2025版高考英語一輪總復習必修第一冊Unit3SportsandFitness提能訓練

Unit3SportsandFitnessⅠ.閱讀理解A(2024·濟南市學情檢測)Ifyoualwayssitindoorsfortoolong,puttingonweightmaybecomeatrouble.Tiredofallthatfat?Ifso,thesesportscanhelpyouburnthemostcalories.Running“Runningisoneofthebestcalorieburnersoutthere,”qualifiedpersonaltrainerDanielSaltossays.Anaveragepersoncanburnanywherefrom500to1,000caloriesinonehourofrunning.“Speed,pace,andtoleranceareallfactorsthatcanimpactthisrange.Butrunninguseseverymusclegroupinthebody,allowingyoutoburnmorecalories.”Swimming“Swimmingisaworkoutthatproducesthelowestimpactonbodywhileitstillcanburn500to600caloriesinjust30minutes，”Saltossays.Swimmingalsoimproveshearthealthandincreasesstrength—allgreatreasonsforplayinginthewater.BoxingNotonlyisboxingagreatwaytoreleaseenergy,butitalsohelpsimprovebalance,buildsuptoleranceandstrengthenstheupperbodyandcore.“Boxinghelpsyougetagoodcalorieburn,too,withtheaveragepersonburningup400to800caloriesinaone-hoursession，”Saltossays.RowingThepushingandpullingmotionofrowingmachinestargetsmultiplemusclegroupsincludingthearms,core,andback,helpingyoutoburnmorecalories.“Anhourofrowingwillburn400to600caloriesonaverage，”Saltossays.語篇導讀：文章介紹了跑步、游泳、拳擊和劃船這四項可以燃燒最多卡路里的運動。1．Whichsportcanburnthemostcaloriesperhour?CA．Boxing. B．Running.C．Swimming. D．Rowing.解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據“Running”部分中的“from500to1,000caloriesinonehourofrunning”“Swimming”部分中的“500to600caloriesinjust30minutes”，“Boxing”部分中的“400to800caloriesinaone-hoursession”和“Rowing”部分中的“Anhourofrowingwillburn400to600caloriesonaverage”可知，游泳每小時燃燒1000—1200卡，是四項運動中燃燒卡路里最多的。故選C。2．Whatistheadvantageofswimmingaccordingtothetext?CA．Itenhancesbalance.B．Itimprovestolerance.C．Itproduceslowimpact.D．Itbuildsmusclegroups.解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據“Swimming”部分中的“Swimmingisaworkoutthatproducesthelowestimpactonbody”可知，游泳是一種對身體影響最小的體育運動，即游泳的好處為影響最小。故選C。3．Whoisthetextintendedfor?DA．Greatathletes. B．Fitnessexperts.C．Sportsreporters. D．Overweightpersons.解析：推理推斷題。依據第一段中的“Ifyoualwayssitindoorsfortoolong,puttingonweightmaybecomeatrouble.Tiredofallthatfat？”可知，本篇文章是寫給體重超標者的。故選D。B(2024·安徽省十校聯(lián)盟開學考)At18,IcompetedinmyfirstmarathoninDublin,Ireland.Atthattime,Iwasanexcellent400-meterrunnerathighschool,butgotitintomyheadthatIshouldtrythelongerdistancetoprovethatIwasreallygoodatrunning—andwhat'sbetterthanthemarathon.Backthen,therunningcrazehadn'tquiteheateduptothepointithastodayandrunningamarathonwasunknowntomostpeople.Besides,Ineverknewanyonewhohadactuallyrunamarathon.OnthewayfromEnglandtoDublin,IwaswonderingwhatIwasgettingmyselfintwodayslaterwhentheracewouldbegin.Itriedtogetsomesleeptoeasemynerves,butIfoundithard.Theracedaywassomewhatcloudy,butthewarmthofthepeopleforcedawaytheclouds.Mylimitedmemoriesfromthatfirstraceremain:thefeelingofrunningthroughatunnel(隧道)ofpeopleasthecrowdslinedbesidethestreets;thecheersfromthecrowdsasthenewscamethatanIrishmanhadwontherace;what'simportant,theunbelievablekindnessofthecrowdscheeringmeonasIhitthewallandtriedtostrugglethrough.Eventually,Ididn'tgettheprize,butInevergaveupandregardeditasasuccessbecauseIchallengedmyself.Aftermyfirstmarathon,Istartedawebsitebasedonmyloveforrunning.Whetheryou'reanexperiencedmarathonerorjustaninterestedpasser-by,Iinviteyoutoparticipateinthewebsiteandmakeityourhome.Runnersandparticularlymarathonersseemtosharecommonideals.They'repartofaglobalteamandaglobalcommunity.語篇導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了作者第一次參加馬拉松競賽的閱歷。4．Whydidtheauthortakepartinhisfirstmarathon?AA．Toshowhistalentforrunning.B．Towinaprizeinalonger-distancerace.C．Toattractthepublic'sattentiontorunning.D．Toexpresshispreferencefor400-meterrunning.解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第一段其次句“Atthattime,Iwasanexcellent400-meterrunnerathighschool,butgotitintomyheadthatIshouldtrythelongerdistancetoprovethatIwasreallygoodatrunning—andwhat'sbetterthanthemarathon.”可知，作者認為參加馬拉松競賽是一個展示自己的跑步天賦的好機會。故選A。5．Whatimpressedtheauthordeeplyduringhisfirstmarathon?DA．Hehitthewallandtriedtostrugglethrough.B．Heranthroughatunnelwithotherracers.C．Henearlygotlostduetothecloudyweather.D．Hereceivedlotsofencouragementfromthecrowds.解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第四段第一、二句“Theracedaywassomewhatcloudy,butthewarmthofthepeopleforcedawaytheclouds.Mylimitedmemoriesfromthatfirstraceremain...what'simportant,theunbelievablekindnessofthecrowdscheeringmeonasIhitthewallandtriedtostrugglethrough.”可知，對于作者來說重要的是，當精疲力竭卻仍努力堅持時，人群為他歡呼；由此可知，觀眾對作者的熱忱激勵讓他印象深刻。文中的“what'simportant”與題干中的“impressed”相呼應。故選D。6．Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor'swebsite?AA．Itaimstohelpuniterunninglovers.B．Ithasattractedlargenumbersofparticipants.C．Itattachesgreatimportancetocommunityspirit.D．Itwassetupmainlyforexperiencedmarathoners.解析：推理推斷題。依據最終一段其次句“Whetheryou'reanexperiencedmarathonerorjustaninterestedpasser-by,Iinviteyoutoparticipateinthewebsiteandmakeityourhome.”可知，作者創(chuàng)建網站旨在為對跑步感愛好的人供應一個聯(lián)系的平臺，即團結跑步愛好者。故選A。7．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?BA．AGoodMarathonRunnerB．MyUnforgettableFirstMarathonC．StartingaWebsiteforRunnersD．BeingBravetoChallengeOurselves解析：標題歸納題。依據第一段第一句“At18，IcompetedinmyfirstmarathoninDublin,Ireland.”和最終一段第一句“Aftermyfirstmarathon,Istartedawebsitebasedonmyloveforrunning.”可知，本文主要講解并描述了作者第一次參加馬拉松競賽的故事。故選B。C(2024·湖南省長沙市適應性考試)Allhumansocietiesplaygames.Kickingaballcanbefoundeverywherewhetherjustaballofcloth,oraskinstuffedwithfeathersorair.Butcomplexgamesandteamsportshavetendedtoariseinbigcivilizations—thehighertheculturallevelofasociety,thegreaterthecomplexityofinteraction,andhenceperhapsthemorecomplextheformsofsports.Thisisnotalwaysthecase.TheancientGreeks,forexample,preferredindividualnotteamsports.ButinChinaforwellover2,000years,peopleplayedthegameof“kickball”—cuju.Thememberswereoftenyoungmenfromwealthyfamiliesthoughtherewerealsoprofessionalkickballers,whomyoucouldstickwithinyourteamassleepers.Cujuwasplayedasentertainmentatcourtbanquetsorthereceptionofforeignambassadors.Evenemperorsplayedkickball.Asyou'dexpectinaConfuciansociety,kickballclubswerekeenonthekeyqualitiesofmercyandcourtesy.Agreatplayerwasonewhoshowed“thespiritofthegame”．The“TenEssentialsofKickball”includedrespectforotherplayers,politebehaviorandteamspirit.Therewastobenoungentlemanlybehavior,nodangerousplay,andnohogging(獨占)theball.Inotherwords,asweusedtosay,“Playupandplaythegame.”WhatacontrastwiththeancientGreekathleticswhereonlyvictorycountedandifthatneededgamesmanship,orcruelprofessionalfouls(犯規(guī)),thensobeit!Asawayofnationalcultureprotection,cujuwaslistedintothefirstbatchofChina'sIntangibleCulturalHeritage(非物質文化遺產)in2006.語篇導讀：本文主要介紹了中國古代的蹴鞠運動及其特點。8．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“stuffedwith”meaninParagraph1?AA．Filledwith. B．Decoratedwith.C．Surroundedwith. D．Coveredwith.解析：詞義揣測題。由畫線短語所在句“Kickingaballcanbefoundeverywherewhetherjustaballofcloth,oraskinstuffedwithfeathersorair.”可知，此處表示在世界的每一個角落都能看到踢球這一運動，然后提出了幾種球的類型。結合常識可知，此處表示用羽毛或空氣填充的球，A項與畫線短語意思最為接近。故選A。9．Whatprobablycontributestothecomplicatedgames?DA．Teams. B．Interaction.C．Society. D．Civilizations.解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。結合其次段中的“Butcomplexgamesandteamsportshavetendedtoariseinbigcivilizations”可知，困難的游戲和團隊運動往往在浩大的文明中出現(xiàn)，由此可知，是文明促進了困難游戲的誕生。故選D。10．Whowerethemajormembersinacujuteamaccordingtothetext?BA．Sleepers. B．Therichyoungmen.C．Emperors. D．Theprofessionalathletes.解析：微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。結合第三段中的“Thememberswereoftenyoungmenfromwealthyfamilies”可知，蹴鞠隊的成員通常是來自富有家庭的年輕男子。故選B。11．Whatisthefifthparagraphmainlyabout?DA．Kickball'spopularity.B．Kickball'sdevelopment.C．Kickball'simportance.D．Kickball'scharacteristics.解析：主旨大意題。依據第五段內容，特殊是“thekeyqualitiesofmercyandcourtesy,‘thespiritofthegame’，‘TenEssentialsofKickball’”等關鍵信息可知，本段重點講解并描述了在古代蹴鞠運動的特點。故選D。Ⅱ.七選五(2024·九省聯(lián)考適應性測試)CommonMistakesNewRunnersMakeRunningisagreatwaytogetinshapeandjustabouteveryonecandoit.However,manymakeanumberofcommonmistakes,whichcaninterfere(阻礙)withtrainingorleadtoinjury.1.B,keepthesethingsinmindtohelpyouincreaseyourchancesofrunningsuccess.·DoingtoomuchtoosoonOneofthebiggestmistakesnewrunnersmakeisdoingtoomuchtoosoon.Slowlyeasingintoatrainingprogramwillhelpreducetheriskofinjury,soyoucancontinueonwithyournewrunningroutine.2.G.·3.ABeginnersmightthinktheyneedtoruneveryday(ornearlyeveryday)tomeettheirfitnessorweight-lossgoals,butthiscouldn'tbefurtherfromthetruth.Runningisahigh-impactactivitywhichcanbereallyhardonyourbody.Soit'simportanttogiveyourbodyarestbetweenworkouts.·Notwearingtherightequipment4.F,it'simportantthatyouwearproperlyforyourworkouts.Themostimportantpieceofequipmentforrunningisagoodpairofrunningshoes,sobesuretodosomeresearchbeforeyoupurchaseapair.Visitarunningspecialtystoreandaskanemployeetofityouforashoe.·Runningthroughpain5.D.Ifsomethinghurtswhenyourun,youneedtostopandtreatthepain.Remember：Itdoesn'tmakeyoulessofarunnerifyoulistentoyourbodytokeepithealthy.A．NottakingrestdaysB．Ifyou'rejuststartingoutC．ComparingyourselftoothersD．RunningcanbeuncomfortableattimesE．It'simportantnottousethesamemusclesF．Whileitmaybetruethatyoudon'tneedexpensiveequipmenttotakeuprunningG．Expertssuggestincreasingyourrunningdistancebynomorethan10%eachweek語篇導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了新手跑步者常犯的錯誤。解析：1．B上文“Runningisagreatwaytogetinshapeandjustabouteveryonecandoit.However,manymakeanumberofcommonmistakes,whichcaninterfere(阻礙)withtrainingorleadtoinjury.(跑步是保持體形的好方法，幾乎每個人都可以做到。然而，許多人會犯一些常見的錯誤，這些錯誤可能會干擾訓練或導致受傷。)”指出跑步時有些人會犯一些常見的錯誤，這些錯誤可能會干擾訓練或導致受傷，由本段標題“CommonMistakesNewRunnersMake(新跑步者常犯的錯誤)”可知，本文主要指出新跑步者會犯的錯誤，依據下文“keepthesethingsinmindtohelpyouincreaseyourchancesofrunningsuccess.(記住這些事情可以幫助您增加跑步成功的機會。)”可知，空處是狀語從句，B項“假如你剛剛起先”符合，是下文的條件，同時也符合主題，即假如你是新跑步者，本文的建議會幫助你增加成功跑步的機會。故選B。2．G上文“Oneofthebiggestmistakesnewrunnersmakeisdoingtoomuchtoosoon.Slowlyeasingintoatrainingprogramwillhelpreducetheriskofinjury,soyoucancontinueonwithyournewrunningroutine.(新跑步者犯的最大錯誤之一就是跑得太多太快。慢慢地進入訓練支配將有助于降低受傷風險，這樣您就可以接著新的跑步習慣。)”指出剛起先跑步的人會跑得太快，所以要慢慢進入訓練，不要跑太多太快，G項“專家建議每周增加跑步距離不超過10%”符合，指出不要跑太多。故選G。3．A此處是本段小標題，即新手跑步者常犯的錯誤之一，依據下文“Beginnersmightthinktheyneedtoruneveryday(ornearlyeveryday)tomeettheirfitnessorweight-lossgoals,butthiscouldn'tbefurtherfromthetruth.Runningisahigh-impactactivitywhichcanbereallyhardonyourbody.Soit'simportanttogiveyourbodyarestbetweenworkouts.(初學者可能認為他們須要每天(或幾乎每天)跑步才能達到健身或減肥目標，但這與事實相差甚遠。跑步是一項高影響力的活動，對您的身體來說的確很困難。因此，在熬煉之間讓身體休息很重要。)”可知，新手跑步者不休息，A項“沒有休息日”符合。故選A。4．F依據本段標題“Notwearingtherightequipment(沒有佩戴合適的裝備)”可知，本段主要介紹了新手跑步者常犯的錯誤之一是沒有佩戴合適的裝備，下文“it'simportantthatyouwearproperlyforyourworkouts.(熬煉時正確穿著很重要。)”強調跑步時正確穿著很重要，空處也應與“佩戴合適的裝備”有關，F(xiàn)項“雖然你可能的確不須要昂貴的設備來起先跑步”符合，其中“equipment”呼應標題中的“therightequipment”，雖然你可能的確不須要昂貴的設備來起先跑步，但是熬煉時正確穿著很重要。故選F。5．D下文“Ifsomethinghurtswhenyourun,youneedtostopandtreatthepain.(假如跑步時感到難過，則須要停下來治療難過。)”指出跑步時假如感到難過，應當停下來，這說明有時候跑步會讓人感到難過，D項“跑步有時會感到不舒適”符合，引起下文，下文介紹了感到難過時該如何做。故選D。Ⅲ.語法填空(2024·湖北省七市調測)Youalreadyknowthefactthatregularexerciseisimportantforcontrollingweightand1.avoiding(avoid)avarietyofhealthconditions.Butitcanalsoimproveyouracademic2.performance(perform)．And,ifyou'readistance-learningstudent,youmaymissoutonsomeoftheopportunitiesforphysicalactivityaffordedtomoretraditionalstudentswhoroutinelywalkaroundcampus.Butit'swellworththeeffort3.toput(put)thescheduleexerciseintopractice.Thestudy,which4.waspublished(publish)inajournal,describesphysicalactivityas5.avigorousmovementthatproducessweatandheavybreathing.MikeMcKenziefoundthatstudentswhostudiedoverthreehoursperdaywere3.5times6.morelikely(likely)tobeexercisers.Overadecadeago,McKenzie7.said(say)researchersdiscoveredalink8.betweenexerciseandfocusinchildren.Morerecently,anotherstudybyJohnsonrevealsthatevenshort“microbursts”ofphysicalactivitythroughoutthedaycanhavepositiveeffects.Jennifertellsthatsittingforlongperiodsoftime,9.which/ascollegestudentstendtodo,canhaveanegativehealtheffect.Inaddition,thestudyfoundthatfive-minuteboutsofwalkingeveryhourhadapositiveimpactonmood,tiredness,andhungerattheendofaday.Thismaybe10.particularly(particular)beneficialtostudentswhoalsoworkafull-timejobandstudyintheeveningandnighttimehours.語篇導讀：本篇文章主要介紹了有規(guī)律的