

thatIhaveeverhad.這是我吃過(guò)的最美味的食物。Chattingwastheonlythingthatinterestedhermost.聊天是她唯一感興趣的事情。Attention：3.先行詞既有人也有物時(shí)，用thatShetookphotographsofthingsandpeople

that

shewasinterestedin.她將她感興趣的人和事都拍了下來(lái)。4.若先行詞是those，one等指代人時(shí)，要用who來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。Thisnovelispopularwiththose_____wereborninthe1980s.

One____failstoreachtheGreatWallisnotahero.whowhoDoyouknowtheman________wrotethisbook?HewasJason,oneoftheengineers_________camefromRussiainthe1950s.Heworkedinthefactorywheremyfatheronceworked.WhenhecametoChina,thefirstthing______hedidwastovisitthefactory___________didresearchontrolleybuses(無(wú)軌電車(chē))andfoundoutthereasonwhyChinawassobackwardinit.Thenhespenteveryminute______hecouldsparetohelpChinadeveloptransportation.Asismentionedabove,Jasonwasaforeigner______contributions(貢獻(xiàn))washelpfultoourcountryandhewasakindmantowhomweshouldsaythanks.who,thatwho，thatthat,/that,whichthat,/whose語(yǔ)法填空：完成句子：1.這是我參觀過(guò)最漂亮的公園。Thisisthemostbeautifulpark____________________.2.我們常常談起我們記得的那些人和事。Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthings_______________________.3.這正是我昨天丟失的那支鋼筆。Thisistheverypen_________________________.thatIhavevisitedthatwerememberthatIlostyesterdayDearTom,Howareyougoingthesedays?I'mwritingtosharewithyousomethingaboutourschool'sSportsClub,andthedetailedinformationisasfollows.TheSportsClub1.______________________________________________(放學(xué)后舉辦各種各樣活動(dòng)的俱樂(lè)部)islocatedinourschool'sgym.Atweekends,itisavailablealldayforallstudents2._________________________(對(duì)體育賽事感興趣的學(xué)生).Badminton,basketballandtabletennisareespeciallypopularamongstudents.Whatexcitesmemostisthattherearesomekindsofcompetitionsheldeveryfewweeks,3._____________________________________________________(吸引了許多學(xué)生來(lái)觀看和豐富了我們的學(xué)校生活).Inaword,itisanidealplacetorelaxourselvesafterclass.Bestwishes!Yourssincerely,