Unit+3+The+world+of+Science+Starting+out+ Understanding+ideas+詞匯課件 高一英語外研版（2019）必修第三冊

Unit

3

The

world

of

scienceStarting

out

&

Understanding

ideas1.

press

v.按；壓；推；擠；催促

n.出版社；報刊；新聞界

＊pressure

n.壓力（P25）Presently

I

am

going

to

press

the

lever,and

off

the

machine

will

go.現(xiàn)在我要按一下操縱桿,機(jī)器就開動了。拓展press

on

繼續(xù)前進(jìn)press

sb

to

do

sth

催促某人做某事the

local/national/foreign

press

地方/全國/外國報刊佳句Press

these

two

keys

to

switch

between

documents

on

screen.按這兩個鍵就可以在屏幕上的文件之間進(jìn)行切換。Ⅰ.單句填空（1）If________

（press）,he

will

admit

that

he

knew

about

the

affair.pressed（2）She________

（press）

her

face

against

the

window

but

saw

nothing

outside.pressed（3）This

smart

keyboard

precisely

measures

the

cadence

with

which

one

types

and

the

________

（press）

fingers

apply

to

each

key.pressure（4）We'll

talk

about

your

suggestion

later—now

let's

just

press

____.onⅡ.單句寫作（5）If

trapped

in

the

elevator,

please

_________________________

immediately.

如果被困在電梯里,

請立即按緊急按鈕。press

the

emergency

button（6）I

don't

want

to

___________________

to

make

a

decision,

but

we

don't

have

much

time

left.我不想給你施加壓力讓你做出決定，但我們剩下的時間不多了。put

pressure

on

you2.

shoot

v.（shot，shot）射出（光、亮等）；放射；射擊；射中；拍攝；射門；投籃

＊shooting

n.射擊；槍殺；拍攝（P25）A

faint

blue

light

shot

across

it,darkening

to

purple,and

presently

she

could

see

the

image

of

her

son...一道微弱的藍(lán)光射過它,變暗成紫色,不久她就看到了她兒子的影像……拓展shoot

up

迅速長高；迅速上升shoot

at

朝……射擊熟詞生義shoot

n.芽；苗；嫩枝；（照片或電影的）拍攝Two

weeks

after

we

planted

the

seeds,

little

green

shoots

started

to

appear.我們播下種子兩周后，綠色的小嫩芽就開始長出來了。I

went

on

a

photo

shoot

to

Rio

with

him.

我和他一起去里約拍照了。寫出下列句中shoot的含義（1）Suddenly,a

beam

of

yellow

light

shot

across

the

room.______射出（2）The

police

had

orders

to

shoot

anyone

who

attacked

them.______射擊（3）Spielberg's

career

really

took

off

when

he

began

to

shoot

his

short

films.______拍攝（4）He

missed

a

great

opportunity

to

shoot

at

goal.______射門3.

invention

n.發(fā)明；創(chuàng)意；創(chuàng)造

＊invent

v.發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造；虛構(gòu)

＊inventor

n.發(fā)明家；創(chuàng)造者；發(fā)明者

＊inventive

adj.善于創(chuàng)新的；有創(chuàng)造力的（P26）Read

the

interview

and

find

out

what

inventions

are

mentioned.閱讀這則采訪,找出文中提到了什么發(fā)明。拓展a

patent

on/of

an

invention

一項(xiàng)發(fā)明專利權(quán)be

inventive

with...在……有創(chuàng)造力佳句Papermaking

was

a

wonderful

invention

at

the

time.造紙術(shù)在當(dāng)時是一項(xiàng)了不起的發(fā)明。Ⅰ.單句填空（1）We

really

don't

know

who

_________（invent）

the

machine

at

that

time.invented（2）The_________

（invent）

boy

was

admired

by

the

classmates

around

him.inventiveⅡ.單句寫作（3）The

little

problems

that

we

meet

in

our

daily

lives

may

be

_____________________________.

我們在日常生活中遇到的小麻煩有可能成為偉大發(fā)明的靈感。inspirations

for

great

inventions4.

flexible

adj.易彎曲的；柔韌的；靈活的；有彈性的

＊flexibility

n.柔韌性；靈活性

＊flexibly

adv.易曲地；柔軟地；靈活地

＊inflexible

adj.缺乏彈性的；僵化的（P26）For

example，advances

in

virtual

reality

and

wearable

tech，as

well

as

the

flexible

battery，mean

we

should

soon

be

seeing

further

developments.

例如,虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)、可穿戴技術(shù)以及軟性電池的進(jìn)步,意味著我們很快就會看到進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展。拓展flexible

working

hours

彈性工作時間be

flexible

in

...

在……方面很靈活be

inflexible

on

...

在……方面很頑固佳句You

need

to

be

more

flexible

and

imaginative

in

your

approach.

你的方法必須更加靈活，更富有想象力。單句填空（1）How

to

face

all

kinds

of

members

intelligently

and

________

（flexible）?flexibly（2）The

age

limit

for

new

members

may

be

handled

with

great

__________

（flexible）.flexibility5.

desire

n.渴望；欲望；愿望

v.渴望；希望（P27）But

what

remains

important

is

that

we

have

an

incredible

desire

to

think

and

create,and

that's

the

real

spirit

of

invention.但仍然重要的是,我們有一種難以置信的去思考和創(chuàng)造的欲望,這才是真正的發(fā)明精神。拓展have

a

strong

desire

to

do/for

sth

迫切想要做某事/急于想得到某物desire

to

do

sth

渴望做某事desire

sb

to

do

sth

想要某人做某事佳句Disabled

people

desire

to

live

a

normal

life.

In

other

words，they

want

to

live

as

well

as

ordinary

people

do.殘疾人渴望過正常的生活。換句話說，他們想跟普通人生活得一樣好。Ⅰ.單句填空（1）I

had

a

strong

desire________

（help）

and

care

for

people.to

help（2）We

all

have

a

strong

desire____happiness

and

health.for（3）She

was

tired

of

the

humdrum（單調(diào)的）

life

in

the

countryside

and

desired______

（go）

out.to

goⅡ.一句多譯（4）每個人都渴望成功,而成功只屬于努力的人?！鶨veryone

_______________success

while

success

only

belongs

to

the

hard-working

people.（desire

n.）→Everyone_________________

while

success

only

belongs

to

the

hard-working

people.（desire

v.）has

a

desire

fordesires

to

succeed6.

think

of

考慮；想起；想出（P26）Think

of

the

four

great

inventions

in

Ancient

China：gunpowder，papermaking，printing

and

the

compass.想想中國古代的四大發(fā)明：火藥、造紙術(shù)、印刷術(shù)和指南針。拓展think

of...as...把……當(dāng)作……think

highly/well/much

of

對……評價高think

little/poorly

of

對……評價低think

about

思考；考慮think...over

認(rèn)真思考；仔細(xì)考慮think

twice

三思；重新考慮think

up

想出；設(shè)計出佳句Who

can

think

of

a

situation

where

this

phrase

can

be

used?誰能想出這個短語在哪種情景下可以使用？I

like

to

think

of

myself

as

a

free

spirit.

我喜歡把自己看成一個無拘無束的人。單句填空（1）Please

think

the

plan_____and

let

me

know

your

decision.over（2）We

must

think____a

plan

for

developing

the

business.up（3）His

heroic

behavior

was

highly

thought

___

by

people.of（4）Today，when

I

think___my

friend，I

remember

his

smiling

face.of7.

in

addition

除此之外；另外（P27）In

addition,

important

advances

have

been

made

in

medicine

and

environmental

science

thanks

to

increasing

computer

power.

此外,由于計算機(jī)性能的不斷提高,醫(yī)學(xué)和環(huán)境科學(xué)也取得了重大進(jìn)展。拓展in

addition

to（=as

well

as=besides）

除……之外；還……except（=but）

除……外（其余都）apart

from（=except/besides）

除……之外佳句Bicycling

is

good

exercise；

in

addition，it

does

not

pollute

the

air.騎自行車是很好的鍛煉；此外，它不會污染空氣。點(diǎn)撥in

addition

to

中的to是介詞,因此用in

addition

to

doing

sth,而不是in

addition

to

do

sth。一句多譯他不僅給了我一些忠告,而且還給了我一些錢?！鷂____________giving

me

some

advice,

he

gave

me

some

money.→He

gave

me

some

money

__________some

advice.In

addition

toas

well

as8.

in

terms

of

就……而言；在……方面；依……（P27）In

terms

of

the

environment,it

is

now

possible

to

create

an

intelligent

walking

house.

就環(huán)境而言,現(xiàn)在有可能創(chuàng)造一個智能步行屋。拓展（be）

on

good

terms

with

sb

與某人關(guān)系很好in

the

long

term

從長遠(yuǎn)來看in

the

short

term

就眼前來說佳句In

the

short

term，

we

should

study

hard

every

day，

while

in

the

long

term，

we

should

attach

importance

to

our

social

skills

and

our

study

at

the

same

time.

In

terms

of

our

dream,we

should

pay

attention

to

every

step

on

our

way

to

success.

As

far

as

possible,be

on

good

terms

with

all

the

people

around

you.

從短期來看,我們每天應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí),而從長遠(yuǎn)來看,我們應(yīng)該同時重視社交能力和學(xué)習(xí)。就夢想而言,我們應(yīng)該注意成功道路上的每一步。盡可能同你周圍的所有人保持良好的關(guān)系。單句寫作（1）___________money,

he's

quite

rich,

but

not

in

terms

of

happiness.

就金錢而言他很富有；但就幸福而言便不是了。In

terms

of（2）Whether

you

are

___________________your

classmates

will

affect

your

mood.

和同學(xué)關(guān)系是否融洽將會影響你的心情。on

good

terms

with（3）________________,

the

project

will

advance

the

development

of

the

economy.從長遠(yuǎn)來看,這項(xiàng)工程會促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。In

the

long

term9.

be

capable

of

有能力（做某事）（P27）It

is

capable

of

using

GPS

technology

to

travel

to

different

places,

with

computing

technology

controlling

its

“l(fā)egs”.用計算機(jī)技術(shù)控制著它的“腿”,它可以使用全球定位系統(tǒng)技術(shù)四處移動。拓展have

the

capability

to

do/of

doing

sth

有能力做某事lose

the

capability

to

do/of

doing

sth

失去做某事的能力be

incapable

of

doing

sth

沒有能力做某事佳句A

planet

would

have

to

be

a

very

long

way

from

it

to

be

capable

of

supporting

life.一顆行星必須離它很遠(yuǎn)才能維持生命。At

present,

there

is

no

telescope

in

existence

that

is

capable

of

detecting

the

presence

of

life.目前,還沒有一臺現(xiàn)存的望遠(yuǎn)鏡能夠探測到生命的存在。單句填空（1）Age

affects

the

range

of

a

person's

___________（capable）.capabilities（2）He's

quite

capable

of

______（lie）

to

get

out

of

trouble.lying（3）I'm

perfectly

capable

___doing

it

myself,

thank

you.of（4）They

have

the

capability

__________（destroy）

the

enemy

in

days

rather

than

weeks.to

destroy10.

it作形式主語（P26）It's

a

pleasure

to

be

here.我很高興來到這里。拓展本句中It為形式主語,真正的主語是to

be

here。it作形式主語的常見句型:（1）It

is+

adj.+

（for/of

sb）

to

do

sth（2）It

is

no

good/use+doing

sth（3）It

is

+adj./n.

+

that從句（4）It

takes

sb

+時間+to

do

sth單句填空（1）It

___________（report）

that

a

lot

of

people

lost

their

jobs

in

the

city

last

month.is

reported（2）It's

worthwhile

________（work）

the

whole

night

on

the

problem.working（3）It

took

me

a

week

_________（finish）

reading

the

book.to

finish（4）It's

_________（importance）

for

us

to

keep

the

water

clean.important11.

“with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)（P27）

It

is

capable

of

using

GPS

technology

to

travel

to

different

places,

with

computing

technology

controlling

its

“l(fā)egs”.用計算機(jī)技術(shù)控制著它的“腿”,它可以使用全球定位系統(tǒng)技術(shù)四處移動。拓展句中的with

computing

technology

controlling

its

“l(fā)egs”是“with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),句中動詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)既可用作狀語,表示原因、方式或伴隨等,也可用作定語。常見的with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)主要有以下幾種形式:（1）with+賓語+動詞-ing形式（2）with+賓語+動詞-ed形式（3）with+賓語+動詞不定式（4）with+賓語+介詞短語（5）with+賓語+形容詞/副詞單句寫作（1）With

_______________the

way,

we

had

no

trouble

in

getting

to

the

station.

由這個男孩帶路,我們毫不費(fèi)力地到達(dá)了火車站。the

boy

leading（2）The

child

was

crying

______________________.

由于眼鏡破了,那孩子哭了起來。with

the

glasses

broken（3）With

___________________,

we

had

to

be

busy

working

day

and

night.

有許多的工作要做,我們只得日夜忙碌。a

lot

of

work

to

do（4）The

teacher

entered

the

classroom

with__________________.

老師手里拿著一本書走進(jìn)了教室。a

book

in

his

hand（5）Don't

sleep

with

__________________________.

不要開著門和窗睡覺。the

door

and

windows

open12.

as引導(dǎo)定語從句（P27）But，as

they

say，“Never

say

never！”但是,正如人們所說,“別輕易說決不!”拓展本句中as

they

say為as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，as在從句中作動詞say的賓語。as引導(dǎo)定語從句的用法：（1）as既可指人，也可指物，在定語從句中可以作主語或賓語。（2）as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，先行詞一般為整個主句，從句可以位于句首、句中和句末；而which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，先行詞既可以是整個主句又可以是主句的一部分，從句只能位于先行詞之后。（3）as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時常被譯為“正如”，多用于固定搭配中：as

is

often

the

case、as

was

expected、as

often

happens、as

is

known

to

all、as

has

been

said

before、as

is

mentioned

above等。而which

常被譯為“這……；那……”。As

we

know，smoking

is

harmful

to

people's

health.眾所周知，吸煙對人的健康有害。She

is

always

working

hard，as

everyone

can

see.正如大家所看到的那樣，她一直努力工作。The

book，which

I

bought

yesterday，is

very

instructive.我昨天買的這本書很有教育意義。Ⅰ.單句填空（1）Tom

was

always

late

for

school，_______

made

his

teacher

very

angry.which（2）The

number

of

smokers，___

is

reported，has

dropped

by

17

percent

in

just

one

year.asⅡ.單句寫作（3）____________________________，he

is

quite

pleased.從他臉上的表情可以看出來，他非常高興。As

can

be

seen

from

his

face（4）__________________，oceans

cover

more

than

70%

of

the

Earth.眾所周知，地球表面70%以上是由海洋覆蓋。As

is

known

to

all拓展單詞1.______v.按→________n.壓力；壓迫presspressure2._________v.計算→_________n.計算機(jī)computecomputer3.__________adj.重要的；影響深遠(yuǎn)的→___________n.意義；重要性→____________adv.意味深長地；顯著地significantsignificancesignificantly4.______v.使受傷；傷害→______n.傷害；損傷；受傷處→_______adj.受傷的injureinjuryinjured5.______n.起源；起因→________adj.原來的；最初的→_________adv.最初；原先originoriginaloriginally6.___________n.聲明；宣告→_______v.宣布declarationdeclare7.________adv.完全地；徹底地→______adj.全部的；整個的entirelyentire即時檢測1.virtual

reality__________虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)2._____________可穿戴技術(shù)wearable

tech3.___addition除此之外；另外in4.never

say

never______________別輕易說決不5._______________自然選擇natural

selection6.field

research____________________實(shí)地研究；實(shí)地調(diào)研7.think

of

____________想起；考慮8.as

well

___以及；和；和……一樣as即時檢測9.in

terms

___就……而言；在……方面of10.work

as

______________擔(dān)任……工作11.instead

___代替；而不是of12.be

attached

to____________________附屬于；粘上；附上13.look

____尋找for14.in

order

to______為了15.__________發(fā)生；進(jìn)行；舉行take

place16.come

up

_____提出；想出；趕上with即時檢測Ⅰ.單句填空1.The

small

box

was

flattened

by

the

________（press）

of

the

heavy

book

on

it.pressure2.The

___________（significant）

for

college

students

of

doing

a

part-time

job

means

more

than

money

and

experience.significance3.Many

buildings

on

the

campus

are

his

________（origin）

creations.original4.The

___________（declare）

of

Independence

was

made

in

America

in

1776.Declaration即時檢測5._________（science）

research

is

widely

claimed

to

be

the

source

of

the

high

standard

of

living

in

the

country.Scientific6.The

most

pleasant

thing

about

the

rainy

season

is

that

one

can

be

________（entire）

free

from

dust.entirely7.Who

would

you

name

as

the

greatest

__________（conduct）

of

your

time?conductor即時檢測Ⅱ.選詞填空be

used

to；think

of；no

doubt；thanks

to；in

terms

of；be

capable

of；lead

to；in

addition；at

the

moment；start

with1.You

will

_________succeed

in

your

scientific

research

after

great

effort.no

doubt2.Many

people

believe

technological

changes

will

________unemployment.lead

to3.Long

pieces

of

bamboo___________make

furniture

and

baskets.are

used

to4.Life

is

hard

______________,but

we're

surviving

on

the

savings.at

the

moment5.__________your

help,we

accomplished

the

task

ahead

of

schedule.Thanks

to即時檢測6.To

work

out

a

plan,one

has

to

__________careful

research.start

with7.___________size

and

population,how

big

is

Germany

compared

with

China?In

terms

of8.I'm

___________renting

out

my

house

while

I'm

away.thinking

of9.Natural

gas

is

a

very

efficient

fuel.___________,it

is

clean.In

addition10.The

larger

firm

_____________providing

a

better

range

of

services.is

capable