Unit5EducationLesson3Understanding課件高二英語北師大版選擇性

Lesson3

UnderstandingUNIT5EDUCATIONBytheendofthisperiod,youwillbeableto:readandtalkabouthowtoacquireknowledgeandachieveunderstanding;readfordeepunderstanding,andsummarizeinformation;knowtheimportanceofunderstandingandgettingnewknowledge.CONTENTSPre-readingIWhile-readingIIPost-readingIIISentencesanalysisIV1.Doyouknowsomepopularfactsfinallyprovedtobefalse?2.Doyoucompletelybelievewhatgreatscientistssaid?Pre-readingWhile-readingActivity1

Fastreading1．Readthetextquicklyandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.Para.1

A．Whypeopledidn’tapproveofthistypeofthinking.Para.2

B．Weshouldthankthegreatmenofthepastfortheirwisdom.Para.3

C．Atypeofanalysis.Para.4

D．Ourunderstandingoftheworldaroundusisconstantlygrowing andchanging.Para.5

E．Somegreatmeninhistoryusingthistypeofthinkingwerenot supported，butpunished.2．Dividethepassageintothreeparts.Part1(Para._)：Howdoweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding?Part2(Para._－Para._)：HowdidpeoplethinkinBacon’stime?Part3(Para._－Para._)：Conclusions123453．What’sthemainideaofthefamoussaying“Alltruthsareeasytounderstandoncetheyarediscovered；thepointistodiscoverthem.”？A．Alltruthsareeasytodiscover.B．It’smostimportanttodiscovertruths.C．It’smoreimportanttounderstandtruthsthantodiscoverthem.D．Ifwewanttodiscovertruths，weshouldfirstunderstandthem.√4．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．FrancisBaconwasgoingagainsttheviewsofhisday.B．GalileoGalileiwasgreattoprovetheEarthisnotthecentreoftheuniverse.C．TheEarthisnotthecentreoftheuniverseanditdoesn’tmoveroundthesuninaperfectcircle，either.D．Peopleshouldquestionmorebecausegreatmen，evenAristotleandGalilei，mightmakemistakes.√Activity2

CarefulreadingfordetailsPart11．Readparagraph1.Accordingtothewriter，howdoweacquireknowledgeandachieveunderstanding？Completetheflowchart.Tostartwith，weneed_________.Then，tofindanswers，we_______________________________________.Afterthat，we__________________________________________________.questionsobservetheworldaroundusandstudythefactsconsiderpossibleanswersandtesteachtofindtherightones2．Whosolvesproblemsbythinkingandanalysing?A．Peoplenowadays.B．Peopleinthe17thcentury.C．Modernscientistsandthinkers.D．ThegreatphilosopherAristotle.√Part2Ⅰ.Readparagraphs2－3.Completethesentences.1．FrancisBaconbelievedthatthewaytogainknowledgeis________.Butmostpeopleinhisdaysbelieved________________.2．GalileoGalileiprovedthat_____________________________________.Butmanypeopleinhisdays______________________________________________________________________________________________.thinkingmoreinreligiontheEarthwasnotthecentreoftheuniversetendedtoignorethefactsanddidn’twanttochallengewhattheyhadalwayscomfortablybelieved3．Aristotle’sunderstandingoftheuniversewasthat____________________________________________because_________________________________________.4．Itisstilloftentruetodaythat_________________________________________________________.theEarthmustbethecentreoftheuniverseitfeltliketheEarthwasstandingstillpeopledon’twanttoabandonwhatthey’vealwaysthoughtastrueⅡ.Answerthefollowingquestions.1．WhatpositiondidBaconholdduringhisdaysandwhatwashistrueinterest?BaconheldanimportantrankinKingJames’royalcourtofEngland.Histrueinterestwastheworthysearchforknowledge.2．AtfirstpeopleapprovedofGalilei’sstudies，butlatertheygotangry.Why?Theydidn’twanttochallengewhattheyhadalwaysthoughtwastrue.3．Whydidpeoplechoosetobelieveviewsthatwereabout2,000yearsold?Becausetheywereunwillingtochallengewhattheyhadalwayscomfortablybelieved.4．Weregreatmeninhistoryalwayscorrect？Giveexamples.No.Galileimademistakes.HebelievedthattheEarthmovedroundthesuninaperfectcircles.Buthewaswrong.5．Howdoestheauthordevelopthispartofthepassage?A．Bygivingexamples.

B．Bylistingnumbers.C．Bycomparison.

D．Byquotation.√Part3Ⅰ.Readparas.4－5andfillintheblanks.1．Ourunderstandingoftheworldaroundusisconstantly_______and________.2．Weneedto_____thegreatmenofthepastfortheir________.3．_________and_____________arethingstofightfor.4．PeoplelikeBaconandGalileiwere_____enoughtostepoutfromtheshadowsof____________thought.growingchangingthank

wisdomKnowledgeunderstandingbraveconventionalⅡ.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthewayofacquiringknowledge?Theauthorthinksweshouldkeepaskingquestionsandrespectfacts，andshouldn’tjustacceptanswersfromauthority.Ⅲ.Findtheexpressionsthatshowtheauthor’sattitude.Theexpressionsthatshowtheauthor’sattitudearelike：itseemsobvious，luckilyforus，however，itisnotsurprising，primitiveideas，itfeltlike，maketheassumption，waswrongattimes，sitbackandsay，aworldwithoutquestions，owesomuch...to，stepoutfromtheshadows，tofindthekingdomofknowledge，morevitalto，morebeneficialto...Activity1

Discussion1.Whatdoyouthinkthelastsentenceofthepassagemeans?(Criticalthinking)Post-readingThesemenknewthatknowledgeandunderstandingarethingstofightfor;morevitaltoaman,andmorebeneficialtomankind,somemightsay,thanallthemoneyintheworld.Ithinkthelastsentenceofthetextmeansthatknowledgeandunderstandingaremoreimportantthanmoney.Theyaremorehelpfulandusefulbecausetheycanguideourwaysoflearningabouttheworldandhelpussolveproblemsallthetimewhilemoneycanjustbuycertaingoodsandsolveproblemsforsometime.2.HowdoIknowwhatI’mreadingistrue?(Creativethinking)Themostincomprehensiblethingintheworldisthatthingsareunderstandable.—AlbertEinsteinActivity2

Summary1．__seemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.Tostartwith，weneedquestions.Then,2._______(find)answers，weobservetheworldaroundusandstudythefacts.Afterthat，weconsiderpossibleanswersandtesteachtofindtheright3._____(one)．Modernscientistsandthinkersarestillsolvingtheworld’sproblems4.____thistypeofanalysis.Ourunderstandingoftheworldaroundusis5.__________(constant)growingandchanging.Inotherwords，welearnmoreeveryday.Weneedtothankthegreatmenofthepastfortheir6.________(wise)．Theyunderstood7.____wedon’tknoweverythingandprobablyneverwill，forthatwouldmeanaworldwithoutquestions.WeowesomuchofourknowledgeandunderstandingoftheworldtopeoplelikeBaconandGalilei,8.___werebraveenoughtostepoutfromtheshadowsof9.____________(convention)thoughtinordertofindthekingdomofknowledgethattoday’scivilisation10.________(build)upon.IttofindoneswithconstantlywisdomthatwhoconventionalisbuiltSentencesanalysis:1．Itseemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.[句式分析]

此句為_________句；主句為

____________________；It是

__________，how引導_________作真正的主語。[自主翻譯]

主從復合Itseemsobviousnow形式主語主語從句今天，如何獲取知識、認識世界，人人皆知。2．AlthoughtodaywearemoreusedtotypingafewkeywordsintoasearchengineandwaitingfortheInternettogiveusananswer，modernscientistsandthinkersarestillsolvingtheworld’sproblemswiththistypeofanalysis—luckilyforus.[句式分析]

此句為__________句；主句為________________________________________________________________________________________________；Although引導______________；typingafew...engine和waitingfor...answer為動名詞短語作介詞to的

______。[自主翻譯]

modernscientistsandthinkersarestillsolvingtheworld’sproblemswiththistypeofanalysis—luckilyforus主從復合讓步狀語從句賓語盡管我們現(xiàn)在更習慣于在搜索引擎中敲幾個關(guān)鍵詞，等待互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為我們提供答案，但當代科學家、思想家仍采用這種分析方式來解決問題——我們應該為此感到慶幸。3．Atthattime，peoplebelievedmoreinthechurchthaninfacts，andpeoplelikeGalileoGalilei(1564－1642)，whoprovedtheideathat“theEarthisnotthecentreoftheuniverse”，wereoftenpunishedbythechurchwithnoonecomingtotheirdefence.[句式分析]

此句為______________句；第一個句子主干為_________________________________________；第二個句子主干為___________________________________________________________________；who引導__________________，先行詞GalileoGalilei為人，在從句中作主語；that引導____________，作idea的同位語，解釋說明idea的內(nèi)容；withnoonecomingtotheirdefence為“with＋賓語＋doing(賓補)”結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。[自主翻譯]

主從復合peoplebelievedmoreinthechurchthaninfactspeoplewereoftenpunishedbythechurchwithnoonecomingtotheirdefence非限制性定語從句同位語從句那時人們相信教會勝過相信事實，像伽利略·伽利萊(1564—1642)那樣證明了“地球不是宇宙中心”的人物，往往會被教會懲罰，也沒有人會為他們辯護。4．Infact，whenGalileiprovedthattheEarthwasnotthecentreoftheuniverse，insteadofbelievinghim，peoplechosetobelieveviewsthatwerealmost2,000yearsold![句式分析]此句為___________句；句子主干為___________________________；when引導_____________，第一個that引導__________作prove的賓語；第二個that引導__________，先行詞views在從句中作主語，指物。[自主翻譯]

主從復合peoplechosetobelieveviews時間狀語從句賓語從句定語從句事實上，當伽利略證明地球不是宇宙的中心時，人們沒有選擇相信他，而寧愿相信將近2000年前的陳舊觀點！5．ItisnotsurprisingthatpeoplewantedtobelievetheseprimitiveideasastheyhadbeenputforwardbythegreatphilosopherAristotle(384-—322BCE).[句式分析]此句為

___________句；主句為__________________；It是__________，that引導__________,作真正的主語；as引導_____________，意為“______”

。[自主翻譯]

主從復合Itisnotsurprising形式主語主語從句原因狀語從句因為人們愿意相信偉大哲學家亞里士多德(公元前384—前322)提出的那些陳舊的觀點，這一點并不奇怪。6．Peoplemaketheassumptionthatifsomeoneimportantandrespectedsaysthatsomethingisright,thenitmustbeso.[句式分析]此句為___________句；主句為___________________________；that引導_________________,解釋說明assumption的內(nèi)容，if引導的從句在從句中作____________；第二個that引導_________.[自主翻譯]

主從復合Peoplemaketheassumption同位語從句條件狀語從句賓語從句人們認為，如果某個重要的、受人尊敬的人說某件事是對的，那么它一定是對的。7．ButeventhoughAristotlewasagreatmanwhoinspiredmanygreatscientistsandphilosophersafterhim，hewaswrongattimes.[句式分析]此句為

___________句；主句為__________________；eventhough引導____________，who引導___________，先行詞agreatman在從句中作主語，故用who。[自主翻譯]

主從復合hewaswrongattimes讓步狀語從句定語從句但即使是亞里士多德這樣曾鼓舞了很多科學家和哲學家的偉大人物，有時也會犯錯