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CCPI
2023ClimateChange
<1一\PerformanceIndex
RESULTS
JanBurck
TheaUhlichMonitoringClimateMitigationEfforts
ChristophBalsof59CountriesplustheEU-covering92%
NiklasHohne
LeonardoNascimentooftheGlobalGreenhouseGasEmissions
0
NEW
GERMANWATCHCLI/AATE
INSTITUTE
^^CCPI
CCPI?Results2023Germanwatch,NewClimateInstitute&ClimateActionNetwork
Imprint
Germanwatch-BonnOfficeAuthors:
Kaiserstr.201JanBurck,TheaUhlich,ChristophBals,
D-53113Bonn,GermanyNiklasHohne,LeonardoNascimento,
Ph.:+49(0)22860492-0MonicaTavares,ElisabethStrietzel
Fax:+49(0)22860492-19
Withsupportof:
Germanwatch-BerlinOfficePietervanBreevoort,BjorkLucas,
Stresemannstr.72LottaHambrecht,AnaTamblyn
D-10963Berlin,GermanyTheauthorswouldalsoliketothankNicklasForsell(NASA)
Ph.:+49(0)305771328-0forhisgreatsupportregardingtheLULUCFemissions.
Fax:+49(0)305771328-11
Editing:
E-mail:ccpi@AdamGoulston,TobiasRinn
Maps:
冷Madeby23°
GERMANWATCHDesign:
DietmarPutscher
Coverphoto:Unsplash/AnnieSpratt
NewClimateInstitute-CologneOffice
Waidmarkt11aNovember2022
D-50676Cologne,GermanyYoucanfindthispublicationaswell
Ph.:+49(0)22199983300asinteractivemapsandtablesat
NewClimateInstitute-BerlinOffice
SchonhauserAllee10-11
D-10119Berlin,Germany
Ph.:+49(0)030208492742
NEW
CLI/AATE
INSTITUTE
CAN
ClimateActionNetworkInternationalContents
Kaiserstr.201
D-53113Bonn,GermanyForeword3
1.StateoftheClimate:Tryingtobeattheclock4
2.OverallResultsCCPI20236
CX*AANkI
CtlMATtACTIONHtTWOtK2.1CategoryResults-GHGEmissions8
2.2CategoryResults-RenewableEnergy10
2.3CategoryResults-EnergyUse12
2.4CategoryResults-ClimatePolicy14
3.KeyCountryResults16
4.AbouttheCCPI26
5.Endnotes28
Annex29
WithfinancialsupportfromBarthel
theBarthelFoundationStiftunq
2
^^CCPI
CCPI?Results2023Germanwatch,NewClimateInstitute&ClimateActionNetwork
Foreword
Informingtheprocessofraisingclimateambition
Publishedannuallysince2005,theClimateChangePerfor-Inthiscontext,theCCPIhasgainedfurtherrelevanceasa
manceIndex(CCPI)isanindependentmonitoringtoolforlong-standingandreliabletooltoidentifyleadersandlag-
trackingtheclimateprotectionperformanceof59coun-gardsinclimateprotection.
triesandtheEU.Everyyear,theCCPIsetsoffimportant
publicandpoliticaldebateswithinthecountriesassessed.TheimpactoftheCCPIasaclimateprotectionmonitor-
TheCCPIaimstoenhancetransparencyininternationalingandcommunicationtoolalsodependsonwhetherand
climatepoliticsandenablescomparisonofclimateprotec-howtheindexisusedbydifferentactors.Wearegladto
tioneffortsandprogressmadebyindividualcountries.TheseethattheCCPIisincreasinglyusedbyfinancialactors
climateprotectionperformanceofthosecountries,whichtoratesovereignbonds.Giventhekeyroleofthefinancial
togetheraccountfor92%ofglobalgreenhousegas(GHG)marketindeterminingwhetherinvestmentsaremadein
emissions,isassessedinfourcategories:GHGEmissions,high-emissionorlow-emissioninfrastructuresandtech-
RenewableEnergy,EnergyUseandClimatePolicy.nologydevelopmentsforshiftingthetrillions.Therefore,
theCCPIisanimportanttooltopromotethereallocation
Thecountries*commitmentsundertheParisAgreementofinvestmentsbyprovidingcrucialinformationonclimate
arestillinsufficient:tolimitglobalwarmingtoamaximumofchangeforEnvironmental,SocialandGovernance(ESG)
1.5℃amoreambitiousclimateactionisurgentlyneeded.ratingsforfinanceactors.
JanBurckTheaUhlichChristophBals
(Germanwatch)(Germanwatch)(Germanwatch)
NiklasHbhneLeonardoNascimentoTasneemEssop
(NewClimateInstitute)(NewClimateInstitute)(ClimateActionNetwork
International)
Authorsandacknowledgements
TheIndexispublishedbyGermanwatch,NewClimatethroughthecontinuedsupportandcontributionsofaround
InstituteandtheClimateActionNetwork.TheCCPKsunique450climateandenergyexperts.Weexpressourgratitude
climatepolicysection,evaluatingcountries'nationalandtotheseexpertsandgreatlyappreciatetheirtime,efforts,
internationalclimatepolicyperformance,isonlypossibleandknowledgeincontributingtothispublication.*
AfulllistofcontributorstotheclimatepolicyevaluationcanbefoundintheAnnexofthispublication.
3
CCPI?Results2023CCPIGermanwatch,NewClimateInstitute&ClimateActionNetwork
1.StateoftheClimate:Tryingtobeattheclock
Russia'sinvasionofUkraineillustratesthatmostcountriesFossilfuelproduction:Theelephantin
stillheavilydependonfossilfuels.Thisdependencyaf-theroom
fectscountries1abilitytofunctionandtoprovideessential
servicesfortheirpopulations.Fossilfuelsaccountforover75%ofallanthropogenic
greenhousegas(GHG)emissions.3Therefore,curbingfos-
TheCOVID-19recoveryhaslargelybeenamissedop-
silfuelextractionandproductionisavitalpartofthesolu-
portunityforclimateprogress,andweareagainata
tion.Countriesextractingandprofitingfromsellingfossil
crossroads.Wecanusethisexternalshocktoimprove
fuelstoothersshouldbesubjecttoincreasedscrutiny.
howweheat,move,andlivesustainably,orwecancon-
tinuesupportingourcurrentanddangerousfossilsystem.Ratherthandecreasingfossilfuelproduction,govern-
Thissustainabletransformation^importanceandurgencymentsareplanningto,by2030,producetwicetheamount
haveneverbeenclearer-notonlytosaveourclimatebutoffossilfuelsgloballythanwhatisconsistentwithlimiting
forourfuturesocietyandpeace.globalwarmingto1.5℃.4Theninelargestcoal-procuring
countries5accountfor90%ofglobalcoalproduction.6
Expansionofrenewablesandenergysavingsarethe
WhilecountriessuchasFrance,CostaRica,andDenmark
backbonesofdecarbonisation.1In2022,renewableen-
haveintroducedorscheduledmoratoriumsonfossilfuel
ergy(RE)supplygrewsignificantlybecauseoffalling
exports,otherssuchasMexicoandSaudiArabiaplanto
costs.TheWorldEnergyInvestmentReport2022shows
increasetheirexportingcapacity.7Insteadoffocusingits
REcomprisingthemajorityofenergysectorinvestments.
investmentsonRE,theG20nationshaveaddednearly
Investmentsinfossilfuels,meanwhile,didnotreboundto
USD300billiontowardsfossilfuelactivitiessincethe
pre-pandemiclevels.2
COVID-19pandemicbegan.8Theseinvestmentsareat
Thesepositivedevelopmentsandtrendscouldtriggeranriskofbecomingstrandedassetsandlockinginadditional
upwardspiralsupportingasustainableandjusttransi-fossilfueluse.
tion.Yetthereisapersistentandcriticalneedtouseall
TheCCPIhasdecidedtoflagthe17countriesresponsible
availableopportunitiesandtohaltallsupportforfossil
foralargeshareoffossilfuelproduction.Thesecountries
fuels.Recentdevelopmentsshowthatfossilinfrastructure
belongtothetop20oilandgasproducers,topnineglobal
isgrowinginresponsetotheenergycrisis.Countries
coalproducers,and/orplantoincreaseannualproduc-
mustphaseoutfossilfuelsubsidiesandredirecttheir
tionoffossilfuelsby2030.TokeeptheParisAgreement
investmentstoavoidunderminingeffortstoincreasethe
promisesinreach,nonewpermitsforfossilfuelextraction
low-carbonenergysupply.Energydemandreductionin
shouldbehandedout,andnonewfossilfuelinfrastruc-
developedcountriesandenergyefficiencyimprovements
tureswitchedon.Countriesmuststopinvestinginfossil
indevelopingcountriesarealsoimperativeforsupporting
fuelsandtheymustexpandtheirinvestmentsinRE.
theenergytransition.
Ashiploadedwithrotorbladesforwindturbines.Theexpansionofrenewablesisanimportantpillarofdecarbonisation.
4
CCPI?Results2023CCPIGermanwatch,NewClimateInstitute&ClimateActionNetwork
Alongroadtogo,butwithlittletime?Thegrowthofrenewableshasincreasedsteadily
since2000whichisagoodsign.Yetsimultaneously,
In2021,thecountriesweassessedintheCCPIaccounted
theenergysupplyisalsorising,whichleadstoacur-
for92%ofallGHGemissions.Thegraphbelowshows
rentshareofbarely17%ofREintheenergysupply.
thedevelopmentofsomeofthekeyeconomicindicators.
Somenotablefindingsare:?Fromallindicatorsshowninthegraph,GHGperGDPis
theonlyonecontinuouslyfalling.Thismeansasteady
?Since2000,GHGemissionsgrewgloballybyover
relativedecouplingofenergysupplyfromGDP.Ade-
40%.Afteradropin2020duetothepandemic,2021carbonisationtrendwouldbevisibleonlyifthecarbon
sawarebound.
intensityoftheenergysupplyalsodecreased-itcur-
?GHGpercapitashowsrelativelyevendevelopmentrentlyisflat.
overthelast20years.Thisisbecause,togetherwith
Tokeep1.5℃withinreachandpreventdangerousclimate
emissions,populationalsogrew.Countriessuchasthe
change,countriesmusthalvetheiremissionsby2030.
US(16.6tpercapita)andCanada(17.9tpercapita)
Onlyifweusesignificantlylessenergyandmorerenew-
areamongthecountrieswiththehighestpercapita
ablesourcesisthistargetreachable.
emissions,whereasIndia(2.2tpercapita)andthe
Philippines(2.3tpercapita)aresubstantiallylower.
Globaldevelopmentofkeyindicators
Sources:PRIMAP,IEA&Worldbank?Germanwatch2022
|GHG■GHG/capita|RE■TPES■RE/TPES■GHG/GDP■GHG/TPES
GHG=GreenhouseGasEmissions
RE=RenewableEnergy
TPES=TotalPrimaryEnergySupply
GDP=GrossDomesticProduct
5
CCPI?Results2023CCPIGermanwatch,NewClimateInstitute&ClimateActionNetwork
2.OverallResultsCCPI2023
Top3remainvacantascountriesneed
tospeedupimplementation
Keyresults:
Theworldmapshowstheaggregatedresultsandoverall
performanceforthecountriestheCCPIevaluated.The
tableshowstheoverallrankingandindicatescountries*
performanceinthefourindexcategories.
“Nocountrywasstrongenoughinallindexcategories
toachieveanoverallveryhighrating.Therefore,once
again,thetopthreeplacesremainempty.EUperformance:
?Denmarkisagainthetop-rankedcountry,asinthepre-"Overall,theEUrisesthreespotsfromthepreviousyear,
viousyear'sCCPI,butitdoesnotperformwellenoughto19th,andjustbarelymisseshighclassification.
toachieveanoverallveryhighrating.
“NineEUcountriesareamongthehighandmedium
performers,withDenmark(4th)andSweden(5th)lead-
G20performance:
ingtheoverallCCPIranking.
唾WithIndia(8th),theUnitedKingdom(11th),andGermany
?SpainimprovesitsperformanceinallfourCCPIcatego-
(16th),onlythreeG20countriesareamongthehigh
ries,vaultingit11spotsto23rd,thoughstillperforming
performersinCCPI2023.TwelveG20countriesreceive
atamediumlevel.France,incontrast,drops11ranksto
anoverall/oworverylow.TheG20hasaparticular
28th,mainlyduetoitspoorerplacementintheClimate
responsibilityinclimatemitigation,asitsmembersemit
Policycategorycomparedwiththepreviousyear.
morethan75%oftheworld'sgreenhousegasemis-
sions.?€?Hungary(53rd)andPoland(54th)aretheremainingEU
“Canada,Russia,SouthKorea,andSaudiArabiaarethecountriesreceivingaverylowrating.
G20*sworst-performingcountries.
Thefollowingsectionslookintotheresultsfortheindex
categories:GHGEmissions(2.1),RenewableEnergy(2.2),
EnergyUse(2.3),andClimatePolicy(2.4).
6
CCPI?Results2023CCPIGermanwatch,NewClimateInstitute&ClimateActionNetwork
ClimateChangePerformanceIndex2023-Ratingtable
RankRankCountryScore**Categories
change
!?
2.
3.
0-Denmark79.61
5.0-Sweden73.28
6.3▲Chile69.54
7.1▲Morocco67.44
8.2▲India*67.35
9.23▲Estonia65.14
10.-4▼Norway/64.47
11.-4TUnitedKingdom*63.07
12.11▲Philippines62.75
13.6▲Netherlands62.24
14.2▲Portugal61.55
15.-1▼Finland61.24
16.-3▼GermanyA61.11
17.1▲Luxembourg60.76
18.-6VMalta60.42
19.3AEuropeanUnion(27)59.96
20.1▲Egypt59.37
21.-10▼Lithuania59.21
22.-7▼Switzerland58.61
23.11▲Spain58.59
24.0-Greece57.52
25.1▲Latvia56.81
26.1▲Indonesia054.59
27.-2▼Colombia54.50
28.-11▼France52.97
29.1▲Italy52.90
30.-1▼Croatia52.04
31.-3▼Mexico.51.77
32.5AAustria51.56
33.2▲NewZealand50.55
34.6▲SlovakRepublic50.12
35.7▲Cyprus49.39
36.8▲Bulgaria49.15Rating
37.9▲Ireland48.47.VeryHigh
38.-5VBrazilA48.39
39.10▲Belgium48.38|High
40.3▲Vietnam48.31
Medium
41.9▲Slovenia48.16
|Low
42.-11▼Thailand47.23
43.-7▼Romania47.09■VeryLow
44.-5VSouthAfrica645.69
45.6▲CzechRepublic44.16
46.2▲Belarus43.69
47.-6▼Turkey43.32IndexCategories
48.6▲Algeria42.26.GHGEmissions
49.-2▼Argentina41.19■(40%weighting)
50.-5▼Japan40.85.RenewableEnergy
51.-13▼ChinaA38.80■(20%weighting)
52.3▲UnitedStates838.53.EnergyUse
53.0-Hungary38.51■(20%weighting)
54.-2▼Poland637.94■ClimatePolicy
55.4▲Australia636.26■(20%weighting)
56.1▲Malaysia33.51
57.1▲ChineseTaipei28.35
58.3ACanada.26.47▲Thelabelledcountries
59.-3▼RussianFederationA25.28。arethebiggestpro-
ducersofoil,gas,and
60.0-Korea24.91
coalworldwide.
61.3AKazakhstan?24.61
62.1▲SaudiArabia*22.41
63.-1▼IslamicRepublicofIranA18.77
Noneofthecountriesachievedpositionsonetothree.Nocountryisdoingenoughtopreventdangerousclimatechange.?Germanwatch2022
*rounded
7
CCPI?Results2023CCPIGermanwatch,NewClimateInstitute&ClimateActionNetwork
需2.1CategoryResults-GHG*Emissions
CCPIcountriesmusthalvetheiremis-
sionsby2030topreventdangerous
climatechange
Keydevelopments:
Afterthesharp5.2%dropinCO2emissionsin2020,dueto
theCOVID-19pandemic,energy-relatedCO2emissionsin
2021rebounded,increasingby6%andreachingarecord
high.9TheCCPIresultsreflectthis.
ThecurrentIPCCreportindicatesglobalemissionsmustbe
halvedby2030(comparedwith2020levels)tokeepglobalG20performance:
warmingwithinthe1.5℃reach.10“OnlythreeG20countries-theUnitedKingdom,India,
Astrongreboundeffectwasexpected,butnowthecoun-andGermany-receiveanoverallhighrating.
triesneedtointensifytheirefforts.Collectively,thecoun-EightG20countriesareamongtheverylowperformers,
triestheCCPIcoveredareresponsibleformorethan92%includingChina,SouthKorea,Canada,andtheUnited
ofallGHGemissions.States.MostG20countriesshowworseperformance
thaninthepreviousyear.
Keyresults:
Asinthepreviousyears,SaudiArabiaremainsthe
Thetableontherightdetailstheperformanceofallcoun-
worst-performingG20country.
triesincludedintheCCPIinthefourindicatorscomprising
theGHGEmissionscategory.EUperformance:
“ChileandSwedenareatthetop,receivingaveryhigh>>Asinpreviousyears,theEUratesmediumforitsoverall
ratinginthiscategory.performance,butthisyearitdropsonerankto24.
“Thebest-performingEUcountryisSwedenat3rd,
thoughDenmark,Estonia,Finland,Malta,andGermany
ratehighinthiscategory.
“IrelandandPolandaretheonly
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