上海中學2023-2024學年高一下學期期中考試英語試題含答案

上海中學2023學年第二學期期中考試英語試題高一______班學號______姓名______成績______Ⅰ．ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandaquestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1．A．15dollars. B．20dollars. C．25dollars. D．45dollars.2．A．Tothegallery. B．Tothedentist’s. C．Toherflat. D．Tothegarage.3．A．Shewasfiredbythecompany. B．Shebrokethelaw.C．Sheisonleaverightnow. D．Sheisreplacingthecompany’swebsite.4．A．Patientanddoctor. B．Residentandgovernmentofficial.C．Customerandinsuranceagent. D．Bossandsecretary.5．A．HewassittingoppositeMr.Johnson. B．HeisplanningafarewellpartyforMr.Johnson.C．AllthetasksthatMr.Johnsondidfailed. D．HeisgladMr.Johnsonleftthecompany.6．A．Sheprefersdogstocats.B．Shehadacloserelationshipwiththeman’sdaughter.C．Sheusedtosorrowoverherdog’sdeath.D．Sheisalwaysinlowspirits.7．A．Thewomanshouldgetthechipsherself. B．Thewomanshouldn’teatchips.C．Thewomanusedtohaveseveralheartattacks. D．Thewomanwarnedthemanagainstheartattacks.8．A．Theyplantohavethemeetinginanotherplace.B．Theavailabilityofthemeetingroomwillbediscussed.C．Theyhavealreadyhadthemeeting.DTheywillhavethemeetingsometimelater.9．A．Thecar’sdemandgreatlyexceedssupply. B．Thewomanhaslistedthecar’sadvantages.C．Thewomanreceivedacaramonthago. D．Thewomandidn’tlikethecar.10．A．Shewon’tdothepresentation.B．Sheneedstocollectalotofdataforthepresentation.C．Sheisstillatanearlystageofpreparationforthepresentation.D．Thetopicismostimportantforthepresentation.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandalongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedsomequestionsonthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyou’veheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11．A．Thetypeoffoodyoufreeze. B．Thewayyouwarmupthefrozenfood.C．Whetherthefreezerbagsaresealed. D．Whattemperatureyousetyourfreezerto.12．A．Becausetheycanbeeasilystocked. B．Becausetheyfitwellinthefridge.C．Becausetheycomeindifferentsizesandshapes. D．Becausetheyhelptokeepthedryfooddry13．A．Preventpeoplefromeatingtoomuchfood.B．Stoppeoplefromremovingfoodthathasn’tgonebad.C．Makepeoplebecomecautiousabouteatingunhealthyfood.D．Makepeoplebecomeambitiousinmakinguseofleftoverfood.Questions14through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14．A．Postponeretirementage. B．Involvemorewomeninwork.C．Hiremoreforeignworkers. D．Attractworkerswithhighsalaries.15．A．Relievepressureonhumannursingcare. B．Takecareofchildrenandtheelderly.C．Finallyreplacehumansinworkforce. D．Givehumansmoretimetorcreativework.16．A．Robotscan’tdocertainwork. B．Somepeopledon’tacceptrobots.C．Theexpensesforrobotsarestillhigh. D．Thefunctionsofrobotsneedimproving.17．A．Japanstrugglestofightworkforceshortage.B．Japaneseattitudestowardsrobotschangealot.C．RobotshaveplayedamajorroleinJapan’sindustry.D．RobotscanhelpinJapaneseworkforceshortage.Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.18．A．Thecruiselinerwillprovideallsortsoffoodandentertainment.B．Onlyhalfofthecabinswillbefilledup.C．Thepricesofunsoldticketswillbereduced.D．Everyonewillbeabletoaffordtheticket.19．A．Bookticketsassoonastheyareavailable. B．CloselywatchthechangesofticketpricesC．Comparedealsfromdifferentsources. D．Keepincontactwithatravelagenyoucantrust.20．A．Becausecruisetoursareonlysuitableforpeoplewhohavemuchfreetime.B．Becausehecanworkpart-timetoearnmoneytopayforthetour.C．Becausedoingpriceresearchandcomparingtakestime.D．Becausehecansailshortlyafterbuyingthecheapticket.Ⅱ．GrammarandVocabularySectionAMultipleChoice21．Nomanisuselessinthisworld______lightenstheburdenofsomeoneelse.A．which B．that C．who D．a(chǎn)s22．______beconsideredfortheroleofteamleaderinourupcomingproject?A．Whodoyousuggestthatshould B．WhodoyousuggestC．Whomdoyousuggestshould D．Doyousuggestwhoshould23．I’mnowapplyingtograduateschool,______meanssomedayI’llreturntoaprofession______peopleneedtobenicetomeinordertogetwhattheywant.A．which,as B．which,which C．which,where D．a(chǎn)s,inwhich24．Thereason______shegaveforherresignationwas______shewantedtopursueherpassionfortravelandexploration.A．that,that B．why,that C．why,because D．/,because25．Itmightbeyears______we______thecreationofartificialintelligencesystemscapableoftruehuman-likecognition.A．since,madepossible B．before,makepossibleC．since,madepossiblethat D．before,makeitpossible26．Thebudgetfortheprojectendedupbeingtwice______,causingunexpectedfinancialstrainonthecompany.A．howitintendedto B．thatithadintendedtoC．a(chǎn)sitintendedto D．whatitwasintendedto27．Itwas______shetookherfirststepontoforeignsoil______signaledthebeginningofajourneyfilledwithunknownadventuresandunforgettableexperiences.A．themoment,that B．themoment,whenC．themomentwhen,that D．themomentwhen,which28．ThecomplexitiesoftheEnglishlanguageare______evennativespeakerscannotalwayscommunicateeffectively,______almosteveryAmericanlearnsonhisfirstdayinBritain.A．sothat,as B．suchthat,as C．sothat,with D．suchthat,inthat29．Hisconfidenceandstrongwillclearlyshowthatheisnolonger______heusedtobethefirsttime______heundertooksuchademandingtask.A．who,when B．who,/ C．what,/ D．what,that30．Itwasnotsomuchhertalent______herperseveranceanddetermination______motivatedhertothetopofherfield.Abut.that B．a(chǎn)s,that C．nor,which D．like,which31．______thechildrentrackedmudalloverthemagain.A．Nosoonerdidhesweepthefloorscleanthan B．HardlyhadhesweepthefloorscleanwhenC．Barelyhehadsweptthefloorscleanthan D．Scarcelyhadhesweptthefloorscleanwhen32．Althoughthesuspectinsisted______aloneduringthetimeofthecrime,thecourtstilldemanded______evidencetosupporthisalibi.A．beingathome,heshouldprovide B．hebeathome,heprovidedC．hewasathome,beprovide D．hewasathome,heproviding33．Visitorsarepermittedtotakephotographsforpersonaluseonly,______statedotherwisebythemuseumstaff.A．though B．if C．a(chǎn)s D．unless34．Therecipebookfeatureshelpful______,makingiteasierforlearnerstovisualizethecookingprocess.A．explanation B．demonstrations C．illustrations D．presentations35．Theheroicideathat______qualitiessuchasexcellence,generositycourage,loyaltyanddignityishighlyvaluedandmodeled.A．embraces B．identifies C．examines D．criticizes36．______bytheworkpressure,hehasbeenexperiencingseriousphysicalsymptomsofstressandhadtoturntoatherapistforhelp.A．Overwhelmed B．Disappointed C．Frustrated D．Shocked37．Afterwitnessinghertirelessdedicationtopracticeeveryday,theparentswere______herenthusiasmforplayingthepiano.A．concernedwith B．committedto C．informedofDconvincedof38．Whenwe______thedatafurther,wecanidentifyspecifictrendsandpatternsthatmaynotbeevidentatfirstglance.A．breakup B．breakout C．breakthrough D．breakdown39．Thetemptationforadecliningchurchto______oldprivilegesisstrong.A．hangonto B．settlefor C．passup D．signfor40．Aftersigningthecontract,everyemployeeis______fulfilltheirdutiesandconformtotherulesmadebythecompany.A．reluctantto B．obligedto C．motivatedto D．honoredto41．Duetothelong-termenvironmentalandfinancialbenefits,renewableenergytechnologiesare______A．worthwhiletodevelop B．worthbeingdevelopedC．worthytobedeveloped D．worthyofdevelopingSectionBVocabularyDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．moralB．fortunesC．drasticallyD．extinctE．emergedAB．a(chǎn)pproachAC．claimsAD．cautiouslyAE．ingredientsBC．managedBD．objectStressedout?Getchewing:canawellnessrebrandmakeAmericansbuygumagain?Whenwasthelasttimeyousawsomeonechewinggum?1998,maybe?2007?Chancesare,itprobablywasn’trecently.Likehighheelsandaffordablehousing,chewinggumappearstobegoing42Gum’spopularityhasbeenfadinggloballythankstoincreasedcompetitionfromproductslikebreathmintsandmobilephonesdistractingusfromimpulsepurchaseswhileshopping.Thepandemic,moreover,43·acceleratedgum’sdecline.Evenafterpeople44fromlockdown,salesdidn’trecover.Gumsalesworldwidein2023were10%below2018figures.IntheUS,thedrophasbeenparticularlypronounced:lastyear1.2billionunitsofgumweresoldintheUS,32%fewerthanin2018.However,chewinggum,invariousforms,isoneoftheoldesthabitsthereis.Stoneageteenagerswerechewingbirchbarktarpossiblyforpleasure,medicinalpurposes,ortouseitasaglue.Gumhasalsobeenloadedwithculturalmeaningandthesubjectofvarious45panics.Somepeoplebelieveitisamarkerofthebadkidsorahabitofthelowerclass.Despiteacertainamountofsocialstigma（污名）attachedtogum,ithas-untilrelativelyrecently-beenawildlysuccessfulproduct.That’sthankstoWilliamWrigleyJr,whowasamarketingandadvertisinggenius.Wrigleyalways46tofindawaytomakegumrelevantandinsertitintoconsumerculture.Forexample,Wrigleyadvertisedtheideathatchewinggumwasahealthaidthatwouldhelpdigestionandwouldrelievestress.ThisyeartheWrigleybrand’sowner—Mars—cameoutwithanadcampaignithopeswillrevivegum’s47bypositioningitasanalmostinstantstressreliever.Linkinggumwithwellnessworkedinthe1910s,butisitgoingtoworknow?AlexHayesatthefoodconsultancyis48optimistic.“Theglobalwellnessmarketisestimatedtobeworthmorethan$1.5trillion,soit’snosurprisethatMarswantsapieceofthepie,”Hayessays.“We’veseenthesuccessofcategoriessuchasteapromotingtheirproductsviafunctional49andmessaging-teasforgoodsleep,mentalclarity,stressrelief,etc.SoitcomesasnosurprisethatMarsisriskingthesame50.”Buthealsonotes,customersareincreasinglyworriedaboutprocessedfoodsandareeagertomoveawayfromartificial51.There’sstillongoingdiscussiononjusthoweffectiverepositioningchewableplasticasahealthsupplementisgoingtobe.Ⅲ．ReadingComprehensionSectionAClozeDirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.It’ssafetosayJeremyScottishavingaluckyyear.InMarchwhileworkingasachauffeur,hetoldhisbossabouthisplanstosetupadrivingbusiness.Bytheendofthejourney,Scott’sbosshadofferedto52hisidea-astartingcapitalalongwiththegiftofa￡110,000limousine（豪車）tokickstartthebusiness.Ofcourse,there’sanelementoflucktoeveryone’scareer.Whetheryou’reachiefexecutiveoranartist—your53won’tbebasedonhardworkalone.Forexample,theplaceyouwereborn54youreducation.Itdetermineswhetheryoulearntoread,writeorcompletequalifications,which55limitsyourcareerchoices.Manypeoplebelievesuccessisdowntotalentandhardwork,but“thisisbecausemostpeopleunderestimatetheroleof56”,sayspsychologistDrElizabethNuttWilliams.“Wedoalotofworktoprepareforourcareers-education,training,takingadvantageofmentoring-allofwhichtendtobeinourcontrol.”Peopledon’tliketoacknowledgetheroleofluckintheirwork,asit57thisfeelingofbeingincontrol,addsWilliams.Everyoneremembersworkinghard,sopeoplearemorelikelytooverestimatehowmuchoftheirsuccessisdowntodiligencethansomethingmuchmore58likeluck.Therealityofsuccess（atleastintermsof59）islessclearcut.IntheUK,studiesshowwhereyouarebornislikelytodeterminehowmuchyouearn.2017researchfoundthatthereisa“classpaygap’’,whereprofessionalemployersfrom60backgroundsarepaidalmost￡7,000lessayear—despitehavingthesamerole,educationandexperienceascolleaguesfrommoreprivilegedfamilies.61,blackgraduatesearnupto23%lessperhourthanwhiteuniversityleavers,whereaswomanintheUKearn14%lessonaveragethanmen.Socio-economicstatusalsoplaysabigroleinthe62youenter.ArecentstudybytheDebrett’sFoundationfoundseveninevery10youngpeopleaged16-25use63togettheirfirstjob.Whileresearchhasshownthatlessable,richerchildrenare35%morelikelytobecomehighearnersthantheirbrighter.poorerpeers.Thetruthis:chanceandcoincidences64ourcareersmorethanweliketothink.Realizingthatpartsofyourcareerareoutofyourcontrolsounds65,butbeinggratefulfortheroleofluckinyourcareercanactuallymakeyoumorefortunate.Thisisbecausewhenyouacknowledgetheroleofluckinyourwork,youbecomepreparedtotakeadvantageofmorefortunatemoments.“Chanceeventsoccur·butitisallabouttheindividual’s66toseethoseeventsaspossibilitiesandtheirwillingnesstotakearisk,”saysWilliams.52．A．challenge B．a(chǎn)dopt C．finance D．reject53．A．performances B．a(chǎn)ccomplishments C．a(chǎn)ssessments D．outcomes54．A．a(chǎn)ccountsfor B．a(chǎn)ppliesto C．makesupfor D．dependson55．A．inreward B．a(chǎn)fterall C．inturn D．bynature56．A．chance B．a(chǎn)ccident C．education D．diligence57．A．emphasizes B．overlooks C．maintains D．weakens58．A．manageable B．vital C．slippery D．minor59．A．reputation B．income C．education D．occupation60．A．wealthier B．poorer C．unique D．diverse61．A．Nevertheless B．Contrarily C．Consequently D．Similarly62．A．profession B．circle C．community D．university63．A．certificates B．onlineplatforms C．careerfairs D．familyconnections64．A．contributeto B．resultfrom C．a(chǎn)ddto D．holdback65．A．inspiring B．encouraging C．a(chǎn)ppealing D．discouraging66．A．reluctance B．eagerness C．readiness D．resolutionSectionBPassages（A）Whenyouthinkaboutcoffeealternatives,garlicisprobablyoneofthelastthingsthatcomestomind,butthatisexactlytheingredientthatoneJapaneseinventorusedtocreateadrinkthatlooksandtasteslikecoffee.74-year-oldYokitomoShimotai,acoffeeshopownerinAomoriPrefecture,Japan,claimsthathisunique“garliccoffee”istheresultofacookingblunderhemadeover30yearsago,whenheburnedasteakandgarlicwhilewaitingtablesatthesametime.Intriguedbytheburntgarlic’ssmell,hemasheditupwithaspoonandmixeditwithhotwater.Theresultingdrinklookedandtastedalotlikecoffee.Makingamentalnoteofhisdiscovery,Yokimotocarriedonwithhisjobandonlystartedresearchinggarliccoffeeagainafterheretired.Committedtoturninghisweirddrinkintoacommercialproduct,YokitomoShimotaispentyearsoptimizingtheformula,andaboutfiveyearsago,hefinallyachievedaresulthewassatisfiedwith.Tomakehisdissolvablegarlicgrounds,heroaststhecloves（蒜瓣）inanelectricoven,andafterthey’vecooledoff,smashesthemintofineparticlesandpacksthemindripbags.“Mydrinkisprobablytheworld’sfirstofitskind,”thegarliccoffeeinventortoldKyodoNews.“Itcontainsnocaffeinesoit’sgoodforthosewhowouldliketodrinkcoffeeatnightorpregnantwomen.”“Thebitternessofburnedgarlicapparentlyhelpscreatethecoffee-likeflavor,”Shimotaiadds.Heclaimsthat,althoughhisgarliccoffeedoesgiveoffanaromaofroastedgarlic,itdoesn’tcausebadbreath,becausethegarlicisthoroughlycooked.Andifyoucangetpastthesmell,thedrinkapparentlydoestastealotlikeactualcoffee.Ifdecafisn’tgoodenoughforyou,andyou’reinthemoodforsomethingnew,youcantryYokitomoShimotai’sgarliccoffeeathisshop,inthecityofNinohc,lwatePrefecture,orbuyyourowndripbagsforjust324yen（$2.8）.67．Whichwordistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“blunder”inthesecondparagraph?Amistake B．show C．mixture D．brand68．WhoisNOTsuitabletodrinkgarliccoffee?A．Astudenthavingtroublewithsleep B．Awomanbearingababy.C．Acleanerworkingonadayshift. D．Ayoungladysickofgarlic.69．WhichofthefollowingisNOTcharacteristicofgarliccoffee?A．Itiscaffeine-free. B．GarlicpowderdissolvesinwaterC．Theburntgarliccreatesbitterness. D．Itisanimprovementonagarlicdish.70．WhichofthefollowingcanbeusedtodescribeYokitomoShimotai?A．Venturousandgreedy B．InnovativeandperseverantC．Hardworkingandcautious D．Observantandhelpful（B）TheSleepofYourDreamsAccordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,athirdofusdon’tgetnearlyenoughshut-eye.Ourcollectivetirednesshaspromoteda$41billionmarketfordevicespromisingmore—andhigher-quality—sleep.Inmyeverlastingsearchfordowntime,Itestedsomeofthemostpromisingones.Here’showtheystackedup.Eightsleeptracker$299Thismattress（床墊）topperfitsunderasheetand“turnsanybedintoasmartbed,”accordingtoEight.WhileIslept,thesensor-decoratedpadgathereddatalikeheartrate,periodsofdeepestsleep,andnumberofturns.Itwaseasytouse,andIlikedthewarmingfeature,whichletmeseteachsideofthebedtoadifferenttemperature.REMScore:8（outof10）Dreampadpillow$149andupTheDreampadusessmoothsoundscapestohelpyoupowerdown.ConnectthedevicetoyourphoneviaBluetoothorUSB,andthepillowemitssoftmusic,audibleonlytoyouasyoulayyourheaddown.Therearetentracksonoffer.Ididn’tdriftoffanyfasterwiththeDreampad,butitdidhelpmefallbackasleepwhenIwokeupatnight.REMScore:6SmartNoraWirelessSnoringSolution$299Myeight-hourrestfulhappinessisfrequentlyinterruptedbymyhusband’ssnoring.TheSmartNorarelievesmeoftheneedtopushhim.Whenthebedsideaudiosensordetectsabreathingdisturbance,itslowlyblowsuptheoffender’spillow,gentlyshiftingthemintoafreer-breathingposition.Myhusbandsometimeswokeupbrieflybutwassoonasleepagain.REMScore:8NightingaleSmartHomeSleepSystem$149TheNightingaleishi-tech.Twoapp-enabledunitswraptheroominablanketofwarmsound.Youcanalsoprogramthesystemtoprovideweatherandtrafficinformationwhenyouwakeup.Theonlydownside:instandbymode,itemitsafaintnoise.REMScore:9*REM:rapideyemovement（describesaperiodofsleepduringwhichyoudreamandyoureyesmakesmallmovements）71．By“howtheystackedup”inparagraph1,theauthorprobablymeans“howthey______.”A．makesensetomanufacturers B．getstuckinstoresCarecomparedwitheachother D．a(chǎn)repileduptogether72．Whichofthefollowingdevicesfavourablyreactstousers?A．Dreampadpillow B．EightsleeptrackerC．SmartNoraWirelessSnoringSolution D．NightingaleSmartHomeSleepSystem73．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．TheEightkeepstheentirebedatthesametemperature.B．TheNightinga,isaneconomicalbutperfectdevice.C．Softmusicisappliedtoallthesefourdevices.D．Oneinthreepeoplesufferfromsleepproblem.（C）Onewaytodivideuptheworldisbetweenpeoplewholiketoexplorenewpossibilitiesandthosewhosticktothetriedandtrue.Infact,thetensionbetweenbettingonasurethingandtakingachancethatsomethingunexpectedandwonderfulmighthappentroubleshumanandnonhumananimalsalike.Takesongbirds,forexample.Thehalf-dozenfinches（雀）restingatmydeskfeederallsummerknowexactlywhatthey’llfindthere:blacksunflowerseed,andlotsofit.Meanwhile,thewarblers（鶯）exploringthewoodsnearbydon’tdependonthispredictablefoodsourceinfineweather.Asfoodhunters,theyenjoylessexposuretopredatorsand,asabonus,thechancetomeettheperfectmateflyingfromtreetotree.This“explore-exploit”trade-off（權(quán)衡）haspromptedscoresoflabstudies,computersimulationsandalgorithms（算法）,tryingtodeterminewhichstrategybringsinthegreatestreward.Nowanewstudyofhumanbehaviorintherealworld,publishedlastmonthinthejournalNatureCommunications,showsthatingoodtimes,thereisn’tmuchofadifferencebetweenpursuingnoveltyandstickingtothestatusquo（原狀）.Whenthegoinggetstough.however,explorersarethewinners.Thenewstudy,ledbyShayO’FarrellandJamesSanchirico,bothoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis,alongwithOrrSpiegelofTelAvivUniversity,examinedtheroutesandresultsofnearly2,500commercialfishingtripsintheGulfofMexicooveraperiodof2.5years.Thestudyfocusedon“bottomlongline”fishing,asystemwherehundredsoflinesareattachedtoahorizontalbarthatisthenloweredtoreachtheseabed.Dr.O’Farrellexplainedtheprocedurethisway:Gotoalocationandputthelinedown.Stayforafewhours.Thelinesareamilelongandhaveabuoy（浮標）ateitherend.Whentheypullthatup,theyassessthecatch,andthendecideiftheywillstayormoveontoadifferentspot.Overtwoyearsofcollectingdataundervariousclimateconditions,theresearchersdiscoveredthatthefishermenwerefairlyconsistent.“Theexploiterswouldgotoasmallersetoflocationsoverandover,andgowithwhattheyknow,”Dr.O’Farrellsaid.Theexplorerswouldconstantlytryawiderrange;they’dsamplenewplaces.Inthelongrun,therewasn’tahugedifferenceinpayoffsbetweenthetwogroups,perhapsduetothesharinginformationbetweenfishingcrews,saidDr.O’Farrell.Butinchallengingtimes,thestudy’smessagewasclear:“Youcantrynewthingsinthefaceofuncertainty.”74．Theauthortakesthesongbirdasanexampletoindicatethat______.A．likebirds,humanstendtobesatisfiedwiththepredictableB．somebirdsareusedtolookingforfoodinsteadofbeingfedC．thereexisttheconservativeandtheadventurouslikehumansD．birdschoosedifferentwaystolookforfoodindifferentweather75．Accordingtothethirdparagraph,peoplewhomastered“explore-exploit”trade-off______.A．willchooseeithertopursuenoveltyorkeepthestatusquoB．a(chǎn)rereadytoriskintimeofdifficultyC．willbetoughingoodtimesandbadtimesD．willgrowtobeexpertsinlabstudies76．WhichcanbeinferredfromthenewstudyledbyShayO’FarrellandJamesSanchirico?A．Thetwogroupsreacttotheunexpecteddifferently.B．The“explore-exploit”trade-offhelpsscientificresearchalot.C．Theexploitersareusedtofishingbasedsolelyontheirexperience.D．Theexplorerstendtoachievemorethantheexploitersinthelongrun.77．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforpassage?A．HowtheExploiterdiffersfromtheExplorer B．HowtoBecomeaProductiveFishermanC．Whatis“Explore-Exploit”Trade-off D．WhentotakerisksmattersSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.FillineachblankwithapropersentencegivenintheEachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A．Cacaocontainshundredsofbioactiveplantcompounds,includingflavanols,whichhavebeenassociatedwithnumerouspossiblehealthbenefits.B．In2022,Sessoandcolleaguesfoundcompellingevidenceforthebenefitsofflavanols.C．Buttheresultsaren’tconclusive.D．Spurredbychocolate’spopularity,numerousstudieshaveexploredbowthenaturalchemicalcompoundsfoundincocoamightbegoodforhumanhealth.E．Allchocolatesaredefinitelynotcreatedequal.AE．Butthere’sstillmoreresearchtobedonetounderstandtheseeffects.TheMayalovedcacaosomuchthattheyusedthebeansascurrency.Theyalsobelieveditisgoodforyou—whichmanypeoplestillsaytodayaboutcacao’smostfamousbyproduct,chocolate.78.Whilesomehavesuggestedthatlessthananounceofdarkchocolatemightimprovehearthealth,muchoftheresearchdoesn’tinvolveeatingactualchocolatebutratheritscomponents—flavanol,especially.79.Inaclinicaltrialof21,000adults,theyfoundthatthehalfofthegroupthattook500mgof.cocoaflavanolsupplementsdailyhadasignificantlylowerriskofdeathfromcardiovasculardiseasethanthosewhohadtakenaplacebo（安慰劑）.Flavanolsmayalsoboostinsulinsensitivity,accordingtosomestudies,whichmightbehelpfulinreducingtheriskoftype2diabetes（糖尿?。?80.Thoseatriskofdiabetesmightbewisetochooseacacao-inspiredsupplementinsteadofeatingchocolate—andthesugaritcontains.Otherresearchsuggeststhattheflavanolsfoundincacao（alsopresentinfruits,vegetables,andtea）couldslowcognitivedeclineduringaging,orevenboostbrainperformancebyimprovingbloodflowtothecerebralcortex.Whatthesefindingsmeanforchocolateislimited,however.Participantswouldhavehadtoeatmultiplefatandsugarfilledchocolatebarsadaytosource500mgofflavanols.81.Sounderstandingwhycertaintypesofchocolatearehealthierthantherestisthefocusoffurtherresearch.Ⅳ．FillintheBlanksHowsneakerculturetookovertheworldSneakershavecomealongwayfromwhentheywerefirstinventedin1860sEnglandfortheupper-classplayingcroquet（槌球）andtennis.Longwornforfunction8282fashion,todaysneakershavebecomeanentireculture—bothaformofself-expressionandahighartfoundinmuseumexhibitsanddesignerauctionhouses.83transformedsneakercultureintoatruephenomenonwasthe1985releaseofNike’sAirJordan1s.In1984,MichaelJordanwasatalentedrookiewhohadyettoplayinaprofessionalgame.84that,NikesawJordanasthefutureoftheirbrand,sig