2024年高考英語模擬卷（北京卷02）考試版A3

2024年高考第一次模擬考試英語（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。寫在本試卷上無效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完型填空（共10小題：每小題分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。OneofthebestfeelingsisknowingthatIhavemadea(n)1impactonanotherperson’slife.Duringmyfreshmanyear,IgotmyfirstrealjobatDunkin’Donuts.Iquicklybecameawarethatcustomers’2wasimportant,soItriedtoprovidethebestservicethatIcould.Istillrememberonecustomervividly,anelderlygentlemannamedFrank.HecameineverySundayafternoonandorderedamediumcoffeewithtwooldfashioneddonuts.ImmediatelyafterIsawhimpullintotheparkinglot,I3hisorder,havingitreadybythetimehewalkedin.IfIhadnootherworktodo,Isatandtalkedwithhim.Welearnedalotabouteachother.Icouldnothelpfeelingsorryforhimbecausehiswifehadrecentlypassedaway.Afterayearofworkingeveryweekend,Ieventuallydecidedtoleaveandturnedinmytwoweeknotice.Themostdifficultpartof4wasnottellingmyboss,butinformingFrank.IfeltlikeIwas5him.WhenIfinallybroughtitup,he6replied,“Oh,that’stoobad.I’msurethatthestaffwillmissyou.”Ibegantothinkthatourvisitsheldnorealimportancetohim,andthathewouldbejustas7enjoyinghisfoodalone.8,onmylastday,Frankcameinwithacardthatsimplyread,“Yourkindnessduringthetimewehavespenttogetherisheartwarming.Youhadno9tospeakawordtome,letaloneshowarealinterestinourconversations.Fewthingshavebroughtmemorepleasurethanourweeklyvisits.Thankyou.”Aamountof10Ireceivedforsuchminoreffortsismindblowing.Givingupmyweekendsforayearwasasmallpricetopaytograsptheremarkableeffectsofkindness.1．A．obvious B．simple C．immediate D．positive2．A．condition B．a(chǎn)ppearance C．satisfaction D．behavior3．A．took B．prepared C．followed D．a(chǎn)ccepted4．A．quitting B．a(chǎn)greeing C．remembering D．serving5．A．embarrassing B．ignoring C．cheating D．a(chǎn)bandoning6．A．firmly B．calmly C．a(chǎn)ngrily D．sadly7．A．confident B．excited C．content D．interested8．A．Meanwhile B．Therefore C．Moreover D．However9．A．duty B．right C．excuse D．intention第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題，每小題分,共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AYouneverknowwhattreasurestheseawilloffer.11(look)foraseashellisafunhobby,andanyoneatanyagecandoit.Plus,there’sevenanofficialnameforpeople12collectandstudyshells:“conchologist.”Besidesbeinguniqueandinteresting,shellsserveanimportantfunction.Theyprovide13(protect)forseaorganisms.Thatbringsustothefirstruleofsearchingforseashells:Neverkeepashellthatstillhasalivingcreatureinside.BBecauseofthechangesthatoccurredovertea’sextremelylonghistory,theteamakingprocess

14(bee)veryplicatedanddiversetoday.Tofollowtheratherstrictsteps15mayincludedozensofsmallersteps,generallyspeaking,ittakesabouthalfamonthtopletethe16(begin)processessuchasteapicking,selectinganddrying.Inordertoreachthehigheststandard,ittakesatleastawholemonthonlytodrytheteaasdryasitcanget.Soittakesseveralmonthsalone17goodteaproductsarereadyforconsumers.TheChinesehavecreatedsomeofthegreatestinventionsintheworld.Theycameupwithawaytomakemodempaperthousandsofyearsago.Thefirstpaper18(invent)wasmadefromwormfishingnets,barkofthemulberrytree,andcloth.Thesematerialswerefound19(easy),whichmeantthatlargeamountsofpaperwerecheapertomake.Aspaperbecamemoreaffordable,itwasusedforwritingon.DuringtheTangDynasty,itwasmadeintopaperbagsandusedtopreservetheflavouroftea.Today,paper20(use)formanydifferentpurposesaroundtheworld.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題，每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATourseinmanycreativeforms,suchasguidedwalkingtours,selfguidedwalkingtours,coastalwalksandbushwalks.GuidedWalkingToursGuidedwalkingtoursareaninformativeandfunwaytodeeplyunderstandtheareaaboutacity’shistoryandthepeoplethere.Youcantakethiskindoftouranytimeandanywhere.Guidedwalkingtoursewithaguidewiththeknowledgeandhistoryoftheareaandtheycanhelpyouwithalotofthehistorythathappenedinthearea.Guidedwalkingtoursarebetteratshowingsitesindepth.SelfGuidedWalkingToursSelfguidedtoursaregoodifyouwishtodothingsatyourownpace.Withselfguidedtours,youusuallyhaveabrochureontheareathatyoufollowanditwilltellyouaboutlocalpeople’sfavoritelandmarks.Selfguidedtoursaresuitableforindividualsorclosefriends.Youcantaketheminanyseasonyoulike.CoastalWalkingToursCoastalwalksareidealforthosewhoenjoybreathtakingviews.Coastalwalkswilloftentakeyouinlandforpartofyourjourney,onlytorejointhecoastlineatsomeotherspectacularviewsmothernaturehasprovided.Coastalwalksareforallyearround.Ihavedonesomegreatwalksinwinterandseenmothernatureatherbest,andthebestpartaboutdoingtoursduringwinteristhattherearenotverymanypeoplethatwillalmosthavethetourtothemselves.BushWalkingToursBushwalks,accordingtoresearch,canhelpreducedepressionandraiseselfesteem.Bushwalkscanbeafamilyactivitywithyourdogthroughouttheyear.Somebushwalksmaytakemorethanoneday.Wheneveryouwanttotakeabushwalk,youshouldkeepinmindthatallbushwalksshouldberesearchedthoroughlyasyoumayneedspecialequipmentlikewaterprooftrousers.Attheveryleastyoushouldletyourfamilyorfriendsknowwhereyouaregoing.Thisisusefulifyougetlost.Hopeyoucanfindthemostsuitabletourforyourself.21．Whatcanwelearnaboutguidedwalkingtoursfromthepassage?A．Itcanbeafamilyactivitythatmayincludepets.B．Youcanhaveafurtherunderstandingofthearea.C．Youcanenjoybreathtakingviewsduringthetour.D．Youcanknowthelandmarkswiththehelpoflocalpeople.22．Whichofthesetoursshouldyoutellyourfamilyorfriendsinadvance?A．Bushwalkingtours. B．Guidedwalkingtours.C．Coastalwalkingtours. D．Selfguidedwalkingtours.23．Whatdothesetourshaveinmon?A．Youcanparticipateanytimeoftheyear.B．Youshouldbuyspecialequipmentinadvance.C．Youwilltakepartinbothinlandandcoastlinejourneys.D．Youneedabrochuretointroducethetours’specialfeatures.BHaveyoueverseenakidinclasswhowouldn’tvolunteertoreadoransweraquestion?Iwasthattypeofstudent.Talkinginclasswasastruggleformebecausethefearofsayingthewrongthingwasalwaysonmymind.Therewereconstantannouncementsaboutstudentsinourclasswinningwritingawards.Itwasadreamforme.Ihavealwaysfeltunsureofmyselfwhenwriting.SemicolonsconfusedmeandIusedtoomanymas.Ihadnoideahowtociteanything.Duringmyfreshmanyear,theteacherwouldpickthebestessayinourclasstobereadoutloud,butminewasneverchosen.Ifounditreallyhardtowriteanessay.OneteacherMr.Wilson,whotaughtmethenextsemester,changedeverything.Hewasinhisfiftiesandhadareputationforhavingaparticularteachingstyle.Heconnectedwritingandreadingtofootball,butsomehowitmadesense.Whatreallymadehimspecialtomewasthateveryclasshewouldpicksomeonetoreadtheirwritingoutloudtotheclass.Inoneofhislessons,hesaid:“IwillnotalwayspicktheessaythatIthinkhasthebestgrammaroruseofvocabulary.IwillpicktheonethatIthinkhasthemostcharacter.”Thispartwasconfusingtomebecausehowcanwritinghavecharacter?Hewentontoexplain:“IwanttoreadsomethingthatIcantellthewriterfeelalotwhilewritingit.Iwanttofeeltheemotionsyouweregoingthroughasyouwroteit.”Afewweekslater,forthefirsttime,myessaywaschosentobereadtomyclassmates.Ican’tevenrememberwhatitwasabout,butIrememberhownervousIwastoseehisreaction,mixedwithprideatthefactthathefeltlikemyworkwasworthsharing.Hegavemehismentsattheendofit,butIwastoonervoustorememberthem.Afterclass,hetoldmehewasexcitedtoreadmoreofmywork.Hemademefeelspecialinthewayheledtheclass,andIgotovermyfearofsharingmyworkinclass.Hemademebelieveinmywritingabilitiesandgavemetheconfidencetocontinuewriting.24．Talkinginclassusedtobedifficultfortheauthorbecause__________.A．hehadneverwonanyawardsforspeaking B．hedidn’tknowhowtoanswerquestionsC．hehadnoideahowtociteanything D．hewasafraidofmakingmistakes25．Accordingtotheauthor,whatmadeMr.Wilsondifferentfromotherteachers?A．Hisstyleofteaching. B．Hisloveforstudents.C．Hisinterestinwriting. D．Hispassionforfootball.26．Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat__________.A．Mr.WilsonpreferredessayswithgooduseofvocabularyB．theauthorrememberedMr.Wilson’smentsverywellC．Mr.Wilsonthoughttheauthor’spassagewasfullofemotionsD．theauthorbelievedthathisessaywasworthsharingintheclass27．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMr.Wilson?A．Kindandambitious. B．Honestandconfident.C．Creativeandinspiring. D．Reliableandgenerous.COneofthemajorreasonswetakephotosinthefirstplaceistorememberamomentlongafterithaspassed:thebirthofababy,areunion,etc.However,everytimewesnapaquickpictureofsomething,wecouldinfactbeharmingourmemoryofit.LindaHenkel,aprofessorofpsychologyatFairfieldUniversityinConnecticut,studiedhowtakingphotosimpactsexperienceandmemory.Sheconductedanexperimentusingagroupofundergraduatesonaguidedtouroftheuniversity’sBellarmineMuseumofArt.Thestudentswereaskedtotakephotosofobjectsthattheylookedatonthetourandtosimplyobserveothers.Later,shetestedtheirmemoryofalltheobjectstheyhadseenonthetour.Theresultswereclear.Overall,peoplerememberedfeweroftheobjectstheyhadphotographed.Theyalsocouldn’trecallasmanyspecificvisualdetailsofthephotographedart,paredtothearttheyhadmerelyobserved.“Whenyoutakeaphotoofsomething,you’recountingonthecameratorememberforyou,”Henkelsaid.“Youdon’tengageinanyoftheplexoremotionalkindsofprocessingthatreallywouldhelpyourememberthoseexperiences,becauseyou’veoutsourcedittoyourcamera.”Then,Henkelrananotherstudy.Thistimewhenpeopletookatourofthemuseum,theywereaskedtotaketwokindsofphotos:thoseoftheobjectsintheexhibitaloneandthosewiththemstandingnexttotheobjects.Itturnsoutthatitactuallychangestheirviewpointontheexperience,whetherthey’reinaphotoornot.Inotherwords,ifyouareintheimage,youbeemoreremovedfromtheoriginalmomentasifyouareanobserverwatchingyourselfdoingsomethingoutsideyourself.Interestingly,ifyouarenotintheimage,youremembermore.Henkeldoesn’tdisagreethatthepurposeofoutsourcingourmemorytodevicescanfreeupourbrainstodoothercognitive(認(rèn)知的)processing.ButfromtheexperimentsHenkelissurethatcamerascan’tparetowhatthebrainiscapableofwithinputfromtheeyesandtheears.28．WhatcanweconcludefromHenkel’sfirstexperiment?A．Peopletakephotostorememberamoment.B．Takingphotosisaplexoremotionalprocess.C．Takingphotosinfluencesexperienceandmemory.D．Peopleobservemoreoftheobjectswhentakingphotos.29．Whenyouareinaphoto,you______.A．returntotheoriginalmomentB．remembermoreabouttheobjectC．changeyourviewpointonthephotoD．beeanobserveroutsideyourself30．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A．Toexplainthereasonswhypeopletakephotos.B．Tointroducethedisadvantagesoftakingphotos.C．Topersuadepeoplenottorelyonphotosformemory.D．Toexpressdisapprovaloftheuseofdevicestofreebrains.DGolfhasalengthproblem.Thefartherplayersdrivetheball,thelongerholesneedtobe,sothatskillslikeironplayandputting(打球入洞)remainimportant.Butthelongercoursesare,themoretheycosttomaintainandtheworsetheirenvironmentalimpact.Theyalsobeemoredauntingforrecreationalgolfers,whokeeptheminbusiness.In2004,golf’sregulatorsintroducedlimitsonthesizeofclubs(球桿),hopingtoslowthetrendofeverlongerdrives.Nonetheless,theinflationhascontinuedquickly.OnNovember15thafamousrecordtumbled(下跌):someonepletedtheMastersTournamentinfewerthan270strokes,themarkTigerWoodssetwhenhewonhisfirstmajortitlein1997.Thenewlowof268belongstoDustinJohnson,whohasaveragedmorethan300yardsapopthroughouthiscareer.HeachievedthefeateventhoughtheAugustaNationalcourseis8%longerthanin1997.Howhavegolferscontinuedtoblasttheballfartherthanever?ThePGATourpublishesballtrackingstatistics,whichsuggestthat,althoughbetterequipmentmayhavehelped,players’recentgainsstemlargelyfromtheirtechnique—andevenbiggerimprovementsnowappearinevitable.ThedataefromShotLink,asystemthattrackshowfastagolferswings(“clubheadspeed”),hisball’strajectory(“l(fā)aunchangle”)anditsrotationspeed(“spinrate”).Astatisticalmodelusingthesemetricswasbuilttopredictdrivingdistances.Together,thethreefactorsexplained70%ofthedifferencesbetweenplayers’distances,andalmostalloftheincreaseinlengthovertime.Themodel’slessonsareintuitive.Tothumptheballasfaraspossible,oneshouldmaximiseclubheadspeedandlaunchanglewhileminimisingspin.However,mostplayersfaceatradeoffbetweenthesegoals.Harderimpactsusuallymeanflattertrajectories.Onegolfer,however,hasescapedthisconstraint.BrysonDeChambeau,aphysicsgraduatewithoddlydesignedclub,isnicknamedthe“MadScientist”.Hegained18kgofweightwhilethePGATourwassuspended.Thishasallowedhimtoswingfasterthananyoneelse.Buthehasalsomanagedtosmashtheballwithahighlaunchangle—anunprecedentedbinationthatmightowesomethingtohisunusuallystiffwristsandrobotictechnique.Usingbothhisbrainsandhisbrawn,MrDeChambeauisnowhitting15yardsfartherthanhisclosestpetitorsdo.MarkBroadie,agolfstatistician,reckonsthatotherprofessionalswilltrytobeefup.Butgolfhistoryisfullofplayerswholosttheiredgeaftermakingsmallchangestotheirswings.AndtimemayyetshowthattherisksofMrDeChambeau’sbombsawayapproachoffsetsomeoftherewards.Hestrayedintotherough(球場長草區(qū))oftenattheMasters.Nonetheless,theMadScientist’sbreakthroughisbadnewsforcoursedesigners.Theywillprobablyhavetokeepfiddlingwiththeirfairwaysonthegolfcoursesforyearstoe.31．TheauthormentionsTigerWoodsinParagraph2toshow________.A．golfdrivesareincreasinglyfarther B．thenumberofrecordsisfallingC．gametimeislengtheninggradually D．golfcoursesaregrowinglonger32．Recentgolfers’improvingperformanceismainlytheresultof________.A．finerequipment B．longercourses C．largerbuild D．bettertechniques33．WhatcanweknowaboutBrysonDeChambeau?A．Hehasinventedtheneverfailingbombsawayapproach.B．Heisagolfstatisticianwhospendsalotoftimeinthegym.C．Heactivelyurgescoursedesignerstoupdatethegolfcourses.D．Hehasmanagedtoswingtheballfastwithoutflattertrajectories.34．WhichwouldMarkBroadiemostlikelytoagreewith?A．Changestotheswingshallbemadewithgreatcaution.B．Longercourseswillcausemoreproblemsthanbenefits.C．ProfessionalsshouldfollowMrDeChambeau’slead.D．Othergolfersshouldbebraveenoughtotakerisks.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wehaveallbeenguiltyofbeingoveroptimisticwhenpredictinghowlongataskwilltakebecauseoftheplanningfallacy.Firstidentifiedin1977,theplanningfallacywasdefinedas:“thetendencytounderestimatetheamountoftimeneededtopleteafuturetask,dueinparttotherelianceonoverlyoptimisticperformancescenarios(預(yù)測).”Itisextremelymon.35Forinstance,astudyconductedwithpsychologystudentsfoundthatonly30%ofthemmanagedtopletetheirseniorpapersintheamountoftimetheypredicted.What’smore,theplanningfallacyisanincrediblystubbornproblem.36Whileweareabletorecognisepastpredictionswherewehavebeenoveroptimistic,weoftenkeeponinsistingthatourcurrentpredictionsarerealistic.Theplanningfallacyissuchadeeprootedbehavior.However,thereareafewsystematicstrategiesyoucanusetostartbuildingthehabitofdoublecheckingyourtimeestimates.Forinstance,youcantaketheoutsideview.37Makesuretoconsultexpertsandpeoplewhohaveattemptedtopletesimilarprojectsinthepast.Ifyou’reastudent,talktoseniorstudents;ifyou’rewritingabook,joinanetworkofwriters.38Youneedtodifferentiatebetweentasksthatareurgentandimportant,importantbutnoturgent,urgentbutnotimportant,neitherurgentnorimportant.Onceyouhaveanobjectiveestimateofthetimeitwilltaketopleteaproject,youneedtomakesureyouhavethetimeandresourcestocarryoutyourplan.39Breakdownbigtasksintosmaller,manageablechunks.Don’twaituntilthelastminutetoletpeopleknowyoumayneedtheirhelpinthenearfuture.A．Definingyourprioritiesalsohelps.B．Wedon’tlearnfromourpreviousmistakes.C．Donotbaseyourestimatesonyourowncriteria.D．Focusingonfinedetailsistheremendedpractice.E．Wecanseemanyfailedorlateprojects,whichleadtotimewasting.F．Therehavebeenlotsofstudiesconfirmingtheexistenceoftheplanningfallacy.G．Blocktimeinyourcalendar,andmakesuretheresourcesyouneedareavailable.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，共32分）第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)（共4小題，第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。Inthemornings,asIwalkedfromthetrainstationtotheoffice,Iplannedmydaybymakingatodolistinmyhead:thescientificarticlesIwouldread,thedatasetsIwouldanalyze,andmosturgentofalltheinsightsintohumannaturethatitwasmyjobtodiscover.Eachevening,Iwentbacktothestation,againgoingthroughmymentalchecklistbutthistimesizingupmyperformanceagainsttheexpectationsI’dsetformyselfthatmorning.Timeandagain,whenparingmytodolistwithmygotdonelist,IfeltdisappointedbecauseIhadfallenshort.Butoneday,somethingverystrangehappened.Duringmytriphome,withoutanyconsciousintent,mythoughtsbegantoshift.Insteadoffeelingbadaboutmyweaknesses,Isaidaloudverysoftly:I’maniceperson.I’maniceperson.I’maniceperson.BythetimeIboardedmytr