必修⑤ Unit 2 課下主題訓練 自然環(huán)境、自然遺產保護

PAGE第8頁共12頁必修⑤Unit2課下主題訓練自然環(huán)境、自然遺產保護課時作業(yè)(一)一、主題語基拓展練(一)主題詞匯盤查(已會詞匯，在□內打“√”；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識記)①recycle□ ②illegally□③measure□ ④consume□⑤production□ ⑥greedy□⑦conflict□ ⑧flood□⑨appreciate□ eq\o(○,\s\up1(10))administration□?duty□ ?crop□?protection□ ?vehicle□?carbon□ ?use□?decrease□ ?climate□?fuel□ ?electrical□(二)主題詞匯訓練Ⅰ.選詞填空(有兩詞多余)greedy,climate,crop,fuel,electrical,carbon,administration,vehicle,flood,consume1．Naturaldisasters,suchasfloods,_volcaniceruptions,earthquakesandtsunamis,canhappenatanytime.2．Theplantsincludingthecropswerecoveredwithathicklayerofdust,lookingratherunhealthy.3．TheclimateofBeijingisbetterthanthatofLondon,whichisfineforlong.4．Notonlycanyouwitnessrobotsthatdohousework,butyoucanalsoexperienceself-drivingvehicles.5．Itseemsthatwehumanbeingsaretoogreedy—wearegettingtoomuchfromthenature.6．Treescancleantheair,whichabsorbcarbondioxideandgiveoutoxygen,andmakeourEarthmorebeautiful.7．Theuseofpublictransportationalsomeanslesswastegasisconsumedeachyear.8．Wheneverweleaveclassroomsorourhomes,makesurethatthelightsandsomeelectricalequipmenthavebeenturnedoff.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Allofusheldthesameviewthatenvironmental(environment)protectionissoimportantforourlife.2．We'reriskingourpersonalinformationbeingillegally(illegal)collectedandabused.3．WelcometoHuanggangandIwouldappreciateitifyoucouldpayavisittomyhometown.4．Ifyouworkwellwithothersandhaveastrongsenseofresponsibility(responsible),youarewelcometojoinus.5．Iwillputemptycans,bottlesandwastepaperintodustbininorderthattheycanbe_recycled(recycle)．6．Teacherswilltakeactivemeasures(measure)tohelpthemgetoutofthetrouble.7．What'sworse,theproduction(produce)oftheharmfulchemicalspollutesourenvironment.Ⅲ.用本單元詞匯替換/升級句中藍色詞匯1．Nowadays,ourgovernmentispayingmoreattentiontotheprotectionofwildanimals.conservation2．ItisourdutytoprotecttheEarth,whichistheonlyhomeofourhumans.responsibility3．Someusefulgarbagecanbeusedagain,whiletheharmfulthingsshouldbeputinasafeplace.recycled二、主題語篇押題練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021年1月新高考8省聯(lián)考卷)Inmyeverydaylife,Iamonanongoingjourneytofigureoutdifferentwaystoreducemycarbonfootprintontheplanet.Acarbonfootprintisthemeasureofinfluenceouractivitieshaveontheenvironment,inparticularclimatechange.Itiscalculatedbytheamountofgreenhousegasweproduceinourdailylives.Fortunately,nowadaysitismucheasiertomakeeco-friendlylifestylechoicesthan,let'ssay,20yearsago.Butonequestionhasbeenonmymindalotlately:isitbettertobuyneweco-friendlyproductsorusedtraditionallyproducedgoods?Afterdoingsomeresearch,Ihavedecidedthatsomethingsarebetternewandothersarebetterused.Letmetrytoexplain.Acarbonfootprintismadeupoftwoparts,theprimaryfootprintandthesecondaryfootprint.Theprimaryfootprintisameasureofourdirectemissions(排放)ofcarbondioxide(CO2)fromtheburningoffuels,includinghouseholdenergyconsumptionandtransportation.ThesecondaryfootprintisameasureoftheindirectCO2emissionsfromthewholelifecycleofproductsweuse—thoserelatedtotheirproductionandbreakdown.Basedonthisunderstanding,wehaveagooddealofcontrolandresponsibilityoverourcarbonfootprint.Thingslikedishes,clothesandfurniturefallintothe“secondaryfootprint”group,solessismoreandwecanfocusonfindingusedgoodstoavoidtheaddedproduction.However,forthecarandtheotherappliances(設備)thatweneedwecangowithnew,energy-savingmodels.Iheardsomewherethatelectronicsandappliancesgiveoff90%oftheircarbonfootprintaftertheyleavethefactory.Soitseemsmostreasonabletogofortheenergy-savingmodels.Themainconcernhereistheamountofenergythatgoesintothemakingofnewproductsandwhetherornotthatextracarbonisworththe_footprinttheproductwillmakeonceitgetstoyou.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了作者一直致力于踐行環(huán)保生活方式、尋找減少碳足跡的方法。對于近來一直困惑他的一個難題：是買新的環(huán)保產品還是繼續(xù)使用舊的傳統(tǒng)產品？作者通過研究和舉例詳細指出了不同的物品要有不同的對待方法。1．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Whatappliancestobuytosaveenergy.B．Whatacarbonfootprintmeansinourlife.C．Howtoidentifydifferentcarbonfootprints.D．Howtomakeeco-friendlylifestylechoices.解析：選D主旨大意題。文章第一段提到了作者尋求環(huán)保的生活方式來減少碳足跡，由此引出碳足跡的概念。第二段中又提到作者在做了一些研究之后得出結論——不同的物品要區(qū)別對待。接下來的段落分別舉例哪些產品適合用最新的節(jié)約版本，那些適合沿用老產品，故本文主要講述了如何選擇環(huán)保的生活方式，故選D。2．Whatdoweknowaboutthesecondarycarbonfootprint?A．Itisrelatedtoourconsumptionoffuels.B．Itismadewhenwearebuyingtheproducts.C．Itislessharmfulthantheprimarycarbonfootprint.D．Itiscountedasoursthoughnotdirectlymadebyus.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，第二碳足跡是對于我們所使用產品的整個生命周期(包括產品的生產和分解)的間接二氧化碳排放量的度量，由此可知，第二碳足跡雖然不是由我們直接造成的，但也算作我們的碳足跡的一部分。故選D。3．Whichofthefollowinghelpsreduceourcarbonfootprintaccordingtotheauthor?A．Usingsecond-handtextbooks.B．Usingoldandexpensivecars.C．Buyingnewbutcheapclothes.D．Buyingnewwoodenfurniture.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Thingslikedishes,clothesandfurniturefallintothe‘secondaryfootprint’group,solessismoreandwecanfocusonfindingusedgoodstoavoidtheaddedproduction.”可知，像盤子、衣服和家具之類的東西屬于“第二碳足跡”，這一類的東西越少越好，所以可以集中精力尋找二手貨，以避免增加生產從而降低我們的碳足跡，故排除C、D選項；再根據(jù)“However,forthecarandtheotherappliances(設備)thatweneedwecangowithnew,energy-savingmodels.”可知，車輛還是用新的節(jié)能款比較好，可以降低我們的碳足跡，故排除B選項。故選A。4．“Thefootprint”underlinedinthelastsentencereferstotheCO2producedin________.A．usingtheproductB．recyclingtheproductC．makingtheproduct D．transportingtheproduct解析：選A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“...andwhetherornotthatextracarbonisworththefootprinttheproductwillmakeonceitgetstoyou.”可知，那些額外的碳(排放)是否值得這個產品在到你手里之后所產生的碳足跡，也就是說在你使用產品的時候。故選A。BAteamoffarmers,universityresearchersandenvironmentalistsisbusyatworkinthewetlandsofeasternEngland.Theyarediggingintothearea'swheatfields,lookingforwetearththatcouldhidelostpondsunderneath.Ittakesthegroupofdiggersjustafewhourstorevive(使復活)onedyingpond.It'snearHindolveston,athousand-year-oldvillageclosetotheNorthSea.“Assoonastheburiedpondsgetwaterandlight,theyjustspringtolife，”saysNickAnema,afarmerinnearbyDereham.He'sbroughtsevenpondsonhisfarmbacktolife.“Frogsandalltheinsectslikedragonfliescanbeseenhereagain，”hesaid.Butthebattleforthewetlandsisastruggle.Whileeffortstostoplossesarecontinuing,wetlandsaroundtheworldarestillbeingfilledinandcoveredup.Overthepastthreecenturies,almost90%oftheworld'swetlandshavedisappeared.Thelossratehasincreasedsincethe1970s,withwetlandsnowdisappearingthreetimesfasterthantheworld'sforests.Some5,000wetland-dependentanimalspeciescoulddieoutbecauseofsuchlosses.Wetlandlosscanalsoaffecthumanbeings.Wetlandsactasnaturalstorageareasforwater.Losingthoseareascouldleadtomoreseverefloodinginmanypartsoftheworld.Andtheactofremovingwaterfromwetlandscanreleasehugeamountsofcarbondioxide,amajorcontributortoclimatechange.Human-madewetlands,however,aren'tdecreasinginnumber.Ricefields,waterreservoirsandagriculturalstockpondshaveallincreasedsincethe1970s.Yetscientistsareconcernedaboutthisphenomenon.“Peoplebrag(自夸)aboutthefactthatthere'sbeennonetloss(凈損失)ofwetlands.Butwhatthey'vedoneisdestroynaturalwetlandsandcreateartificialones，”saysStuartPimm,aDukeUniversityprofessor.“Itmakesitlooklikeyou'redoingnoharmwhentherealityisverydifferent.”eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了濕地的多種功能以及天然濕地面積在逐年減少的現(xiàn)狀，因此拯救濕地迫在眉睫。)5．What'stheteam'sworkineasternEnglandintendedfor?A．Diggingwetearthforresearch.B．Researchingintoanoldvillage.C．Bringingdyingpondsbacktolife.D．Findingwetlandscreatedbypeople.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Theyarediggingintothearea's...torevive(使復活)onedyingpond.”可知，團隊正在努力拯救濕地，恢復池塘的生機。故選C。6．WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．Variousfunctionsofwetlands.B．Seriousconsequencesofwetlandloss.C．Wetlands'keyroleinclimatechange.D．Wetlands'importancetolivingthings.解析：選B段落大意題。通讀第四段內容可知，本段主要是介紹濕地喪失的嚴重后果。故選B。7．WhichofthefollowingreflectsStuartPimm'sopinion?A．Artificialwetlandscan'treplacenaturalones.B．Creatingartificialwetlandsupsetsthebalanceofnature.C．Keepingthetotalnumberofvariouskindsofwetlandsisimportant.D．It'simportanttobalancethenumbersofnaturalwetlandsandartificialones.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中StuartPimm說的“Butwhatthey'vedoneisdestroynaturalwetlandsandcreateartificialones...Itmakesitlooklikeyou'redoingnoharmwhentherealityisverydifferent.”可以推斷，StuartPimm認為人造濕地是不可能代替天然濕地的。故選A。8．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．SeekingforMoreWetlandsB．SavingtheWorld'sWetlandsC．CausesofWetlands'DisappearanceD．NaturalWetlandsvsArtificialWetlands解析：選B標題歸納題。通讀全文尤其是根據(jù)文章前三段內容可知，本文主要是介紹濕地的重要性以及濕地減少的現(xiàn)狀等，因此B項“拯救世界濕地”適合作本文標題。故選B。Ⅱ.應用文寫作光明社區(qū)針對本社區(qū)居民垃圾分類情況，計劃于下周舉行一次關于垃圾分類的講座。請你代表社區(qū)寫一封公開信，內容包括：1．垃圾分類的好處；2．講座具體時間和地點；3．邀請居民參加。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：垃圾分類garbageclassificationDearsirormadam，I'mwritingthislettertocallonattentiontothecommunitylectureconcerninggarbageclassification.GuangmingCommunity參考范文：Dearsirormadam，I'mwritingthislettertocallonattentiontothecommunitylectureconcerninggarbageclassification.Consideringmostneighborsfailtoclassifygarbageproperlythoughtheyreallytryto,ourcommunitywillorganizethislectureinanattempttoguidethisdeed.Garbageclassificationisofgreatsignificance.Firstly,notonlycanitcopewithpollutionissueeffectivelybutmorespaceoriginallyoccupiedbywastelandwillbespared.Secondly,wecanundeniablysaveresourcesbytakingadvantageofrecyclablegarbage.Tofulfillyourobligationtoliveaneco-life,comeandjoininthelecturetobegivenat2p．m.nextSundayonthecommunitysquare.Onlywithjointeffortscanweliveinabetterneighborhood.Yoursmallactcanmakeabigdifference.GuangmingCommunity課時作業(yè)(二)一、主題語基拓展練(一)主題詞匯盤查(已會詞匯，在□內打“√”；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識記)①pollute□ ②improve□③resource□ ④ecological□⑤greenhouse□ ⑥petrol□⑦destroy□ ⑧natural□⑨emission□ eq\o(○,\s\up1(10))discharge□?absorb□ ?endangered□?awareness□ ?ease□?balance□ ?waste□?reserve□ ?threaten□?rubbish□ ?lifestyle□(二)主題詞匯訓練Ⅰ.選詞填空(有兩詞多余)petrol,waste,reserve,rubbish,lifestyle,emission,resource,endangered,discharge,greenhouse1．Morepeoplechoosetolivealow-carbonlifeforthepurposeofreducinggreenhousegases.2．Wecanrecycleusefulmaterialstosaveresourcesandreduceenvironmentalpollution.3．Largeamountsofrubbish,_suchasleftoverfood,wastepaper,usedplasticbottlesandbatteriesareproducedeveryday.4．Bicyclesdon'tneedanypetrolandtheyareenergy-saving.5．Iwillgotoschoolbybikeoronfoot,andIwon'tthrowwasteanywhere.6．Naturereservesshouldbesetuptoprotectalltheanimals.7．Ourgovernmentshoulddevelopmoregreenandenergy-savingwaystolowertheemissionofpollutedair.8．Ahealthylifestylemakesushealthy,wealthyandwiseinthefuture.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Iagreetoclonetheendangered(endanger)species,becauseitreallycanbringusmanybenefits.2．Thepolluted(pollute)waterevendoesharmtopeopleaswellasotherlivingthings.3．Iwanttolearnhowtosurvivewhenanaccidenthappensoranatural(nature)disasterstrikes.4．Weshouldmakeeveryeffortto_improve(improve)ourlivingconditionsandtoprotectourEarth.5．Weintendtogiveaspeechinpublictoincreasepeople'sawareness(aware)ofprotectingourmotherriver.6．Pollutionis_threatening(threat)ourexistence.Ⅲ.寫出下列句中藍色詞的漢語意思1．IwouldliketospeakforpandassothatIcanraisepeople'sawarenessofanimalprotection.意識2．Peopletendtoattachgreatimportancetopersonalandeconomicinterests,ignoringecologicalbalance.生態(tài)平衡3．Thefactorywasfinedfordischargingchemicalsintotheriver.排放4．Naturalresourcesarelimitedandsomedaytheywillbeexhausted.資源5．Westudentsshoulddoasfollowsinordertoeasetheseriouscondition.緩解二、主題語篇押題練Ⅰ.閱讀理解Theideaofturningrecycledplasticbottlesintoclothingisnotnew.Duringthelastfiveyears,alargenumberofclothingcompanies,businessesandenvironmentalorganizationshavestartedturningplasticsintofabrictodealwithplasticpollution.Butthere'saproblemwiththismethod.Researchnowshowsthatmicrofiberscouldbethebiggestsourceofplasticinthesea.Dr.MarkBrowneinSantaBarbara,California,hasbeenstudyingplasticpollutionandmicrofibersfor10yearsnow.Heexplainsthateverytimesynthetic(合成的)clothesgointoawashingmachine,alargenumberofplasticfibersfalloff.Mostwashingmachinescan'tcollectthesemicrofibers.Soeverytimethewatergetsoutofawashingmachine,microfibersareenteringthesewersandfinallyendupinthesea.In2011,Brownewroteapaperstatingthatasinglepieceofsyntheticclothingcanproducemorethan1,900fibersperwash.Brownecollectedsamplesfromseawaterandfreshwatersitesaroundtheworld,andusedaspecialwaytoexamineeachsample.Hediscoveredthateverysinglewatersamplecontainedmicrofibers.Thisisbadnewsforanumberofreasons.Plasticcancauseharmtosealifewheneaten.Studieshavealsoshownthatplasticcanabsorbotherpollutants.Basedonthisevidence,itmayseemsurprisingthatcompaniesandorganizationshavechosentoturnplasticwasteintoclothingasanenvironmental“solution”.Eventhoughthesciencehasbeenaroundforawhile,Browneexplainsthathe'shadadifficulttimegettingcompaniestolisten.Whenheaskedwell-knownclothingcompaniestosupportBenignbyDesign—hisresearchprojectthatseekstogetclothesthathaveabadeffectonhumansandtheenvironmentoutofthemarket,Brownedidn'tgetasatisfyinganswer.Onlyonewomen'sclothingcompany,EileenFisher,offeredBrownefunding.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了把可回收塑料重組制成的衣服在清洗時會產生大量纖維，微纖維對海洋環(huán)境造成了嚴重的危害。1．Whathashappenedduringthepastfiveyears?A．Fabrichasbecomemuchstronger.B．Plasticpollutionhasbeenlessserious.C．Manyplasticbottleshavebeenreused.D．Microfibershavebeengreatlyimproved.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Duringthelastfiveyears,alargenumberofclothingcompanies...turningplasticsintofabrictodealwithplasticpollution.”可知，在過去的五年中有很多塑料瓶被再次利用，故選C。2．WhatdoesBrownethinkofwashingsyntheticclothes?A．Itisaddingmicrofiberstotheclothes.B．Itisworseningenvironmentalproblems.C．Itismakingsyntheticclotheslastlonger.D．Itisdoinggreatdamagetowashingmachines.解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。結合第四段中的“Plasticcancauseharmtosealifewheneaten.”可知，微纖維對海洋生物有很大的危害。由此可知，合成型衣服的清洗會產生大量微纖維，微纖維的排放會加重海洋問題，故選B。3．WhatcanbeinferredaboutBrowne'sBenignbyDesignresearchproject?A．Ithasachievedgreatsuccess.B．Ithasn'tgotanythingdone.C．Itisknowntoveryfewpeople.D．Itisfacingsomedifficulties.解析：選D推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“Whenheasked...Brownedidn'tgetasatisfyinganswer.”可推知，他的研究項目遇到了困難，故選D。4．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．It'simportanttolearntorecycleB．It'snevereasytosolvepollutionproblemsC．Recycledplasticclothing:solutionorpollution?D．Arehumanbeingsmovingforwardorbackward?解析：選C標題歸納題。通讀全文尤其是第一段可知，文章就將可回收塑料重組制成衣服這項技術究竟是對環(huán)境的保護還是對環(huán)境的再次污染進行了說明。故C項能夠概括文章中心，可作為標題。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五4sustainabilitytipsforEarthDayOnthisEarthDay,seaturtlesarethrivingonFloridabeachesandtheairinLosAngelesiscleanerthaneverbefore.Buttheseeventsaretheresultofthecoronaviruspandemic,whentherearefewercarsontheroad,planesinthesky,andfactoriesatfullproduction.Withmostpeopleathome,natureisprospering.Fewbelievetheseimprovementswillcontinuewhenpeopleareabletoheadtotheofficeagain.__1__Helptheenvironmentwhileeatinghealthier.__2__Usingingredientsthathaveamuchsmallerenvironmentalimpactcomparedtousinganimalproducts.Whileyou'reinthekitchen,insteadofthrowingawayyourbitsofonion,celery,andgarlic,scoopupthescrapsandtryre-growingthemforyourowngarden.Timeforspringrecycling.Alotofpeopleareusingtheirextratimeathometoremovetheirclothesthey'llneverwearagainandbirthdaycardsfromadecadeago.Insteadofthrowingitallaway,thereareseveralcompaniesandnonprofitsthatwillaccepttheseitems,turningthemintonewproductsorrecyclablematerials.TheCrayonInitiativetakesdiscardedcrayons,meltsthemdown,andremanufacturesthem,withthenewcrayonsthensenttochildren'shospitals.__3____4__Here'sasmallerdecisionthatcanmakeadifference:Whenrecyclingabottle,makesureyoufirsttakeoffthebottlecapandthrowitinthetrash.Also,whencafesarebackopenagain,chooseareusablethermosorenjoyyourdrinkinoneoftheirmugsbecausepaper-to-gocoffeecupsarelinedwithaplasticfilmthatcan'tberecycled.Properlydisposeofprescriptiondrugs.Inordertokeeptheno-longer-necessaryprescriptiondrugsawayfromkidsoranyoneelsewhoshouldn'tgetintothem,somepeopleflushthemdownthetoilet.__5__Mostcommunitieshaveasafeplacetodisposeofoldandunusedprescriptions,withpharmaciesandhospitalsoftenacceptingthedrugs.A．Throwawaythosebottlecaps.B．Collectasmorebottlecapsaspossible.C．Lockdownisagoodtimetotrymoreplant-basedrecipes.D．Itisagreatwaytodealwitholdandunusedprescriptions.E．Thiscanchangethewatersupplyandaffectwaterwildlife.F．However,therearestillafewthingswecandofortheplanet.G．Evenoldbirthday,Christmas,andthankyoucardscanbemadenewagain,thankstoSt.Jude'sRanchforChildren.語篇解讀：本文一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四條人類可以為地球做的環(huán)保且可持續(xù)發(fā)展的建議。1．解析：選F本句為本段最后一句，有啟示下文的作用；結合后文主要介紹了四條可持續(xù)發(fā)展的建議可知，F(xiàn)項“然而，我們仍然可以為地球做一些事情”承上啟下，符合語境，故選F。2．解析：選C結合上下文可知，此處是在說明吃得健康就是嘗試更多植物性的食物。故C項“禁閉期是嘗試更多植物性食譜的好時機”符合上下文語境，故選C。3．解析：選G上文主要列舉了一些日?？梢曰厥绽玫臇|西，如舊衣服和蠟筆，故G項“即使舊的生日、圣誕節(jié)和感謝卡也可以重新制作，這都要感謝圣裘德兒童農場”承接上文語境，故選G。4．解析：選A根據(jù)后文“Whenrecyclingabottle,makesureyoufirstta