Unit2Understandingeachother長難句分析課件高中英語人教版選擇性

Unit1Reading1Theevolutionofvideoandsounddevices高中英語選擇性必修（第四冊）B7Unit2UnderstandingeachotherForthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)1(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures,andthewell-knownAesop’sfablesdatetothe2(six)century,B.C.Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,3RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow”.

Carsonusesasimple,directstylecommontofable.Infact,herstyleandtone(口吻)areseeminglydirectedatchildren.“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,4alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,5(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessage

6

(intend)foreveryone.7(difference)fromtraditionalfables,Carson’sstoryendswithanaccusationinsteadofamoral.Shewarnsoftheenvironmentaldangersfacingsociety,andsheteachesthatpeoplemusttakeresponsibility8

savingtheirenvironment.

Thethemesoftraditionalfablesoftendealwithsimpletruthsabouteverydaylife.However,Cason’sthemeisamoreweighty9(warn)aboutenvironmentaldestruction.Carsonprovesthatasimplelyricformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill10(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.1.toteach用不定式作目的狀語2.sixthcentury“世紀(jì)”前面要用序數(shù)詞3.as引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句4.where非限定性定語從句作地點狀語5.borrowing邏輯主語herfable與borrow之間為主動關(guān)系6.intended在句中作定語，beintendedfor打算為……所用7.Different所以用形容詞作狀語，bedifferentfrom與……不同8.for

takeresponsibilityfor(對……負責(zé))9.warning根據(jù)句中不定冠詞a可知，用可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式10.beemployed

從句主語asimplelyricform與employ之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)答案Learningaims:Bytheendofthisclass,youwillbeableto:Learntoanalyzelongandcomplexsentences;

Learntousesentencepatternsandgetmuchwritingpractice.Pattern1Theycouldbeinterpretedasawelcominggreetingfromaclosefriend,especiallyifaccompaniedbyagentlesmile.它們可以解讀成來自一位好朋友的歡迎問候，尤其是伴隨著溫柔的微笑時。句式剖析：ifaccompaniedby...為狀語從句的省略結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)時間、條件、讓步、方式等狀語從句的主語與主句主語一致（或從句主語是it），且從句謂語含有be動詞時，可以把從句主語和be動詞一起省略。這些狀語從句常由when,while,once,if,unless,though,although,asif,asthough等引導(dǎo)。狀語從句省略后的結(jié)構(gòu)：連詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞／過去分詞／不定式／介詞短語／名詞／形容詞翻譯:If（youare）acceptedforthejob,you’llbeinformedsoon.While

(Iwas)reading,Iheardthephonering.If

(youare)

indoubt,consultyourdoctor.拓展：有一些約定俗成的省略結(jié)構(gòu)：ifpossible如果可能的話ifnecessary如果必要的話ifany如果有的話ifso如果是這樣的話ifnot如果不是這樣的話whennecessary當(dāng)有必要時Pattern2Asmileshowsyouareattentivetotheissuesbeingdiscussed,whilelookingawaywithyourarmsfoldedcanindicatedisinterestandcreatedistrustorfriction.微笑表明你對正在討論的問題很關(guān)注，而雙臂交叉、看向別處則會表示你不感興趣，這樣會造成不信任或引起摩擦。句式剖析：while作并列連詞表對比While/but區(qū)別Honeyissweet,

thebeestings.蜂蜜是甜的，但蜜蜂會蜇人。Thesonwashavingagoodmealathome,

theparentswereworkinginthefields.兒子在家吃美餐，而父母卻在田里勞作。while作并列連詞，意為“而，然而”，表對比。but表轉(zhuǎn)折。but

whilePattern3However,someissuesmaybecomplicatedandyoumaybeconfusedaboutwhyothersfeeltheway

theydo.然而，有些問題可能是復(fù)雜的，你可能會對其他人為什么會有那樣的感受或行為感到困惑。句式剖析：theway＋定語從句,theway作先行詞，后接的定語從句中缺狀語時，定語從句用that或inwhich引導(dǎo)，也可省略引導(dǎo)詞。翻譯：InEnglish,wordsarenotalwaysspelledtheway(that/inwhich)theysound.在英語中，單詞并不總是按照它們的發(fā)音來拼寫。拓展：theway的這種用法，還可以理解為：1.theway相當(dāng)于as，意為“按照，正如”。Theroomwascompletedthewayshewanted.房間按照她想要的方式完成了。2.theway相當(dāng)于how，意為“如何，怎樣”。Ishalldotheworkthewaymyfatherdid.我會像我父親那樣做這項工作。Pattern4Moreimportantly,whetheryouapproveofthespeaker'swordsornot,youneedtobehonestinyourresponse.更重要的是，無論你是否贊同說話者的話，你都需要誠實地回答。句式剖析：whether...ornot引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。whether除了用于whether...or...結(jié)構(gòu)外，還可用于whether..ornot，whetherornot...結(jié)構(gòu)，這三個結(jié)構(gòu)既可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。翻譯：不管你是否相信，它都是真的。Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.拓展：whether...or..“不管......還是......，無論......還是......”，在句中引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示在從句所提供的兩種選擇之下，主句所表示的結(jié)果都一樣；作“是......還是......”講時，引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句，用于提供兩種選擇。真題填空：Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether37(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),38toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.

答案：37.tobite

38.orPattern5SomepeoplesaythattheUKandtheUSAaretwocountriesthatareseparatedbyacommonlanguage.有人說英國和美國是被一種共同的語言分開的兩個國家。分析句式變化：Itissaidthat...Sb./Sth.issaidtodo...Sb./Sth.issaidtobedoing...Sb./Sth.issaidtohavedone...比較不定式有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化：PeoplesaythathehasmovedtoChicago.=ItissaidthathehasmovedtoChicago.=HeissaidtohavemovedtoChicago.人們說／據(jù)說他已經(jīng)搬到芝加哥了。Pattern6NosoonerhadIbeguntounderstandhowBritishpeoplecommunicatethanitwastimetoheadbackhome.我剛開始了解英國人的溝通方式就到要回家的時候了。句式剖析：Nosoonerhadsb.done...than...某人一做完......就......使用nosooner...than...與hardly／scarcely...when...時要注意主句和從句的時態(tài)：nosooner與hardly／scarcely所在的主句用過去完成時，而than與when引導(dǎo)的從句常用一般過去時。翻譯：她剛說完，淚水便奪眶而出。Nosoonerhadshesaiditthansheburstintotears.拓展：表示“一......就......”的其他表達：1.assoonas/themoment/minute/instant/second（名詞用作連詞）＋句子2.immediately／directly/instantly（副詞用作連詞）＋句子3.On/Upondoing...Pattern7Thereweretimeswhenquestionslike“Wouldyoumindpassingmethejam,please?”wouldbemetwiththereply“WhywouldImind？”有些時候，像“你介意把果醬遞給我嗎？”這樣的問題會得到“我為什么會介意？”這樣的回答。句式剖析：Therewasatimewhen...／Thereweretimeswhen...曾經(jīng)有一段時期......／曾經(jīng)......This/Thatwasatimewhen...這／那是一個......時期。when引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾atime／times拓展：It／This／Thatisthefirst／second／...time（that）...這是／那是第一／二／......次......，從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。It/This/Thatwasthefirst/second/...time（that）...這是／那是第一／二......次......，從句要用過去完成時。翻譯：這是我第一次游覽長城。Itis/wasthefirsttimeIhavevisited/hadvisitedtheGreatWall.區(qū)分：Itisforthefirsttimethat...Pattern8Thisisbecausethewordthatcorrespondsto“umbrella”inChinesesoundslikeanotherChinesewordwhichmeans“toseparate”.這是因為漢語中與“傘”對應(yīng)的字聽起來像另一個字，意思是“分開”。比較：1.This／That／Itisbecause...這／那是因為......（because引導(dǎo)表語從句，后接原因）2.This／That／Itiswhy...這／那就是為什么......（why引導(dǎo)表語從句，后接結(jié)果）3.Thereason(why...)

isthat...(......的）原因是......（why引導(dǎo)定語從句，that引導(dǎo)表語從句）翻譯：我開會遲到了，因為我的車路上壞了。Iwaslateforthemeeting.Thatwasbecausemycarbrokedownontheway.=Mycarbrokedownontheway.ThatwaswhyIwaslateforthemeeting.=ThereasonwhyIwaslateforthemeetingwasthatmycarbrokedownontheway.Pattern9Thiscomesasnosurprise,giventhatEnglishhasborrowedwordsfrommorethan300differentlanguages,includingLatin,Greek,FrenchandChinese.這并不奇怪，因為英語已從300多種不同的語言中借用了詞匯，包括拉丁語、希臘語、法語和漢語。句式剖析：Given/Providing/Supposing/

Onthecondition

that...考慮到......，鑒于......拓展：givenprep.考慮到；鑒于翻譯：如果他有更多的時間，他會把工作做得更好。Providing/Supposingthathehasmoretime,hewilldoabetterjob.Ontheconditionthathehasmo