Unit4NaturalDisastersReadingandThinking課文逐句理解課件高中英語人教版

B1U4ReadingComprehension

課文逐句理解+知識點拓展

Thenighttheearthdidn’tsleepStrangethingswerehappening

inthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.課文逐句理解+知識點拓展語言積累：inthecountryside

在鄉(xiāng)下northeastern[?n?:θ'i:st?n]adj.（在）東北的；向東北的在河北東北的農(nóng)村地區(qū)發(fā)生了一些奇怪的事情。Forseveraldays,thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.連續(xù)數(shù)日，村子水井里的水漲漲落落，漲漲落落。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展welladv.好，出色地Welldone!干得好！

adj.健康的Mayyougetwellsoon!愿你早日康復(fù)！(應(yīng)用文)

int.（語氣詞）嗯；不過；好了；那么；算了

n.井；樓梯井

v.涌出

Tearswelledupinhereyes.她熱淚盈眶（續(xù)寫佳句）rise--rose-risen-rising上升；提高rose玫瑰

rosyadj.粉紅色的/紅潤的/愉快的/美好的/樂觀的Mayyouhavearosyfuture.愿你前程似錦。(應(yīng)用文)Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.井壁上出現(xiàn)了很深的裂縫。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展語法精講：that引導(dǎo)的是

什么從句？

為什么用that引導(dǎo)？解析：that引導(dǎo)的是定語從句依據(jù)：that從句位于名詞cracks后,起修飾限定的作用,故為定從引導(dǎo)詞用that的原因：cracks(_____

)appearedinthewellwalls.從句缺主語--指代cracks，指物---因此可用that/which來引導(dǎo)課文逐句理解+知識點拓展語言積累1：atleast至少

little-less-leastatmost至多many-more-most語言積累2：smelly[?smeli]adj.難聞的smellv.聞到；察覺到n.臭味；嗅覺smell--smelt-smelt-smellingDinnersmellsgood.飯菜聞起來很香。（續(xù)寫佳句）Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeatanddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.雞甚至豬都太緊張了而吃不下東西，狗也拒絕進入建筑物。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展知識點積累：refuse[r??fju?z,?refju?s]v.拒絕；回絕refusetodosth拒絕做某事

refusal[r??fju?zl]n.拒絕；aflatrefusal一個斷然的拒絕Hegavemeaflatrefusal.他斷然拒絕了我。（續(xù)寫）Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohideandfishjumpedoutofthewater.老鼠跑出田野，尋找藏身的地方，魚跳出了水面。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展語言積累：field[fi?ld]n.田地；運動場；戰(zhàn)場；領(lǐng)域Atabout3:00a.m.on28July1976,brightlightswereseenintheskyoutsidethecityofTangshanandloudnoiseswereheard.1976年7月28日凌晨3時左右，在唐山市外的天空中看到亮光，并聽到巨大的噪音。Butthecity'sonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusualthatnight.但那天晚上，城里的100萬人像往常一樣睡覺。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展語言積累：asusual像往常一樣usualadj.通常的，常見的；平常的，普通的；平時的；unusualadj.特別的，不尋常的；獨特的，別致的At3:42a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.凌晨3點42分，一切都開始搖晃起來。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展知識點積累：begintodo開始做某事shake[?e?k]v.搖動；動搖；顫抖shake-shook-shaken

n.搖動；抖動；顫抖；奶昔eg:Sheshookherheadindisbelief.她難以置信地搖了搖頭。(續(xù)寫)Hewasshakingwithfear.他嚇得發(fā)抖（續(xù)寫佳句）課文逐句理解+知識點拓展語法精講：asif后引導(dǎo)的從句，如果描述的事件是真實的，就用陳述語氣ItseemsasifyouarereallyinterestedinChineseculture.(真實情況，用陳述語氣)asif后引導(dǎo)的從句，如果描述的是不太可能發(fā)生的事情,用虛擬語氣。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展課文逐句理解+知識點拓展Elevenkilometersdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometersawayinBeijing.在城市正下方11公里處，20世紀(jì)最致命的地震之一已經(jīng)開始，這次地震甚至給150多公里外的北京造成了破壞。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展語法精講：that引導(dǎo)的是什么從句？為什么用that引導(dǎo)該從句？語法解析1：quake是名詞---that從句為定語從句語法解析2：觀察aquak___evencauseddamagemorethan.....可知

從句缺主語---主語指代先行詞quake,為事/物---因此用that/which引導(dǎo)Nearlyonethirdofthewholenationfeltit!全國近三分之一的人都感受到了!課文逐句理解+知識點拓展語法精講：1.分?jǐn)?shù)的表達為子基母序（分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞）eg:onefifth五分之一twothirds三分之二threefifths五分之三2.分?jǐn)?shù)詞of結(jié)構(gòu)+n作主語,謂語v的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于該n的單復(fù)數(shù)eg:Threefifthsofthestudentslikestudyinggeographyeg:Threefifthsofthewater

hasbeenpollutedAhugecrack,eightkilometreslongand

30metreswide,cutacrosshouses,roads,andwaterways.一條長8公里、有30米寬的巨大裂縫橫跨房屋、道路和水道。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展longadv.長時間地；很久地；（多）長（時間）eg：我認識她很長時間了Ihaveknownherlonglongadj.長的；長期的；長音的eg:我累了。這一天可真夠長的I'mwornout.It'sbeenalongday.

longv.渴望longtodosth渴望做某事longforsth渴望得到某事物eg:我渴望再次見到你Ilongtoseeyouagain.eg:我渴望自由

Ilongforfreedom“長

寬

高”的詞形變化及使用Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.

Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.堅硬的巖石山變成了骯臟的河流。不到一分鐘,一座大城市變成了廢墟。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展基礎(chǔ)知識：ruinn.毀壞；廢墟

eg:Hewasdeterminedtobuildanewlifeoutoftheruinsofhiscareer.

他決心從事業(yè)失敗中爬起來，重新開始新的生活。ruinv.毀壞eg:惡劣天氣毀掉了我們的旅行。Thebadweatherruinedourtrip.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.居住在那里的人有三分之二死亡或受傷。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展語法精講：who引導(dǎo)的是什么從句？為什么用who引導(dǎo)？解析1：從句wholivedthere位于n之后---是定語從句解析2：people(

__livedthere)

從句缺主語--且主語指代先行詞people,指人--用who引導(dǎo)定語從句練習(xí)題Sheisagirlwhoisbeautiful.She,

whoisourheadteacher,isMissHeThepeoplewhoImetyesterdaywanttobuythehouse.Houseswhichisnexttothelakeisexpensive.Hisbestmovie,which

winsseveralawards,isaboutwildlife.n后-定從--從句缺主/賓--指人--用whon后-定從--從句缺主/賓--指事物--用which非限制性定語從句，不能用thatThousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.成千上萬的孩子失去了父母。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.地震中死亡或重傷的人數(shù)超過40萬課文逐句理解+知識點拓展語法精講：who引導(dǎo)的是什么從句？為什么用who引導(dǎo)？解析1：從句位于n之后---是定語從句解析2：people(

__

werekilled.....

)

從句缺主語--且主語指代先行詞people,指人--用who引導(dǎo)基礎(chǔ)知識:thenumberof+n作主語,表示“...的數(shù)量”，謂語動詞用單數(shù)

anumberof+ns作主語，表示“大量的...”謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)第三段：Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.About75percentofthecity'sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofitshomesandallofitshospitalsweregone.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves,butnowindcouldblowthemaway.Mostbridgeshadfallenorwerenotsafetocross.Therailwaytrackswerenowuselesspiecesofmetal.Tensofthousandsofcowshundredsofthousandsofpigsandmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereinshock-andthen.laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.Evenmorebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.幸存者們向四周看看，除了廢墟什么也沒有。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.About75percentofthecity'sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofitshomesandallofitshospitalsweregone.這座城市幾乎所有的東西都被摧毀了。該市約75%的工廠和建筑、90%的住宅和所有的醫(yī)院都消失了。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展知識點講解：goneadj.用完的,用光的;死了的,滅絕的;離去的,不在某處的;不復(fù)存在的；eg:Unfortunately,thosedaysaregoneforever.遺憾的是，那些日子一去不復(fù)返了。Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves,butnowindcouldblowthemaway.磚塊像紅色的秋葉一樣覆蓋著地面，但沒有風(fēng)可以把它們吹走。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展語言積累：like多層意思知多少？prep.像,好比;大約

He'sverylikehisfather.他很像他的父親likev.喜歡,想要AtweekendsIliketosleeplate.周末我愛睡懶覺。conj.像,如同Itdidn'tturnoutlikeIintended.這結(jié)果與我的本意相悖。Weallhavedifferentlikesanddislikes.我們各有不同的好惡。It’shardtomeetpeopleoflikemind很難遇見志趣相投的人adv.大概,可能,像Itwas,like,weird.這事兒可能是有點怪。Mostbridgeshadfallenorwerenotsafetocross.大多數(shù)橋梁已經(jīng)垮塌或無法安全通過。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展詞匯精講：bridgen.橋梁；紐帶

v.在…上架橋bridgethe?gapbetweenAandB消除A和B的隔閡;將A和B結(jié)合起來Theartistbridgedthegapbetweeneasternandwesternculture.這位藝術(shù)家

將東西方文化結(jié)合了起來。句式學(xué)習(xí)：主語beadjtodo主語是...去做某事的我很容易相處

Iameasytogetalongwith這些問題難以解決

TheseproblemsaredifficulttosolveTherailwaytrackswerenowuselesspiecesofmetal.鐵軌現(xiàn)在成了無用的金屬碎片。Tensofthousandsofcowshundredsofthousandsofpigsandmillionsofchickensweredead.數(shù)以萬計的牛、幾十萬頭豬和數(shù)百萬只雞都死了。Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater現(xiàn)在井里裝滿了沙子而不是水。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展Peoplewereinshock-andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.人們震驚了，然后,當(dāng)天下午晚些時候，唐山又發(fā)生了一次大地震。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展shock知識點積累：1.處于震驚中：inshockIaminshock.我驚呆了2.對某事感到震驚：beshockedatsthIamshockedatthebeautifulviewofMountTai

我被泰山的美景震撼到了3震驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)：beshockedtofindthat...Iamshockedtofindthateverythingisgone.我震驚的發(fā)現(xiàn)一切都消失了4.令某人震驚的是：toone’sshockTomyshock,theathletedidn’twinagoldmedal使我震驚的是，這位運動員沒有獲得金牌。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展Evenmorebuildingsfelldown.

甚至更多的建筑物倒塌了課文逐句理解+知識點拓展Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.水、食品和電是很難得到的句式：主語beadjtodo主語是...去做某事的Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.人們開始想知道這場災(zāi)難會持續(xù)多久。詞匯學(xué)習(xí)2：lastv.持續(xù)Theexhibition,whichwilllasttwohours,willbeafeastfortheeyes.

這次將持續(xù)2小時的展覽會是一場視覺盛宴。第四段：

Buthopewasnotlost.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150.000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Morethan10,000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Waterandfoodwerebroughtintothecitybytrain,truck,andplane.Slowly.thecitybegantobreatheagain.Buthopewasnotlost.但是希望并沒有喪失。（仍有希望）課文逐句理解+知識點拓展詞匯精講：lostadj迷路的/失去的/不知所措的/全神貫注的/輸了的eg:Iwouldbelostwithoutyourhelp.沒有你的幫助，我就會不知所措eg:Heislostinreadingnovels.他沉迷于讀小說。lostv.丟失/失去/輸?shù)簦╨ose的過去式和過去分詞形式）lose-lost-losteg:loseyourhair/teeth脫發(fā)；掉牙Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150.000soldierstoTangshantodigout

thosewhoweretrappedandtobury

thedead.地震發(fā)生后不久,軍隊派遣了15萬士兵到唐山挖出被困的人并埋葬死者。課文逐句理解+知識點拓展基礎(chǔ)知識積累：soonafter不久以后army軍隊digout挖出betrapped被困bury埋葬t(yī)hedead死者語法知識：....todigoutthosewhoweretrapped......

who引導(dǎo)的是定語從句

依據(jù)：名詞或代詞后起修飾限定作用的從句是定語從句。

Morethan10,000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare.超過1萬名醫(yī)生和護士前來提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)課文逐句理解+知識點拓展知識拓展：morethan+數(shù)詞

表示“超過”morethan+名詞

表示“不僅僅”SheismoreourEnglishteacher她不僅僅是我們的英語老師。morethan+adj表示“非?！盜ammorethandelightedtoinviteyoutoparticipateinalecture.我非常高興地邀請你參加一個講座。（應(yīng)用文--邀請信高分句）課文逐句理解+知識點拓展Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors

whosehomeshadbeendestroyed.工人們?yōu)榉课荼粴У男掖嬲呓ㄔ炝吮茈y所。語法學(xué)習(xí)：survivors

whosehomeshadbeendestroyedwhose引導(dǎo)的是定語從句依據(jù)：位于名詞后，起修飾限定的作用的是定語從句。思考：為什么用whose引導(dǎo)從句？解析：survivors

(_____)homeshadbeendestroyed

先行詞?主語

謂語

（被動語態(tài)不需賓語）定語從句不缺主語/賓語--缺定語，意為“...的”,從句與先行詞是所屬關(guān)系,用whose語法練習(xí)：Thelecture(whosethemeisReading)willbeofgreatbenefittous.這個主題為“閱讀”的講座將對我們大有裨益。解析：從句位于名詞后，起修飾限定的作用，是定語從句定語從句--缺定語（從句與先行詞是所屬關(guān)系）--用whose引導(dǎo)It'sthehousewhosedoorispaintedred.這就是那所門涂成紅色的房課文逐句理解+知識點拓展Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.成千上萬的人得到了幫助.(bedone是謂語形式的被動)Waterandfoodwerebroughtintothecitybytrain,truck,andplane.水和食物由火車、卡車和飛機運入城市。Slowly,the