2022年新高考全國Ⅱ卷英語真題含參考答案

2022年新高考全國Ⅱ卷英語真題一、閱讀理解Children’sDiscoveryMuseumGeneralInformationaboutGroupPlayPricingGroupPlay$7/personScholarshipsWeofferscholarshipstolow-incomeschoolsandyouthorganizations,subjecttoavailability.Participationinapost-visitsurveyisrequired.ScholarshipsareforGroupPlayadmissionfeesand/ortransportation.Transportationinvoices(發(fā)票)mustbereceivedwithin60daysofyourvisittoguaranteethescholarship.GroupSizeWerequireonechaperone(監(jiān)護人)pertenchildren.Failuretoprovideenoughchaperoneswillresultinanextrachargeof$50perabsentadult.GroupPlayisforgroupsof10ormorewithalimitof35people.Forgroupsof35ormore,pleasecalltodiscussoptions.HoursTheMuseumisopendailyfrom9:30amto4:30pm.GroupPlaymaybescheduledduringanydayortimetheMuseumisopen.RegistrationPolicyRegistrationmustbemadeatleasttwoweeksinadvance.RegisteronlineorfilloutaGroupPlayRegistrationFormwithmultipledateandstarttimeoptions.Oncetheregistrationformisreceivedandprocessed,wewillsendaconfirmationemailwithintwobusinessdays.Guidelines●Teachersandchaperonesshouldmodelgoodbehaviorforthegroupandremainwithstudentsatalltimes.●ChildrenarenotallowedunaccompaniedinallareasoftheMuseum.●Childrenshouldplaynicelywitheachotherandexhibits.●UseyourindoorvoicewhenattheMuseum.1．Whatdoesagroupneedtodoiftheyareofferedascholarship?A．Prepaytheadmissionfees.B．UsetheMuseum’stransportation.試卷第1頁，共17頁C．Takeasurveyafterthevisit.D．Scheduletheirvisitonweekdays.2．Howmanychaperonesareneededforagroupof30childrentovisittheMuseum?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.3．WhatarechildrenprohibitedfromdoingattheMuseum?A．Usingthecomputer.C．Touchingtheexhibits.Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Forthem,it’sjustnormal.ThishithomeformeasIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.Ihadbroughtachildren’sbooktoread.Ithadsimplewordsandcolorfulpictures—aperfectmatchforhisage.Picturethis:mygrandsonsittingonmylapasIholdthebookinfrontsohecanseethepictures.AsIread,hereachesoutandpokes(戳)thepagewithhisfinger.What’supwiththat?Hejustlikesthepictures,Ithought.ThenIturnedthepageandcontinued.Hepokedthepageevenharder.Inearlydroppedthebook.Iwasconfused:Istheresomethingwrongwiththiskid?ThenIrealizedwhatwashappening.Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.Sorry,kid.Thisbookisnotpartofyourhigh-techworld.It’sanoutdated,lifelessthing.Anantique,likeyourgrandfather.Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.Butthatdidn’tstopChinaDailyfromaskingmelastweektoshareapersonalstoryforavideoprojectabouttheintegrationofBeijing,TianjinandHebeiprovince.Anyway,grandpaisnowaninternetstar—twominutesoffame!Ipromisenottoletitgotomyhead.ButIwillmakesuremy2-year-oldgrandsonseesitonhistablet.4．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hithomeforme”meaninparagraph2?A．Providedshelterforme.C．Tookthepressureoffme.5．Whydidthekidpokethestorybook?A．Hetookitforatabletcomputer.B．Hedislikedthecolorfulpictures.試卷第2頁，共17頁B．Becameverycleartome.D．Workedquitewellonme.B．Talkingwitheachother.D．Exploringtheplacealone.C．Hewasangrywithhisgrandpa.6．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhimself?A．Sociallyambitious.C．Financiallyindependent.D．Hewantedtoreaditbyhimself.B．Physicallyattractive.D．Digitallycompetent.7．Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorasajournalist?A．Helacksexperienceinhisjob.C．Hemanagesavideodepartment.Overthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers,andpublicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.Yettheproblem,byjustaboutanymeasure,appearstobegettingworse.Americansarestilltextingwhiledriving,aswellasusingsocialnetworksandtakingphotos.Roadaccidents,whichhadfallenforyears,arenowrisingsharply.Thatispartlybecausepeoplearedrivingmore,butMarkRosekind,thechiefoftheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration,saiddistracted（分心）drivingwas"onlyincreasing,unfortunately.""Bigchangerequiresbigideas."hesaidinaspeechlastmonth,referringbroadlytotheneedtoimproveroadsafety.Sototrytochangeadistinctlymodernbehavior,lawmakersandpublichealthexpertsarereachingbacktoanoldapproach:Theywanttotreatdistracteddrivinglikedrunkdriving.AnideafromlawmakersinNewYorkistogivepoliceofficersanewdevicecalledtheTextalyzer.Itwouldworklikethis:AnofficerarrivingatthesceneofacrashcouldaskforthephonesofthedriversandusetheTextalyzertocheckintheoperatingsystemforrecentactivity.Thetechnologycoulddeterminewhetheradriverhadjusttexted,emailedordoneanythingelsethatisnotallowedunderNewYork'shands-freedrivinglaws."Weneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeople'sbehavior,”saidFélixW.Ortiz,whopushedforthestate's2001banonhand-helddevicesbydrivers.IftheTextalyzerbillbecomeslaw,hesaid,"peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthecellphone."8．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebanondrivers'textingintheUS?A．Ineffective.C．Inconsistent.B．Unnecessary.D．Unfair.B．Heseldomappearsontelevision.D．Heofteninterviewsinternetstars.9．WhatcantheTextalyzerhelpapoliceofficerfindout?A．Whereadrivercamefrom.C．Howfastadriverwasgoing.B．Whetheradriverusedtheirphone.D．Whenadriverarrivedatthescene.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"something"inthelastparagraphreferto?試卷第3頁，共17頁A．Advice.B．Data.C．Tests.D．Laws.11．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ToDriveorNottoDrive?ThinkBeforeYouStartB．TextingandDriving?WatchOutfortheTextalyzerC．NewYorkBanningHand-HeldDevicesbyDrivers.D．TheNextGenerationCellPhone:TheTextalyzer-Asweage,evenifwe’rehealthy,theheartjustisn’tasefficientinprocessingoxygenasitusedtobe.Inmostpeoplethefirstsignsshowupintheir50sorearly60s.Andamongpeoplewhodon’texercise,thechangescanstartevensooner.“Thinkofarubberband.Inthebeginning,itisflexible,butputitinadrawerfor20yearsanditwillbecomedryandeasilybroken,”saysDr.BenLevine,aheartspecialistattheUniversityofTexas.That’swhathappenstotheheart.Fortunatelyforthoseinmidlife,Levineisfindingthatevenifyouhaven’tbeenanenthusiasticexerciser,gettinginshapenowmayhelpimproveyouragingheart.Levineandhisresearchteamselectedvolunteersagedbetween45and64whodidnotexercisemuchbutwereotherwisehealthy.Participantswererandomlydividedintotwogroups.Thefirstgroupparticipatedinaprogramofnonaerobic(無氧)exercise—balancetrainingandweighttraining—threetimesaweek.Thesecondgroupdidhigh-intensityaerobicexerciseundertheguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.Aftertwoyears,thesecondgroupsawremarkableimprovementsinhearthealth.“Wetookthese50-year-oldheartsandturnedtheclockbackto30-or35-year-oldhearts,”saysLevine.“Andthereasontheygotsomuchstrongerandfitterwasthattheirheartscouldnowfillalotbetterandpump(泵送)alotmorebloodduringexercise.”Buttheheartsofthosewhoparticipatedinlessintenseexercisedidn’tchange,hesays.“Thesweetspotinlifetostartexercising,ifyouhaven’talready,isinlatemiddleagewhentheheartstillhasflexibility,”Levinesays.“Weputhealthy70-year-oldsthroughayearlongexercisetrainingprogram,andnothinghappenedtothematall.”Dr.NiecaGoldberg,aspokeswomanfortheAmericanHeartAssociation,saysLevine’sfindingsareagreatstart.Butthestudywassmallandneedstoberepeatedwithfarlargergroupsofpeopletodetermineexactlywhichaspectsofanexerciseroutinemakethebiggestdifference.12．WhatdoesLevinewanttoexplainbymentioningtherubberband?A．Therightwayofexercising.C．Thedifficultyofkeepingfit.B．Thecausesofaheartattack.D．Theagingprocessoftheheart.13．Inwhichaspectwerethetwogroupsdifferentintermsofresearchdesign?試卷第4頁，共17頁A．Dietplan.C．Exercisetype.14．WhatdoesLevine’sresearchfind?B．Professionalbackground.D．Previousphysicalcondition.A．Middle-agedheartsgetyoungerwithaerobicexercise.B．High-intensityexerciseismoresuitablefortheyoung.C．Itisnevertoolateforpeopletostarttakingexercise.D．Themoreexercisewedo,thestrongerourheartsget.15．WhatdoesDr.NiecaGoldbergsuggest?A．Makinguseofthefindings.C．Conductingfurtherresearch.B．Interviewingthestudyparticipants.D．Clarifyingthepurposeofthestudy.二、七選五Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However,theprocesscanbemadeeasierifyoulearntopracticethreesimpletechniques.___16___Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.Staylooseandfree.___17___Don’tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.Eventhoughthistechniquewon’tworkforeveryone,ithelpsmanypeoplegetagoodstoreofideastodrawon.Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.___18___Yet,bylearningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled(弄皺)paper.Thinkofyourfirstdraftasapathcutoutofthejungle—aspartofanexploration,notasacompletehighway.Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple—spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision.___19___Asaresult,thesewritersnevergetinthehabitofcrossingoutchunks(大塊)oftheirdraftandwritingrevisionsintheblankspace.Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore,youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.___20___Theresultingblankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.A．Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B．Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C．Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D．Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E．Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F．Manybeginningwritersdon’tleaveenoughspacetorevise.試卷第5頁，共17頁G．Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriple-space.三、完形填空Likemanyyoungpeople,Jessicawantstotraveltheglobe.Unlikemostofthem,this25-year-oldisdoingit___21___.Sheandherhusbandhavespentthelasttwoyearstravelingtheworld,stoppingeverywherefromParistoSingapore.Itmightsoundlikeonelong,expensive___22___,butthecouplehasanunusualwaytomaketheirtravel___23___.They’repartofanewformofthe___24___economy:anonlinegroupofhousesitters.Throughouttheirno-coststaysin___25___homes,theyfeedpetsandwaterplantsinthehomeowner’s___26___.It’snotallsightseeing.Thetwotravelerscarefully___27___theirtrips,schedulingtheirdaysaroundthepetsthataresometimesdifficultto___28___.Buthousesittingalsooffersalevelof___29___theycan’tfindinahotel.“It’slike____30____atafriend’shouse,”Jessicasays.Thecouplehasahigh____31____rateingettingacceptedashousesittersandtheyalwaysgobeyondthehomeowner’s____32____.ForJessica,thatmeans____33____plentyofpicturesofhappypets,keepingthehouse____34____andleavinganicesmallgiftbeforeheadingtothenexthouse.“Youwanttomakethehomeownerfeelthattheymadetheright____35____,”shesays.21．A．indoors22．A．game23．A．safe24．A．local25．A．strangers’26．A．favor27．A．plan28．A．buy29．A．support30．A．cooking31．A．success32．A．budget33．A．a(chǎn)dmiring34．A．clean35．A．guessB．onlineB．serviceB．busyB．privateB．parents’B．defenseB．explainB．transportB．comfortB．stayingB．survivalB．a(chǎn)bilitiesB．donatingB．openB．decisionC．single-handedC．vacationC．helpfulC．sharingC．co-workers’C．honorC．compareC．chooseC．controlC．waitingC．growthC．expectationsC．sendingC．simpleC．responseD．full-timeD．procedureD．a(chǎn)ffordableD．a(chǎn)griculturalD．neighbors’D．a(chǎn)bsenceD．completeD．pleaseD．a(chǎn)ttentionD．studyingD．unemploymentD．understandingD．borrowingD．emptyD．impression試卷第6頁，共17頁四、用單詞的適當形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。HenryTylermadethecatchoftheyearontheweekend.Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(陽臺),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe___36___(fall)child.EricBrown,onlythreeyearsold,knockedHenrydownwhenhefell.Theboyisinthehospitalanddoctorssayhe'llbeOK.___37___BrownfamilyliveinanapartmentbuildingoutsideToronto.Onthedayoftheaccident,Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.Theybothfell___38___(sleep)whilewatchingTV.Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup___39___(see)them.Whenhelookeddown,he___40___(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.Hehungonforafewminutes___41___screamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.Henry___42___(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.Hequickly___43___(throw)histoolsaside,andstartedrunning,armsout.Hesavedmy___44___(son)life,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknow___45___tothankhim.”"Ijustdidn'twanttheboytobehurt,"saidHenry.五、邀請信46．假定你是校廣播站英語節(jié)目“TalkandTalk”的負責(zé)人李華，請給外教Caroline寫郵件邀請她做一次訪談。內(nèi)容包括：1.節(jié)目介紹；2.訪談的時間和話題。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearCaroline,____________________________________________________________________________________________________試卷第7頁，共17頁__________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua六、讀后續(xù)寫47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Itwasthedayofthebigcross-countryrun.Studentsfromsevendifferentprimaryschoolsinandaroundthesmalltownwerewarmingupandwalkingtheroute(路線)throughthickevergreenforest.IlookedaroundandfinallyspottedDavid,whowasstandingbyhimselfofftothesidebyafence.Hewassmallfortenyearsold.Hisusualbigtoothysmilewasabsenttoday.Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn’twiththeotherchildren.Hehesitatedandthensaidhehaddecidednottorun.Whatwaswrong?Hehadworkedsohardforthisevent!Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschool’scoachandaskedhimwhathadhappened.“Iwasafraidthatkidsfromotherschoolswouldlaughathim,”heexplaineduncomfortably.“Igavehimthechoicetorunornot,andlethimdecide.”Ibitbackmyfrustration(懊惱).Iknewthecoachmeantwell—hethoughthewasdoingtherightthing.AftermakingsurethatDavidcouldrunifhewanted,Iturnedtofindhimcomingtowardsme,hissmallbodyrockingfromsidetosideasheswunghisfeetforward.Davidhadabraindiseasewhichpreventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren,butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.ThatwaswhynoneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualthatDavidhaddecidedtojointhecross-countryteam.Itjusttookhimlonger—that’sall.Davidhadnotmissedasinglepractice,andalthoughhealwaysfinishedhisrunlongaftertheotherchildren,hedidalwaysfinish.Asaspecialeducationteacherattheschool,IwasfamiliarwiththechallengesDavidfacedandwasproudofhisstrongdetermination.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答.Wesatdownnexttoeachother,butDavidwouldn’tlookatme.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.____________________________________________________________________________________________________試卷第8頁，共17頁__________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：1．C2．C3．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章提供了關(guān)于兒童博物館團體游的相關(guān)信息。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Scholarship標題下“Weofferscholarshipstolow-incomeschoolsandyouthorganizations,subjecttoavailability.Participationinapost-visitsurveyisrequired.(我們會視情況而定，為低收入學(xué)校和青年組織提供獎學(xué)金，并需要其參與訪問后調(diào)查問卷)”可知，如果一個團體獲得了獎學(xué)金，需要在參加一個訪后的調(diào)查問卷，與選項C“Takeasurveyafterthevisit.(接受參觀后的問卷調(diào)查)”屬于同義替換，故選C。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“GroupSize”標題下“Werequireonechaperone(監(jiān)護人)pertenchildren.(我們要求每十個孩子有一個監(jiān)護人)”可知，10個孩子需要1個監(jiān)護人，那么30個孩子則需要3個監(jiān)護人。故選C。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Guidelines”標題下“ChildrenarenotallowedunaccompaniedinallareasoftheMuseum.(無人陪伴的兒童不得進入博物館的所有區(qū)域)”可知，兒童必須在監(jiān)護人陪伴下才能進入博物館，即兒童不能單獨進入博物館進行探索。與選項D“Exploringtheplacealone.(獨自探索博物館)”屬于同義替換，故選D。4．B5．A6．D7．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者曾經(jīng)是一名記者，在春節(jié)期間，作者給孫子拿了一本兒童讀物，孫子卻以為是平板電腦，不停地戳?xí)?．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Wejournalistsliveinanewageofstorytelling,withmanynewmultimediatools.Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.Forthem,it’sjustnormal.”以及畫線詞后文“asIwassittingwithmy2-year-oldgrandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.”可知，作者是記者，生活在一個講故事的新時代，有許多新的多媒體工具。許多年輕人甚至沒有意識到它是新的。對他們來說，這很正常。而這在春節(jié)假期，作者和兩歲的孫子坐在沙發(fā)上，尤其清楚認識到了這一點。故畫線詞意思是“我很清楚”。故選B。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Hewasactuallyastrangertobooks.Hisfatherfrequentlyamusedtheboywithatabletcomputerwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulpicturesthatcomealivewhenyoupokethem.Hethoughtmystorybookwaslikethat.(事實上，他對書本并不熟悉。他的父親經(jīng)常用一臺裝有彩色圖片的平板電腦逗他開心，當你戳它們的時候，這些圖片就會變得栩栩如生。他認為我的故事書就是那樣的)”可知，那孩子戳故事書是因為他把它當成了平板電腦。故選A。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Well,Imaybeold,butI’mnothopelesslychallenged,digitallyspeaking.Ieditvideoandproduceaudio.Iusemobilepayment.I’veevenbuiltwebsites.(我可能老了，但從數(shù)字角度來說，我還沒有毫無希望的挑戰(zhàn)。我編輯視頻，制作音頻。我用移動支付。我甚至建立了網(wǎng)站)”可知，作者認為自己懂數(shù)碼技術(shù)。故選D。試卷第9頁，共17頁7．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“There’sonenotablegapinmynew-mediaexperience,however:I’vespentlittletimeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.(然而，在我的新媒體體驗中有一個明顯的差距：我很少在鏡頭前呆著，因為我的臉是為電臺而生的)”可知，作者作為記者他很少上電視。故選B。8．A9．B10．D11．B【導(dǎo)語】本文一篇說明文。為解決司機在開車時使用手機造成“分神”，引發(fā)交通事故的問題，紐約的一名立法者提出使用Textalyzer（短信監(jiān)控器）的技術(shù)來監(jiān)控司機在開車的時候是否使用了手機。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Overthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers,andpublicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.”（在過去的七年里，大多數(shù)州都禁止司機發(fā)短信，公共服務(wù)活動也嘗試了各種各樣的方法來說服人們在開車時放下手機。）以及第二段中“Yettheproblem,byjustaboutanymeasure,appearstobegettingworse.”（然而，無論以何種標準衡量，這個問題似乎都在惡化。）可知，大多數(shù)州使用了各種各樣的方法說服司機們在開車的時候放下手機，可是情況卻越來越糟糕。所以各種方法是無效的。A選項ineffective意為“無效的”，與此相符。故選A。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thetechnologycoulddeterminewhetheradriverhadjusttexted,emailedordoneanythingelsethatisnotallowedunderNewYork'shands-freedrivinglaws.”（這項技術(shù)可以確定司機是否發(fā)了短信、發(fā)了郵件，或者做了紐約免提駕駛法不允許的其他事情。）可知，Textalyzer能夠確定的是司機是否使用了手機發(fā)短信、郵件以及其他駕駛法不允許的行為。B選項意為“是否司機使用了手機。”與此相符，故選B。10．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)句中的“Weneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeople'sbehavior.”（我們需要一些能改變?nèi)藗冃袨榈臇|西，）可知，something是能夠改變?nèi)藗兊男袨榈氖虑?。根?jù)下文的“IftheTextalyzerbillbecomeslaw,hesaid,"peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthecellphone.”（他說，如果Textalyzer法案成為法律，“人們會更害怕拿起手機。）可知，人們的行為會改變的條件是當Textalyzer法案成為法律。受到法律的約束和懲罰，司機們才不會在開車的時候使用手機。故something指代的是法律。故選D。11．主旨大意題?？v觀全文，第一段和第二段闡述的是“雖然大多數(shù)州已經(jīng)嘗試了各種各樣的方法來說服人們在開車時放下手機?？墒菃栴}卻越來越嚴重”。第三段中“Thatispartlybecausepeoplearedrivingmore.”（部分原因是開車的人越來越多）可知，解釋了該行為產(chǎn)生的部分原因。第四段至第五段講述的是為了解決該問題是紐約立法者提出了一個新的想法即利用Textalyzer技術(shù)，來監(jiān)控司機在開車的時候是否使用了手機。最后一段講述的是：相關(guān)人士呼吁該項技術(shù)能夠成為真正的法案由此才能真正地改變?nèi)藗兊男袨?。故B選項TextingandDriving?WatchOutfortheTextalyzer（發(fā)短信還是在開車？防范短信監(jiān)控器。）適合文章的標題。故選B。12．D13．C14．A15．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是鍛煉對于心臟的好處。試卷第10頁，共17頁12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的““Thinkofarubberband.Inthebeginning,itisflexible,butputitinadrawerfor20yearsanditwillbecomedryandeasilybroken,”saysDr.BenLevine,aheartspecialistattheUniversityofTexas.That’swhathappenstotheheart.(“想想橡皮筋。一開始，它是靈活的，但把它放在抽屜里20年，它就會變得干燥，很容易破碎，”德克薩斯大學(xué)的心臟專家本·萊文博士說。這就是心臟的變化。)”可知，萊文想通過提到橡皮筋來解釋心臟的老化過程，故選D。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thefirstgroupparticipatedinaprogramofnonaerobicexercise—balancetrainingandweighttraining—threetimesaweek.Thesecondgroupdidhigh-intensityaerobicexerciseundertheguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.(第一組每周參加三次非有氧運動——平衡訓(xùn)練和重量訓(xùn)練。第二組在教練的指導(dǎo)下每周進行4天或更多的高強度有氧運動。)”可知，兩組在研究設(shè)計上的不同在于運動類型的不同，故選C。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thesecondgroupdidhigh-intensityaerobicexerciseundertheguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.Aftertwoyears,thesecondgroupsawremarkableimprovementsinhearthealth.(第二組在教練的指導(dǎo)下每周進行4天或更多的高強度有氧運動。兩年后，第二組的心臟健康狀況有了顯著改善。)”和第四段的““Wetookthese50-year-oldheartsandturnedtheclockbackto30-or35-year-oldhearts,”saysLevine.(萊文說:“我們把這些50歲的心臟的時鐘撥回30或35歲的心臟?！?”可知，萊文的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了通過有氧運動，中年人的心臟會變得更年輕，故選A。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Butthestudywassmallandneedstoberepeatedwithfarlargergroupsofpeopletodetermineexactlywhichaspectsofanexerciseroutinemakethebiggestdifference.(但這項研究的規(guī)模很小，需要在更大的人群中重復(fù)進行，以確定日常鍛煉的哪些方面會產(chǎn)生最大的影響。)”可知，妮卡·戈德堡博士建議進行進一步的研究。故選C。16．D17．B18．E19．F20．G【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是寫文章的技巧。16．空格處是本段的主題句，由空后的“Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.(當你第一次想寫一篇文章的時候，把筆放在紙上，不間斷地寫10到15分鐘，不要讓筆離開紙。)”可知，本段主要講的是要學(xué)會不間斷地寫，D選項“Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.(首先，學(xué)習(xí)不間斷寫作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要內(nèi)容，可作為主題句，故選D。17．空前說“Staylooseandfree.(保持寬松和自由。)”，空后說“Don’tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.(不要擔(dān)心語法和拼寫。)”，因此空格處應(yīng)說按心里想的寫，自由發(fā)揮，B選項“Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.(讓你的筆跟隨思想的波浪。)”說明了按自己的思路和想法來寫，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選B。18．空前說“Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.(下一個技巧是快速寫試卷第11頁，共17頁草稿，不要擔(dān)心是否完美。)”，空后說“Yet,bylearningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled(弄皺)paper.(然而，通過學(xué)習(xí)與不完美共存，你將避免自己的頭痛和一個裝滿皺巴巴的廢紙簍。)”，E選項“Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.(太多的作家試圖在第一次就把草稿寫好。)”中的“gettheirdrafts”和上文的“writeyourdraft”相呼應(yīng)，說明了有很多人想一次就寫好，這是不合理的，要學(xué)會允許不完美的存在，因此E選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選E。19．空前說“Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple—spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision.(第三種方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空間。)”，F(xiàn)選項“Manybeginningwritersdon’tleaveenoughspacetorevise.(許多初來乍到的作者沒有留出足夠的修改空間。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常見做法，且其中的“Manybeginningwriters”和后文的“thesewriters”相互呼應(yīng)，因此F選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選F。20．空前說“Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore,youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.(當你修改你的草稿，直到它太亂以至于無法繼續(xù)工作，你可以把你的修改輸入到你的文字處理器中。)”，空后說“Theresultingblankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.(由此產(chǎn)生的空白允許您修改。)”，因此空格處應(yīng)說輸入到文字處理器后應(yīng)該做什么，G選項“Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriple-space.(然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同樣將文本設(shè)置為三倍行距。)”說的是輸入到你的文字處理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“Theresultingblankspace”相呼應(yīng)，因此G選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選G。21．D22．C23．D24．C25．A26．D27．A28．D29．B30．B31．A32．C33．C34．A35．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了Jessica和丈夫通過當看房人來環(huán)球旅行的事情。在他們免費住在陌生人家里的過程中，他們會在房主不在的時候喂寵物、給植物澆水。這對夫婦被接受為看房人的成功率很高，他們總是超出房主的預(yù)期。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：與他們中的大多數(shù)人不同，這位25歲的年輕人全職從事這項工作。A.indoors室內(nèi)；B.online在線的；C.single-handed單手的；D.full-time全職的。根據(jù)后文“Sheandherhusbandhavespentthelasttwoyearstravelingtheworld,stoppingeverywherefromParistoSingapore.(在過去的兩年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，從巴黎到新加坡都在這里停留)”可知，這位25歲的年輕人全職從事這項工作。故選D。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這聽起來像是一個漫長而昂貴的假期，但這對夫婦有一種不同尋常的方式讓他們的旅行負擔(dān)得起。A.game游戲；B.service服務(wù)；C.vacation假期；D.procedure手續(xù)。結(jié)合上文可知Jessica在環(huán)球旅行，所以是假期。故選C。23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這聽起來像是一個漫長而昂貴的假期，但這對夫婦有一種不同尋常的方式讓他們試卷第12頁，共17頁的旅行負擔(dān)得起。A.safe安全的；B.busy忙碌的；C.helpful有幫助的；D.affordable買的起的。對應(yīng)上文“Itmightsoundlikeonelong,expensive”指聽起來昂貴，但這對夫婦有一種不同尋常的方式讓他們的旅行負擔(dān)得起。故選D。24．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們是共享經(jīng)濟新形式的一部分：在線看房者。A.local當?shù)氐模籅.private私人的；C.sharing分享；D.agricultural農(nóng)業(yè)的。根據(jù)后文“economy:anonlinegroupofhousesitters”以及提到他們免費住在陌生人家里，可見是共享經(jīng)濟，故選C。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在他們免費住在陌生人家里的過程中，他們會在房主不在的時候喂寵物、給植物澆水。A.strangers’陌生人的；B.parents’父母的；C.co-workers’同事的；D.neighbors’鄰居的。根據(jù)上文可知他們在環(huán)球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故選A。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在他們免費住在陌生人家里的過程中，他們會在房主不在的時候喂寵物、給植物澆水。A.favor幫助；B.defense防御；C.honor榮譽；D.absence缺席。根據(jù)上文“theyfeedpetsandwaterplantsinthehomeowner’s”指在房主不在的時候喂寵物、給植物澆水。故選D。27．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這兩位旅行者仔細地計劃他們的旅行，圍繞著有時很難取悅的寵物安排他們的日子。A.plan計劃；B.explain解釋；C.compare比較；D.complete完成。根據(jù)賓語“theirtrips”指計劃旅行，應(yīng)用plan。故選A。28．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這兩位旅行者仔細地計劃他們的旅行，圍繞著有時很難取悅的寵物安排他們的日子。A.buy購買；B.transport運輸；C.choose選擇；D.please取悅。根據(jù)上文“thepetsthataresometimesdifficultto”指某些寵物很難照管，故選D。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一種在酒店里找不到的舒適感。A.support支持；B.comfort舒適，安慰；C.control控制；D.attention注意力。結(jié)合后文提到像住在朋友家，可見照看房子也能提供一種在酒店里找不到的舒適感。故選B。30．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“這就像住在朋友家一樣，”Jessica說。A.cooking烹飪；B.staying停留；C.waiting等待；D.studying學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)后文“atafriend’shouse”指像呆在朋友家，應(yīng)用stayat。故選B。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對夫婦被接受為看房人的成功率很高，他們總是超出房主的預(yù)期。A.success成功；B.survival存活；C.growth生長；D.unemployment失業(yè)。根據(jù)后文“rateingettingacceptedashousesitters”可知此處指他們被接受為看房人的成功率，應(yīng)用success。故選A。32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對夫婦被接受為看房人的成功率很高，他們總是超出房主的預(yù)期。A.budget預(yù)算；B.abilities能力；C.expectations期待；D.understanding理解。上文提到這對夫婦被接受為看房人的成功率很高，是因為他們總是超出房主的預(yù)期，所以成功率才高。故選C。33．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：對杰西卡來說，這意味著發(fā)送大量快樂寵物的照片，保持房子的清潔，在去下一個房子之前留下一份漂亮的小禮物。A.admiring欽佩；B.donating捐贈；C.sending發(fā)送；D.borrowing借來。根據(jù)后文“plentyofpicturesofhappypets”指給房主發(fā)送寵物的照片。故選C。試卷第13頁，共17頁34．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對杰西卡來說，這意味著發(fā)送大量快樂寵物的照片，保持房子的清潔，在去下一個房子之前留下一份漂亮的小禮物。A.clean干凈的；B.open開放的；C.simple簡單的；D.empty空的。根據(jù)上文可知，他們的職責(zé)就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清潔。故選A。35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“你要讓房主覺得他們做了正確的決定，”她說。A.guess猜測；B.decision決定；C.response反應(yīng)；D.impression印象。是房主選擇了他們當看房人，所以是房主做了正確的決定，故選B。36．falling37．The38．a(chǎn)sleep39．tosee