2014年4月自考00832英語詞匯學試題及答案含解析

英語詞匯學年月真題

0083220144

1、【單選題】“Woman”becomes“Frau”inGerman,“femme”inFrenchand

“fùnǔ”inChinese.Thisexampleshowsthatindifferentlanguagesthesame

conceptcanberepresentedbydifferent______．

sounds

forms

A:

unities

B:

meanings

C:

答D:案：A

解析：在不同的語言中，同一種概念可以以不同的音表示出來。

2、【單選題】Thefollowingwordsofthebasicwordstockdenotethemostcommon

thingsandphenomenaoftheworldaroundusEXCEPT______．

fire

hot

A:

photoscanning

B:

sister

C:

答D:案：C

解析：這些基本詞庫包括以下基本特征，其中之一就是這些詞表示最常見的事物或現(xiàn)象，

生活交流必不可少。：像自然現(xiàn)象，人體部位及人之間的關系等?！癋ire”最常見的東

西?！癏ot”自然現(xiàn)象?！皊ister”人之間的關系。Photoscanning是術語，不屬于基本

詞庫。

3、【單選題】Aliensareborrowedwordswhichhaveretainedtheiroriginal

pronunciationandspelling.WhichofthefollowingwordscomesfromChinese?

Bazaar.

Kowtow.

A:

Rajah.

B:

Blitzkrieg.

C:

答D:案：B

解析：Kowtow源于中國的“扣頭”。

4、【單選題】TheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamilyismadeupofthelanguagesof

thefollowingEXCEPT______．

Europe

theFarEast

A:

India

B:

theNearEast

C:

答D:案：B

解析：ThedevelopmentofEnglishvocabulary印歐語系是由歐洲，印度，近東的語言

組成。

5、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthemainsourcesofnewwords

inthepresent-dayEnglishvocabulary?

Therapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology.

Social,economicandpoliticalchanges.

A:

Theinvasionofforeigncountries.

B:

Theinfluenceofotherculturesandlanguages.

C:

答D:案：C

6、【單選題】ModernEnglishvocabularydevelopsthroughthefollowingchannels

EXCEPT______.

creation

borrowing

A:

semanticchange

B:

lexicalchange

C:

答D:案：D

7、【單選題】Howmanymonomorphemicwordsarethereinthefollowingwords?

catsbossworkimpropertried

1

2

A:

3

B:

4

C:

答D:案：B

解析：根據定義“Freemorphemeshavecompletemeaningsinthemselvesandcanbe

usedasfreegrammaticalunitsinsentences.Theyareidenticalwith

rootwords.”，可知wind和man兩個詞屬于freemorphemicword，而reddish和

collection均帶有后綴。

8、【單選題】Amongthefollowingwords,“______”doesNOThaveinflectional

affixes.

liked

children’s

A:

happier

B:

it’s

C:

答D:案：D

解析：Inflectionalaffixes是屈折詞綴。屈折詞綴的特點就是改變詞性。It’s是it

is的縮寫形式。

9、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingwordsdoesNOThavesuffixes?

Northward.

Widen.

A:

Happy.

B:

Worker.

C:

答D:案：C

10、【單選題】Amongthefollowingwords,“______”containsanegativeprefix.

amoral

de-compose

A:

antiwar

B:

foretell

C:

答D:案：A

解析：Moral道德的。de-compose中de-是reversativeprefixes反轉類詞綴加上a-就

變成與道德無關的。Anti-表示“反…..”屬于方向或態(tài)度這一類的前綴。foretell中

fore-是locativeprefixes表示方位的前綴。

11、【單選題】Fromtheviewpointofwordformation,theword“smog”isa

______.

compound

conversion

A:

clipping

B:

C:

blending

答D:案：D

解析：拼綴法的定義就是“將兩個詞的一部分融合到一起或者將一個詞與另一個詞的一部

分融合到一起。最后形成一個新詞。WordformationSmog由smoke中的sm,fog中的og

組成。符合拼綴法的定義。

12、【單選題】Whichofthefollowingispartiallyconverted?

Awhite.

Adrunk.

A:

Thepoor.

B:

Finals.

C:

答D:案：C

13、【單選題】Onecanfigureoutthemeaningof“airmail”tobe“mailby

air”byits______.

onomatopoeicmotivation

morphologicalmotivation

A:

semanticmotivation

B:

etymologicalmotivation

C:

答D:案：B

解析：Chapter5P84.morphologicalmotivation（形態(tài)理據）:Compoundsand

derivedwordsaremulti-morphemicwordsandthemeaningsofmanyarethesum

totalofthemorphemescombined.Quiteoften,ifoneknowsthemeaningofeach

morpheme,onecanfigureoutthemeaningoftheword.Forinstance,“airmail”

meansto‘mailbyair’.

14、【單選題】Whenareadercomesacrosstheword“home”inhisreading,the

wordmayremindhimofhis“family,friends,warmth,safety,etc.”Inthis

sense,theword“home”conveys______.

connotativemeaning

stylisticmeaning

A:

affectivemeaning

B:

collocativemeaning

C:

答D:案：A

解析：Home這個詞的字面意思就是“家”，但可以讓人聯(lián)想到“家庭，朋友”等。就涉

及到了“home”的內涵意義。

15、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

Grammaticalmeaningreferstothepartofspeech,tensesofverbsandstylistic

featuresofwords.

A:

Unlikeconceptualmeaning,associativemeaningisunstableandindeterminate.

Affectivemeaningindicatesthelistener’sattitudetowardsthepersonorthing

B:

inquestion.

C:

Collocationcannotaffectthemeaningofwords.

答D:案：B

16、【單選題】Wordsthatareidenticalonlyinspellingbutdifferentinsound

andmeaningarecalled______.

perfecthomonyms

homographs

A:

homophones

B:

homonyms

C:

答D:案：B

解析：同形異義詞

17、【單選題】Thedifferencesbetweensynonymsexistinthefollowingareas

EXCEPT______.

denotation

connotation

A:

reference

B:

application

C:

答D:案：C

解析：本題考查第六章同義詞synonyms的三種類型中的denotation,connotation

application

18、【單選題】“Apple,pear,peach,orange,lemon,etc.”makeupthe______of

“fruit”.

synonyms

homonyms

A:

superordinateterm

B:

C:

semanticfield

答D:案：D

解析：紅色、橙色、黃色、綠色、黑色等屬于“顏色”的下義詞，同時構成了“顏色”的

語義場。注意題干中的謂語是makeup，本題選D。

19、【單選題】______ofmeaningisaprocessbywhichawordthatoriginallyhad

aspecializedmeaninghasnowbecomegeneralized.

Degradation

Elevation

A:

Extension

B:

Specilization

C:

答D:案：C

解析：考察語義擴展的定義。

20、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingisNOToneoftheextra-linguisticfactors

thatcausechangesinmeaning?

Culturalreason.

Historicalreason.

A:

Classreason.

B:

Psychologicalreason.

C:

答D:案：A

21、【單選題】Theword“minister”originallymeant“aservant”,butnowhas

changedto“aheadofaministry”.Thisprocessofmeaningchangeiscalled

______．

extension

elevation

A:

degradation

B:

specialization

C:

答D:案：B

解析：本題考察的是詞義的升格，及一個詞從表示低級，卑微的意義變成具有重要意義的

詞。

22、【單選題】Ingrammaticalcontext,themeaningofawordmaybeinfluencedby

the______inwhichitoccurs.

structure

sentence

A:

phrase

B:

clause

C:

答D:案：A

解析：引起詞匯變化的因素包括詞匯因素和詞匯外因素。該題中的structure即語法。

23、【單選題】Thereisanambiguityinthesentence“Heisahardbusinessman”

dueto______.

polysemy

homonymy

A:

synonymy

B:

antonymy

C:

答D:案：A

解析：該句之所以會造成歧義是由于多義詞的存在。hard可以理解成（工作）努力的，或

者（對他人）苛刻的，等若干含義。

24、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthecontextclues?

Definition.

Polysemy.

A:

Synonymy.

B:

Antonymy.

C:

答D:案：B

解析：一詞多義不能作為語境中的一個線索

25、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthecharacteristicsofidioms?

Thepartofspeechofeachelementinanidiomisveryimportant.

Theconstituentsofidiomscan’tbereplaced.

A:

Thewordorderinanidiomcan’tbechanged.

B:

Anidiomfunctionsasoneword.

C:

答D:案：A

26、【單選題】Idiomsnominalinnaturehavea(n)______asthekeywordineach

andfunctionasanouninsentences.

verb

adjective

A:

preposition

B:

noun

C:

答D:案：D

解析：這一類習語中，每一個習語中都會有一個關鍵詞，并且有著名詞的功能eg.White

elephant。

27、【單選題】Lexicalmanipulationisoneaspectoftherhetoricalfeaturesof

idioms.ThefollowingEXCEPT______belongtolexicalmanipulation.

alliteration

reiteration

A:

repetition

B:

juxtaposition

C:

答D:案：A

解析：英語習語中詞匯修辭包括reiteration（同義詞的重復，eg.screamandshout）,

juxtaposition（反義詞的重復eg.Upanddown）,repetition（同一個詞的重復，eg

byandby.）

28、【單選題】OxfordAdvancedLearner’sDictionary,3rdEdition(1980),is

amongthebest-knownBritish______dictionaries.

unabridged

desk

A:

pocket

B:

bilingual

C:

答D:案：B

解析：牛津高階英語詞典第三版是英國最有名的案頭詞典之一。

29、【單選題】Generally,adictionarycoversthefollowingcontentsEXCEPT

______.

spelling

pronunciation

A:

definition

B:

syntacticalrules

C:

D:

答案：D

30、【單選題】CollinsCOBUILDEnglishLanguageDictionary(1987)hassomeunique

featuressuchasdefinition,extracolumnand______.

pronunciation

grammarcodes

A:

usageexamples

B:

languagecodes

C:

答D:案：C

解析：柯林斯英語詞典有三個特點1.定義柯林斯英語詞典里面的定義都是整個句子2.

額外的專欄這些專欄用來放一些語法信息3.用法舉例幾乎每個詞都有個例子來展現(xiàn)詞

的意思。

31、【問答題】Explainthelogicalrelationshipsofthefollowingterms:free

morphemes,affix,morphemes,boundroot,boundmorphemes

答案：Morphemescanbegroupedintofreemorphemesandboundmorphemes.

Boundmorphemesincludetwotypes:boundrootandaffix.

32、【問答題】Inwhichaspectsdocompoundsdifferfromfreephrases?

答案：Compoundsdifferfromfreephrasesinphoneticfeatures,semantic

featuresandgrammaticalfeatures.

33、【問答題】Whatisthedifferencebetweensuperordinatesandsubordinates?

Explainitwiththegivenwords“flower,elephant,tiger,rose,tulip,animal”.

答案：Superordinatesarethosegeneralwordswhilesubordinatesthespecific

ones.Forthegivenwords,flowerandanimalaresuperordinateswhilerose,

tulipandelephant,tigeraresubordinates.

34、【問答題】Guessthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordandtellwhatcontext

clueisused.Hewasinamoodofcompleteeuphoria,hishappinessbeingthe

resultofanannouncementthathehadwonthesweepstakes.

答案：Euphoriameanshappiness.Thecontextclueusedinthesentenceis

synonymy/asynonym.

35、【問答題】Take“alaconicanswerisashortanswer”asanexampleto

illustrateetymologicalmotivation.

答案：1)Themeaningofmanywordsoftenrelatedirectlytotheirorigins.In

otherwords,thehistoryofthewordexplainsthemeaningoftheword.2)The

word"laconic"meaning"brief"or"short"isderivedfromLacons,atribeof

peoplewhowereknownfortheir"brevityofspeech"andfortheirhabitofnever

usingmorewordsthannecessary.Hence"alaconicanswer"isashortanswer.

36、【問答題】Commentonthefollowinggroupsofwordsintermsoftypesof

antonyms:contradictoryterms,contraryterms,relativeterms.“dead—alive”,

“young—old”,“employer—employee”

答案：Antonymscanbedefinedaswordswhichareoppositeinmeaning.Theycan

beclassifiedintothreemajorgroups.Contradictoryterms:Theyareso

opposedtoeachotherthattheyaremutuallyexclusiveandadmitnopossibility

betweenthem,suchas"dead-alive".Contraryterms:Antonymsofthistypeare

bestviewedintermsofascalerunningbetweentwopolesorextremes.Antonyms

suchas"youngold"representtwopointsatbothendsofthepoleandcan

accommodatemiddlegroundbelongingneithertoonepolenortotheother.We

canhavemiddle-agedbetweentheyoungandtheold.Relativeterms:Thistype

consistsofrelationaloppositessuchas"employeremployee".Suchpairsof

wordsindicatesuchareciprocalsocialrelationshipthatoneofthemcannotbe

usedwithoutsuggestingtheother.IfAisanemployerofB,thenBisan

employee,whoworksforA.

37、【填空題】Awordisa______freeformofalanguagethathasagivensound

andmeaningandsyntacticfunction.

答案：minimal

38、【填空題】InOldEnglishperiod,theintroductionofChristianityhada

greatimpactontheEnglishvocabulary.Itbroughtmanynewideasandcustoms,and

alsomany______termssuchas“candle,altar,amen”.

答案：religious

39、【填空題】A______isthebasicformofawordwhichcannotbefurther

analyzedwithouttotallossofidentity.

答案：root

40、【填空題】“Exam”istheshortenedformof“examination”bybackclipping.

Then“quake”isusedtomean“earthquake”by______clipping.

答案：front

41、【填空題】Motivationaccountsfortheconnectionbetweenthelinguistic

symbolandits______．

答案：meaning

42、【填空題】Fromthe______pointofview,polysemyisviewedasthe

coexistenceofvariousmeaningsofthesamewordinacertainhistoricalperiodof

time.

答案：synchronic