2025屆新高考英語(yǔ)熱點(diǎn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

2025屆新高考英語(yǔ)熱點(diǎn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)CONTENTS被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice01被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法Theuseofpassivevoice02被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Passivevoice語(yǔ)態(tài)也是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系。英語(yǔ)有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài):主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(activevoice)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(passivevoice)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則表示主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的承受者。Part012023被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成十種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Passivevoicefortencommontenses01“get+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)"get+pastparticiple"structure02“seem/appear+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)"seem/appear+pastparticiple"structure03被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中常用的介詞Aprepositioncommonlyusedinthepassivevoice04被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice助動(dòng)詞be＋及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是由助動(dòng)詞be加及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，如果有必要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者可以由介詞by引出的短語(yǔ)表示。助動(dòng)詞be隨主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)氣的不同而變化。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)Aremanygoods

abroadeveryday每天都有許多貨物運(yùn)往國(guó)外嗎Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.我們每天打掃教室。一、十種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Theclassroom

byuseveryday.教室每天都由我們打掃。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):am/is/aredoneSuchsongs

bygirls.這些歌通常是女孩子們唱的。Russian

inourschool.我們學(xué)校不教俄語(yǔ)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):doiscleanedareusuallysungshippedisnottaught被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice2、一般過(guò)去時(shí)

manytrees

(plant)onthehillyesterday昨天山上種了許多樹(shù)嗎?Wecleanedtheclassroomyesterday.昨天我們打掃了教室。一、十種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Theclassroom

（clean）byusyesterday.昨天教室被我們打掃了。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):was/weredoneThewindow

（break)bymyson.窗子是我兒子打破的。She

.她被表白了。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):didwascleanedwasbrokenplantedWere

wasconfessed.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)Willtheschoolsportsmeeting

nextweek?校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將在下星期舉行嗎?Wewillcleantheclassroomsoon.我們很快要打掃教室。一、十種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Theclassroom

soon.教室很快要被打掃了。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):will/shallbedoneThework

immediately.這工作將馬上做。Whenshallwe

alectureontheInternet什么時(shí)候給我們作有關(guān)因特網(wǎng)的講座?主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):will/shalldowillbecleanedwillbedonebeheldbegiven被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice4.一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)Sheaskedwhethertheirplan

withgreatcare.她問(wèn)他們的計(jì)劃會(huì)不會(huì)得到仔細(xì)的考慮。Wetoldhimthatwewouldcleantheclassroomsoon.我們告訴他我們馬上就打掃教室。一、十種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Wetoldhimthattheclassroom

soon.我們告訴他教室很快就會(huì)被打掃的。Hesaidthatanewtradecenter

inthecentreofthecity.他說(shuō)一個(gè)新的貿(mào)易中心將在市中心建起來(lái)。Iwasn'ttoldthatI

totheparty.沒(méi)人告訴我要被邀請(qǐng)出席晚會(huì)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):wouldbedone主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):woulddowouldbecleanedwouldbebuiltwouldbeconsideredwouldbeinvited被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice5、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

thebabies

careofbythisnurse.這些嬰兒正由這個(gè)護(hù)士照看嗎?Wearecleaningtheclassroomnow.我們現(xiàn)在正在打掃教室。一、十種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Theclassroom

now.教室現(xiàn)在正在被打掃。Ahospital

inthecentreofthetown.鎮(zhèn)中心正在興建一家醫(yī)院。How

thenewteachingmethod

there.那里是怎樣試行這種新教學(xué)方法的?被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):am/is/arebeingdone主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):am/is/aredoingisbeingcleanedisbeingbuiltArebeingtakenisbeingtried被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice6、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

theTV

thistimeyesterday昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候電視機(jī)正在被修理嗎?Wewerecleaningtheclassroomthistimeyesterday.昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候我們?cè)诖驋呓淌?。一、十種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Theclassroom

（clean）thistimeyesterday.昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候教室正在被打掃Theteachingplan

（discuss）atthattime.那時(shí)正在討論教學(xué)計(jì)劃。Thehouse

whenwearrivedathishome.我們到他家時(shí)，他家房子正在粉刷。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):was/werebeingdone主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):was/weredoingwasbeingcleanedwasbeingdiscussedwasbeingpaintedbeingfixedWas被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice7、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Theradiohas

（turn）onyet.收音機(jī)還沒(méi)開(kāi)。Theclassroomlookstidy.Wehavecleanedit.教室看起來(lái)很整潔。我們已經(jīng)打掃了。一、十種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Theclassroomlookstidy.It

.教室看起來(lái)很整潔。它已經(jīng)被打掃了Manyforeignfilms

（show）

onTVsincelastmonth.上個(gè)月以來(lái)，電視中播放了許多外國(guó)影片。Hasanewtrainingcentre

（setup）inourtown我們鎮(zhèn)上新的培訓(xùn)中心建好了嗎?被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):has/havebeendone主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):has/havedonehasbeencleanedhavebeenshownnotbeenturnedbeensetup被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice8、過(guò)去完成時(shí)Shetoldmethatshe

（dismiss）byherboss.她告訴我，她的老板已把她解雇了。Theclassroomlookedtidy.Wehadcleanedit.教室看起來(lái)很整潔。我們已經(jīng)打掃過(guò)了。一、十種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Theclassroomlookedtidy.It

（clean）.教室看起來(lái)很整潔。它已經(jīng)被打掃過(guò)了。Hisnewlywrittennovel

（translateinto）Englishbytheendoflastmonth.上個(gè)月末，他剛寫(xiě)的小說(shuō)已被翻譯成了英語(yǔ)。Herhomework

whenIgothome.我到家的時(shí)候，她的作業(yè)還沒(méi)有完成。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):hadbeendone主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):haddonehadbeencleanedhad

beentranslatedintohadbeendismissedhadnotbeenfinished被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice9、將來(lái)完成時(shí)Howmanyexpressways

（complete）bytheendofnextyear到明年年底將建成多少條高速公路?Wewillhavecleanedtheclassroombyfiveo'clock.我們將在五點(diǎn)之前打掃完教室。一、十種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Theclassroom

（clean）byfiveo'clock.教室將在五點(diǎn)以前打掃完。Thenewbooks

（enter）intheregisterbeforeanotherparcelarrives.這些新書(shū)在下一批書(shū)到來(lái)前將登記完畢。Beforeyoureturnmywork

.（do）你回來(lái)前我的工作將會(huì)做完。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):will/shallhavebeendone主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):will/shallhavedonewillhavebeencleanedwillhavebeenenteredwillhavebeencompletedwillhavebeendone被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice10、過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)Thedaywasdrawingnearwhenthedam

.（complete）大壩完工的日子不遠(yuǎn)了。Isaidwewouldhavecleaned

theclassroomby500.我說(shuō)我們將在五點(diǎn)之前打掃完教室。一、十種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Isaidtheclassroom

by500.我說(shuō)教室將在五點(diǎn)以前打掃完。Theheadmastersaidthearticle

（translate）bytheendofnextmonth.校長(zhǎng)說(shuō)文章將在下月底翻譯好。Hetoldmethatpreparations

（finish）by600.他告訴我準(zhǔn)備工作將在六點(diǎn)前完成。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):wouldhavebeendone主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):wouldhavedone

wouldhavebeenfinishedwouldhavebeencleanedwouldhavebeentranslatedwouldhavebeencompleted十種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)狀態(tài)時(shí)間現(xiàn)在過(guò)去將來(lái)過(guò)去將來(lái)一般am/is/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedonewouldbedone進(jìn)行am/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone完成has/havebeendonehadbeendonewill/shallhavebeendonewouldhavebeendone難度：適中1、Currently,about35,000works________inover300roomsintheLouvre,anditwouldtakealifetimetoseeeverything.A．weredisplaying B．a(chǎn)redisplayingC．werebeingdisplayed D．a(chǎn)rebeingdisplayed2、Foodandmedicalsupplies________toalltheresidentsafterthehurricanelastSunday.A．distribute

B．distributedC．a(chǎn)redistributed

D．weredistributed3、Markisagenius.Bythetimehegraduated,he________jobsbyadozencomputercompanies.A．hasoffered

B．hasbeenofferedC．hadoffered

D．hadbeenoffered4.Amy,aswellasherbrothers,________awarmwelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.A．isgiven

B．a(chǎn)regivenC．wasgiven

D．weregiven5.Theyaretryingtomakesurethat5Gterminals________by2022fortheBeijingWinterOlympics.A．willinstall B．willhavebeeninstalledC．a(chǎn)reinstalled D．havebeeninstalled1.Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowtheplan________inthepasttwoyears.A．wouldbecarriedout B．wascarriedoutC．hadbeencarriedout D．isbeingcarriedout

2、Afterawhile,herealizedthathewasinasituation_________hewas_________.A．where;madeuse B．that;madeuseofC．inwhich;madeuseof D．which;madeuse3、BytheendoflastDecember,theNationalAquaticCenter,also________the“WaterCube”,________intoan“IceCube”fortheupcomingBeijingWinterOlympics.A．wasreferredtoas…transformedB．referredtoas…wastransformedC．wasreferredtoas…beingtransformedD．referredtoas…h(huán)adbeentransformed4、Sofar,largeamountsofmoney_____forthosewhosehousesweredamagedbythepowerfultyphoon(臺(tái)風(fēng))A．havebeencollected B．hasbeencollected C．wascollected D．werecollected5、

－Whydoestheriversmellterrible?－Becauselargequantitiesofrubbish______there.A．havethrown B．isbeingthrownC．hasbeenthrown D．havebeenthrown難度：較難被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)除常用“be+過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成外，還可用“get+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)多用在口語(yǔ)中，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果。Theboygothurtwhenhewasridingtoschool.那孩子騎車(chē)上學(xué)時(shí)受傷了。二、“get+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)Didyourlettergetanswered你收到回信了嗎?注意:用“get+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，其后的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者(即by短語(yǔ))一般不表示出來(lái)。AsIpassedby,myskirt

（catch）onanail.我經(jīng)過(guò)的時(shí)候，我的裙子被釘子掛住了。Finallyhisbike

（repair）.最后他的自行車(chē)得到了修理。gotrepairedgotcaught（1）在"be+過(guò)去分詞"的結(jié)構(gòu)中，be是助動(dòng)詞（auxiliary），可以用來(lái)獨(dú)立構(gòu)成否定句和疑問(wèn)句；get不是助動(dòng)詞，在否定句和疑問(wèn)句，必須增加助動(dòng)詞。WasKimattackedbyatiger?Kimwasnotattackedbyatiger."get+過(guò)去分詞"和"be+過(guò)去分詞"有幾個(gè)區(qū)別DidKimgetattackedbyatiger?GotKimattackedbyatiger?Kimgotnotattackedbyatiger.Kimdidnotgetattackedbyatiger.判斷正誤√××√被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice有時(shí)“seem/appear+過(guò)去分詞”也可以構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Thehouseappearsdeserted.這房子好像沒(méi)人居住。三、“seem/appear+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)Sheseemedannoyedbyhiswords.她似乎被他的話搞得很惱火。提示:并不是所有的“be+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的be都能被get或seem,appear等詞代替。[誤]Shegotborninasmallvillage.[誤]Theoldmangotofferedalargesumofmoney.[正]Shewasborninasmallvillage.[正]Colinwerecaughtcheatingintheexam.科林考試作弊被抓了。[正]Theoldmanwasofferedalargesumofmoney.[誤]Colingotcaughtcheatingintheexam.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice

isthebookwritten這本書(shū)是誰(shuí)寫(xiě)的?四、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中常用的介詞Thechildrenweredrivenindoorsbytherain.孩子們被雨趕進(jìn)了室內(nèi)。1、by表示動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或施加者Thewolfwaskilledwithagun.狼被槍打死了。Thefieldwasspreadwithwildflowers.田野里野花遍地。2、with表示用某種工具Bywhom被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成TheformationofpassivevoiceGoodwineismadefromgrain.好酒是糧食制成的。四、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中常用的介詞3、from表示源于某種物質(zhì)(看不出原材料)Thetableismadeofwood.這張桌子是用木頭做的。5.其他介詞4、of表示用某種材料制成(看得出原材料)Heisknowntoeverybody.大家都認(rèn)識(shí)他。Youarewantedonthephone.有電話找你。Shewascaughtintherain.她遭雨淋了。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成Theformationofpassivevoice四、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中常用的介詞注意:動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者可以由介詞by引出的短語(yǔ)表示,但被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子中的by短語(yǔ)并不總是表示動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者。Apolicemanisknownbytheclotheshewears.警察可以通過(guò)他的服裝辨認(rèn)出來(lái)。(by表示方式)Hewasmuchflatteredbyheraskinghimtodinner.她邀請(qǐng)他吃晚飯，他受寵若驚了。(by表示原因)Thesnowwaspiledhighbythegate.門(mén)口雪堆積得很高。(by表示地點(diǎn))Part022023被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法TheuseofpassivevoiceScientistssaythatworkisdonewheneveraforcemoves.科學(xué)家們說(shuō)，力移動(dòng)時(shí)就做了功。Howisthiswordpronounced這個(gè)單詞怎么發(fā)音?Afterwar,everythinghadbeendestroyed.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束后，一切都被毀壞了。英語(yǔ)中，大多數(shù)情況下用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)比較簡(jiǎn)練、有力。但是，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)也有其特殊的用途，它也是表達(dá)思想、描述事物的需要。人們通常在下列情況下使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):（一）不知道或不必說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者AgreaternumberofmagicEnglishbookswillbe

publishednextyear.明年將有更多的魔法英語(yǔ)書(shū)出版。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法TheuseofpassivevoiceAnewHopeSchoolwillbeopenedinourvillage.我們家鄉(xiāng)將開(kāi)辦一所新的希望學(xué)校。(強(qiáng)調(diào)anewHopeSchool)Ifyoubreaktheschoolrules,youwillbepunished.如果你違反校規(guī)，你將受到懲罰。(強(qiáng)調(diào)you)Sheislikedbyeverybody.大家都喜歡她。英語(yǔ)中，大多數(shù)情況下用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)比較簡(jiǎn)練、有力。但是，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)也有其特殊的用途，它也是表達(dá)思想、描述事物的需要。人們通常在下列情況下使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):（二）強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者XiaoLiwaselectedmonitoroftheclass.小李被選為班長(zhǎng)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法TheuseofpassivevoiceWewereshockedbythenewsofhisdeath.我們聽(tīng)到他的死訊極為震驚。Thebridgewaswashedawaybytheflood.橋被洪水沖走了。英語(yǔ)中，大多數(shù)情況下用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)比較簡(jiǎn)練、有力。但是，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)也有其特殊的用途，它也是表達(dá)思想、描述事物的需要。人們通常在下列情況下使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):（三）動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不是人而是無(wú)生命的事物Manyaccidentswerecausedbycarelessdriving.許多事故都是開(kāi)車(chē)不小心造成的。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法TheuseofpassivevoiceTheoldprofessorgavealectureonAmericanhistoryandwaswellreceived.這位老教授作了一個(gè)有關(guān)美國(guó)歷史的講座，受到大家的熱烈歡迎。Heappearedonthestageandwaswarmlyapplaudedbytheaudience.他出現(xiàn)在舞臺(tái)上，受到了觀眾的熱烈鼓掌。英語(yǔ)中，大多數(shù)情況下用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)比較簡(jiǎn)練、有力。但是，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)也有其特殊的用途，它也是表達(dá)思想、描述事物的需要。人們通常在下列情況下使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):（四）修辭的需要，為了使句子更加簡(jiǎn)練、勻稱(chēng)IwasshownroundtheschoolcampusbySean,whohadenteredtheschooljustayearbefore.肖恩帶我參觀了校園，他去年剛進(jìn)這所學(xué)校。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法TheuseofpassivevoiceEverybodyisexpectedtoobeythefollowingrules.希望大家遵守以下規(guī)定。You'vebeentoldmanytimesnottomakethesamemistake.你已被多次告知不要犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。英語(yǔ)中，大多數(shù)情況下用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)比較簡(jiǎn)練、有力。但是，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)也有其特殊的用途，它也是表達(dá)思想、描述事物的需要。人們通常在下列情況下使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):（五）為了表示委婉或禮貌，避免提及動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者或說(shuō)話者自己Thecontrolroommaynotbeenteredwithoutpermission.非經(jīng)許可，勿入控制室。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法TheuseofpassivevoiceThewest-eastgaspipelineprojectwaskickedoffonJuly4,abigeventinthenation'swestdevelo