英語(yǔ)高中高一下學(xué)期七選五培優(yōu)試卷測(cè)試卷(含答案)

英語(yǔ)高中高一下學(xué)期七選五培優(yōu)試卷測(cè)試卷（含答案）HowtoFocusonStudyingUnlessyouhaveastrongdesiretolearntheinformationordevelopaskill,itcanbehardtofocusallofyourattention.Herearesomeofthebesttricksthathelpyouincreaseyourfocusonstudying.____1____Chosearightspot.And,inordertoconcentrate,youmustremovethethingsdistracting(分心)you.Putawaymobiledevices.TurnofftheTV.Sitawayfrompeoplemakingloudnoises.Comeprepared.____2____Havepens,paper,textbooksoranythingnecessaryathand.Youshouldtakecareofeverythingoutsideofstudyingbeforeyousitdowntofocus.Ifnot,you’lljustendupgettinguprepeatedly.Makeaschedule.Aimtoworkfor30-60minuteperiodswith5-10minutebreaksinbetween.Itisaloteasiertopushyourselfforasetperiodoftime,ifyouknowyouhaveabreakcomingup.____3____Studyingthesamethingfortoolongisaninvitationtoboredom(枯燥).Makelistsandbreakdowntasks.Writedownyourstudygoalsforthatday.Makesurethetaskiswithinyourability.Itworksforanytasklikereadingabook,studyingforatest,orwhatever.Andifyouneedtowrite10pagesinaweek,scheduleyourselftowrite2pagesadayfor5days.____4____Varyyourstudytechniques____5____Varietywillkeepyouinterestedinyourstudiesandmakeyourtimemoreefficient.Bystudyingwithdifferenttechniques,yourbrainwillprocesstheinformationdifferently,thusincreasingthechanceofkeepingtheinformation.A．Findasuitableplace.B．Getridofdistractions.C．Breakthetaskintomanageableparts.D．Don’tlimityourselftoonestudymethod.E．BesuretohaveallthematerialsneededtoworkF．Setascheduletomakefulluseofyourstudytime.G．Besides,scheduleyourselftostudydifferentsubjects.Goodstudyhabitsplayanimportantroleinraisingconfidenceandgettinghighermarksinexams.Ofcourse,it’susuallyhardtobuildlastingstudyhabitsatfirst,butitwon’tbetoolongbeforeyournewgoodhabitsbecomepartofyourroutine.____6____Setadailystudytime.Studyingforatestbeginswellbeforeyoureachexamday.____7____Byreservingaspecifictimeeachdayforstudying,itcanbeeasiertofocus,becauseyouwon’thavetoworryaboutanyotherthingscompetingforyourattention.Arrangeyourstudyspace.Chooseanareathatisclean,well-lit,andfreeofdistractions.Avoidsittinginfrontofthetelevisionoraroundabusypartofyourhome.Somepeopleliketostudyinthelibraryorcoffeeshop.____8____Turnoffyourelectronics.Electronicdevicesareabigdistraction,soremembertoturnoffyourphoneandtelevision.Keepyourcellphoneawayfromyou,asitwilldistractyou.____9____Whenyouneedtouseyourcomputerwhilestudying,stayawayfromsocialmedia,emails,andoff-topicwebsites.____10____Planasmallrewardforeachdayyoustudy,suchastimeplayingyourfavoritegame,apieceofcandy,ormoneytosetasideforsomethingyoureallywant.Thinkofaweeklyrewardformeetingeachdailygoalthatweek,suchasafewhourswithyourfriends.A．Youshouldsetasidetimeeverydaytostudy.B．Onlycheckyourmessagesduringbreaktime.C．Rewardyourselfformeetingyourstudygoals.D．Leaveyourselfenoughtimeforgamesortimewithfriends.E．Tobetteryourstudyhabits,youcanemployefficientwaysofstudying.F．Breaktheinformationdownsoyou’reonlydealingwithalittleeachday.G．Butthismaynotworkforyouifyou’reeasilydistractedbymovementornoises.Whyplaysports?Youmightsay“togetexercise”andyouwouldberight.Tohavefun?That'strue,too.Butthere'smore.___11___AccordingtotheWomen'sSportsFoundation,girlswhoplaysportsgetalotmorethanjustfit.Girlswhoplaysportsdobetterinschool.Youmightthinkthatathleticswilltakeupallyourstudytime.___12___Exerciseimproveslearning,memory,andconcentration,whichcangiveactivegirlsanadvantageintheclassroom.Girlswhoplaysportslearnteamworkandgoal-settingskills.___13___Whenworkingwithcoaches,trainers,andteammatestowingamesandachievegoals,you'relearninghowtobesuccessful.Thoseskillswillserveyouwellatworkandinfamilylife.Sportsaregoodforagirl'shealth.Inadditiontobeingfitandkeepingahealthyweight,girlswhoplaysportsarealsolesslikelytosmoke.Andlaterinlife,girlswhoexercisearelesslikelytogetbreastcancerorosteoporosis(骨質(zhì)疏松癥).Playingsportsimprovesself-confidence.___14___Why?Itbuildsconfidencewhenyouknowyoucanpractice,improve,andachieveyourgoals.Sportsarealsoafeel-goodactivitybecausetheyhelpgirlsgetinshape,keepahealthyweight,andmakenewfriends.___15___Playingsportscanreducestressandhelpyoufeelalittlehappier.How?Thebrainchemicalsleasedduringexerciseimproveaperson'smood.Friendsareanothermood-lifter.Andbeinginateamcreatestightbondsbetweenfriends.It'sgoodtoknowyourteammateswillsupportyou-bothonandoffthefield!A．Exercisecutsthepressure.B．Sportsteachvaluablelifeskills.C．Regularexerciseincreasesqualityoflife.D．Infact,thereareatleastfivemorereasons.E．Girlswhoplaysportsfeelbetteraboutthemselves.F．Playingsportsofferschildrenmorethanjustphysicalbenefits.G．Butresearchshowsthatgirlswhoplaysportsdobetterinschoolthanthosewhodon't.Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,wedon’tknowhowdifferentourlifewillbeinthefuture.___16___.Atfirstwethinkabouthumanrelationships.Intheyear2050,wewillusecomputersalmosteveryday.WewillbemakingnewfriendsthroughtheInternet—evenourhusbandsorwiveswillbemetinthisway.___17___.Ontheotherhand,ourrelationshipwithpeoplewon’tbeasimportantastheyaretoday—wewillfeelalittlelonely.Computerswillalsohelpusinmanyotheractivitiesin2050.Forexample,theywillbeusedbythechildrenatschooltomaketheirlearningeasier.Inaddition,therewillbemuchmoreothermachineswhichwillplayasimilarroleascomputers,likerobotswhichwilldothehouseworkforus.___18___.Travelingtootherplanetsortothemoonwillalsobeavailableforeveryone.Meansoftransportwill,ofcourse,change,too.Wewillbeusingsolar-poweredcars,whichwillbemuchmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Wecouldexpectthatthefastertechnologicalprogresswouldleadtoamorepollutedenvironment.Butitisn’ttrue.___19___.And,scientistswillprobablyfindcuresformanydangerousdiseases,likecancerorAIDS.Therefore,oursurroundingsaswellashealthwillbeinabettercondition.Althoughwecan’tpredicttheexactchangeswhichwillbemadeintheworld,weoftenthinkaboutthem.Weworryaboutourandourchildren’sfuture;wehaveexpectations,hopesaswellasfears.ButIthinkweshouldberatherconfidentaboutourfuture.___20___.A．However,weareconvincedofthefollowingB．WeshouldbehappyandbelievegoodthingswillhappenC．WewillpaymoreattentiontoprotectingtheenvironmentD．WecanonlyimagineitE．SpendingholidayswillalsobecompletelydifferentF．ItwillbemuchfasterandeasierforusG．OurenvironmentwillbemorepollutedU.N.ReportWarnsNatureCrisisAnewU.N.reportfocusesonthenegativeeffectsofhumanactivityonnature.Itsaysonemillionplantandanimalspeciesonland,intheseasandintheskyarenowindangerofextinction.The1,800reporttookthreeyearstofinish.___21___TheEarthhasalwayssufferedfromhumanactivity,itsays.However,thesescratches(劃傷)havebecomedeepscars(傷疤)overthepast50years.Speciesaregoingtoextinctseveralhundredtimesfasterthantheaveragerateduringthepasttenmillionyears.It’ssomethingthathasneverhappenedbeforeinhumanhistory.___22___Since1970,thehumanpopulationhasdoubled.Theglobaleconomyhasgrownbyfourtimes.Tofeed,clotheandgiveenergytothisfast-changingworld,lotsofforestshavebeencutdown.___23___Furthermore,hunting,overfishingandpollutionhavealsobeenkillingspeciesingreatnumbers.Theproblemcanbefixed,thereportsays.___24___Theamountoflandandseathatisunderprotectionneedstoincreaserapidly.ThereportsuggestsgovernmentsmoveawayfromusingGDPasakeymeasureofdevelopment.Long-termeffectsmustbeconsidered,too.ProfessorEduardoBrondizioofIndianaUniversityisanauthorofthereport.Hesays,“Weallknowwhatneedstobedone.Theknowledgeisthere.___25___“A．However,thisrequiresmanychanges.B．Over120wildlifespeciesarefacingextinction.C．Onlyexpertsknowhowtoaddresstheproblem.D．Thereportlistedseveralcausesforthesituation.E．Therejustneedstobeagreaterwilltotakeaction.F．Itdrawsontheworkof450scientistsfromdozensofcountries.G．Between1980and2000,onemillionsquarekilometersoftropical(熱帶的)forestwerelost.TheDancingHouseinPrague,Czechia,isdesignedbyFrankGehryandVladoMiluni?.Whenitwasfirstbuilt,itcausedabigdebatebecauseofitsunusualdesign.Thoseagainstitsaidthebuildingisnotsuitableforthesurrounding.____26____BeforeWorldWarII,therewasa19th-centurybuildingwheretheDancingHouseistoday.Duetothedamageofthatbuilding,afterthewar,itwasdecidedtobuildanewandmodernbuildingtoreplace(替代)it.____27____Buthedidn’tacceptit.Later,FrankGehryandVladoMiluni?tooktheprojectanddesignedthisuniquebuilding.ThebuildingoftheDancingHousestartedin1992andcompletedin1996.Thehouseincludestwomainbuildings.Onehascurved(弧形的)supportingcolumns(柱)withglasscoveredoutsides.____28____Thesebuildingsleanintoeachotherliketheyaredancing.____29____ThebuildingwasalsocalledFredandGinger.GingerRogersandFredAstairewereawell-knowndancecouple.Theygaveinspirationstothisdesign.That’swhythecornertowersofthisbuildingsymbolizeadancingcouplewithacurvedshapeandswinginglines.ThecurvedformofthebuildingcanbefeltinsideoftheDancingHouseaswell.Inclinedcolumns,metalsupportsandwavywallsremindvisitorswhatauniquebuildingtheyarein.____30____ItispossibletoenjoyanamazingviewofPragueintherestaurant.A．TheprojectwasfirstgiventoJeanNouvel.B．Theotherisabuildingwiththewavyform.C．Atfirstnoonewaswillingtotaketheproject.D．Actuallythenameofthebuildingattractsinterest.E．Insidethebuildingthereisarestaurant,ahotelandcompanyoffices.F．However,todayitisacceptedasoneofthefamousbuildingsofPrague.G．Visitorscantouraroundthemuseuminsidetoknowmoreaboutthebuilding.Therearemanytheoriesthatsuggestdifferentwaysofimprovingmemoryorthinkingmoreclearly.Oneofthoseistheideathataddingrosemary(迷迭香)toyourfoodorwater,orevenbreathinginitsfragrance,cangiveyourbrainaboost.First,it’simportanttounderstandwhatrosemaryis.____31____It’saperennial,meaningthatonceyouplantit,itshouldre-groweveryyearwhentheweatheriswarmenoughforittodoso.It’snativetoAsiaandtheMediterranean.____32____Rosemaryisrelatedtothemint(薄荷)familyofplants.Whenitblooms,itsflowersarewhite,purple,pinkordeepblue.Itisoftenusedasaflavorinfood,includingsoups,meat,fishandotherMediterraneanfood.Andithasasomewhatbitterflavor.Somepeoplealsoenjoyteaflavoredwithrosemary.____33____Onestudythatinvolved28olderadultsfoundthatconsumptionofasmallamountofdriedrosemarypowderwasassociatedwithstatisticallysignificantlyimprovedmemoryspeed.____34____Researchersfoundthattheirmemoryofimagesandnumbersimprovedwhentheessentialoilofrosemarywassprayedintheroom.____35____Butonetheoryisthatrosemaryappearstohavesomeantioxidant(抗氧劑)propertiesthatmayoffersomehealingforthedamageinourbodies.Anotherideaisthatrosemaryappearstoloweranxiety,whichinturn,mayincreasetheabilitytoconcentrate.Whilerosemaryshowssomepromiseforboostingourbrainpower,it’simportanttocheckwithyourdoctorbeforeyoubeginhavingit.A．ButitisgrownintheUnitedStates,aswell.B．Rosemaryisaherbwithneedle-likeleaves.C．Here’swhatresearchhasfoundaboutrosemary.D．Itisunknownifthosebenefitswouldholdtrueforhumans.E．It’snotknownforsurewhytheremaybeabenefitfromrosemary.F．Rosemaryisalsousedasaperfumeandaddedtoshampooandsoap.G．Anotherstudywasperformedwith53studentsbetween13and15yearsold.FourWaystoBeattheMondayBluesFormostworkersandstudents,Mondayisthetoughestday,whichimpliesthatthehappyweekendisover,whilethenewweekofworkandstudyhasjustbegun.However,Mondayalwayscomesasusual.____36____Thefollowingfourtipscanhelpyougreetthecomingweekfullofenergy.____37____Insteadoffocusingonthedifficulttasksthatlieaheadofyou,youcanmakealistbywritingdownsomethingsthatyouarelookingforwardto.Agoodplacetostartistothinkofonethingyouareexcitedaboutforeachcategory:atwork,afterwork,andattheweekend.Sleephasahugeeffectonourmood.AccordingtoHarvardMedicalSchool,“poorsleepcancauseeasyangerandstress,whilehealthysleepcanincreasewell-being.”So,nexttimeifyoufindyourselfalittlemoreshort-temperedthannormal,sleepmaybetheanswer.____38____It’sworthtakingthisintoconsiderationonSundaytoavoidalackofenergyonaMondaymorning.Don’tunderestimate（低估）thepowerofclothing.Infact,psychologistsconcludethatthestronglinkbetweenclothingandmoodsuggestsweshouldputonclothesthatweassociatewithhappiness,evenwhenfeelinglow.____39____KeepMonday’sschedulealittlelighterthanotherdays.Afteraweekendoffun,don’tgiveyourselfatootightschedule,pleasetakeiteasy.____40____Itmeansputtingsometimeintotheeasiertasks.PuttinglesspressureonyourselfisagoodwaytobeattheMondayBlues.A．Justdosmallandeasythings.B．Thinkaboutallthegoodtocome.C．Sinceyoucan’tescape,you’dbetterfaceitbravely!D．Thisdoesn’tmeansittingaroundandbeinglostinyourblues.E．ReduceMondayBluesbyallowingyourselftodoeverythingwithmoreease.F．Inshort,nothingisbetterthanwearingwhatmakesyoufeelgreatonMonday!G．Takeanaptoenergizeorgettobedearliertonighttomakeupforsleep.ManyregionsinChinahaveintroducedCOVID-19vaccination(接種疫苗)amongchildrenaged3to11.Kidsareencouragedtotakeitandtheprojectisprogressing,whichmightbeimportanttostoppingthespreadofthecoronavirus.____41____Whydochildrengetthesamedosage(劑量)asadults?Whenchildrengetsick,theyaregenerallygivenareduceddosage.ManyparentsareworriedthatthesameCOVID-19vaccinedosagewillbeaburdenonthesmallbody.Sothereisneedforproperdoseinchildren.____42____.Theprocessofvaccinestakingeffecthasnorelationwiththeweightandbodysurfaceareaofthereceiver.Infact,forthemajorityofvaccines,therecommendeddosesforbothbabiesandadultsarethesame.Canchildrenhavefullimmunity(免疫力)afterreceivingtheCOVID-19vaccine?Someparentsdoubtwhethervaccinatingchildrenaged3to11canproducethedueimmuneeffectastheirimmunesystemsarestilldeveloping.Actually,vaccinescanworkexactlythesameinbothchildrenandadults.Thevaccinewillproduceanear100percentimmuneresponseinchildren.____43____SothesamevaccinationstrategyhasbeenadoptedforallagegroupsinChina.____44____Avaccinehastogothroughastrictprocedurebeforebeingwidelyusedinaspecificagegroup.Enoughdataneedtobecollectedtogetemergencyuseorcomeontothemarket.Sothemedicalexperimentshavetobeconsideredinadvance.Chinahascarriedoutaseriesofsuchstudies.Basedonresearchresnlts,theriskofnegativereactionsinchildrenisnohigherthanthatofadults.____45____.Sofarthemostfrequentlyreportedthreenegativereactionsarefever,painandtiredness.Atpresent,thegovernmentisplanningtostudychildrenasyoungas6monthsoldinthefuture.A．Willthevaccineworkonchildrenforever?B．IstheCOVID-19vaccinesafeforchildren?C．Theviruswaseithercarriedbyapersonorwithgoods.D．However,thewaythevaccinesworkdiffersfromthatofotherdrugs.E．Someparentsfindthemselveshavingquestionsaboutthevaccination.F．Thishasalsobeenprovedtrueinmedicalexperimentsondifferentagegroups.G．TheCOVID-19vaccinationforchildrenaged3to11hasbeeninprogressforsometime.Inrecentyears,sciencefictionsarebecomingincreasinglypopular.Sciencefictionwritersusingtheirmagicalimaginationcreateimaginaryworldsthatattractagreatnumberofreadersespeciallyteenagers.Buthowcantheymakeitsobelievable?____46____Thewaythingsworkinyourimaginaryworldswillbebasedonactualscience.Soyoumustbefamiliarwiththescientificlawsrelatedtoyourcreation.Ifyou’rewritingabouthumanslivingonaplanetwithzerogravity,thenyouneedtoknowtheeffectsofzerogravityonthehumanbody.____47____Onlyinthiswaycanyougainthereaders’trust.Thentherulesinyourcreationcanbedifferentfromourdailylife,soyouhavetofigureouttheexactrulesofyourimaginaryworlds.____48____Forexample,ifhumansinyourcreationareabletobreatheunderwaterinChapter1,yourcharacterscan’tdrown(溺水)inaswimmingpoolorriverinChapter3.____49____Youshoulddecidethefollowingissues:thehistoryoftheworld,thegeography,whatpossibilitiesitoffers,howeverythingworksinthisnewreality,aswellashowallofthesefactorsaffectthewayyourcharactersthink,feel,andreact.Youdon’thavetotellyourreadersalltherulesinthefirstchapter.Butyouhavetoletreadersknowenoughtounderstandwhat’sgoingon.Whenyouarewriting,remembertomakeitfeelreal.Youarecreatinganewrealworldforthereaders.____50____Theyareabletosee,hear,feel,smell,andeventastewhatit’slikeinthenewworld.Whetheryournovelisaboutaworldwithoutdiseaseoranundiscoveredplanet,helpyourreadersfeellikethey’reactuallythere.A．Andyouhavetofollowthem.B．Youareinvitingthemtovisitthenewworld.C．Youhavetogetrichimaginationtocreatesciencefictions.D．Makesurewhatyouarewritingisnotagainstbasicscience.E．Charactersintheimaginaryworldsalwayshavesuperpower.F．Hereyouwillfindtheanswerifyouarelongingtocreateone.G．Yourpreparationworkalsoinvolvesplanningeverythingingreatdetail.【參考答案】***試卷處理標(biāo)記，請(qǐng)不要?jiǎng)h除1．無(wú)1、B牝2、E牝3、F牝4、C牝5、D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些有助于提高學(xué)習(xí)注意力的方法。牝1、下文“And,inordertoconcentrate,youmustremovethethingsdistractingyou.Putawaymobiledevices.TurnofftheTV.Sitawayfrompeoplemakingloudnoises.(而且，為了集中注意力，你必須消除那些讓你分心的事情。收起移動(dòng)設(shè)備。關(guān)掉電視。遠(yuǎn)離喧鬧的人)”說(shuō)明要擺脫那些使你分心的事情，B項(xiàng)“擺脫分心”可以作為本段標(biāo)題句，符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。牝2、上文“Comeprepared.(有備而來(lái))”說(shuō)明要做好準(zhǔn)備，以及下文“Havepens,paper,textbooksoranythingnecessaryathand.(手頭有筆、紙、教科書(shū)或任何必要的東西)”具體說(shuō)明需要準(zhǔn)備的東西，E項(xiàng)“一定要準(zhǔn)備好工作所需的所有材料”承上啟下，符合題意。故選E項(xiàng)。牝3、上文“Aimtoworkfor30-60minuteperiodswith5-10minutebreaksinbetween.Itisaloteasiertopushyourselfforasetperiodoftime,ifyouknowyouhaveabreakcomingup.(目標(biāo)是工作30-60分鐘，中間休息5-10分鐘。如果你知道自己即將休息，那么在一段固定的時(shí)間內(nèi)督促自己要容易得多)”說(shuō)明要制定目標(biāo)，充分利用學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“制定一個(gè)時(shí)間表，充分利用你的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間”承接上文，符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)。牝4、上文“Makelistsandbreakdowntasks.Writedownyourstudygoalsforthatday.Makesurethetaskiswithinyourability.(列出清單并分解任務(wù)。寫(xiě)下你那天的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)。確保任務(wù)在你的能力范圍內(nèi))”說(shuō)明要列出清單，將任務(wù)分解，以確保任務(wù)是可以完成的，C項(xiàng)中Breakthetask是關(guān)鍵詞，C項(xiàng)“將任務(wù)分解為可處理的部分”呼應(yīng)上文，符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。牝5、上文“Varyyourstudytechniques.(改變你的學(xué)習(xí)技巧)”說(shuō)明要適時(shí)改變學(xué)習(xí)技巧，D項(xiàng)“不要局限于一種學(xué)習(xí)方法”說(shuō)明要改變學(xué)習(xí)方法，不局限于一種方法，承接上文，符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)。6、E牝7、A牝8、G牝9、B牝10、C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了養(yǎng)成良好學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣的一些方法。牝6、根據(jù)上文“Ofcourse,it’susuallyhardtobuildlastingstudyhabitsatfirst,butitwon’tbetoolongbeforeyournewgoodhabitsbecomepartofyourroutine.”（當(dāng)然，一開(kāi)始養(yǎng)成持久的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣通常很難，但用不了多久，你的新好習(xí)慣就會(huì)成為你日常生活的一部分。）空處為文章首段的最后一句，且下文開(kāi)始介紹養(yǎng)成良好學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣的具體措施，所以空處為承上啟下句。選項(xiàng)E“Tobetteryourstudyhabits,youcanemployefficientwaysofstudying.(為了改善你的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，你可以采用有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法。)”既呈上文說(shuō)明了改善學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，同時(shí)有引出下文的有效方法。故選E項(xiàng)。牝7、根據(jù)下文“Byreservingaspecifictimeeachdayforstudying,itcanbeeasiertofocus,becauseyouwon’thavetoworryaboutanyotherthingscompetingforyourattention.(通過(guò)每天預(yù)留一個(gè)特定的時(shí)間來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)，它可以更容易集中注意力，因?yàn)槟悴槐負(fù)?dān)心任何其他事情爭(zhēng)奪你的注意力。)”可知，空處提的是每天預(yù)留一定的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)。選項(xiàng)A“Youshouldsetasidetimeeverydaytostudy.(你應(yīng)該每天留出時(shí)間來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。)”與下文內(nèi)容一致。故選A項(xiàng)。牝8、根據(jù)上文“Arrangeyourstudyspace.Chooseanareathatisclean,well-lit,andfreeofdistractions.Avoidsittinginfrontofthetelevisionoraroundabusypartofyourhome.Somepeopleliketostudyinthelibraryorcoffeeshop.(安排你的學(xué)習(xí)空間。選擇一個(gè)干凈、光線(xiàn)充足、沒(méi)有干擾的地方。不要坐在電視機(jī)前，也不要坐在家里忙碌的地方。有些人喜歡在圖書(shū)館或咖啡店學(xué)習(xí)。)”可知，本段介紹的是學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境。選項(xiàng)G“Butthismaynotworkforyouifyou’reeasilydistractedbymovementornoises.(但如果你很容易被運(yùn)動(dòng)或噪音分散注意力，這可能對(duì)你不起作用。)”中“movement”和“noises”指的正是上文中“l(fā)ibrary”和“coffeeshop”這兩個(gè)場(chǎng)所的特點(diǎn)。故選G項(xiàng)。牝9、根據(jù)空前“Keepyourcellphoneawayfromyou,asitwilldistractyou.(讓你的手機(jī)遠(yuǎn)離你，因?yàn)樗鼤?huì)分散你的注意力)”以及空后“Whenyouneedtouseyourcomputerwhilestudying,stayawayfromsocialmedia,emails,andoff-topicwebsites.(當(dāng)你需要使用你的電腦學(xué)習(xí)，遠(yuǎn)離社交媒體，電子郵件，和不相關(guān)的網(wǎng)站。)”可知，這里指的都是正確使用電子設(shè)備。選項(xiàng)B“Onlycheckyourmessagesduringbreaktime.(只在休息時(shí)間查看你的信息。)”與上下文內(nèi)容一致，故選B項(xiàng)。牝10、空處為段首句，為本段中心句。下文“Planasmallrewardforeachdayyoustudy,suchastimeplayingyourfavoritegame,apieceofcandy,ormoneytosetasideforsomethingyoureallywant.Thinkofaweeklyrewardformeetingeachdailygoalthatweek,suchasafewhourswithyourfriends.(為你學(xué)習(xí)的每一天計(jì)劃一個(gè)小獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，比如玩你最喜歡的游戲的時(shí)間，一塊糖果，或錢(qián)留出來(lái)買(mǎi)你真正想要的東西。想一下，如果你完成了每天的目標(biāo)，就給自己一個(gè)每周獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，比如和朋友在一起待幾個(gè)小時(shí)。)”講述的是一旦完成學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)，就獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)一下自己。選項(xiàng)C“Rewardyourselfformeetingyourstudygoals.(完成學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)后獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)自己。)”與下文一致。故選C項(xiàng)。11、D牝12、G牝13、B牝14、E牝15、A【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要講了參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)于女孩的益處，這里列舉了五個(gè)益處，包括女孩在學(xué)校會(huì)表現(xiàn)的更好，在家庭，工作生活中起到作用，增加自信，減少壓力等?！驹斀狻?.根據(jù)上文“Whyplaysports?Youmightsay“togetexercise”andyou’dberight.Tohavefun?That’strue,too.Butthere’smore.”（為什么運(yùn)動(dòng)?你可能會(huì)說(shuō)“鍛煉身體”，你是對(duì)的。玩得開(kāi)心嗎?這是真的。但還有更多。）下文“AccordingtotheWomen’sSportsFoundation,girlswhoplaysportsgetalotmorethanjustagoodfigure.”（根據(jù)女子運(yùn)動(dòng)基金會(huì)的說(shuō)法，參加運(yùn)動(dòng)的女孩不只是身材好。）同時(shí)結(jié)合下文講的是五個(gè)原因。所以，設(shè)空處和上文為承接關(guān)系，是過(guò)渡句，可以表述為事實(shí)上有五個(gè)原因。選項(xiàng)D.“Infact,thereareatleast5morereasons.”（事實(shí)上，至少還有5個(gè)原因。）切題。5morereasons呼應(yīng)下文的各個(gè)小標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。2.根據(jù)上文“Girlswhoplaysportsdobetterinschool.Youmightthinkthatplayingsportswilltakeupallyourstudytime.”（做運(yùn)動(dòng)的女孩在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)更好。你可能認(rèn)為做運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)占用你所有的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間。）下文“Exerciseimproveslearning,memory,andconcentration,whichcangiveactivegirlsanadvantageintheclassroom.”（鍛煉可以提高學(xué)習(xí)能力、記憶力和注意力，這可以讓活躍的女孩在課堂上占有優(yōu)勢(shì)。）說(shuō)明了鍛煉給女孩帶來(lái)的好處，所以空白處和上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，表明鍛煉會(huì)給女孩帶來(lái)好處的。G項(xiàng)“Butresearchshowsgirlswhoplaysportsdobetterinschoolthanthosewhodon’t.”（但研究表明，參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的女孩比不參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的女孩在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)更好。）該項(xiàng)中的But表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選G項(xiàng)。3.根據(jù)本段主題句“Girlswhoplaysportslearnteamworkandgoal-settingskills.”(參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的女孩能學(xué)習(xí)團(tuán)隊(duì)合作和目標(biāo)設(shè)定技巧。)下文“Whenyouworkwithcoaches,trainers,andteammatestowingamesandachievegoals,you’relearninghowbesuccessful.”（當(dāng)你與教練和隊(duì)友一起贏得比賽并實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)時(shí)，你就在學(xué)習(xí)如何成功。）講的是體育運(yùn)動(dòng)能傳授有價(jià)值的生活技巧。因而設(shè)空處應(yīng)總說(shuō)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)可以傳授一些生活技巧。B項(xiàng)”Sportsteachvaluablelifeskills.”(運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)教會(huì)有用的生活技巧。)符合本段文意，故選B項(xiàng)。4.根據(jù)上文“Playingsportsimprovesself-confidence.”（做運(yùn)動(dòng)可以增強(qiáng)自信。）所以接下來(lái)講述做運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)女孩的好處，E項(xiàng)“Girlswhoplaysportsfeelbetteraboutthemselves.”（喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)的女孩自我感覺(jué)更好。）切題。故選E項(xiàng)。5.本句作為段落主題句，結(jié)合上文提到的內(nèi)容，本段同樣講述做運(yùn)動(dòng)可以帶來(lái)好處。根據(jù)下文“Playingsportscanreducestressandhelpyoufeelalittlehappier.”（運(yùn)動(dòng)可以減少壓力，幫助你感覺(jué)更快樂(lè)。）所以，空白處講述運(yùn)動(dòng)可以減少壓力。A項(xiàng)“Exercisecutsthepressure.”（運(yùn)動(dòng)減少壓力）切題。故選A項(xiàng)。16、D牝17、F牝18、E牝19、C牝20、B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文作者對(duì)未來(lái)2050年的生活狀況進(jìn)行了合理想象，講述了科學(xué)技術(shù)在人際關(guān)系、交通工具、健康和環(huán)保等方面給人們生活帶來(lái)的變化。牝16、根據(jù)上文“Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,wedon’tknowhowdifferentourlifewillbeinthefuture.(隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，我們不知道我們未來(lái)的生活會(huì)有多么不同)”可知，上文提到未來(lái)的生活會(huì)有多么不同，可見(jiàn)只能想象未來(lái)的生活。故D選項(xiàng)“我們只能想象”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D項(xiàng)。牝17、根據(jù)上文“Atfirstwethinkabouthumanrelationships.Intheyear2050,wewillusecomputersalmosteveryday.WewillbemakingnewfriendsthroughtheInternet—evenourhusbandsorwiveswillbemetinthisway.(首先我們想到的是人際關(guān)系。在2050年，我們將幾乎每天都使用電腦。我們將通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)結(jié)交新朋友，甚至我們的丈夫或妻子也會(huì)通過(guò)這種方式認(rèn)識(shí))”可知，前文講述互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在未來(lái)人際交往中的廣泛應(yīng)用。由此可知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使得人際關(guān)系更加快捷便利。故F選項(xiàng)“這對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)將會(huì)更快和更容易”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F項(xiàng)。牝18、根據(jù)后文“Travelingtootherplanetsortothemoonwillalsobeavailableforeveryone.Meansoftransportwill,ofcourse,change,too.Wewillbeusingsolar-poweredcars,whichwillbemuchmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.(每個(gè)人都可以去其他星球或月球旅行。當(dāng)然，交通工具也會(huì)發(fā)生變化。我們將使用太陽(yáng)能汽車(chē)，這將更加環(huán)保)”可知，本段所講的是關(guān)于未來(lái)的旅行。故E選項(xiàng)“度假也會(huì)完全不同”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E項(xiàng)。牝19、根據(jù)上文“Wecouldexpectthatthefastertechnologicalprogresswouldleadtoamorepollutedenvironment.Butitisn’ttrue.(我們可以預(yù)見(jiàn)，更快的技術(shù)進(jìn)步會(huì)導(dǎo)致更嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染。但這不是真的)”以及后文“And,scientistswillprobablyfindcuresformanydangerousdiseases,likecancerorAIDS.Therefore,oursurroundingsaswellashealthwillbeinabettercondition.(而且，科學(xué)家可能會(huì)找到許多危險(xiǎn)疾病的治療方法，如癌癥或艾滋病。因此，我們的環(huán)境和健康將在一個(gè)更好的條件)”可知，本段講述的是關(guān)于未來(lái)的污染問(wèn)題。根據(jù)前面“amorepollutedenvironment”和“Butitisn’ttrue”可知，我們未來(lái)更加關(guān)注環(huán)保。故C選項(xiàng)“我們將更加重視環(huán)境保護(hù)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C項(xiàng)。牝20、根據(jù)上文“ButIthinkweshouldberatherconfidentaboutourfuture.(但我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該對(duì)未來(lái)充滿(mǎn)信心)”可知，上文提到要對(duì)未來(lái)充滿(mǎn)信心，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文具體說(shuō)明如何充滿(mǎn)信心，故B選項(xiàng)“我們應(yīng)該開(kāi)心，相信好事會(huì)發(fā)生”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B項(xiàng)。21、F牝22、D牝23、G牝24、A牝25、E【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了一份新的聚焦于人類(lèi)活動(dòng)對(duì)自然的負(fù)面影響的聯(lián)合國(guó)報(bào)告：海陸空的100萬(wàn)種植物和動(dòng)物因?yàn)槿祟?lèi)活動(dòng)而正面臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)，問(wèn)題可以解決，但是要真正付之于行動(dòng)。牝21、上文“The1,800reporttookthreeyearstofinish.(這份1800頁(yè)的報(bào)告花了三年時(shí)間才完成)”說(shuō)明聯(lián)合國(guó)報(bào)告花費(fèi)了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中It指代上文中的報(bào)告，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“它借鑒了來(lái)自數(shù)十個(gè)國(guó)家的450名科學(xué)家的成果?！边M(jìn)一步說(shuō)明這份報(bào)告借鑒了很多人的工作成果，承接上文，符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)。牝22、下文“Since1970,thehumanpopulationhasdoubled.Theglobaleconomyhasgrownbyfourtimes.Tofeed,clotheandgiveenergytothisfast-changingworld,lotsofforestshavebeencutdown.(自1970年以來(lái)，人口增加了一倍。全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)了四倍。為了給這個(gè)快速變化的世界提供食物、衣服和能量，許多森林被砍伐了)”說(shuō)明造成物種滅絕速度增長(zhǎng)的原因，D項(xiàng)“報(bào)告列出了造成這種情況的幾個(gè)原因。”引出下文，符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)。牝23、上文“Tofeed,clotheandgiveenergytothisfast-changingworld,lotsofforestshavebeencutdown.(為了給這個(gè)快速變化的世界提供食物、衣服和能量，許多森林被砍伐了)”說(shuō)明許多森林被砍伐，G項(xiàng)“1980年至2000年間，100萬(wàn)平方公里的熱帶森林消失?！闭f(shuō)明森林砍伐的結(jié)果，承接上文，符合題意。故選G項(xiàng)。牝24、上文“Theproblemcanbefixed,thereportsays.(報(bào)告稱(chēng)，這個(gè)問(wèn)題是可以解決的)”說(shuō)明這一問(wèn)題可以解決，以及下文“Theamountoflandandseathatisunderprotectionneedstoincreaserapidly.(受保護(hù)的陸地和海洋數(shù)量需要迅速增加)”說(shuō)明解決問(wèn)題需要做出的改變，A項(xiàng)“然而，這需要許多改變。”承上啟下，符合題意，其中“this”代指上文“Theproblemcanbefixed”。故選A項(xiàng)。牝25、上文“Weallknowwhatneedstobedone.Theknowledgeisthere.(我們都知道需要做什么。知識(shí)就在那里)”說(shuō)明大家都知道應(yīng)該采取什么行動(dòng)，E項(xiàng)“只需要有更大的意愿來(lái)采取行動(dòng)?！闭f(shuō)明EduardoBrondizio希望大家更愿意采取行動(dòng)，承接上文，符合題意。故選E項(xiàng)。26、F牝27、A牝28、B牝29、D牝30、E【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了捷克的著名建筑“跳舞的房子”。牝26、根據(jù)上句“Whenitwasfirstbuilt,itcausedabigdebatebecauseofitsunusualdesign.Thoseagainstitsaidthebuildingisnotsuitableforthesurrounding.(當(dāng)它最初被建的時(shí)候，由于不同尋常的設(shè)計(jì)，引起了一場(chǎng)大的爭(zhēng)論。反對(duì)它的人說(shuō)這種建筑和周?chē)沫h(huán)境不相宜)”可知，最初這