專(zhuān)升本-主謂一致市公開(kāi)課特等獎(jiǎng)市賽課微課一等獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

主謂一致AGREEMENT第1頁(yè)Usefulstructures語(yǔ)法詳解：所謂主謂一致是指主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間,即主語(yǔ)人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定著謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞對(duì)應(yīng)形式。第2頁(yè)主謂一致主要有以下幾個(gè)情況：1.and連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上單數(shù)名詞或者代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有以下兩種情況：(1)Heandshe_____bothstudentsofthisschool.

他和她都是這個(gè)學(xué)校學(xué)生。假如指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上不一樣人或事物時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。一、語(yǔ)法一致標(biāo)準(zhǔn)are第3頁(yè)(2)但假如連接兩個(gè)以上名詞指是同一個(gè)人或物,或者指同一概念時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)。

第4頁(yè)

Thesingeranddancer____goingtogiveusaperformance.

那個(gè)歌唱家兼舞蹈演員要給我們演出。

Theknifeandfork____onthetable.

刀叉在桌子上。

isis第5頁(yè)2.假如主語(yǔ)是不定式,動(dòng)詞ing形式或主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞普通用單數(shù)。

Whenheiscoming______veryimportant.他什么時(shí)候要來(lái)看起來(lái)很主要。

Collectingstamps____hishobby.

搜集郵票是他興趣。

Toloveher_____nottobreakherwings.

愛(ài)她就不該折斷她自由翱翔翅膀。seemsisis第6頁(yè)3.定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞who,which,that在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，要與先行詞人稱和數(shù)保持一致。

Thosewho______singingmayjoinus.Tom,who___yourfriend,shouldhelpyou.

enjoyis第7頁(yè)4.with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,besides,like,without,except,but,including

假如句子中有這些連接詞和主語(yǔ)連用,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞數(shù)隨主語(yǔ)改變而改變。比如：

Theteacher,togetherwithhisstudents,_____plantingtreesinthestreet.

老師和他學(xué)生們正在街道上植樹(shù)。is第8頁(yè)either...or;neither...nor;notonly...butalso,whether...or在句子中連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)候;或者在therebe句型中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和就近主語(yǔ)保持一致。二、就近標(biāo)準(zhǔn)NeitheryounorI____wrong.There_____acupofteaandsomeapplesonthetable.amis第9頁(yè)

Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher______foraholiday.wishes第10頁(yè)三、概念一致標(biāo)準(zhǔn)所謂概念一致標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)一致不是取決于主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法形式,而是其實(shí)際意義。有主語(yǔ)名詞在形式上是單數(shù),但在意義上卻是復(fù)數(shù)；有主語(yǔ)名詞在形式上是復(fù)數(shù),但在意義上卻是單數(shù)。第11頁(yè)1.不定代詞all,more,some,any,none作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞視情況而定。Alloftheapples____rotten.全部蘋(píng)果都爛了。Alloftheapple____rotten.整個(gè)蘋(píng)果都爛了。

are

is第12頁(yè)None和neither有時(shí)看成單數(shù)對(duì)待，有時(shí)看成復(fù)數(shù)對(duì)待，主要依聽(tīng)說(shuō)話人意思決定。做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂動(dòng)可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)。但在代表不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)?？醋鲉螖?shù)，因而謂動(dòng)須用單數(shù)。Neither

ofthem___________(know)howtoteachEnglish.Noneofthem___________(know)howtoteachEnglish.

knows/know

knows/know第13頁(yè)第14頁(yè)2.therestof;halfof;partof;majorityof;percentof;onethirdof在句子中加名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與of后面名詞保持一致。第15頁(yè)Halfofthestudents_____finishedtheircomposition.二分之一學(xué)生已經(jīng)完成了他們作文。Halfoftheapple____bad.二分之一蘋(píng)果壞了。About60percentofthestudentsinourschool____boys.我們學(xué)校,大約百分之六十學(xué)生是男生.haveisare第16頁(yè)3.集合名詞作主語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù),也能夠用復(fù)數(shù)。主要由句子意思決定。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；指全體人員時(shí),動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。這一類(lèi)常見(jiàn)集合名詞有public,family,class,crowd,population,team,group。第17頁(yè)Hisfamily____goingout.他們?nèi)乙獬?。Hisfamily____allmusiclovers.他們?nèi)胰硕际且魳?lè)興趣者。is

are

第18頁(yè)4.一些名詞如people,police,cattle等,形式上是單數(shù),但意義上是復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。people指“民族”時(shí)是例外。

Thepolice____searchingforathief.Thecattle____eatinggrassonthehill.areare第19頁(yè)5.復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)，如someone,somebody,something,anybody,anyone,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing。

Someone_____askingforyou.

有些人找你。

Nothing_____foundintheroom.

在屋子里什么也沒(méi)找到。isis第20頁(yè)6.一些名詞如clothes,trousers,shoes,glasses等,通常只用其復(fù)數(shù)形式,但當(dāng)它們被apairof修飾時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如:Theshoes_____wornout.

鞋子破了。

Thepairofshoes_____wornout.

這雙鞋破了。

areis第21頁(yè)一些名詞以s結(jié)尾如maths,politics,physics,news,plastics等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。物理是一門(mén)很有趣學(xué)科。Physicsisaveryinterestingsubject.第22頁(yè)8.every...andevery...;each...andeach...;no...andno...

在以上短語(yǔ)中and連接單數(shù)名詞,整個(gè)短語(yǔ)在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常使用單數(shù)。

Eachmanandeachwoman______askedtoattend.

is第23頁(yè)班級(jí)中每個(gè)男孩女孩都很用功。聽(tīng)不到任何聲音。Everyboyandeverygirlintheclassisdiligent.Nosoundandnovoice

isheard.第24頁(yè)9.以anumberof

作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);以thenumberof

作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

Anumberofnewbooks_____onthedesk.Thenumberofstudentsinyouclass_____50.

areis第25頁(yè)10.有些名詞單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)候,其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由上下文決定,這一類(lèi)名詞有:means,works,deer,fish,sheep,Chinese,Japanese等。

Noteverymeans____useful.

不是每種方法都好使。

Notallmeans______useful.

不是全部方法都好使。isare第26頁(yè)11.manya,morethanone,oneandahalf與單數(shù)名詞組成短語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。

Manyaboy____seenit.許多孩子都看到了。12.書(shū)刊名、時(shí)間、距離、價(jià)格、度量衡等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞慣用單數(shù)。

Thirtyyears____notalongtime.

RootsisafamousAmericannovel.hasis第27頁(yè)1.thiskindofbook=abookofthiskind(這種書(shū)),其謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù);短語(yǔ)thiskindofmen=menofthiskind=thesekindofmen(口語(yǔ))(這一類(lèi)人),但thiskindofmen謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù),menofthiskind和thesekindofmen謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù),allkindsof后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞,謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。比如：應(yīng)該注意幾個(gè)問(wèn)題:第28頁(yè)

Thiskindofmen____dangerous.Menofthiskind_____dangerous.2.在主謂倒裝句子中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞數(shù)應(yīng)與其后主語(yǔ)一致。比如:Betweenthetwowindows______apicture.isarehangs第29頁(yè)3.“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞”組成短語(yǔ)以及由“alotof,lotsof,plentyof,alargequantityof,aheapof,heapsof,halfof+名詞”組成短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與短語(yǔ)中of后面名詞數(shù)保持一致,這是因?yàn)槎陶Z(yǔ)中后面名詞是中心詞,而短語(yǔ)中前面量詞是修飾語(yǔ)。比如:第30頁(yè)Lotsofdamage____causedbyfire.Aboutthree-fourthsoftheearth’ssurface____coveredwithwater.Three-fifthsoftheworkershere___women.和這種情況類(lèi)似還有“anumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”。不過(guò),“thenumberof+名詞”中心詞卻是number。試比較：

wasisare第31頁(yè)Anumberofstudents___gonetothecountrysidetohelpwiththeautumnharvest.Thenumberofpagesinthisbook______twohundred.haveis第32頁(yè)注意:a(large)quantityof

修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Alargequantityofpeople___neededhere.is第33頁(yè)quantitiesof

修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞普通用復(fù)數(shù)。比如:Quantitiesoffood(nuts)_____onthetable.短語(yǔ)inquantity,inlargequantities意為“大量”;insmallquantities意為“少許”。were第34頁(yè)4.agreatdealof,alargeamountof,修飾不可數(shù)名詞,其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通慣用單數(shù);largeamountsof

修飾不可數(shù)名詞,其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通慣用復(fù)數(shù)。比如:第35頁(yè)Alargeamountof(Agreatdealof)damage____doneinaveryshorttime.Largeamountsofmoney___spentonthebridge.waswere第36頁(yè)5.表示數(shù)量oneandahalf后,名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,不過(guò)其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。比如：

Oneandahalfbananas___leftonthetable.is第37頁(yè)6.假如主語(yǔ)由“the+形容詞(或過(guò)去分詞)”結(jié)構(gòu)擔(dān)任時(shí),謂語(yǔ)通慣用復(fù)數(shù);這類(lèi)詞有:thebrave,thepoor,therich,theblind,theyoung,theold,thesick,thedead,thedeafanddub,theoppressed,theinjured,thewounded,theunemployed

等;但也有少數(shù)過(guò)去分詞與定冠詞連用時(shí)指?jìng)€(gè)別,則用單數(shù)。比如：第38頁(yè)Theblind____inspecialschool.Thedeparted(死者)_____awell-knownengineer.這類(lèi)形容詞或分詞假如要表示個(gè)體時(shí),就要與名詞man,person或表示人單數(shù)連用。比如:anoldman,arichperson,the(a)woundedsoldier.studywas第39頁(yè)主謂一致練習(xí)第40頁(yè)1.NowTomwithhisclassmates_____footballontheplayground.

A.play B.areplaying

C.plays D.isplaying2.Thirtydollars_____tooexpensive.

A.areB.isC.were D.be√√第41頁(yè)3."Ifanybody_____,pleaseputdown_____name,"saidtheteachertothemonitor.

A.wantstobuythebook/his B.wanttobuythebook/their

C.willbuythebook/one's D.wantstohavethebookbought/her4.Nothingbutonedeskandsixchairs_____intheroom.A.are B.isstayed C.is D.areleft√√第42頁(yè)5.Betweenthetworoads_____aTVtowercalled"SkyscraperTower".

A.standsB.standing C.whichstands D.stand6.--ShallIwaithereforthreehours?

--Yes.Threehours_____towaitforsuchadoctor.

A.arenotverylongforyou B.isnotlongenoughforyou

C.wasnotlongenoughforyou D.willbetoolongforyou√√第43頁(yè)7.Everystudentandeveryteacher_____.

A.aregoingtoattendthemeeting B.haveattendedthemeeting

C.hasattendedthemeeting D.isattendedthemeeting8.Thispairofshoes_____.

A.isher B.ishers

C.arehers D.areher√√第44頁(yè)

Multiplechoice:1.Onthewall______twolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging2.“Newsofvictories_____pouringinasourarmyadvances”,thecommandersaid.A.keepB.keepsC.keptD.havekept3.There_____alotofmilkinthebottle.A.areB.isC.wereD.has4.Zhang’sfamily____ra