選修八Unit5知能演練輕松奪冠

Ⅰ.完形填空Sincethe1990s，theSanjiangPlainarea，withatotalarablelandareaof3.5millionhectares，hassufferedworseningdroughts.Theworst__1__struckasmuchas40percentofitsfarmland，andtherearenowmorethan808,000hectaresoffarmlandthatarevulnerable(易受攻擊的)todroughts.Scientistssaida(n)__2__indroughts，floodsandsandstormsinnorthernChinainrecentyears__3__theshrinkingwetlands.“Asthecountry’slargestecological__4__，environmentalprotectioninHeilongjiangProvincehashuge__5__onnortheasternandnorthernChina，”saidSunYao，vicegovernorofHeilongjiangProvince.ManyriversandwatersystemsinHeilongjiang__6__neighboring__7__，sotheecologicaleffectstretchesbeyondChina’sborders，hesaid.Andhe__8__thatHeilongjiang，__9__theSanjiangPlain，alsoisimportanttoChina’sfoodandenergysecurityfuture.Expertssaidthe__10__inSanjiangPlainareconsidered__11__importantandrepresentoneofthemostimportantbreedingsitesforwaterfowl(水鳥)．Thewetlandsarealso__12__forthenumbersandspeciesofglobally__13__waterfowl.Now，theChinesegovernmenthasrealizedthatitmustspeedupitseffortsto__14__itswetlands.ApioneerofwetlandsprotectioninChina，theHeilongjiangprovincialgovernmenthas__15__anycultivationandexcavationofwetlandssince1999.【文章大意】本文主要介紹黑龍江三江平原濕地減少的現狀以及原因。1．A.flood B．droughtC．famine D．earthquake解析：選B。詞義復現。由本文第一段可知，該空講述的是干旱所帶來的災害。2．A.increase B．decreaseC．limit D．change解析：選A。句意：近年來華北地區(qū)干旱、洪水以及沙塵暴的增加導致了濕地的減少。因此，只有A項符合題意。3．A.resultsfrom B．leadstoC．liesin D．catersto解析：選B。leadto導致；帶來；resultfrom因為……；liein在于……；caterto迎合……。4．A.province B．townC．nation D．city解析：選A。考查常識。黑龍江是一個省。而不是鎮(zhèn)、城市或國家。5．A.habits B．effectsC．causes D．relation解析：選B。haveeffectson是固定搭配，表示“對……有影響”。6．A.arrive B．comeC．reach D．attach解析：選C。指黑龍江的河流及水域系統(tǒng)延伸到(reach)其鄰近國家，A、B選項是不及物動詞，搭配不符，D意思不符。7．A.Britain B．AmericaC．Japan D．Russia解析：選D?？疾槌ＷR。根據前面的“neighboring”一詞可知，只有D合理，即與中國相鄰，且黑龍江的水系能夠到達的國家是俄羅斯。8．A.explained B．addedC．thought D．argued解析：選B。add在這里表示“補充說，又說道”。9．A.specially B．naturallyC．necessarily D．especially解析：選D。句意：黑龍江(尤其是三江平原)對于中國的糧食和能源安全來說是很重要的。specially表示“特殊地”；naturally“自然地”；necessarily“必然地”。10．A.droughts B．floodsC．wetlands D．sandstorms解析：選C。下面講的是濕地對于水鳥的重要性。11．A.globally B．finallyC．naturally D．totally解析：選A。globally“全球地，全世界地”，意指三江平原具有重要意義。12．A.difficult B．easyC．terrible D．significant解析：選D。講述濕地對水鳥的數量以及物種有著重要的意義，其它選項與文意不相符。13．A.detailed B．threatenedC．attacked D．bored解析：選B。threatened意為“受到威脅的”，指因干旱濕地減少，從而使水鳥受到威脅。14．A.create B．riseC．save D．produce解析：選C。下面幾句話講的是有關方面對拯救(保護)濕地做出的努力，而不是創(chuàng)造濕地。15．A.stopped B．startedC．banned D．promoted解析：選C。即禁止對濕地進行耕種和挖掘。Ⅱ.語法填空WhenverysmalldinosaurboneswerefoundinaGermanyminepeoplethoughttheywerefrombabydinosaurs.1.____________scientistMartinSander’sworkshowsthattheywereprobablyfully2.____________(grow)andbelongtothesmallestgiantdinosaurspecieseverfound.Growthmarksondinosaurbonesaresimilar3.____________growthringsontrees.Theringsarefarapartwhiletheanimalisyoungandgrowingquickly.4.____________getcloserasgrowthslows.“Itis5.____________(exact)thesetightringmarksthatwefoundinthefossil(化石)bones，”saysSander.Sothefossilsmusthavebeenfromadultanimals.6．____________wasthisGermandinosaursomuchsmallerthanothergiantdinosaurs,whichgrewupto45metreslongandweighedasmuchasathousandhumans？150millionyearsago,mostofGermanywasunderwater.Scientiststhinkthat7.____________waterlevelsrose,therewaslessandlesslandandfoodavailable.Thedinosaur8.____________(force)toadaptandevolvedintoasmalleranimal9.____________(need)lessspaceandfood.Since1998,scientistshavedugupmorethan1,000dinosaurfossilsinthemine.Itisoneofthefewplacesintheworld10.____________thebonesandfootprintsofdinosaurshavebeenfoundtogether.【文章大意】本文講述德國煤礦工人發(fā)現了很小的恐龍化石，科學家MartinSander經研究發(fā)現它已經完全成長成熟，屬于一種最小型的恐龍物種。1．解析：考查連詞。兩句之間的babydinosaurs與fullygrown是完全不同的兩個方面。句子間是轉折的邏輯關系。答案：But2．解析：考查非謂語。that后已經有連系動詞were，所以只能作非謂語，“已經完全成長成熟”，用過去分詞作表語形容詞表示完成的動作。答案：grown3．解析：考查介詞。詞組搭配：besimilarto對……很熟悉。答案：to4．解析：考查代詞。句子是一個簡單句，缺少主語，用代詞；指代上文的growthrings，指事物的復數，所以用they。答案：They5．解析：考查副詞。從句子結構上分析，句子不缺少成分，從意思上分析“我們在恐龍骨頭化石里發(fā)現的正是緊密的年齡紋”exactly作“正是”意思，修飾整個句子。答案：exactly6．解析：考查疑問副詞。句子的結尾是一個問號，把句子變成陳述句thisGermandinosaurwassomuchsmallerthanothergiantdinosaurs發(fā)現不缺少主要成分，根據上下文可知意思應該是疑問“為什么”所以用why。答案：Why7．解析：考查連詞。that后有兩個謂語結構：rose和therewas...所以需要連詞連接兩個句子。從句子結構分析：句子不缺少主語、賓語或表語。從意思上分析：“當水平面上升的時候……”是狀語從句，用when。答案：as/when8．解析：考查謂語。從句子結構分析：橫線后有并列謂語andevolvedinto，所以force也作謂語，用相同的時態(tài)，“被迫改變”表示被動，用被動語態(tài)。答案：wasforced9．解析：考查非謂語。從句子結構分析：句子已經有并列謂語wasforcedandevolvedinto，所以need只能作非謂語。它與邏輯主語Thedinosaur構成主動關系，所以用v.-ing形式。答案：needing10．解析：考查連詞。橫線前后有兩個謂語結構is和havebeenfound，句子里沒有連詞或分號，所以要補充連詞。橫線后不缺少主語、賓語。分析句子成分：句子屬于定語從句，先行詞指地點，所以用where。答案：whereⅢ.閱讀理解AAlthoughWuHuifeiwasonlyaconcubine(妃子)ofTangXuanzong(685AD～762AD)，thesixthemperoroftheTangDynasty，herinfluencewasfargreaterthanmostinherposition.Historianssaythattherulerlovedhersomuchthat，in724AD，hebanishedhiswifeandmadeWuaroyalconcubine.“Althoughshewasonlyaconcubine，shewastreatedasanempress，”explainedShiXiaoqun，directorofrelicscollectionforShaanxiHistoryMuseum.“TangXuanzongevenwantedtomakeherhisempressbutwasopposedbytheministers.”TheemperorhadthousandsofconcubinesinhispalaceinChang’an(nowcalledXi’an，capitalofShaanxiProvince)but，accordingtoShi，heonlylovedWu，themotherofsevenofhischildren.WudiedintheDecemberof737ADattheageof38andwasburiedinJinglingMausoleum.ShewasgiventhetitleEmpressZhenshunafterherdeath.“It’srareforaconcubinetobegivensomuchposthumous(死后獲得的)honourinthehistoryofChinesefeudalsociety，”saidLiuDaiyun，researchdirectorattheShaanxiArchaeologicalResearchInstitute.Hertomb－53meterswideby56meterslong－islocatedinthewestofPangliuvillage，whichispartofXi’an’sChang’anDistrict.Therecoveredsarcophagus(石棺)is4meterslong,2meterswideand2meterstallandisdecoratedwithflowersandmaidenfigures，whicharchaeologistssayisarareculturalrelicofhighscientific，historicalandartisticvalue.Inancienttimes，asarcophaguswasusedtohousewoodcoffinsinordertopreservethebodyofthenobleperson.“IknewitwaspreciousbutIdidn’tknowitwassobeautiful，”saidHanQinglong，whoheadedtheteamthatbroughttherelicbacktoChinafouryearsafteritwasstolenandsoldabroadbytombraiders.【文章大意】歷史上武惠妃受到唐玄宗的寵愛并產生巨大影響，死后更享有一般妃子無法企及的殊榮。這一點從發(fā)掘出的武惠妃的陵墓和其石棺的豪華程度就可以窺見一斑。1．Theunderlinedword“banished”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto“________”．A．killed B．removedC．divorced D．persuaded解析：選B。詞義猜測題。根據上下文判斷，唐玄宗如此寵愛武惠妃所以他趕走皇后，想立武惠妃做皇后。banish在本句中有“驅逐，趕走”之意。2．Thepassagemainlyfocuseson________.A．thelifestoryofWuHuifeiB．thereasonwhyWuHuifeiwasfavouredbyTangXuanzongC．thescientific，historicalandartisticvalueoftherecoveredsarcophagusofWuHuifeiD．theinfluenceofWuHuifeiandherposthumoushonour解析：選D。主旨大意題。本文主要圍繞武惠妃生前受到唐玄宗的寵愛并產生巨大影響及死后所享有的殊榮而展開敘述的，故選D項。3．WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutWuHuifeiisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Shewasn’tmadeempressbyTangXuanzongbecauseoftheoppositionfromtheministers.B．Shewasbornin737ADanddiedin775AD.C．NootherwomanhasagreaterinfluenceonChinesehistorythanshedoes.D．Likemanyconcubines，shewasgivenmuchhonourafterherdeath.解析：選A。由第三段最后一句可知，由于群臣反對，武惠妃沒能被冊封為皇后。4．WecaninferfromthepassagethatthesarcophagusofWuHuifei________.A．hasbeenwellpreservedinJinglingMausoleumB．isusedtoholdherbodyC．isasymbolofherhighstatusatthattimeD．wassoldabroadfouryearsago解析：選C。推理判斷題。根據文章倒數第二段中對武惠妃石棺的描述可推知武惠妃的石棺是那時她崇高地位的象征。5．Theauthor’sattitudetowardsWuHuifeiis________.A．objective B．positiveC．negative D．critical解析：選A。推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，作者對武惠妃的描述是客觀的。BNewarchaeologicaldiscoverssuggestthattradebetweenEuropeandAsiaalongtheSilkRoadprobablybeganinsomeformmanycenturiesearlierthanoncethought.Thefindings，coupledwithawideningrangeofscientificandhistoricalresearchcouldaddafascinatingnewpagetotheepicoftheSilkRoad.ThemostsurprisingdiscoveryispiecesofsilkfoundinthehairofanEgyptianmummyfromabout1000BC，longbeforeregulartrafficontheSilkRoadandatleastonethousandyearsbeforesilkwaspreviouslythoughttobeusedinEgypt.Otherresearchmayextendhumanactivityalongthisroutebackevenfurther，perhapsamillionyearstothemigrationofhumanancestorsintoeasternAsia.TheofficialoriginofEast-Westcommercealongtheroadisusuallyplacedinthelate2ndcenturyBCwhenanagentoftheChineseEmperorWu-direturnedfromadangeroussecretmission(使命)acrossthewesterndesertintotheremotehighcountryofCentralAsia.Theagent，ZhangQian，travelledasfarasAfghanistanandbroughtbackknowledgeofevenmoredistantlandssuchasPersia，SyriaandaplaceknownasLijien.Historianshavecalledthisoneofthemostimportantjourneysinancienttimes.Hisjourneyopenedthewayforwhathavebeenthoughttobethefirstindirectcontactsbetweentheancientworld’stwosuperpowers，ChinaandRome.Chinesesilk，firsttradedtocentralAsiantribesforwarhorsesandtotheParthiansofoldPersiainexchangeforacrobatsandostricheggs，wassoonfindingitswaythroughanetworkofmerchantstotheluxurymarketsinRome.ButthenewdiscoveriesshowthatChinesesilkwasapparentlypresentintheWestlongbeforetheHanemperorstartedorganizedtradeovertheSilkRoad.TheresearchcouldchangethethinkingabouttheearlyhistoryofworldtradeandprovideinsightsintothemysteryofjusthowandwhenEuropeandtheMediterraneanlandsfirstbecameawareofthegloriouscultureattheotherendofEurasia.【文章大意】本文是介紹最新考古發(fā)現的說明文。從文中可以看出我們原以為的絲綢之路的歷史實際上可能會更早。6．Theunderlinedword“coupled”inthefirstparagraphcouldbestbereplacedby________.A．produced B．contributedC．doubled D．combined解析：選D。詞義理解題。根據第一段可知：新的考古發(fā)現表明歷史上的歐亞之間的絲綢之路開始的歷史要比我們知道的還要早?？脊诺陌l(fā)現結合“coupled”科學和歷史的研究，會給絲綢之路的歷史翻開嶄新的一頁。7．ThesilkthreadfoundinthehairofanEgyptianmummysuggeststhat________.A．EgyptianshadprobablytravelledtoChinatobuysilkB．tradealongtheSilkRoadbeganearliertha