ted英語演講-拯救生命的溫暖擁抱

TED英語演講：拯救生命的溫暖擁抱演說題目：挽救生命的暖和擁抱!演說者：JaneChenPleasecloseyoureyes,andopenyourhands.Nowimaginewhatyoucouldplaceinyourhands:anapple,maybeyourwallet.Nowopenyoureyes.Whataboutalife?請閉上眼睛，翻開雙手，想象下,你們的手中可以放些什么?一只蘋果?或者錢包?請睜開眼睛.你曾否想過一個生命?Whatyouseehereisaprematurebaby.Helookslikehesrestingpeacefully,butinfacthesstrugglingtostayalivebecausehecantregulatehisownbodytemperature.Thisbabyissotinyhedoesnthaveenoughfatonhisbodytostaywarm.Sadly,20millionbabieslikethisareborneveryyeararoundtheworld.Fourmillionofthesebabiesdieannually.這是一個早產(chǎn)兒。看起來，他好似在安睡，但事實上，他正與死神作斗爭。由于他無法調(diào)整自己的體溫。這個嬰兒實在太小了，他沒有足夠的脂肪來維持體溫。很悲傷...每年都有兩千萬這樣的嬰兒誕生在世界上。其中的四百萬無法存活。Butthebiggerproblemisthattheoneswhodosurvivegrowupwithsevere,long-termhealthproblems.Thereasonisbecauseinthefirstmonthofababyslife,itsonlyjobistogrow.Ifitsbattlinghypothermia,itsorganscantdevelopnormally,resultinginarangeofhealthproblemsfromdiabetes,toheartdisease,tolowI.Q.Imagine:Manyoftheseproblemscouldbepreventedifthesebabieswerejustkeptwarm.但更嚴峻的問題是，假設他們幸運存活一些慢性病將伴隨他們一生。由于在嬰兒誕生的第一個月他們唯一要做的就是成長。假設體溫不穩(wěn)定，器官不能正常發(fā)育隨之而來的，就是一連串安康問題如糖尿病，心臟病，或弱智。想象下，這些問題本可避開只要能讓嬰兒保暖。Thatistheprimaryfunctionofanincubator.Buttraditionalincubatorsrequireelectricityandcostupto20thousanddollars.So,yourenotgoingtofindtheminruralareasofdevelopingcountries.Asaresult,parentsresorttolocalsolutionsliketyinghotwaterbottlesaroundtheirbabiesbodies,orplacingthemunderlightbulbsliketheonesyouseehere--methodsthatarebothineffectiveandunsafe.Iveseenthisfirsthandoverandoveragain.給嬰兒保暖是恒溫箱的主要功能。但傳統(tǒng)的恒溫箱需要電源且售價高達2萬美元。在進展中國家的偏遠地區(qū)，恒溫箱根本不存在。因此，父母們只能就地取材，如在早產(chǎn)兒身體四周綁上熱水壺或如你們所看的這張圖，將早產(chǎn)兒放在燈泡下--這些方法效果差，且擔憂全。我屢次親眼目睹這些慘劇。OnoneofmyfirsttripstoIndia,Imetthisyoungwoman,Sevitha,whohadjustgivenbirthtoatinyprematurebaby,Rani.Shetookherbabytothenearestvillageclinic,andthedoctoradvisedhertotakeRanitoacityhospitalsoshecouldbeplacedinanincubator.Butthathospitalwasoverfourhoursaway,andSevithadidnthavethemeanstogetthere,soherbabydied.頭幾次去印度時，我遇到了這樣一位年輕的女性，Sevitha，她剛剛誕下了一個瘦小的早產(chǎn)兒，Rani。她帶著孩子去了村子里最近的診所，醫(yī)生建議她帶Rani去市區(qū)的醫(yī)院把Rani放在恒溫箱里。但去醫(yī)院要花四個多小時。Sevitha沒方法去，于是，她的珍寶走了。Inspiredbythisstory,anddozensofothersimilarstorieslikethis,myteamandIrealizedwhatwasneededwasalocalsolution,somethingthatcouldworkwithoutelectricity,thatwassimpleenoughforamotheroramidwifetouse,giventhatthemajorityofbirthsstilltakeplaceinthehome.Weneededsomethingthatwasportable,somethingthatcouldbesterilizedandreusedacrossmultiplebabiesandsomethingultra-low-cost,comparedtothe20,000dollarsthatanincubatorintheU.S.costs.由這個故事，及其他類似的故事中受到啟發(fā)，我和我的團隊意識到，必需要有一個可以就地取材的方法，一個可不插電的工具，簡潔易用，不會難倒母親和產(chǎn)婆，由于大多數(shù)的嬰兒仍舊是在家中被接生的。這個工具需便利攜帶，可以被消毒，并給不同的嬰兒重復用法，價格得極其廉價，遠低于兩萬美元，這就是我們要設計的恒溫箱。So,thisiswhatwecameupwith.Whatyouseeherelooksnothinglikeanincubator.Itlookslikeasmallsleepingbagforababy.Youcanopenitupcompletely.Itswaterproof.Theresnoseamsinsidesoyoucansterilizeitveryeasily.Butthemagicisinthispouchofwa_.Thisisaphase-changematerial.Itsawa_-likesubstancewithameltingpointofhumanbodytemperature,37degreesCelsius.Youcanmeltthissimplyusinghotwaterandthenwhenitmeltsitsabletomaintainoneconstanttemperatureforfourtosi_hoursatatime,afterwhichyousimplyreheatthepouch.So,youthenplaceitintothislittlepocketbackhere,anditcreatesawarmmicro-environmentforthebaby.這就是我們的成果。它看起來一點也不像個恒溫箱。反似嬰兒用的睡袋。你可以把它完全翻開。它是防水的。無縫設計，便于消毒。但奇妙的地方就在這一包蠟里。這是一種漸變性材料。形似蠟，融點為人體體溫37攝氏度。用熱水就可以把它溶化當它溶化時，它將保持恒定的溫度每次維持4到6小時，之后，你可以對包囊再加熱。將它放在背后的小口袋里，它會為嬰兒營造一個暖和的小環(huán)境。Lookssimple,butwevereiteratedthisdozensoftimesbygoingintothefieldtotalktodoctors,momsandclinicianstoensurethatthisreallymeetstheneedsofthelocalcommunities.WeplantolaunchthisproductinIndiain20__,andthetargetpricepointwillbe25dollars,lessthan0.1percentofthecostofatraditionalincubator.看似簡潔，但我們?yōu)榇藢掖卧煸L當?shù)氐尼t(yī)生，母親，診所以確保它能滿足當?shù)氐囊?。我們方案?0__年在印度投放該產(chǎn)品。目的價格定為每只25美元，不到傳統(tǒng)恒溫箱價格的0.1%。Overthene_tfiveyearswehopetosavethelivesofalmostamillionbabies.Butthelonger-termsocialimpactisareductioninpopulationgrowth.Thisseemscounterintuitive,butturnsoutthatasinfantmortalityisreduced,populationsizesalsodecrease,becauseparentsdontneedtoanticipatethattheirbabiesaregoingtodie.WehopethattheEmbraceinfantwarmerandothersimpleinnovationslikethisrepresentanewtrendforthefutureoftechnology:simple,localized,affordablesolutionsthathavethepotentialtomakehugesocialimpact.在接下來的五年，我們盼望可以救助一百萬名嬰兒。但它長期的社會影響是降低人口增長。聽起來好似有違常理，但只要嬰兒的死亡率降低，人口也將削減，由于父母們不用擔憂孩子會過早夭折而生更多的孩子。我們盼望這款暖和的擁抱以及其他類似的小創(chuàng)新能代表將來科技的趨勢：簡約化，外鄉(xiāng)化，經(jīng)濟化，這將對社會產(chǎn)生宏大影響力。Indesigningthiswefollowedafewbasicprinciples.Wereallytriedtounderstandtheenduser,inthiscase,peoplelikeSevitha.Wetriedtounderstandtherootoftheproblemratherthanbeingbiasedbywhatalreadye_ists.Andthenwethoughtofthemostsimplesolutionwecouldtoaddressthis