非謂語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

非謂語(yǔ)、獨(dú)立主格非謂語(yǔ)Icamehereatsix.簡(jiǎn)單句Icamehereatsixtomeethim.不定式作非謂語(yǔ)Icamehereatsix,carryingmynotebook.動(dòng)名詞作非謂語(yǔ)Icamehereatsix,worried.分詞作非謂語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)的三種形式不定式todoTobeornottobe,thatisaquestion.動(dòng)名詞doingSeeingisbelieving.分詞doing/done（現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞）(Wewere)Borntowin.Diligenceisthepathleadingtohappiness.不定式1）不定式在句中的作用Nottoadvanceistogoback.主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)Hepromisednottotellanyoneaboutit.賓語(yǔ)Mydreamtobecomeastarnevercametrue.定語(yǔ)Englishisdifficulttolearn.補(bǔ)語(yǔ)Shecameatlast,onlytofindthereisnothingtoeat.狀語(yǔ)Idon’tknowwhattodo.賓語(yǔ)Totellyouthetruth,Idon’tquitelikethemovie.狀語(yǔ)2）不定式的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)四種形式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般式todotobedone完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone進(jìn)行式tobedoing/完成進(jìn)行式tohavebeendoing/3）不定式5大易犯錯(cuò)誤=1\*GB3①.That’snormaltomakemistakes.wrong把that改成itIt’snormaltomakemistakes.形式主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)It+todosth.(形式主語(yǔ))It’salwayseasytosaybuthardtodo.Ifindithardtohatehim.形式賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)=2\*GB3②Idon’tknowiftohelphimornot.WrongIdon’tknowwhethertohelphimornot.表示是否時(shí)，只能用whether,不用ifv.+(what/who/which/how/when/where/whether)+todo=3\*GB3③.Iappreciateyoutohelpmesomuch.Wrongappreciate后不能加不定式應(yīng)改成：Iappreciateyourhelping.Iappreciateyourhelp.這些動(dòng)詞后只能加不定式afford,aim,appear,bother,care,happen,force,permit,enable,longdesire,determine,expect,hope,promise,fail,hesitate,prepare,pretend,refuse,endeavor,seem,tend,ought,…can’thelp,feellike,putoff,giveup,keeponobjectto,payattentionto,stickto,getdownto開(kāi)始認(rèn)真做,be[get]usedto習(xí)慣于,leadto導(dǎo)致,bedevotedto致力于，專(zhuān)用于，taketo開(kāi)始喜歡做,beopposedto,這里的to都是介詞，因此后面加動(dòng)名詞=3\*GB3③這些表達(dá)后it'snogood;it'sno/little/hardlyanyuse;it‘sworthwhile;spendmoney/time;there’snopointin(干某事沒(méi)有意義);there'snothingworsethan...3．動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般形式：IlikewatchingTV.doing完成形式：Iregretnothavingtakenyouradvice.havingdone被動(dòng)形式：Thisquestionisfarfrombeingsettled.beingdone真題鏈接89.Welookforwardto(被邀請(qǐng)出席開(kāi)幕式).(2010-06)beinginvitedtoattendtheopeningceremony48. Thematchwascancelledbecausemostofthemembers________amatchwithoutastandardcourt.（1991-6）A)objectedtohavingB)wereobjectedtohaveC)objectedtohaveD)wereobjectedtohaving68.Shewassoangrythatshefeltlike.somethingathim.（1992-6）A).tothrowB)throwingC)tohavethrownD)havingthrown51. Iappreciate________toyourhome.(1991-6)A)tobeinvitedB)tohaveinvitedC)havinginvitedD)beinginvited69.Ourmoderncivilizationmustnotbethoughtofasinashortperiodoftime.(cet4)A)beingcreatedB)tohavebeencreatedC))havingbeencreatedD)tobecreated補(bǔ)充1:動(dòng)名詞與不定式都可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)，它們有什么區(qū)別？Swimmingismyfavoritesport.ToswimwithJaneiswhatI’mgoingtodothisafternoon.動(dòng)名詞：泛指的、經(jīng)常性的不定式：具體的、一次性的、將來(lái)的補(bǔ)充2：這些動(dòng)詞后即可加不定式，也可加動(dòng)名詞，有什么區(qū)別=1\*GB3①.demand,deserve,need,require,want表需要的動(dòng)詞v.+doing/tobedone意思一致，無(wú)區(qū)別Mycarneedsrepairing.=Mycarneedstoberepaired.48. Yourhairwants________.You’dbetterhaveitdonetomorrow.（1997-6）A)cutB)tocutC)cuttingD)beingcut也可以說(shuō)tobecut=2\*GB3②.remember,forget,regret,v.+不定式，表示記得/忘記/后悔/…要去做某事v.+動(dòng)名詞，表示記得/忘記/后悔…做過(guò)某事64. Johnregretted________tothemeetinglastweek.(1990-1)A)notgoingB)nottogoC)nothavingbeengoingD)nottobegoing43. I’llneverforget________youforthefirsttime.(2001-1)A)tomeetB)meetingC)tohavemetD)havingtobemeetingDon’tforgettowalkthedogwhileIamaway,(1993-1)=3\*GB3③.stop,continue,goonv+不定式，表示停下/繼續(xù)去做另一事v+動(dòng)名詞，表示停下/繼續(xù)正在做的事(2005-1)Tonyshouldcontinuetakingthecourse.現(xiàn)在上課，繼續(xù)上課Theywillcontinuetoexistalongwithon-lineeducation.以前不存在，現(xiàn)在有了，并且將繼續(xù)存在=4\*GB3④.trytry+不定式，表示作了一番努力，試圖完成某事try+動(dòng)名詞，表示做某事試試(看有什么效果)。I’lltrytocometomorrow.我明天設(shè)法來(lái)。Let’stryknockingatthebackdoor.咱們敲敲后門(mén)試試。=5\*GB3⑤.meanmean+不定式，表示打算(想要)做某事mean+動(dòng)名詞，表示意味著…Hedidnotmeantohurtyou.他不是有意要傷害你。Thisillnesswillmeangoingtohospital.得了這種病就意味著要住院。分詞現(xiàn)在分詞doing：表示主動(dòng)的，正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作過(guò)去分詞done：表示被動(dòng)的，已完成的動(dòng)作分詞在句中的作用afallenleafafallingleaf作定語(yǔ)修飾leaf,看動(dòng)作進(jìn)行中還是已完成決定Thereisnothingleft.Thereisnothinginteresting.作nothing補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，看分詞與nothing的關(guān)系決定Shelookedtiredwithcooking.Youareamazing.作表語(yǔ)，看分詞與主語(yǔ)的主被動(dòng)關(guān)系決定Havingalreadybeentoldmanytimes,hefinallychangethebadhabit.Notreceivinganyletterfromhim,Igavehimacall.作狀語(yǔ)，看分詞與主句主語(yǔ)的主被動(dòng)關(guān)系作插入語(yǔ)Generallyspeaking,talkingof…judgingfrom…真題鏈接inthisway,thesituationdoesn’tseemsodisappointing.(2000-01)A)TolookatB)LookingatC)LookedatD)Tobelookedat47. ________withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.（1990-1）A)WhencomparedB)CompareC)WhilecomparingD)Comparing46. ________inarecentsciencecompetition,thethreestudentswereawardedscholarshipstotaling$21,000.(2001-1)A)JudgedthebestB)JudgingthebestC)TobejudgedthebestD)Havingjudgedthebest獨(dú)立主格Hewentoff,holdingaguninhishand.非謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)一致Hewentoff,gunheldinhand.獨(dú)立主格，帶有自己主語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)Hewentoff,guninhand.獨(dú)立主格，帶有自己主語(yǔ)在分句部分有自己的主語(yǔ)的，叫做獨(dú)立主格分詞主被動(dòng)取決于與其主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系真題鏈接68. Anewtechn