高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)業(yè)水平考試考點(diǎn)歸納與測(cè)試：專題14-語(yǔ)法填空(知識(shí)梳理+考點(diǎn)精講精練+實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練)

專題14語(yǔ)法填空養(yǎng)成良好的答題習(xí)慣，是決定高考英語(yǔ)成敗的決定性因素之一。做題前，要認(rèn)真閱讀題目要求、題干和選項(xiàng)，并對(duì)答案內(nèi)容作出合理預(yù)測(cè);答題時(shí)，切忌跟著感覺(jué)走，最好按照題目序號(hào)來(lái)做，不會(huì)的或存在疑問(wèn)的，要做好標(biāo)記，要善于發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到題目的題眼所在，規(guī)范答題，書(shū)寫(xiě)工整;答題完畢時(shí)，要認(rèn)真檢查，查漏補(bǔ)缺，糾正錯(cuò)誤。1.掌握命題規(guī)律和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)2實(shí)語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)掌握句子成分分析詞性轉(zhuǎn)換的規(guī)律4.掌握固定搭配(冠詞和介詞)5.掌握答題的技巧考點(diǎn)一：純空格試題，首先分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定填哪類詞：（1）缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，一定是填代詞或名詞（多考代詞）；（2）名詞前面，若沒(méi)有限定詞，很可能是填冠詞或some，any，other，another等限定詞；（3）名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞前面若已有限定詞，一定是填介詞；（4）若兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)單詞或短語(yǔ)之間沒(méi)有連詞，可能填并列連詞；（5）若兩句（一個(gè)主謂關(guān)系算一個(gè)句子）之間沒(méi)有連詞，也沒(méi)有分號(hào)或句號(hào)，一定是填連詞（含并列連詞和從屬連詞），要根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個(gè)連詞；（6）若句子結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，空格后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是原形，特別是與上下文時(shí)態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時(shí)，很可能是填情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或倒裝的助動(dòng)詞（do，does，did等）；（7）若缺狀語(yǔ)，一定是填副詞（在純空格試題中考的可能性不大，即使考也常常是表示邏輯連接的副詞）；（8）在冠詞后，一定是名詞或one（s），other（s）等代詞。（9）由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞。1.由Itis...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的形式，判斷it還是that。判斷方法：去掉Itis...that...結(jié)構(gòu)，句子還是一個(gè)完整的句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。2.由it作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)的句式判斷，空格是否填it。【典例分析】...and______wasonlyafterIheardshebecomesickthatIlearnedshecouldn’teatMSG(味精).【典例分析】...as______tookthemjustthreeminutestostealpaintingsbytwoworld-famousartists...【典例分析】Datingsitesalsomakes______easytoavoidsomeonewhomyouarenotinterestedin.在倒裝句式中通常填only,so,neither,nor,never,hardly,seldom,not...until...等詞?！镜淅治觥縚_____withhardworkcanyouexpecttogetpayrise.4.so...that.../such...that...句型【典例分析】Thismadethegoatsojealous______itbeganplottingagainstthedonkey.more...than...與其說(shuō)……不如說(shuō)……，比……更……)句型【典例分析】Cynthia’sstoryshowsvividlythatpeopleremembermorehowmuchamanagercares______howmuchhepays考點(diǎn)二：給出了動(dòng)詞的試題，首先要確定是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。（1）若句中沒(méi)有別的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所給動(dòng)詞就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；（2）若句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又不是并列謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。（3）若是謂動(dòng)詞，就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、主謂一致、虛擬語(yǔ)氣（即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“四位一體”）；（4）若是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就要確定用-ing形式、-ed形式還是用不定式形式，綜合考慮成分、句式、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)（即非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“四位一體”）：1/作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，通常用-ing形式，有時(shí)也可用不定式；2/作目的狀語(yǔ)、情感形容詞或動(dòng)詞后的原因狀語(yǔ)、以及有些結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，一般用不定式；3/若判斷用分詞（做狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)），與邏輯主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系用-ing形式，是被動(dòng)關(guān)系用-ed形式；從目前高考命題來(lái)看，我們只需根據(jù)分詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系確定用-ing形式還是-ed形式就可以了?？键c(diǎn)三：詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題，根據(jù)該詞在句子所作句子成分確定用哪種形式：（1）作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，用形容詞形式；（2）作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)（含介詞賓語(yǔ)），用名詞形式；（3）冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞、指示代詞或數(shù)詞后，用名詞形式；（4）作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞形式。考點(diǎn)四：詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，主要是考查具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞，需根據(jù)句子意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系，在詞根前加un-，im-，dis-等，或在詞根后加-less等。(2023年湖南省)LuoYanandhiswifeandsontravelledbacktotheirhometownfortheSpringFestival.Theirjourney____26____(be)alongandtiringonejustafewyearsago.However,thehigh-speedtrainhasmadeitmoreconvenientforthem___27___(go)backhome.Duringthetrip,theychattedexcitedly,missingtheirsweethome.Ontheirarrival,theyfoundLuo’sparentseagerlywaitingfor____28____(they).Theirhomehadbeen____29____(special)decoratedforthejoyousfestival.____30____fiveo’clockontheChineseNewYear’sEve,thedinnertablewasalreadycoveredwithwhitechinaplatesand____31____(bowl),fullofallkindsofdishes.Afterdinner,theymadedumplings,____32____arepreparedfortheverystartofthenewyear.Withmidnight____33____(approach),LuoYantookhisparents,wifeandsonoutsidetosetofffirecrackers.Thewholevillagewaslitupwith____34____(color)fireworks.Allover_____35_____country,peoplewerecelebratingtheirgoodfortune,theirfamily’stogetherness,andtheirnation’sstrength.(2022年福建省)OnepersonIadmireisJudith,a___31___(help)girlwholivesonmystreet.She’sinmysister’sclassandthey’rein___32___sameswimmingclubaswell.Theyarebothgood___33___swimming.Judithlovesmanykindsof___34___(pet).Shekeepsadogsosheoften___35___(take)itforwalksbytheriveratthebackof___36___(we)house.Lastwinterasmallboyfellintotheriver.Hecouldn’tswimandkept___37___(cry).Hearingthecry,Judithdidn’tstoptothink.Althoughthewater___38___(be)verycold,shejumpedintotheriver___39___(immediate).Theboydisappearedunderthewater,butJudithstayedcalm____40____pulledhimout.Theywerebothfine.IadmireJudithbecauseshesavedtheboy’slife.Ithinksheisarealhero.(2022年廣西)OnMarch3,2022,JiangMengnan___31___(receive)the“TouchingChina”(感動(dòng)中國(guó))awardfor2021.In1992,JiangMengnanwasborninHunan.Whenshewassix___32___(month)old,shelostherhearing.Fromthenon,shecouldn’thearanythingatalland___33___(she)worldbecamesilent.Herparentsbegantoteachhertoreadpeople’slips(嘴唇)andspeak.Itwasnoteasy,butherparentsnevergaveup.Afteralot___34___practice,JiangMengnanlearnedtospeak.WhenJiangMengnan___35___(be)oldenough,shewenttoschool.Shetriedtounderstandwhattheteacherssaidby___36___(read)theirlips.Sheworkedveryhardandovercamealotofdifficulties.She___37___(final)becameatopstudent.In2011,shegotahighscoreingaokaoandwenttoJilinUniversity.In2018,shewasacceptedbyTsinghuaUniversityasaPhD(博士)student.“IthinkIam___38___(luck).Iwanttothankmyparents,teachersandfriends,___39___havebeenhelpingmeallthetime.And___40___bestwaytopaythembackistodosomethinggoodforsociety,”JiangMengnansaid.（2022·甘肅·天水市第一中學(xué)高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）DuringtheLanternFestival,longlinesofcustomersarewaitingoutsideDaoxiangcunstoresinthecapitalcityBeijing."IfeelI'mmissingsomething____1____Idon'teatyuanxiaoduringtheLanternFestival.Gettingupearlyinthemorning,____2____(put)onwarmclothesandwaitinginalonglineoutsideaDaoxiangcunstoretobuynewly-madeyuanxiaoisasortofprivateceremonyformeandensuresIwillhaveanothersweetyear."DongShanshan,____3____35-year-oldBeijingersaid.FormanypeoplelikeDong,eatingDaoxiangcun,yuanxiao____4____(be)anessentialLanternFestivaltradition.TheBeijingDaoxiangcunFoodCompany,____5____ownsthebrandandstores,recentlystagedaneventtomarktheofficiallaunchofyuanxiaobeingmadeatsomeofits____6____(factory).ShiYan,thecompany'srepresentativemanager,said,“All____7____(we)yuanxiaoarehandmade,becauseitistheonlywaytomaintainthetraditionalflavor.”____8____(meet)localdemand,thecompanywilldemonstratehowyuanxiaoaremadeatsomeofitsstoresinBeijing."Thiswill____9____(hopeful)bringafestiveatmospheretothecityanditsresidents,"Shisaid."Youngpeoplecanlearnhowthetraditionalfoodismadeandtheculturesurroundingthisfoodcan_____10_____(carry)forwardandexpanded.”（2022·廣東·高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）閱讀下面短文，在空格處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Normally,mytwoyearoldcatTiger,hatesitwhenIusemytablet(平板電腦)becauseittakesmyattentionawayfromhim.InJulylastyear,Ihad___11___fallathomeandwasonthefloorforsix___12___(hour).Duringthistime,Iwas___13___(able)tomoveandcouldn’tgettothephonetocallforhelp.Tigerstayedbymysideuntilhe___14___(disappear)suddenlyundermybed.“What’sheupto?”Iwondered.___15___mysurprise,hestartedtopushsomethingtowardsme.Itwasmytablet,___16___Ididn’trealizehadfallenoffthebedandontothefloor.Tiger,___17___(probable)didn’tknowwhatitwas,___18___heknewitwouldmakemehappy.ThankstoTiger,Iwasabletocontactafriendof___19___(I),whothencalledemergencyservices.Ittookmethenexteightdaysinhospital____20____(recover).WhenIreturnedhome,IboughtTigerabigfishtothankhim.（2022·湖北·天門市教育科學(xué)研究院高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。EgyptianradiologistAhmedHassanlikedthedesignandarchitectureofChina’s___21___(remark)TempleofHeavensomuchthathedecidedtobuildareplica(復(fù)制品)ofBeijing’shistoricmonumentwithmatchsticks.Inhisfreetime,whileexercisinghishobbyofbuildingmodelsoflandmarkswithmatchsticks,Hassanspentmorethantwomonths___22___(work)ontheTempleofHeaven.Hefinishedthewholereplicaofitusingabout22,000matchstickswhichhethoughtisoneofthekeylandmarksandtourist___23___(attract)ofBeijing,thecapitalofChina.Theover600-year-oldmonumentcovers___24___areaof270hectaresand___25___(consider)oneofthelargestexistingarchitecturalcomplexesintheworld.Justastheoriginalcircularbuildingis___26___(complete)woodenwithnonails,theEgyptianradiologistusedonlymatchsticks,whiteglueandacutterbladetobuildthereplicaofthetemple.Hassan,___27___returnedtohisoldhobbyin2013,___28___(produce)morethan20replicasofmonumentsfromEgypt,Britain,France,DenmarkandRussiaoverthepastfewyears.HesaidthatbuildingamatchstickmodeloftheTempleofHeavenwasn’taneasyjob,foritwashisfirsttime___29___(carry)outareplicaofalandmarkfromAsiaingeneralandChina____30____particular.（2022·山西·高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MrBoltonhadabighousewithabeautifullawnandagarden.HisneighboroftencametovisithisgardenandMrBoltonenjoyed____31____(hold)partiesinhishouse.Sometimes,evenvisitorstothetowncametohishousetolook____32____thelawnandgarden.Becauseofthis,MrBoltonwasveryproudofhislawnandgardenandhespendallhistimeandenergytakingcareofthem.Buttherewasstillonething____33____botheredhim--thesidewalk.Someofthesidewalk’stiles(地磚)werestained(沾了污漬的).Someshowed____34____(difference)levelsofwearandsomejustlookedold.Oneday,MrBoltonhad____35____brilliantidea.“Whynotpaintthesidewalk?”hesaidto____36____(he).Sohewenttoahardwarestoreandfoundsomelightgreypaint.Heboughtthepaint,rushedhomeand____37____(get)outapaintroller.Andinashorttimehehad____38____(complete)paintedthesidewalk.Afterthepaintdried,thesidewalklookedasthoughitwasbrandnew.MrBoltonthoughttheprojectwasagreat____39____(succeed).Buttherewasoneunexpectedresultthattroubledhim:Hisneighborsandvisitorsallwalkonhislawnnowbecausetheydon’twant_____40_____(make)thesidewalkdirty.（2022·安徽·高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Festivalsareoccasionsthatallowustorelaxandenjoylife.Their___41___(origin)rangefromtheseasonsoftheyeartoimportantevents.Whenitcomestocelebrating

festivals,

different

cultures

actually

have

alot___42___common.Peoplecelebratetheharvestfestivalafterallthecrops___43___(gather)in.Festivalsarebecomingmoreandmorecommercial,withbusinesses___44___(take)advantageofthecelebrations.Atage18,DrLinQiaozhichosetostudymedicineinsteadofmarryinglikethe___45___(major)ofgirls.Aftergraduation,shebecamethefirstwomanever

___46___(hire)asaresidentphysicianinthePUMCHospital.WhenstudyingintheUSin1939,sheimpressedherAmericancolleagueswhoinvitedhertostay.DrLin,___47___,rejectedtheoffer.SanFranciscowasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethat___48___(occur)in1906.TheMissionDistrict,oneoftheoldestpartsofthecity,usedtobeapoorareaoftown,___49___isnowacenterforart,music,andfood.Whengoldwasdiscoveredin1848nearSanFrancisco,manypeoplecametoseektheirfortuneandsomeChineseopenedupshopsandrestaurantstoearn____50____living.（2022·寧夏銀川·高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnceIwenttoaGermancityforvacation.Thetriplefta____51____(deep)impressiononmethanbefore.ItwasalreadydarkoutsidewhenIarrivedattheairportat6p.m.Thefirstthingwastofindaplacetostay.Idecided____52____(call)theyouthhotel.ButtousethephoneI____53____(need)somecoins.Iaskedaladyforhelp.Tomysurprise,shegavemethree____54____(coin)touse.Butallthephonesthereneededphonecardswhichcouldonlybeboughtatpost-officesduringthedaytime.IwasafraidIwouldn’tbeabletocallthehotel.____55____oldgentlemanhelpedme.Hecouldn’tspeakEnglish____56____understandthatIneededtomakeaphonecall.Heshowedmetothephoneandinserted（插入）hisphonecard.Icalledthehotelandfoundaplacetostaythatnight.The____57____(kind)ofGermanpeoplemademefeelathome.WhereverIwent,Iaskedpeoplefordirections.ItsurprisedmethatalmosteveryyoungGermancouldspeakEnglish____58____(fluent).OlderGermanscouldn’tspeakEnglishverywell,buttheywouldtrytohelpmewhenevertheycould.Onemiddle-agedmanevendrovemetotheplaceIwaslookingfor.MyexperienceinGermanycompletelychanged____59____(I)impressionofGermans.IthoughtGermanswerenot_____60_____(friend)toforeignersbefore,butthingshavechangedsincethen.ThepeopleinGermanycouldn’tbemorefriendly.（2022·湖南·寧鄉(xiāng)市教育研究中心高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。JohnLiisaChinesehighschoolstudent____61____cametotheUKaspartofalanguageexchangeprogram.____62____(fortunate),hestayedwithalovelyhostfamilyandwenttoschoolwiththeirson,Daniel.TheBritishschoolday____63____(last)from9amto4pmandstudentsusuallyhavetolearnninesubjectsincludingsome____64____(option).Theclassesaredifferentfrom____65____(that)inChinabecauseeachteacherhastheirownclassroomandthestudentsmovearoundforeverylesson.Heenjoyedmostof___66___classes,butsomeofthemwerequite____67____(challenge),suchasGeographyandBiology.He___68___(eat)attheschoolcanteen____69____afterlunchheoftenplayedonthesportsfieldwithhisfriends.Besides,hejoinedsomeclubs___70___

(meet)moreBritishstudents.Inaword,hemetsomegreatpeopleandlearntalotaboutlifeintheUK.（2022·湖南·臨武縣第一中學(xué)高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式，并將答案轉(zhuǎn)寫(xiě)到答題卡上。Wesometimeswant___71___(be)alonewithourownthoughts,yetwehavetobe___72___(care)thatwedonotalwaysescapeintoourownworld.Sociallifeisalsoimportantto___73___(we),andclosefriendshipswillhelpsmoothouttherockyroadthatwemaysometimestake.___74___(general)speaking,closefriendshipshavethree“fruits”.Thefirstfruitoffriendshipisthepeacethat___75___(come)fromsharingwithfriendsourjoy,sadness,successandfailure.Thesecondfruitoffriendshipis___76___betterunderstandingandjudgmentthatmaybeachievedthroughconversationswithtrustedandwisefriends.Thethirdfruitoffriendshipisthehelp___77___afriendmayofferinmanydifferent___78___(way).Itshouldbepointedoutthat___79___(enjoy)thecompanyofacrowdisnotthesameasbeingwithfriends.Friendsshouldbestrictlychosen.Inthisway,wecanbetterwalkthe“pathoflife”____80____thehelp,adviceandsupportfromourfriends.（2022·江蘇省蘇州第十中學(xué)校高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，如有括號(hào)提示，請(qǐng)以提示詞的正確形式填空。TheopeningceremonyoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympicGamesontheeveningofFeb4was____81____(difference),yetspectacular.Theaudiencesweretreatedtoa

pared-downceremony,withoutthelarge-scaleartisticperformances____82____markedthe2008openingceremony,____83____itwasnolesssymbolic—symbolicofasharedfutureforhumankind.Thefinaltorchatthesnowflake-themedceremonywassmall,buttheflames____84____(convey)significantmessagesofgreenerOlympicGames.Theuseof____85____(advance)technologiessuchasartificialintelligence,machinevision,5Gandcloudbroadcastingadded____86____thenoveltyoftheopeningceremony.Theperformances,carryingforwardthethemeofglobalpeace____87____asharedfutureforhumankind,focusedonenvironmentalprotectionandhumanhealth,____88____(highlight)theimportanceofsportstoinstillnewconfidenceintheinternationalcommunity____89____(contain)thepandemic.ThroughtheopeningceremonyonFeb.4,peoplecanclearlyseeChina’spursuitofbuildingapeacefulworld,its

_____90_____(reflect)ofthenewOlympicmottoof“Faster,Higher,Stronger,Together”andtheBeijingWinterGames’mottoof“togetherforasharedfuture”.（2022·江蘇·房山高中高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Inthesummerof1405,ZhengHesetsailfromTaicangonhisfirstvoyage.Hisships____91____(load)withchina,silk,teaandothertreasuresasgiftsforforeignrulers.ZhengHe'ssevenvoyageshadafar-reachingimpact____92____Chinaanditsneighbours.ZhengHe'seffortshelpeddevelopandstrengthen____93____(harmony)relationswiththesecountriesandregions.ZhengHe'saccomplishmentsarenow____94____(wide)acknowledged,andheisrememberedasoneofChina'smostinfluentialexplorers.ColumbuswasborninaportcityofItalyin1451.Asateenager,helovedsailing,andheshowedgreatinterestingeography,____95____inspiredhimtobeginhiscareerasaseaman.Columbusinsistedon____96____(search)foradirectsearoutetotheEastIndiesbysailingacrosstheAtlanticOcean.On3August1492,he____97____(depart)fromSpainwiththreeshipscarryingabout90crewmen.Regardlessofallthechallenges,Columbusmanaged____98____(keep)everyoneoutofdangerwithhisknowledgeand____99____(brave)acrosstheocean.Finally,on12October,thecrewspottedlandin____100____distance.HisvoyagesopenedanewchapteroftheAgeofExploration,aperiodwhichwitnessedmanyimportantgeographicalfindings.Atotalof3,228graveshavebeenfoundattheruins1datebackmorethan3,000yearsinQinghaiProvince,northwestChina,archaeologistssaidonMonday.Theruins,2(locate)inBalongTownshipinDulanCounty,arebelievedtobeagroupthatcombinedgravesandhousingduringtheperiodbetween1,500BCand1,000BC．In2021,theprovincialresearchacademyofculturalheritageandarchaeologyandNorthwestUniversityworkedtogether3(launch)anexcavation(挖掘).AccordingtoDuWei,leaderoftheexcavationproject,threegraveyards4(cover)atotalareaof120,000squaremetershavebeendiscovered,andanother52graves5(dig)upsofar.“Potteries,bronzeware,jadeware,braidedfabrics,humanbonesand6(remain)ofanimalsandplantswereamongtheuneartheditems,providingalotofmaterialsforthestudyofNuomuhongculture,”Dusaid.NuomuhongcultureisaBronzeAgearchaeologicalculturewithQinghaicharacteristics,7(large)distributedintheQaidamBasinand8(it)surroundingareas.Speakingatameetingofexpertsontheruinslastweek,HuoWei,9professoratSichuanUniversity,saidthattheexcavationhadconfirmedthelonghistoryoftheQaidamBasinandis10greatsignificancefortheresearchontheancientcivilizationoftheQinghai-TibetPlateau.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。SIT’N’SKATEisanon-profitorganizationthatworkstowardsamoreinclusive(包容廣闊的)societyandaims11(reduce)prejudices(偏見(jiàn))towardsdisabledpeopleandwheelchairusers.TheprojectwasstartedbyLisaandDavidLebuserinHamburg.Theideawastoshowthatawheelchairdoesnotonlyhavetobeabasicaidbutcanalsobeacoolandstylishpieceofsportsequipment.Theteamaroundthetwofoundershasgrown12(rapid)sincethenandtheirwheelchairskateservicescannow13(find)invariousGermancities.ThevisionofSIT’N’SKATEistoprovidepeopleinwheelchairs14alow-threshold(低門檻的)movementexperiencetomakeeverydaywheelchairuse15(easy)thanbefore.Forthispurpose,regularwheelchairskatemeetingsareofferedinBremen,Dortmund,HamburgandHanovertoimprovetheflexibilityand16(independent)ofwheelchairusers.Theprojectalsooffers17varietyofotheractivities.InSIT’N’SKATE’slatestprogramme,ramps(坡道)arespreadtoshopsinHamburgwhoseentranceshavesteps.Thisimprovesaccessibilityandremovesmany18(difficult)forwheelchairusers.Throughtheiractivities,SIT’N’SKATEmakesasignificantcontributionto19(change)thewaypeoplewithdisabilitiesandwheelchairusersareregarded.Theypromoteaninclusivesocietyin20prejudicesarereducedandpeoplewithdisabilitiesarerecognisedasequalmembers.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Whenit21(announce)in2018thattheChineseAcademyofSciencesinShanghaihadcreatedtheworld’sfirstclonedmonkeys,ZhongzhongandHuahua,22(heat)discussionsfollowedonline.Infact,cloninghasalwaysbeenwithus.Itisawayofmaking23exactcopyofanotheranimalorplant.Ithappensinplantswhengardenerstakecuttingsfromgrowingplants24(make)newones.Italsohappensinanimalswhenidenticaltwinsareproducedfromthesameegg.Theseareboth25(example)ofnaturalclones.Cloninghastwomajoruses.First,gardenersuse26toproducelargequantitiesofplantsforsale.Second,it’svaluableforresearchonnewplantspecies27formedicalresearchonanimals.Cloningplantsis28(fair)straightforward,whilecloninganimalsismuchmorecomplicatedanddifficult,29(require)lotsofhardwork.Overtheyears,manyscientistsfailedintheirattemptstocloneanimals,buttheirdeterminationandpatiencepaid30in1996withabreakthrough—thecloningofDollythesheep.閱讀下面句子，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。JiuzhaiValley.orJiuzhaigou,isapicturesquefairyland,featuringfascinatingsceneryofcolorfullakes,breathtakingwaterfallsandmountains.Peoplesaythatifthereshouldbeawonderlandonearth,JiuzhaigouNationalParkmustbeone.31(situate)inJiuzhaigouCounty,JiuzhaigouNationalParkisabout450kilometrestothenorthofChengdu.Roads32(wander)alongthroughthevalleymake33hardfortouriststodrivethere.Thefirstthingyouseethereisforest.Fullofasenseofaprimitiveforest,JiuzhaiValleyisisolatedfromthehustleandbustleandbustleofcities.Withtheseasonschanging,theforestpresentsa34(various)offantasticlooks.Itisalso35kingdomofwater.Thelakesthere,36aresurroundedbyancienttreesandflowers,arecrystalclearandgreenallyearround.Asthelightchangesandtheseasonsgoby,thelakestake37differentcolors.JiuzhaiValleyis38(particular)picturesqueinautumnalcolors.Warmdays,coolnights,andgreat39(view)ofsaturatedyellows,redsandgreensreflectingoffthebluelakesarecharacteristicofautumnthere.Nearlyhalfofthe720-square-kilometreJiuzhaiValley40(cover)byautumncolors.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Recentresearchexamineddataonthesportshabitsandmentalhealthof11,235kidsaged9to13.Parentsreportedonseveralaspectsofthechildren’smentalhealthby41(fill)outaformknownastheChildBehaviorChecklist.Theresearcherslookedforanyassociationsbetweenthementalhealthdataandthekids’sportshabits,whilealsoaccountingforother42(factor)thatmightimpactmentalhealth.Inline43theresearchers’expectations,thestudyshowedthatkids44(involve)inteamsportswerelesslikelytohavesignsofemotional,socialandattentionproblems.Theresearchersalsoexpectedplayingindividualsportstobeassociatedwith45(few)mentalhealthproblemsthanplayingnosports.However,theyfoundthatchildren46onlyplayedindividualsportswerelikelytohavegreatermentalhealthproblemsthanthosewhodidnotplaysportsatall.Thesefindingsaddtoagrowingbodyofevidence(證據(jù))thatplayingteamsportsis47(positive)associatedwithmentalhealthforchildren48youth.Theresearcherssuggestthatlongitudinal(縱向的)observationsareneeded49(investigate)anycausal(因果的)relationshipsbetweensport50(participate)andmentalhealth.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。HowcanIdescribethewonderIfeltthefirsttimeIsawmyfavoritepainting,GeorgeSeurat’sASundayonLaGrandeJatte?I51(admire)theworkforyearsinartbooks,butIhadneverthoughtIwouldseetheactualpainting,52washousedfarfromwhereIlived.ThefirstthingthatstruckmeasI53(enter)theroomwherethepaintingwasdisplayedwasthesizeofthework.Itwashuge!Itcoveredalargepartof54evenlargerwall.Thepaintingwaspaintedwithdots,atechnique55(call)pointillism.Tocreatesuchahugepainting56(use)thistechniqueseemedanalmostimpossibletask.Seurathaddoneit,though,andhadmadeitlookeasy!What’smoreimpressive,however,wasthe57(beautiful)ofthepainting.Viewedfromadistance,thecolorslookedsoftandgentle,describingthehappyand58(peace)moodofasummerdayinthepark.WhenIapproachedthepainting,though,itscolorsexplodedintomanymorecolors,showingtheartist’sskillincombiningcolors59(create)amood.Eventhepartsofthepaintingthatappearedwhitefromadistancewerelivelyandhadmanydifferentcolorswhenviewedupclose.Isatandstared60thepaintinginwonderforagoodpartoftheafternoon.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Applause(掌聲)rangacrossZhaxizomtownlastmonth.Theairwasfilled61excitementasplayerssanganddanced62(happy).Theeventmarkedthebeginningofthetown’smusicandfoodfestival.Zhaxizomisatanaltitudeof4,200metersatthefootofMountQomolangma,theworld’shighestpeak,whichisknowninEnglishasMountEverest.“Iplanned63(head)straighttoMountQomolangmaBaseCamp,butwhenIarrivedinthissmalltown,the64(amaze)festivalcaughtmyeyeandIdecidedtostayforseveralmoredaystoenjoythemusicandfoodherebefore65(continue)myjourney,”saidonetravelerZhang,whoisfromLiaoningprovince.MigmarLhamo,acollegestudent66livesinZhaxizom,said,“Thefestivalwillallowpeopletolearnaboutourtown.Itwillbecomeanew67(attract)forpeople.”MigmarLhamobelievesthefestivalwillplay68importantroleinimprovingthedevelopmentofthelocalcultureandtourism.Accordingtothecountygovernment,moreactivitiessuchaslivemusicshows,fireworkdisplaysandfoodfairs69(organize)aspartoffuturefestivalstoprovidebothlocalsand70(tourist)withanextremelyimpressiveexperienceoflocalculture.“Themusicandfoodfestivalwillhelpthegrowthofthelocaleconomy,”Zhusaid.對(duì)高三學(xué)生而言，就是要通過(guò)訓(xùn)練轉(zhuǎn)化為學(xué)生的答題能力。一是嚴(yán)格限時(shí)訓(xùn)練。限時(shí)訓(xùn)練就是讓學(xué)生在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)做完訓(xùn)練題目，既訓(xùn)練速度，又鍛煉準(zhǔn)確度。限時(shí)訓(xùn)練可短可長(zhǎng)，可以是課前十分鐘，可以是一節(jié)課，但必須堅(jiān)決做到即練即評(píng)，長(zhǎng)期堅(jiān)持，通過(guò)教師評(píng)閱提升學(xué)生答題速度和效度，做到日日清，周周清，月月清，適應(yīng)高考臨場(chǎng)答題要求。二是嚴(yán)格規(guī)范答題。要認(rèn)真研究高考原題和高考答案，根據(jù)學(xué)生的答題情況認(rèn)真進(jìn)行比對(duì)。要把學(xué)生在考試時(shí)的原生態(tài)答卷原汁原味地展示出來(lái)，再讓學(xué)生自己對(duì)照答案進(jìn)行打分、評(píng)價(jià)，找出與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案的差距，小組內(nèi)相互交流、討論，制定答題標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模板，保證將來(lái)一分不丟。三是突出變式訓(xùn)練。對(duì)于臨界生的典型錯(cuò)題或遺漏知識(shí)點(diǎn)，要進(jìn)行變式訓(xùn)練，一題多變進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練，把錯(cuò)題作為“母題”，至少進(jìn)行一題五變以上，讓學(xué)生寫(xiě)出每道題的解題思路，最后總結(jié)出此類變式的特點(diǎn)和解題入手點(diǎn)。教師必須要把變式訓(xùn)練當(dāng)做作業(yè)認(rèn)真批改，帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生共同驗(yàn)證解題思路，形成答題的基本思路。四是落實(shí)“作業(yè)自助餐”。對(duì)學(xué)生要進(jìn)行分類指導(dǎo)，不能一刀切，尤其是對(duì)于清北臨界生和一本臨界生，學(xué)校應(yīng)高度重視臨界生轉(zhuǎn)化工作。要把握好臨界生的學(xué)科短板，制定好輔導(dǎo)、轉(zhuǎn)化和提升的具體措施，要實(shí)行面批面改，落實(shí)“作業(yè)自助餐”。針對(duì)不同的高頻錯(cuò)題，由教師分別獨(dú)立設(shè)置變式訓(xùn)練題，也就是A錯(cuò)題出至少5道變式訓(xùn)練，獨(dú)立印刷；B錯(cuò)題再出5道變式訓(xùn)練，獨(dú)立印刷；C錯(cuò)題也出5道變式訓(xùn)練，獨(dú)立印刷；學(xué)生可以根據(jù)自己的錯(cuò)題，自主領(lǐng)取對(duì)應(yīng)的變式訓(xùn)練題，通過(guò)針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練補(bǔ)齊學(xué)科或知識(shí)短板，提升整體備考效益。五是強(qiáng)化精神激勵(lì)。高三學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)重，壓力大，師生缺乏必要交流，學(xué)生容易出現(xiàn)心理焦慮、缺乏歸屬感等心理問(wèn)題。為此，要對(duì)高三年級(jí)學(xué)生多鼓勵(lì)，多表?yè)P(yáng)。大人總想聽(tīng)好聽(tīng)話，學(xué)生也是如此，越是鼓勵(lì)越有勁，因老師