非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 V-ing 的基本語(yǔ)法功能 課件 2023屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞v-ing的基本語(yǔ)法功能bylily塔三202311bylily塔三202311高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法LosinghimwasbluelikeI'veneverknown失去他如此憂(yōu)傷，好像我們從未相識(shí)Missinghimwasdarkgreyallalone想念他如同灰暗般無(wú)助孤獨(dú)中無(wú)法忘卻Forgettinghimwasliketryingtoknowsomebodyyounevermet將他遺忘好比去了解一個(gè)素未謀面的人那樣痛苦漫長(zhǎng)Butlovinghimwasred但我記得愛(ài)他的感覺(jué)如亮紅般熾烈Lovinghimwasred愛(ài)他的感覺(jué)如同亮紅般熾烈v-ing的語(yǔ)法功能1-ing做主語(yǔ)2-ing做表語(yǔ)3-ing做賓語(yǔ)4-ing做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)5-ing做定語(yǔ)6-ing做狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞動(dòng)名詞：做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。LearningEnglishisverydifficult.（作主語(yǔ)）學(xué)英語(yǔ)非常困難。Ienjoydancing.（作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)）我喜歡跳舞。Ihavegotusedtolivinginthecountry.（作介詞賓語(yǔ)）我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了住農(nóng)村。Hisjobisdrivingabus.（作表語(yǔ)）他的工作是開(kāi)車(chē)。現(xiàn)在分詞：做表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。Thestoryisinteresting.（做表語(yǔ)）這個(gè)故事有趣。Hesatthere，readinganewspaper.（作狀語(yǔ)）他坐在那里，讀著一張報(bào)紙。Theareabeingstudiedmayberichincoal.（作定語(yǔ)）這個(gè)正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。Hesawthethiefstealingsomemoneyfromthebank.（作賓補(bǔ)）他看到小偷正在從銀行偷錢(qián)。作主語(yǔ)Teachingismyfull-timejob.

Learningtousealanguageisdifferentfromstudyingalanguage.動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)常用It做形式主語(yǔ)。Playingfootball

isagreatfun.Itisagreatfunplayingfootball.作主語(yǔ)：動(dòng)名詞It’sawasteoftimedoingsth.做....是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間It’s（no）fundoingsth.做....（沒(méi)）有趣It’snogooddoingsth.做....沒(méi)有好處It’s

nousedoingsth.做……是沒(méi)有用的beworthdoingsth.....是值得(被)做EG:Itisnogoodobjecting.反對(duì)也沒(méi)有用。EG:Itisagreatfunplayingfootball.踢足球很有趣。EG:Itisawasteoftimetryingtoexplain.設(shè)法解釋是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)常用It做形式主語(yǔ)

在

It’snouse…、It’sawasteoftime…

、It’snogood…句式中動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)

a.It’snouse__________(cry)overthespiltmilk.

b.It’snogood__________（watch)TValldaylong.

c.It’sawasteoftime__________(argue)withhim.

cryingwatchingarguing1.---WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?---____hernewbicycle.A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing2._____isagoodofexerciseforboththeyoungandtheold.A.ThewalkB.WalkingC.TowalkD.Walk3.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire________allnight.A.toburnB.burnC.burningD.burnedCBC2.作表語(yǔ)Myjobisteaching.

=Teachingismyjob.動(dòng)名詞我們最大的幸福是為人民服務(wù)。

Ourgreatesthappinessisservingthepeople.（動(dòng)名詞）他的話(huà)很鼓舞人。Hiswordsareencouraging.

（現(xiàn)在分詞）2.作表語(yǔ)常用來(lái)作表語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞有astonishing,amusing,confusing,disappointing,boring,encouraging,inspiring,moving,tiring,interesting,surprising等。提示：（1）動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)是等值關(guān)系，兩者有時(shí)可以互換，句子意思不變；動(dòng)名詞后面可以接賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)。2.作表語(yǔ)ing分詞做表語(yǔ)表主語(yǔ)的特征（常用來(lái)修飾事物），一般用來(lái)描述某人或某事物的性質(zhì)，解釋為“令人...”。convincing（令人信服的）delighting（令人高興的）disappointing（令人失望的）embarrassing（令人窘迫的）encouraging（令人鼓舞的）exciting（令人激動(dòng)的）interesting（令人有趣的）moving（令人感動(dòng)的）puzzling（令人費(fèi)解的）refreshing（令人提神的）satisfying（令人滿(mǎn)意的）surprising（令人驚異的）worrying（令人擔(dān)心的）encouragingnewsThenewsisveryastonishing.Hisargumentisveryconvincing.

Thefilmwasso_____thatallofuswere______totears.A.moved;movingB.moving;movedC.moving;movingD.moved;moved作賓語(yǔ)：動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)(動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ))：Ihavejustfininisheddoingmyhomework.Thechildrenarefondoflisteningtopopmusic.Isuggested

askinghisbrotherforsomemoney.Hekeepsbuyingexpensivemaps.Hemusthavemorethan200by

now.作賓語(yǔ)：動(dòng)名詞只接動(dòng)名詞（不能接不定式）作賓語(yǔ)的28個(gè)常用動(dòng)詞practice、consider、enjoy、finish、giveup、imagine、keep、putoff、risk、suggest、admit、advise、allow、appreciate、avoid、delay、deny、discuss、dislike、escape、excuse、fancy、forbid、mention、mind、miss、permit、prohibit只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：在enjoy,finish,mind,miss,practise,suggest,insiston,giveup等動(dòng)詞后，再出現(xiàn)動(dòng)詞只用動(dòng)名詞

1)Ienjoy

_______

(have)

achatwiththeaged.2)Haveyoufinished

_________(read)thebook?3)Doyoumindmy________(smoke)here?4)Idon’twanttomiss

________(see)thesingerontheTVtonight.5)Weshouldpractise

_______(read)Englisheveryday.6)Hesuggested

________(go)thereonfoot.7)Sheinsistedon

______(do)itherself.8)Youshouldgiveup__________(smoke).9)Ihavethemind

___________(study)abroad.10)Ihavemadeupmymind________(get)upearly.havingreadingsmokingseeingreadinggoingdoingsmokingtostudytogetThelibraryneeds______,butit’llhavetowaituntilSunday.A.cleaningB.becleanedC.cleanD.beingcleaned—Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?—Oh,excellent.It’sworth______asecondtime.A.toreadB.tobereadC.readingD.beingreadAC作賓語(yǔ)：動(dòng)名詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)Ifyoucan'tcometonight,howaboutcomingtomorrow?如果你今晚不能來(lái)，明天怎么樣？做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞置于某些及物動(dòng)詞和賓語(yǔ)之后,補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示賓補(bǔ)與賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系。在這種情況下,及物動(dòng)詞通常是表示感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞。做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ).現(xiàn)在分詞在感官動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ):在see,hear,feel,watch,notice等感官動(dòng)詞后,現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ),表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedby.當(dāng)我從旁經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)，我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)她正在唱英文歌。Todayonmywayhome,Isawamanrunningalongthestreethurriedly.今天在我回家的路上,我看到一個(gè)男人正匆忙從街上跑過(guò)。能跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有這些（一感）hear,listento（二聽(tīng)）make,have,let（三讓?zhuān)?/p>

see,watch,notice,observe（四看）

做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)2.現(xiàn)在分詞在使役動(dòng)詞have后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表示“讓……一直做某事”。否定句中也可以表示“不容許某人做某事”。It’scold.Weshouldhavethefireburningallthetime.天氣冷。我們應(yīng)該讓火一直燃燒著。Iwon’thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.我不允許你在房間里跑來(lái)跑去。做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)3.常用的幾個(gè)只接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：keep/send/leavesb.doingsth使某人干某事find/catchsb.doingsth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人干某事Shekepthimwaitingfortwohours.她讓他等了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。Hecaughtamanputtinghishandintothepocketofapassenger.他發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)人把手伸進(jìn)了一個(gè)乘客的口袋。做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)4.用于with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Withsomuchworkfillingmymind,Ialmostbreakdown.我滿(mǎn)腦子都是工作，快要崩潰了。WithChristmasapproaching,aChristmaspartywillbeheldintheschool.圣誕節(jié)要到了，學(xué)校要舉行一個(gè)圣誕晚會(huì)。做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)注意辨析：1.感官類(lèi)動(dòng)詞+sbdosth.（干了某事）感官類(lèi)動(dòng)詞+sbdoingsth.（正在干某事）Hesawherentertheroom.(Sheenteredtheroom.)他看見(jiàn)她進(jìn)了屋。Hesawherworkinginthegarden.(Shewasworkinginthegarden.)他看見(jiàn)她在花園里干活。2.havesb.dosth使某人干某事havesb.doingsth使某人一直干某事I’llhaveBobshowyoutoyourroom.我讓鮑勃帶你到房間去。Itwascold,andshehadthefireburningdayandnight.天很冷，她讓爐火日夜燒著。做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)3.getsb.todosth使某人干某事getsb.doingsth使某人開(kāi)始干起來(lái)Youshouldgetyoursontowashhisclotheshimself.你應(yīng)該讓兒子自己洗衣服。Somethingiswrongwiththemachine.Ican’tgetitrunning.機(jī)器出了故障。我沒(méi)法讓它轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)起來(lái)。作定語(yǔ)1.單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞的-ing形式可以作前置定語(yǔ)，一般有兩種含義。①說(shuō)明被修飾名詞的用途和性能。areadingroom閱覽室=aroomwhichisusedforreadingrunningshoes=shoesforrunning跑鞋aworkingmethod工作方法=amethodofworking必背：asewingmachine縫紉機(jī)

aswimmingpool游泳池adrawingboard畫(huà)板adiningcar餐車(chē)adrivingpermit駕駛許可證

awalkingstick手杖asingingcompetition歌詠比賽

awaitingroom候車(chē)室作定語(yǔ)②表示所修飾的人或物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，在意思上接近一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，可以表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，也可表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或當(dāng)時(shí)的狀態(tài)。developingcountries發(fā)展中國(guó)家

=countriesthataredevelopinganordinary-lookinghouse看起來(lái)很普通的房子

=ahousethatlooksordinaryapuzzlingproblem困擾人的問(wèn)題

=aproblemthatpuzzlessomebodyTheworkingpeoplearemastersofourcountry.勞動(dòng)人民是我們國(guó)家的主人。Letsleepingdogslie.不要惹麻煩。視力作定語(yǔ)必背：adisappointingplay令人失望的戲劇

anastonishingadventure驚人的冒險(xiǎn)boilingwater正在沸騰的水a(chǎn)sleepingbaby熟睡的嬰兒abarkingdog狂吠的狗thesettingsun落日thecomingweek下一周failingsight逐漸衰退的作定語(yǔ)2．作定語(yǔ)的-ing形式如是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，則應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面。Thebottlecontainingvinegarshouldbesenttothelaboratory.裝著醋的那個(gè)瓶子應(yīng)送到實(shí)驗(yàn)室去。Theylivedinahousefacingsouth.他們住在一所朝南的房子里。Thebookbeingdiscussedalotwillbepublishednextmonth.人們談?wù)摵芏嗟哪潜緯?shū)下一個(gè)月將出版。作狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))在句中作狀語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、方式、讓步或伴隨狀況。作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)時(shí)多位于句首;作結(jié)果、伴隨情況狀語(yǔ)時(shí)常位于句末?，F(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須和該句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致。（一）現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)①doing：與句子的主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，與句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生或基本同時(shí)發(fā)生，表“主動(dòng)進(jìn)行”。Walkinginthepark,shesawanoldfriend.當(dāng)她在公園里散步時(shí)，她看到了一個(gè)老朋友。作狀語(yǔ)②havingdone：與句子的主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生，表“主動(dòng)完成”。Havingfinishedtheletter,hewenttopostit.他寫(xiě)完信后就把它寄了出去。③havingbeendone=done：與句子的主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生，表“被動(dòng)且完成”。Shown/Havingbeenshownaroundthefactory,theywereveryhappy.被領(lǐng)著參觀了工廠后，他們很高興。作狀語(yǔ)（二）現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)的用法1.作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(相當(dāng)于when/while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)。Hearingthenews（=Whentheyheardthenews）,theygotexcited.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，他們很激動(dòng)。Walkinginthestreet（=When/WhileIwaswalkinginthestreet）,Imetanoldfriendofmine.我正在大街上行走時(shí)，遇到了一位老朋友。作狀語(yǔ)2.作條件狀語(yǔ)(一般放在句首，其前可以加if連詞)Readingcarefully（=Ifyoureadcarefully），you\'lllearnsomethingnew．只要你仔細(xì)閱讀，你會(huì)學(xué)到一些新的東西。Workinghard（=Ifyouworkhard）,you’llmakegreatprogress.如果你努力工作，你將取得很大進(jìn)步。作狀語(yǔ)3.作原因狀語(yǔ)(一般可轉(zhuǎn)換成由as或because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句)Notknowinghisaddress(=AsIdon’tknowhisaddress),Ican’tsendthisbooktohim.因?yàn)椴恢浪牡刂?我不能把這本書(shū)寄給他。Havingcaught(=BecauseIhadcaught)the7:30train,Igottotheofficeearlierthatday.趕上了7:30的車(chē)，我那天更早地到了辦公室。作狀語(yǔ)4.作讓步狀語(yǔ)Beingtired(=Althoughtheyweretired),theystillwentonworking.盡管很累了,可他們繼續(xù)工作。Livingmilesaway(=Althoughhelivedmilesaway),heattendedthelectureontime.雖然住得好幾英里遠(yuǎn)，但他準(zhǔn)時(shí)參加了會(huì)議。作狀語(yǔ)5.作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,causingseriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.南方下了大雨，引起了幾個(gè)省區(qū)的嚴(yán)重洪災(zāi)。Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,leavingthebreakfastuntouched.他起床很晚并匆忙去上班，結(jié)果飯也沒(méi)吃。作狀語(yǔ)6.作方式、伴隨狀語(yǔ)He

layinbed,reading（andwasreading）anovel.他躺在床上讀小說(shuō)。WhenIwaslittle,mymotherusedtositbymybed,telling(=andtold)mestoriestillIfellasleep.我小時(shí)候,母親常坐在我的床邊,給我講故事直到我入睡語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendoneV-ing的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)v-ing的語(yǔ)法功能1-ing做主語(yǔ)2-ing做表語(yǔ)3-ing做賓語(yǔ)4-ing做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)5-ing做定語(yǔ)6-ing做狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞

考試真題操練()1.Theflowers____sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt()2.Didyoulistentothelecture?Yes,Ihaveneverheardsucha_____one.A.moreexcitingB.moreexcitedC.mostexcitingD.mostexcited()3.Thegirl___________underthattreeismysister.A.sittingB.sitsC.issittingD.sat()4.Therewasterriblenoise___________thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowed

D.beingfollowed()5.The?lady?said?she?would?buy?a?gift?for?her?daughter?with?the?_____.?A.20?dollars?remained????B.20?dollars?to?remain?C.remained?20?dollars?????D.remaining?20?dollars.?()6.The?wild?flowers?looked?like?a?soft?orange?blanket?______?the?desert.?A.covering???B.covered?????C.cover?????D.to?cover?單句語(yǔ)法填空1.【2021·全國(guó)甲卷】Itispossible43(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.Key:towalk考查動(dòng)詞不定式。此處為句型“i