安徽省蕪湖市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中試題含解析

Page232024～2024學(xué)年高二年級(jí)上學(xué)期期中檢測(cè)聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)考生留意：1．本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2．答題前考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫(xiě)清晰。3．考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑;非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答、超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題、從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatdidPeterdoyesterdayafternoon?A.Hestayedathome.B.Hesawafilm.C.HewenttoJerry’shouse.2.Whydoesthemanlookhappy?A.Hegotajob.B.Hestartedacompany.C.Heboughtanewhouse.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthesupermarket.B.Atthecakeshop.C.Athome.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanshouldpreparefortheexamearly.B.Itiswiseofthemantostayupfortheexam.C.Themanshouldtakeiteasybeforetheexam.5.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Drivetowork.B.Reportnews.C.GiveTrishacall.其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題、從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題、每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Acouple.7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Changethetickets.B.Checkthebooking.C.Sendinvitations.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhatisTomdoing?A.Preparingforanexam.B.Readinganewspaper.C.Doinghishomework.9.Whowenttoaparty?A.Ella.B.Jimmy’sfather.C.Jimmy’sgrandpa.10.WhatdoesFannyagreetodointheend?A.Writeastory,B.PlaywithJimmy.C.Gooutwithherfriends.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至3題。11.Whydidthemanfailtoreceivethewoman’scall?A.Hisphonestoppedworking.B.Hedidn’ttakehiscellphonewithhim.C.Hewasbusyplayingcomputergames.12.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Hercellphoneneedsrepairing.B.Shehasmademanymistakesinherhomework.C.Thereissomethingwrongwithhercomputer.13.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.ContactJane.B.AskHenryforhelp.C.Finishherhomeworkfirst.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whereisthenewbranchoffice?A.InFrance.B.InSpain.C.InGermany.15.HowlonghasBettybeenworkinginthecompany?A.Foroneyear.B.Forthreeyears.C.Forfiveyears.16.WhatdoweknowaboutMr.Smith?A.Helacksworkexperience.B.Hehaschildreninschool.C.Hecanmoveoverseaseasily.17.Whatwillthespeakersdothisafternoon?A.TalkwithJeff.B.Pickuptheirkids.C.Learnforeignlanguages.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Awriter.C.Awebsite.19.Howcanmembersgettheinformationaboutthebooks?A.Bycheckinganonlinelist.B.Bymakingaphonecall.C.Bysendinganemail.20.Whatcolornumbersshowthenumberofthebooksputinthelast30days?A.Red.B.Yellow.C.Blue.其次部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThisisshapinguptobeabigyearforUSthemeparks—andwe’renotjusttalkingaboutDisney.Fromcoasttocoast,themeparksareopeningexcitingnewridesforpeople.LegolandNewYorkResortOverMemorialDayweekend,Legolandopeneditsnewestattraction:aLego-themedwaterplaygroundwherefamiliescanplaywater,slideandbeattheheat.Thereisalsoanearbychangingareasoyoucantakeoffyourwetswimsuitwhenyou’rereadytoheadforthepark’sland-basedattractions.UniversalStudiosHollywoodThoughthelandhasonlyoneride,SuperNintendoWorldhasmorethanenoughtokeepyoubusyafteryouracetothefinish.Throughouttheland,thereareinteractivechallengeswhereyoucancollectdigitalcoinsandtrytosecureatopscore.Youwillalsofindallthesouvenirsandclothingyouneedtocompleteyourexperience.BuschGardensTampaBayTheSerengetiFlyerswingrideiscurrentlytheworld’stallestandfastestrideofitskind.You’llriserapidlyabovezebras,giraffesandotheranimalsthatresideinthepark’s65-acreSerengetiPlain.Becauseofitsextremenature,theridehasa48-inch(英寸)minimum(最小的)heightrequirement.BuschGardensWilliamsburgBuschGardensWilliamsburg’snewestcoaster(過(guò)山車(chē))willhaveguestsracingthroughthedarkwhileattemptingtoescapeacastle.DarKoasterisafullyindoorcoasterwithridevehiclesdesignedtolooklikesnowmobiles.You’llneedthemtotravelthroughthestrangesnowstorminsidethecastle.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoatLegolandNewYorkResort?A.Playwater. B.Collectdigitalcoins.C.Experienceasnowstorm. D.Taketheworld’stallestride.2.WhatisrequiredfortouriststoenjoytheSerengetiFlyerswingride?A.Greatloveforanimals. B.Wearingspecialclothes.C.Thecompanyoffamily. D.Beingatleast48inchesinheight.3.Wherewillyougoifyouwanttotakeafullyindoorcoaster?A.BuschGardensTampaBay. B.BuschGardensWilliamsburg.C.LegolandNewYorkResort. D.UniversalStudiosHollywood.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)主題公園的新游樂(lè)設(shè)施的狀況?！?題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)LegolandNewYorkResort部分“OverMemorialDayweekend,Legolandopeneditsnewestattraction:aLego-themedwaterplaygroundwherefamiliescanplaywater,slideandbeattheheat.(在陣亡將士紀(jì)念日的周末，樂(lè)高樂(lè)園開(kāi)放了最新的景點(diǎn)：一個(gè)樂(lè)高主題水上樂(lè)園，家庭可以在那里玩水、滑滑梯和避暑)”可知，游客在紐約樂(lè)高樂(lè)園度假村可以玩水。故選A?！?題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)BuschGardensTampaBay部分“Becauseofitsextremenature,theridehasa48-inch(英寸)minimum(最小的)heightrequirement.(由于它的極限性質(zhì)，過(guò)山車(chē)的最低身高要求是48英寸)”可知，塞倫蓋蒂摩天輪秋千之旅的游客至少要有48英寸高。故選D?！?題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)BuschGardensWilliamsburg部分“DarKoasterisafullyindoorcoasterwithridevehiclesdesignedtolooklikesnowmobiles.(DarKoaster是一個(gè)完全室內(nèi)的過(guò)山車(chē)，乘坐車(chē)輛被設(shè)計(jì)成看起來(lái)像雪地車(chē))”可知，假如你想坐完全在室內(nèi)的過(guò)山車(chē)，你可以去威廉斯堡的布什花園。故選B。BThe2024NobelPrizeinChemistryhasbeenawardedtoMoungiG.BawendiofMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,LouisE.BrusofColumbiaUniversity,andAlexeiI.EkimovofNanocrystalsTechnologyInc.inNewYorkforthediscoveryanddevelopmentofquantumdots(量子點(diǎn)).Thethreescientistseachcontributedtoafundamentaldiscovery,accordingtoofficialsfromtheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciences,whichawardsseveraloftheprizeseachyear.Theworkthey’vedonehasalreadyledtonewtechnologyintelevisionscreensandbio-imaging.ReachedbyphoneduringapressconferenceearlyWednesdaymorning,Bawendiofferedastreamofreactions:“Shocked.Sleepy.Veryunexpected.Andveryhonored.”Inarareevent,thewinners’nameswereleakedtotheSwedishmediabeforetheofficialannouncement.ButBawendisaidhe’dbeensoundasleep,sohedidn’thearanythingaboutit.Quantumdotsareparticles(粒子)thataresoincrediblysmallthattheirsizeactuallystartstoaffecttheirproperties.Forexample,bluequantumdotsandredquantumdotscanbemadefromtheexactsamematerial,withtheonlydifferencebeingthesizeoftheparticleitself.(Thebluequantumdotsaresmallerthanredones.)Infact,changingthesizecanalter(變更)manydifferentpropertiesbeyondjustcolor,whichmeansthatquantumdotscouldbeusefulforavarietyofapplications,includingbuildingbettersolarpanelsandperhapsevencreatingfuelbyusingsunlight.Thethreescientistswillsharetheprizemoneyof11millionSwedishkronor(closeto$995,000)inequalparts.Thisisthethirdscience-focusedNobelPrizetobeawardedthisweek.OnTuesday,thephysicsprizewasawardedtoAnneL’Huillier,PierreAgostiniandFerencKrausz.AndonMonday,KatalinKarikoandDrewWeissmanwontheprizeinphysiologyormedicine.OfficialsplantoannouncetheliteratureprizeonThursday,followedbythepeaceprizeonFriday.TheeconomicsprizewillbeawardedonMonday.4.HowdidBawendifeelwhenreceivingthecallearlyWednesdaymorning?A.Angry. B.Surprised. C.Bored. D.Sorry.5.Whatcausesthedifferenceincolorbetweenbluequantumdotsandredones?A.Thesizeoftheparticles. B.Thedifferenceinmaterials.C.Thechangeinshapes. D.Thevarietyofapplications.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inparagraph7referto?A.The2024NobelPrizeinphysics. B.The2024NobelPrizeinmedicine.C.The2024NobelPrizeinliterature. D.The2024NobelPrizeinchemistry.7.Whatisthetext?A.Ashortstory. B.Adiaryentry. C.Anewsreport. D.Aresearcharticle.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。2024年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)被授予麻省理工學(xué)院的MoungiG.Bawendi、哥倫比亞高校的LouisE.Brus和紐約納米晶體技術(shù)公司的AlexeiI.Ekimov，以表彰他們發(fā)覺(jué)和發(fā)展量子點(diǎn)。文章介紹了他們的探討以及其他獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的獲得狀況?！?題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“ReachedbyphoneduringapressconferenceearlyWednesdaymorning,Bawendiofferedastreamofreactions:“Shocked.Sleepy.Veryunexpected.Andveryhonored.”(在周三凌晨的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上，記者通過(guò)電話聯(lián)系到了巴文迪，他給出了一連串的反應(yīng)：“震驚。困了。特別意外。我特別榮幸?！?”可知，在周三早晨接到電話時(shí)，Bawendi感到驚異。故選B?！?題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段“Forexample,bluequantumdotsandredquantumdotscanbemadefromtheexactsamematerial,withtheonlydifferencebeingthesizeoftheparticleitself.(例如，藍(lán)色量子點(diǎn)和紅色量子點(diǎn)可以由完全相同的材料制成，唯一的區(qū)分是粒子本身的大小)”可知、粒子的大小導(dǎo)致了藍(lán)色量子點(diǎn)和紅色量子點(diǎn)之間顏色的差異。故選A?！?題詳解】詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫(huà)線詞前“Thethreescientistswillsharetheprizemoneyof11millionSwedishkronor(closeto$995.000)inequalparts.(這三位科學(xué)家將平分1100萬(wàn)瑞典克朗（接近995,000美元）的獎(jiǎng)金)”可知，2024年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)被授予麻省理工學(xué)院的MoungiG.Bawendi、哥倫比亞高校的LouisE.Brus和紐約納米晶體技術(shù)公司的AlexeiI.Ekimov，這三位科學(xué)家將平分1100萬(wàn)瑞典克朗（接近995,000美元）的獎(jiǎng)金。故This指的是2024年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。故選D。【7題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“The2024NobelPrizeinChemistryhasbeenawardedtoMoungiG.BawendiofMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,LouisE.BrusofColumbiaUniversity,andAlexeiI.EkimovofNanocrystalsTechnologyInc.inNewYorkforthediscoveryanddevelopmentofquantumdots(量子點(diǎn)).(2024年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)被授予麻省理工學(xué)院的MoungiG.Bawendi、哥倫比亞高校的LouisE.Brus和紐約納米晶體技術(shù)公司的AlexeiI.Ekimov，以表彰他們發(fā)覺(jué)和發(fā)展量子點(diǎn))”結(jié)合文章介紹了他們的探討以及其他獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的獲得狀況?？赏茢?，本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。故選C。CApowerfulearthquakehitMoroccoonFridaynight,killingover2,500peopleandcausinghugedamageoveralargearea.ThequakewasoneofthemostpowerfuleverrecordedinMorocco.It’salsothecountry’sdeadliestearthquakeinover60years.Sofar,theearthquakeisreportedtohavekilledover2,680people.Ithasinjuredover2,500others.Theearthquakewasespeciallydangerousbecauseithappenedatnight,whenpeoplewereasleepintheirhomes.Marrakeshisabigcitythat’spopularwithtourists.Manyofitsmodernbuildingsseemtohavesurvivedtheearthquake,buttheoldpartofthecity,Medina,washithard.Ithasbuildingsthatareover1,000yearsold.Manyofthosebuildingsweredemolished.OutsideofMarrakesh,theearthquakecausedevenmoredamage.IntheAtlasMountains,theearthquake’scenter,therearemanysmallvillages,someofwhichwerenearlydestroyed.Manyofthepeopleinthearealiveinsimplehousesmadeofmudbricks,whichisatraditionalwayofbuildinginMorocco.Butit’snotstrongenoughtoprotectagainstearthquakes.AlthoughtheMoroccangovernmenthaslawsthatrequirebuildingstobebuiltmoresafely,theserulesareoftenignored.Rescueworkershavebeenworkinghardtosavethoseaffectedbythequake.Inlargercities,rescueeffortsseemtobegoingwell.Butithastakenalotlongerforhelptoreachremoteareasinthemountains.Manyofthesevillagesaredifficulttogetto.Theearthquakecausedlandslides,blockingroads,andmakingtheseplacesevenmoredifficulttoreach.Insomeareas,phoneandelectricalservicewerealsoknockedout,leavingtheseplacescompletelycutoff.Thatmeansthatthelocalpeopleinsomeremoteareashavehadtodealwiththesituationontheirown.Insomeareas,peoplehavebeendiggingthroughthebrokenstonesorbrickswiththeirhands,tryingtofindsurvivors.Manypeoplearesleepingoutside,unsureiftheirhousesaresafe.ManyoutsidecountrieshaveofferedtohelpMorocco.Somecountrieshaveofferedteamsofexperts;othershaveofferedsupplies.8.WhatdoweknowabouttheearthquakeinMorocco?A.Itonlykilled2,680people. B.Itoccurredduringtheday.C.Itwasthedeadliestinrecentdecades. D.Itinjuredlessthan2,500people.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demolished”inparagraph2mean?A.Destroyed. B.Decorated. C.Protected. D.Constructed.10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Necessaryhelpfromothercountriesforthequake-hitarea.B.Thecurrentserioussituationfacedbypeopleindisasterareas.C.PossiblecausesoftheearthquakehappeninginMorocco.D.ReasonswhytheearthquakecausedsomuchdamageinMorocco.11.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph5?A.Rescueworkersinbigcitiesareinshortsupply.B.Villagersinthequake-hitareatrytosavethemselves.C.Mostofthehousesinremoteareasarereportedsafe.D.Rescueworkerscaneasilygetintouchwithmountainpeople.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞稿。文章講解并描述周五晚上，摩洛哥發(fā)生猛烈地震，造成2500多人死亡，大片地區(qū)遭遇巨大破壞?！?題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“It’salsothecountry’sdeadliestearthquakeinover60years.(這也是該國(guó)60多年來(lái)最致命的地震。)”可知，摩洛哥這次的地震是該國(guó)近幾十年來(lái)最致命的一次。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫(huà)線詞的句子“Buttheoldpartofthecity,Medina,washithard.Ithasbuildingsthatareover1,000yearsold.Manyofthosebuildingsweredemolished.(但城市的老城區(qū)Medina受到了沉重的打擊。它有超過(guò)1000年歷史的建筑。其中很多建筑被了。)”可推斷，畫(huà)線詞應(yīng)表示“摧毀”的意思，和destroyed意思最接近。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第四段“Manyofthepeopleinthearealiveinsimplehousesmadeofmudbricks,whichisatraditionalwayofbuildinginMorocco.Butit’snotstrongenoughtoprotectagainstearthquakes.(這個(gè)地區(qū)的很多人住在用泥磚建立的簡(jiǎn)陋的房子里。這是摩洛哥的傳統(tǒng)建筑方式。但它的強(qiáng)度不足以反抗地震。)”以及下文可推斷，本段主要講的是地震在摩洛哥造成如此大破壞的緣由。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段“Insomeareas,peoplehavebeendiggingthroughthebrokenstonesorbrickswiththeirhands,tryingtofindsurvivors.(在一些地區(qū)，人們始終在用手在碎石或磚塊中挖掘，試圖找到生還者。)”可推斷，地震災(zāi)區(qū)的村民試圖自救。故選B項(xiàng)。DThesameareawheretheWrightbrothersdevelopedthefirstairplanewillsoonseeelectricplanesthattakeoffandlandvertically(垂直地).Theplanes,called“flyingtaxis”willbeproducedunderanagreementbetweenthestateofOhioandJobyAviationatDaytonInternationalAirport.JobyAviationisa14-year-oldcompanythatwentpublicin2024andbecamethefirstelectricverticaltakeoffandlanding(eVTOL)firmtoreceiveaspecialkindofpermissionfromtheUSAirForce.ItsproductioneffortsaresupportedbypartnershipswithToyota,DeltaAirLines,IntelandUber.OhioGovernorMikeDeWinetoldTheAssociatedPress,“Whenyou’retalkingaboutairtaxis,that’sthefuture.”Developerssaytheplanesarenearingthedaywhentheywillprovideawaytomoveindividualpeopleorsmallgroupsfromthetopofbuildingsandparkingspacestotheirdestinations.Aroundtheworld,eVTOL.aircraftsorflyingtaxisarebecomingmorecommon.Still,questionsremainaboutnoiselevelsandchargingdemands.EngineersdesignedJoby’sproductionaircrafttotransportapilotandfourpassengersatthespeedofupto321.87kilometersperhour.Theaircraftcancoveradistanceofupto160.93kilometers.Itisaquietmachinethatcanbarelybeheardinmostcities,thecompanysaid.Theplanistoplacetheminaerialridesharingnetworksbeginningin2025.The$500millionprojectissupportedbyupto$325millioninpaymentsfromthestateofOhio.Withthemoney,JobyplanstobuildanOhiofacilitycapableofdeliveringupto500aircraftsayearandcreating2,000jobs.TheUSDepartmentofEnergyhasinvitedJobytoapplyforaloantosupportthedevelopmentofthefacilityasacleanenergyproject.JobyCEOJocBenBevirttoldtheAPthatthecompanychoseOhioafteralargeandcompetitivesearch.Ohio’sfinancialdealwasnotthelargest,butthechancetobringtheoperationtothebirthplaceofaviation—withaworkforceexperiencedinthefield—ledtothedeal,hesaid.12.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph2?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraph. B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation. D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.13.WhatisMikeDeWine’sattitudetowardairtaxis?A.Doubtful. B.Unconcerned. C.Unclear. D.Positive.14.WhatisanadvantageofJobyAviation’sflyingtaxi?A.Ithardlymakesanynoise. B.Itdoesn’tneedtobecharged.C.Itcarriesatmost6passengers. D.Itcoversadistanceof321.87km.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheLifeoftheWrightBrothers B.FlyingTaxistobeMadeinOhioC.ACompetitiveFutureforAircrafts D.TheDevelopmentofJobyAviation【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要介紹俄亥俄州與JobyAviation簽署協(xié)議，將在萊特兄弟獨(dú)創(chuàng)第一架飛機(jī)的地方生產(chǎn)“飛行出租車(chē)”——垂直起降的電動(dòng)飛機(jī)?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段“ThesameareawheretheWrightbrothersdevelopedthefirstairplanewillsoonseeelectricplanesthattakeoffandlandvertically(垂直地).Theplanes,called‘flyingtaxis’willbeproducedunderanagreementbetweenthestateofOhioandJobyAviationatDaytonInternationalAirport.(在萊特兄弟獨(dú)創(chuàng)第一架飛機(jī)的同一地區(qū)，很快就會(huì)看到垂直起降的電動(dòng)飛機(jī)。這種飛機(jī)被稱為‘飛行出租車(chē)’，將依據(jù)俄亥俄州和Joby航空公司在代頓國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)達(dá)成的協(xié)議生產(chǎn)。)”可知，被稱為‘飛行出租車(chē)’的垂直起降電動(dòng)飛機(jī)將依據(jù)俄亥俄州和Joby航空公司在代頓國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)達(dá)成的協(xié)議生產(chǎn)；其次段“JobyAviationisa14-year-oldcompanythatwentpublicin2024andbecamethefirstelectricverticaltakeoffandlanding(eVTOL)firmtoreceiveaspecialkindofpermissionfromtheUSAirForce.ItsproductioneffortsaresupportedbypartnershipswithToyota,DeltaAirLines,IntelandUber.(JobyAviation是一家有14年歷史的公司，于2024年上市，成為第一家獲得美國(guó)空軍特別許可的電動(dòng)垂直起降（eVTOL）公司。它的生產(chǎn)努力得到了豐田、達(dá)美航空、英特爾和優(yōu)步的合作支持。)”給讀者介紹了第一段中所提到的JobyAviation（Joby航空公司）；由此可知，在其次段中作者增加了一些背景學(xué)問(wèn)。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“OhioGovernorMikeDeWinetoldTheAssociatedPress,‘Whenyou’retalkingaboutairtaxis,that’sthefuture.’(俄亥俄州州長(zhǎng)邁克·德溫告知美聯(lián)社，‘當(dāng)你談?wù)摽罩谐鲎廛?chē)時(shí)，這就是將來(lái)?！?”，可知，邁克·德溫（MikeDeWine）認(rèn)為將來(lái)空中出租車(chē)有著很好的發(fā)展前景；由此可推斷，MikeDeWine對(duì)飛行出租車(chē)持確定看法。故選D?！?4題詳解】微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第六段中“Itisaquietmachinethatcanbarelybeheardinmostcities,thecompanysaid.(該公司表示，這是一款寧?kù)o的機(jī)器，在大多數(shù)城市幾乎聽(tīng)不到聲音。)”可知，JobyAviation公司生產(chǎn)的飛行出租車(chē)的一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)是幾乎沒(méi)有噪音。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段“ThesameareawheretheWrightbrothersdevelopedthefirstairplanewillsoonseeelectricplanesthattakeoffandlandvertically(垂直地).Theplanes,called‘flyingtaxis‘willbeproducedunderanagreementbetweenthestateofOhioandJobyAviationatDaytonInternationalAirport.(在萊特兄弟獨(dú)創(chuàng)第一架飛機(jī)的同一地區(qū)，很快就會(huì)看到垂直起降的電動(dòng)飛機(jī)。這些被稱為‘飛行出租車(chē)’的飛機(jī)將依據(jù)俄亥俄州和Joby航空公司在代頓國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)達(dá)成的協(xié)議生產(chǎn)。)”以及下文內(nèi)容可知本文主要講的是俄亥俄州與JobyAviation簽署協(xié)議，將在萊特兄弟家鄉(xiāng)生產(chǎn)“飛行出租車(chē)”；由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“FlyingTaxistobeMadeinOhio(俄亥俄州將制造飛行出租車(chē))”能夠概括本文主旨，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyou’renewinaschooloryouareshy,makingnewfriendsmightseemlikeachallenge.Luckily,youcanovercome(克服)thatchallengebyfollowingthetipsbelow.____16____.You’remorelikelytobefriendswithsomeoneifyouhavesomethingincommonwiththem.Trytofindclubsorgroupsbasedonyourfavoritehobbiesandthenjointhemtomeetlike-mindedpeople.Also,payattentiontopeoplewhospendtheirfreetimedoingthesamethingsyoulovetodo.Introduceyourselftonewpeoplewheneverpossible.____17____,itcanbeinvitingtojustsittherequietly,especiallyifyou’reshy.However,youandtheotherpersonwillbothbemorecomfortableafterasimpleintroduction.Makeeyecontactwiththeperson,smile,andtrytoseemwarmandrelaxedinsteadofnervousoranxious.____18____.Ifthereismusicplaying,forinstance,trysayingsomethinglike,“Ilovethissong,don’tyou?”Giveotherpeoplesomespace.____19____evenifthey’reyourfriends.Don’texpecttoomuchoftheirtimeandattention.Bethereforthemwhentheyneedyouandcontinuetoextendinvitations,butdon’tfeelupsetiftheyturnyoudownbecausetheyarebusyorneedsometimealone.Overcomeyourfearofrejection.Oneofthebiggestdifficultiestoreachoutandmakenewfriendsisthefearthatwewillnotbeaccepted.Trynottotakeitpersonallyifsomeonedoesnotacceptyourinvitation.Understandthattherejectionmayhavemoretodowithwhotheotherpersonisthanithastodowithyou.____20____.A.IfyoureallywanttofindnewfriendsB.SpendtimearoundpeoplewhoshowkindnessC.Whenyou’rearoundsomeoneyoudon’tknowD.LookforpeoplewhohavethesamehobbiesasyouE.KeepinmindthatotherpeoplehavetheirownlivestofocusonF.Then,breaktheicebytalkingaboutwhateverisgoingonaroundyouG.Keepsteppingoutandyouwillfinallyfindsomeonewhoistherightfriendforyou【答案】16.D17.C18.F19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。對(duì)于新來(lái)的學(xué)生或者很羞怯的人來(lái)說(shuō)，結(jié)交新?lián)从押孟袷且粋€(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，文章供應(yīng)了一些關(guān)于如何克服挑戰(zhàn)去結(jié)交新?lián)从训慕ㄗh。【16題詳解】分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知設(shè)空處為本段主旨句；依據(jù)下文“You’remorelikelytobefriendswithsomeoneifyouhavesomethingincommonwiththem.Trytofindclubsorgroupsbasedonyourfavoritehobbiesandthenjointhemtomeetlike-mindedpeople.Also,payattentiontopeoplewhospendtheirfreetimedoingthesamethingsyoulovetodo.(假如你和某人有共同點(diǎn)，你更有可能和他們成為摯友。試著依據(jù)你最寵愛(ài)的愛(ài)好找一些俱樂(lè)部或團(tuán)體，然后加入他們，結(jié)識(shí)志同道合的人。此外，要留意那些在業(yè)余時(shí)間做你寵愛(ài)做的事情的人。)”可知在本段中作者建議找尋和你自己有共同愛(ài)好的人，因?yàn)槟愀锌赡芎团c你有共同點(diǎn)的人成為摯友；D選項(xiàng)“Lookforpeoplewhohavethesamehobbiesasyou(找尋和你有相同愛(ài)好的人)”能夠概括本段主旨，適合作為主旨句。故選D?！?7題詳解】由段首句（主旨句）“Introduceyourselftonewpeoplewheneverpossible.(盡可能向新相識(shí)人介紹自己。)”可知本段建議與新相識(shí)的人在一起時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)盡可能向?qū)Ψ浇榻B自己；由下文“itcanbeinvitingtojustsittherequietly,especiallyifyou’reshy.(寧?kù)o地坐在那里是很吸引人的，尤其是假如你很羞怯的話。)”可知，此處闡述的是和新相識(shí)的人或以前不相識(shí)的人在一起時(shí)，尤其是羞怯的人更情愿寧?kù)o地坐在那里不說(shuō)話；C選項(xiàng)“Whenyou’rearoundsomeoneyoudon’tknow(當(dāng)你和一個(gè)不相識(shí)的人在一起時(shí))”符合語(yǔ)境，選項(xiàng)中的“someoneyoudon’tknow”與上文中“newpeople”表達(dá)的意思一樣。故選C?！?8題詳解】上文“Makeeyecontactwiththeperson,smile,andtrytoseemwarmandrelaxedinsteadofnervousoranxious.(與對(duì)方進(jìn)行眼神溝通，微笑，試著讓自己看起來(lái)溫溫煦放松，而不是驚惶或焦慮。)”指出與剛相識(shí)的人在一起時(shí)，可以首先通過(guò)眼神溝通和微笑讓自己看起來(lái)溫溫煦放松；F選項(xiàng)“Then,breaktheicebytalkingaboutwhateverisgoingonaroundyou(然后，通過(guò)談?wù)撃闼闹馨l(fā)生的事情來(lái)打破僵局)”承接上文，指出可以通過(guò)談?wù)撃闼闹馨l(fā)生的事情與新相識(shí)的人綻開(kāi)溝通；在下文“Ifthereismusicplaying,forinstance,trysayingsomethinglike,‘Ilovethissong,don’tyou?’(例如，假如正在播放音樂(lè)，你可以試著這樣說(shuō)：‘我寵愛(ài)這首歌，你呢?’)”中作者通過(guò)舉例來(lái)闡述如何通過(guò)周邊發(fā)生的事情與新相識(shí)的人綻開(kāi)閑聊；由此可知，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。【19題詳解】由主旨句“Giveotherpeoplesomespace.(給別人一些空間。)”可知本段建議給對(duì)方一些空間；結(jié)合空后“evenifthey’reyourfriends(即使他們是你的摯友)”以及下文“Don’texpecttoomuchoftheirtimeandattention.(不要期望他們花太多的時(shí)間和精力。)”可知，即使是摯友，也不要期望他們把太多時(shí)間和留意力放在你身上；E選項(xiàng)“Keepinmindthatotherpeoplehavetheirownlivestofocuson(記住，其他人有自己的生活要關(guān)注)”指出要記住其他人也有自己的生活，選項(xiàng)中的“otherpeoplehavetheirownlivestofocuson”說(shuō)明白要給別人一些空間以及不要期望摯友把太多時(shí)間和留意力放在你身上的緣由；由此可知，E選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?0題詳解】由上文“Overcomeyourfearofrejection.Oneofthebiggestdifficultiestoreachoutandmakenewfriendsisthefearthatwewillnotbeaccepted.Trynottotakeitpersonallyifsomeonedoesnotacceptyourinvitation.Understandthattherejectionmayhavemoretodowithwhotheotherpersonisthanithastodowithyou.(克服對(duì)拒絕的恐驚。結(jié)交新?lián)从训淖畲罄щy之一就是膽怯 我們不被接受。假如有人不接受你的邀請(qǐng)，不要太在意。要明白，被拒絕可能更多地是因?yàn)閷?duì)方是什么樣的人，而不是因?yàn)槟恪?”可知，結(jié)交新?lián)从褧r(shí)不要膽怯 被拒絕，要克服不被接受的恐驚，即使被拒絕可能也是由于對(duì)方的緣由，而不是因?yàn)槟?；由此可知，作者建議要英勇的去結(jié)識(shí)新?lián)从眩灰懬? 被拒絕；G選項(xiàng)“Keepsteppingoutandyouwillfinallyfindsomeonewhoistherightfriendforyou(堅(jiān)持走出去，你最終會(huì)找到那個(gè)適合你的摯友)”指出英勇走出去結(jié)交新?lián)从涯憔湍苷业竭m合自己的摯友，符合語(yǔ)境，選項(xiàng)中的“Keepsteppingout”與上文中的“Oneofthebiggestdifficultiestoreachout”相呼應(yīng)。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Acouple,TinaandJosh,visitingPensacolaBeachinFloridahadanunexpectedclosecontactwitha____21____shark.Whenthe10-footsharkmadeherwaysuddenlyfortheshore,theywere____22____themselvesonthebeach.Thecouple____23____contactedauthoritiestoletthemknowthesharkhadbeenwashed____24____.ThenJoshtookmattersintohisownhandsonceherealizedthesharkmayhavejust____25____apushbackintothewater.Followingacoupleof____26____attemptsonhisown,threeadditionalbeach-goers____27____tolendahand.The____28____sharkstruggledinanuncontrolledway.Atonepoint,itthrewthe____29____aside.Eventually,they___30___topullittodeeperwater.Afterafew____31____torecoverherenergy,theshark____32____,andtheothersontheshoregavethebravemenabigroundofapplause(掌聲).“Thanktheguysthat____33____me,”JoshtoldCNN.“Ifithadn’tbeenforthem,Iwouldn’thavebeenableto____34____her.Shewasabout500to600pounds.Ihopeeverybodyelsethatcomestobeachesandsees____35____likethatcanhelpthemout.”21.A.wounded B.harmful C.huge D.dead22.A.teaching B.relaxing C.controlling D.expressing23.A.closely B.illegally C.mostly D.immediately24.A.asleep B.around C.ashore D.abroad25.A.felt B.tried C.ignored D.needed26.A.meaningless B.unsuccessful C.misguided D.weak27.A.refused B.forgot C.preferred D.chose28.A.frightened B.excited C.calm D.small29.A.viewers B.professors C.rescuers D.hunters30.A.agreed B.managed C.happened D.seemed31.A.moments B.hours C.days D.weeks32.A.passedaway B.swamaway C.brokeaway D.walkedaway33.A.warned B.encouraged C.served D.helped34.A.move B.stop C.defeat D.find35.A.visitors B.plants C.animals D.waters【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.D26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.A32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了一對(duì)夫婦，蒂娜和喬希，在佛羅里達(dá)州的彭薩科拉海灘游玩時(shí)意外地與一只大鯊魚(yú)密切接觸。這只鯊魚(yú)在岸上擱淺了，最終在大家的幫助下，回到了海洋里?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一對(duì)夫婦，蒂娜和喬希，在佛羅里達(dá)州的彭薩科拉海灘游玩時(shí)意外地與一只大鯊魚(yú)密切接觸。A.wounded受傷的；B.harmful有害的；C.huge巨大的；D.dead死亡的。依據(jù)后文“the10-footshark”可知這只鯊魚(yú)很巨大。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)這條10英尺長(zhǎng)的鯊魚(yú)突然游向岸邊時(shí)，他們正在海灘上放松。A.teaching教學(xué)；B.relaxing放松；C.controlling限制；D.expressing表達(dá)。依據(jù)后文“themselvesonthebeach”可知，鯊魚(yú)突然游向岸邊時(shí)，他們正在海灘上放松。relaxoneself表示“放松自己”。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這對(duì)夫婦立即聯(lián)系了當(dāng)局，讓他們知道鯊魚(yú)被沖上岸了。A.closely細(xì)致地；B.illegally非法地；C.mostly多半；D.immediately立即。依據(jù)后文“contactedauthoritiestoletthemknowthesharkhadbeenwashed”可知，他們立即聯(lián)系了當(dāng)局，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這對(duì)夫婦立即聯(lián)系了當(dāng)局，讓他們知道鯊魚(yú)被沖上岸了。A.asleep睡著；B.around在四周；C.ashore在岸上；D.abroad在國(guó)外。依據(jù)后文“pushbackintothewater.”可知，鯊魚(yú)被沖上岸了。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)喬希意識(shí)到鯊魚(yú)可能只是須要被推回水里時(shí)，他就自己動(dòng)手了。A.felt感覺(jué)；B.tried嘗試；C.ignored忽視；D.needed須要。依據(jù)后文“apushbackintothewater”以及后文他們勝利把鯊魚(yú)推回水里，可知喬希意識(shí)到鯊魚(yú)可能只是須要被推回水里時(shí)，故選D?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在他自己嘗試了幾次失敗之后，又有三位海灘游客選擇伸出援手。A.meaningless無(wú)意義的；B.unsuccessful不勝利的；C.misguided被誤導(dǎo)的；D.weak虛弱的。依據(jù)后文“threeadditionalbeach-goers”提到了其他幫手，說(shuō)明前面幾次沒(méi)有勝利。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在他自己嘗試了幾次失敗之后，又有三位海灘游客選擇伸出援手。A.refused拒絕；B.forgot遺忘；C.preferred偏愛(ài)；D.chose選擇。依據(jù)后文“tolendahand”可知，又有三位海灘游客選擇伸出援手。choosetodosth.表示“選擇做某事”。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：受驚的鯊魚(yú)不受限制地掙扎著。A.frightened膽怯 的，受驚的；B.excited激烈的；C.calm寧?kù)o的；D.small小的。依據(jù)后文“sharkstruggledinanuncontrolledway”提到鯊魚(yú)在掙扎，因?yàn)槭荏@了。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它一度把救援人員扔到一邊。A.viewers觀眾；B.professors教授；C.rescuers救援者；D.hunters獵人。此處指救援鯊魚(yú)的人，被受驚的巨大的鯊魚(yú)扔到一邊，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，他們?cè)O(shè)法把它拉到更深的水里。A.agreed同意；B.managed設(shè)法；C.happened發(fā)生；D.seemed好像。依據(jù)后文“topullittodeeperwater”以及后文鯊魚(yú)游走了，說(shuō)明他們勝利把鯊魚(yú)拉到了更深的水里。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，鯊魚(yú)復(fù)原了體力，就游走了，岸上其他人給了這些英勇的人熱忱的掌聲。A.moments時(shí)刻；B.hours小時(shí)；C.days天；D.weeks周。依據(jù)后文“torecoverherenergy”可知，鯊魚(yú)須要片刻時(shí)間來(lái)復(fù)原體力。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，鯊魚(yú)復(fù)原了體力，就游走了，岸上的其他人給了這些英勇的人熱忱的掌聲。A.passedaway去世；B.swamaway游走；C.brokeaway脫離；D.walkedaway走開(kāi)。依據(jù)后文“theothersontheshoregavethebravemenabigroundofapplause.”可知，鯊魚(yú)得救