高考英語閱讀理解五步法專項帶練(08)講義

一、說明文（7mins）①AcultureguidenamedPersephonewelestravelerstoGreeceandtakesthemthroughafamouscaveinthenorth.Theguidemovessmoothlyaroundtheundergroundareaandcantalkaboutitin33languages.②Persephoneisveryintelligent.Itisahumansizedrobot.TherobothasbeeninoperationattheAlistratiCave,135kilometersnortheastofthecityofThessaloniki.Persephoneguidesvisitorsthroughthefirst150metersofthecavethatisopentothepublic.Fortheremaining750meters,ahumanguidetakesover.Therobotcangiveitspartofthetourin33languages.Itcanalsoanswer33questions,butonlyintheGreeklanguage.③NikosKartalisisthescientificdirectorattheAlistratisite.Hehadtheideaofcreatingtherobotwhenhesawoneontelevisionguidingvisitorsatanartshow.PersephonewasbuiltbytheNationalTechnologyandResearchFoundationandcostabout118000euros.④Kartalissaidthecaveis3millionyearsoldandwasfirstexploredin1974.Itopenedtovisitorsin1998.Thiscaveisoneofthemostbeautiful，notonlyinGreecebutinEurope，aswell.⑤Persephone，withawhitebody，ablackhead，andtwobrighteyes，movesonwheels.Itguidesvisitorstothefirstthreeofeightstopsalongthewalkway.Itcandotwomorestops，butitistooslowforthetour.Persephone'screatorsareconsideringwaystoincreaseitsspeed.Therobotbeginsthetourbysaying，“MynameisPersamthedaughterofthegoddessDemeterandthewifeofHades，thegodoftheUnderworld.IweleyoutomyunderEarthkingdom，theAlistratiCave.”⑥Manyvisitorsareinterestedintherobotguide.PatrickMarkestraveledtoGreecefromtheCzechRepublic.“Itwassurprisingforme,"hesaid.“I'veneverexperiencedsuchathing.”Headdedheenjoyedtheslowerspeedoftherobotguide.“Itgoesslower，soIcanlookaround,”Markessaid.1WhatcanwelearnaboutPersephone?A.Itcananswervisitors?questionsin33languages.B.Itisawiserobotwithawhiteheadandablackbody.C.Itguidesvisitorswithinthe750metersofthecave.D.Itstartsthetourwithaninterestingselfintroduction?2.WhatwillcreatorsprobablydowithPersephonenext?A.Reduceitscost.B.Increaseitsworkload.C.Improveitsspeed.D.Enrichitslanguages.3.HowdoesMarkesfeeltravelingwithPersephoneasaguide?A.Enjoyable.B.Nervous.C.Impatient.D.Sensitive.4.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthecavefromthetext?’slyinginthesouthofGreece.B.Itattractsmanyvisitorsbecauseoftherobotguide.C.It'sbeenequippedwiththerobotD.Itwasopenin1974withahistoryof3millionyears【五步法解析】串聯(lián)題干1WhatcanwelearnaboutPersephone?2.WhatwillcreatorsprobablydowithPersephonenext?3.HowdoesMarkesfeeltravelingwithPersephoneasaguide?4.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthecavefromthetext?4.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthecavefromthetext?’slyinginthesouthofGreece.（現(xiàn)在進行時）B.Itattractsmanyvisitorsbecauseoftherobotguide.（一般現(xiàn)在時）'sbeenequippedwiththerobot（現(xiàn)在完成時）D.Itwasopenin1974withahistoryof3millionyears（一般過去式）我想問問大家如果描述山洞，需要用什么時態(tài)？記?。∩蕉词谴笞匀坏囊徊糠?，屬于客觀描述，用一般現(xiàn)在時3.HowdoesMarkesfeeltravelingwithPersephoneasaguide?A.Enjoyable.（享受的，正向）B.Nervous.（緊張的，負向）C.Impatient.（沒耐心的，負向）D.Sensitive.（敏感的，負向）四個選項有什么不同？A選項當選1WhatcanwelearnaboutPersephone?A.Itcananswervisitors’questionsin33languages.B.Itisawiserobotwithawhiteheadandablackbody.C.Itguidesvisitorswithinthe750metersofthecave.D.Itstartsthetourwithaninterestingselfintroduction我想問問大家enjoyable是在四個選項中藍色詞的其中哪一個的同義替換？很明顯嘛，interesting=enjoyable,都是在描述人的主觀感受2.WhatwillcreatorsprobablydowithPersephonenext?A.Reduceitscost.B.Increaseitsworkload.C.Improveitsspeed.D.Enrichitslanguages.這道題的選項太短了，需要回文定位根據(jù)段首句進行定位到文章的第五段⑤Persephone，withawhitebody，ablackhead，andtwobrighteyes，movesonwheels.Itguidesvisitorstothefirstthreeofeightstopsalongthewalkway.Itcandotwomorestops，butitistooslowforthetour.Persephone'screatorsareconsideringwaystoincreaseitsspeed.Therobotbeginsthetourbysaying，“MynameisPersamthedaughterofthegoddessDemeterandthewifeofHades，thegodoftheUnderworld.IweleyoutomyunderEarthkingdom，theAlistratiCave.”二、說明文（7mins）①Whenkidssitdowntoeatlunchatschool,fruitandvegetablesmaynotbetheirfirstchoice.Butwithmoretimeatthelunchtable,theyaremorelikelytopickupthosehealthyfoods.Ifwenutritionandhealth,insuringlongerschoollunchbreakscanhelpachievethosegoals,accordingtotheresearchfromtheUniversityofIllinois.②“Tenminutesofseatedlunchtimeorlessisquitemon.Scheduledlunchtimemaybelonger,butstudentshavetowaitinlinetogettheirfood.Thismeanstheamountoftimechildrenactuallyhavetoeattheirmealsismuchlessthanthescheduledtime，”saysMelissaPflughPrescott,assistantprofessorintheDepartmentofFoodScienceandHumanNutrition.“Duringshorterlunchperiods,childrenatethefruitandvegetablepartsoftheirmealless,whiletherewasnosignificantdifferenceintheamountofbeveragesor;entreestheyconsumed.Itmakessensethatyoumighteatthepartofthemealyoulookforwardtofirst，andifthere’senoughtime:leftyoumightgotowardtheotherparts.But:ifthere’snotenoughtime,thoseitemssuffer,andtheytendtobefruitandvegetables,Prescottexplains.③Ourfindingssupportpoliciesthatrequireatleast20minutesofseatedlunchtimeatschool，shestates.Schoollunchtimepolicies'canbedecidedatthedistrictlevel,withsomeiroomforindividualschoolstosettheirownstandards；forexample,schoolscaninstitutealongerlunchtimethanthedistrictmandates:（授權(quán)）.④Prescottnotesthatlongerlunchtimecanalsohavebeneficialeffectsforchildrenbeyondhealthyeating.“Theamountofseatedtimechildrenhaveisalsoareallyvaluabletimefor;havelimitedopportunitiestodosothroughouttheschoolday.Wefoundsignificantlyfewersocialinteractionsduringthe10minutelunchtime?Thatindicatesotherpositiveoutesmayefromlongerlunchbreaksaswell,”sheconcludes?1.WhydostudentseatfruitandvegetableslessatschoolaccordingtoPrescott?A.Theyareunwillingtowaitinline.B.Thereisnotenoughtimeforthem.C.They^renotusedtoabalanceddiet.D.Thereistoomuchstudypressureforthem.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"institute"inparagraph3probablymean?A.Setup. B.Putoff.C.Handin. D.Lookinto.3Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Keyreasonsforalongerlunchtime.B.Theimportanceofahealthydiet.C.Otherbenefitsofalongerlunchtime.D.Thedetailedtimeofalunchtime.4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.EatingLunchatSchoolMakesChildrenHealthierB.LongerSchoolLunchTimeCanInsureStudentsLearnBetterC.KidsatSchoolSpendMuchTimeWaitinginLineforLunchD.LongerLunchTimeHelpsKidsEatMoreFruitandVegetables【五步法】串聯(lián)題干WhydostudentseatfruitandvegetableslessatschoolaccordingtoPrescott?Whatdoestheunderlinedword"institute"inparagraph3probablymean?Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.EatingLunchatSchoolMakesChildrenHealthier（只是說吃得健康，詳細沒提及，過于寬泛）排除B.LongerSchoolLunchTimeCanInsureStudentsLearnBetter（學習問題，不合乎主題）排除C.KidsatSchoolSpendMuchTimeWaitinginLineforLunch（排隊問題，不合乎主題）排除D.LongerLunchTimeHelpsKidsEatMoreFruitandVegetables（合乎主題）當選3Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?reasonsforalongerlunchtime.B.Theimportanceofahealthydiet.benefitsofalongerlunchtime.D.Thedetailedtimeofalunchtime.很明顯，對得上主題詞只有兩個選項A和CLongerLunchTimeHelpsKidsEatMoreFruitandVegetables這個選項是說longerlunchtime的益處還是解釋它的原因，很明顯，是它的益處！1.WhydostudentseatfruitandvegetableslessatschoolaccordingtoPrescott?A.Theyareunwillingtowaitinline.B.Thereisnotenoughtimeforthem.C.They^renotusedtoabalanceddiet.D.Thereistoomuchstudypressureforthem.正確答案是什么？這么明顯我都不想說，但是我作為老師，還是說下，B項當選。為啥，主題！主題！主題！重要的事情說三遍2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"institute"inparagraph3probablymean?A.Setup（設(shè)置）. B.Putoff.（推遲）C.Handin.（上交） D.Lookinto.（調(diào)查）這道題選項太短了，需要回文定位③Ourfindingssupportpoliciesthatrequireatleast20minutesofseatedlunchtimeatschool，shestates.Schoollunchtimepolicies'canbedecidedatthedistrictlevel,withsomeiroomforindividualschoolstosettheirownstandards；forexample,schoolscaninstitutealongerlunchtimethanthedistrictmandates:（授權(quán)）.套進去句子里面，你們說正確選項應(yīng)該是哪一個？？當然是setup(第二段倒數(shù)第二句)Itmakessensethatyoumighteatthepartofthemealyoulookforwardtofirst，andifthere'senoughtimeleftyoumightgotowardtheotherparts.你可能會先吃你很期待的那部分食物,如果時間足夠,你可能會再吃另外的部分,這是合乎情理的。本句是主從復合句。It作形式主語,真正的主語是that引導的主語從句;youlookforwardto...是省略了關(guān)系代詞that或which的定語從句,修飾先行詞thepartofthemeal;if引導條件狀語從句。說明文（用時7mins）①Rainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals.Canyoubelievethatasinglebush（灌木叢）intheAmazonmayhavemorespeciesofantsthanthewholeofBritain!About480varietiesoftreesmaybefoundinjustonehectareofrainforest.②Rainforestsarethelungsoftheplanetstoringvastquantitiesofcarbondioxideandproducingasignificantamountoftheworld'soxygen.Rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystemforensuringtheirownsurvival;thetalltreesmakeacanopy（樹冠層）ofbranchesandleaveswhichprotectthemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.③Amazingly,thetreesgrowinsuchawaythattheirleavesandbranches,althoughclosetogether,neveractuallytouchthoseofanothertree.Scientiststhinkthisistheplants'waytopreventthespreadofanytreediseasesandmakelifemoredifficultforleafeatinginsectslikecaterpillars.Tosurviveintheforest,animalsmustclimb,jumporflyacrossthegaps.Thegroundflooroftheforestisnotalltangledleavesandbushes,likeinfilms,butisactuallyfairlyclear.Itiswheredeadleavesturnintofoodforthetreesandotherforestlife.④Theyarenotcalledrainforestsfornothing!Rainforestscangenerate75%oftheirownrain.Atleast80inchesofrainayearisnormalandinsomeareastheremaybeasmuchas430inchesofrainannually.Thisisrealrainyourumbrellamayprotectyouinashower,butitwon'tkeepyoudryifthereisafullrainstorm.Injusttwohours,streamscanrisetentotwentyfeet.Thehumidity（濕氣）oflargerainforestscontributestotheformationofraincloudsthatmaytraveltoothercountriesinneedofrain.1.Whatcanwelearnaboutrainforestsfromthefirstparagraph?Theyproduceoxygen.B.Theycoveravastarea.C.Theyarewellmanaged.D.Theyarerichinwildlife.2.Whichofthefollowingcontributesmosttothesurvivalofrainforests?HeavyrainsB.Bigtrees.C.Smallplants.D.Forestanimals.3.Whydotheleavesandbranchesofdifferenttreesavoidtouchingeachother?A.Formoresunlight.B.Formoregrowingspace.C.Forselfprotection.D.Forthedetectionofinsects.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LifeGivingRainforestsB.TheLawoftheJungleC.AnimalsintheAmazonD.WeatherinRainforestsWhatcanwelearnaboutrainforestsfromthefirstparagraph?Whichofthefollowingcontributesmosttothesurvivalofrainforests?Whydotheleavesandbranchesofdifferenttreesavoidtouchingeachother?4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LifeGivingRainforestsB.TheLawoftheJungleC.AnimalsintheAmazonD.WeatherinRainforests以上哪個選項與thesurvivalofrainforests匹配？很明顯，A選項1.Whatcanwelearnaboutrainforestsfromthefirstparagraph?A.Theyp