山東省泰安市高三下學(xué)期一模英語(yǔ)試題

高三一輪檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng).用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并收回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVolunteersinPolicing（Vips）arebasedinpolicewheretheyworktodealwithcustomerservice,munitysafetyandcrimepreventionneedsinthemunity.Therangeoftaskstheyundertakeplements（補(bǔ)充）therolesandresponsibilitiesofpaidpoliceofficersandstaffmembers.Whytovolunteer?VolunteeringyourtimeasaVipoffersyoutheopportunityto:?Helppoliceofficersreducecrimeandimprovemunitysafety?Gainpersonalsatisfactionandasenseofpridethatefromdoingsomethingworthwhileforyourmunity?Useyourexistingknowledgetohelpothersandgainvaluablenewskills?Meetnewpeople,makenewfriendsandgettoknowyourlocalmunity?GainvaluableworkexperienceandimproveyouremploymentprospectsWhataretherequirementsfortheprogram?Applicantsmustmeetthefollowingrequirementsfortheprogram:?Be18yearsoldandover?Willingtoparticipateinanecessarytrainingprogram?AgreetotheQueenslandPoliceServicecarryingoutacriminalhistorycheck?Preparedtoparticipateintheprogramforatleast12monthsHowdoIjointheprogram?VolunteersinterestedinjoiningtheprogramcancontacttheDistrictCrimePreventionCoordinatorfortheareainwhichtheylivetogetanapplicationformandfurtherinformationabouttheprogram.Thesecontactdetailscanbefoundonthe“ContactDetails”link.Alternatively,applicantscanpletetheapplicationformbelowandsendittothedistrictofficeinpersonorbymail.Pleasenote:Electronicformswillnotbeacceptedandtheformmustbeprintedbeforesigning.1.WhichofthefollowingisthebenefitofbeingaVip?A.Gainingmoreskillsandworkexperience.B.Beingrichandfamoussoon.C.Gainingsatisfactionfromfamily.D.Gettingajobofferfromthelocalgovernment.2.IfyouwanttobeaVip,youmust________.A.possessrelatedexperienceB.carryoutacriminalhistorycheckinadvanceC.promisetoworkthereforovertwoyearsD.agreetoreceivetraining3.Whataretheapplicantsrequiredtodotojointheprogram?A.Gotothedistrictofficeinperson.B.Handinapaperapplicationform.C.FillinaformontheContactDetails'link.D.Sendanemailtointroduceoneselfbriefly.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章就為警察局招募志愿服務(wù)人員的事項(xiàng)從為什么要招志愿者、具體要求和怎么申報(bào)三方面做了說(shuō)明。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一部分“Whytovolunteer?”中的第三點(diǎn)“Useyourexistingknowledgetohelpothersandgainvaluablenewskills”（用你現(xiàn)有的知識(shí)去幫助他人，并能獲得珍貴的新的技能）和第五點(diǎn)“Gainvaluableworkexperienceandimproveyouremploymentprospects”（獲得寶貴的工作經(jīng)歷，改善你的就業(yè)前途）可知，在警察局作志愿者的好處是獲得更多技能和工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二部分“Whataretherequirementsfortheprogram?”中的第二點(diǎn)“Willingtoparticipateinanecessarytrainingprogram”（愿意參加一個(gè)必要的培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目）可知，D項(xiàng)“agreetoreceivetraining”（同意接受培訓(xùn)）與原文表述一致。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Alternatively,applicantscanpletetheapplicationformbelowandsendittothedistrictofficeinpersonorbymail.Pleasenote:Electronicformswillnotbeacceptedandtheformmustbeprintedbeforesigning.”（或者，申請(qǐng)者可以完成下面的表格，然后親自送到區(qū)辦公室或把表格郵寄過(guò)去。請(qǐng)注意：拒收電子表格，表格須先打印，然后簽名。）可知，申請(qǐng)者必須上交紙質(zhì)申請(qǐng)表，B項(xiàng)符合原文意思。故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】本文就志愿者服務(wù)報(bào)名申請(qǐng)事項(xiàng)作了說(shuō)明，提倡志愿者精神，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的利他意識(shí)，發(fā)揮自身價(jià)值，也從中受益，鍛煉自己能力。三小題都是細(xì)節(jié)理解題，考察學(xué)生的信息篩選能力。BAmandaKofoedshadfoundastrangelumpinherarmonedayandvisitedadoctoratafriend'surging.Duringthistime,shewasenrolledinschoolforeducationandwascurrentlyuninsuredduetotheexpense.Sheplannedtosavemoneysoshecouldgetonherhusband'sinsuranceandthenseekmedicaltreatmentforthecancer.Herfriendsandfamilydidn'twanthertopostponehertreatmentduetotheexpense.TheytookmattersintotheirownhandsandstartedaGoFundMecampaign.Thefriendcameupwiththecreativeideatospreadthewordandinvitefamily,friends,andstrangerswhowantedtohelptoparticipateinadonationflashmob(快閃行動(dòng)).Theeventstartedanoutpouringofenormousgenerosityfromthelocalmunity.AmandaandherhusbandClinttearedupasthecrowdpassedbyandthedonationspouredin.Thegenerousactofkindnessgavethefamilyaforting,andoptimisticfeelingduringatimewhenallhopeseemedlost.ClintsaidthatAmandastruggledwiththeideaofaskingforhelp.Shefeltguiltyandundeservingparedtootherswhoarealsostruggling.Inthetimesince,Amandahasenrolledinaninsuranceplanandhasfinishedchemotherapy.Lifeforthefamilyhasstartedgettingbacktotheirnormalroutine.OnceAmandagotherstrengthback,shereturnedtoschoolandpletedherbachelor'sdegreeineducation.Sheisnowateacher.Shesaidtheexperiencemotivatedhertoinstill(灌輸)thevalueofcharityinherchildren.Thefamilyisnowinspiredtovolunteerintheirlocalneighborhoodandcontributetocrowdfunding(眾籌)efforts.Theyaregratefulfortheopportunitytogivebackandhelpothersasmanyhavehelpedthem.Thecouplesaidtheyfeelblessedbythestrongsupport.PassItOnwantstocelebratethoseheroesduringthefamily'sdarkesttime.Theseindividualsperfectlydemonstratethevalueofmunity.Itiswiththehelpoftheirgenerositythatthefamilyisnowhappy,healthyandwhole.4.WhydidAmandaKofoedspostponehertreatment?A.Shewasadmittedtoaschool.B.Herfamilycouldn'taffordthemedicalcost.C.Nogooddoctorscouldtreathercancer.D.Herfriendsandfamilyrefusedtoassisther.5.WhatdidherfriendsdotohelpAmandaKofoeds?A.Theystartedadonationflashmob.B.Theyfoundedamunityschool.C.Theysupportedherthroughlocalhospitals.D.Theyfoughtforassistancefromthewholecountry.6.Whichwordbestdescribesthecouple'sfeelingwhenstronglysupported?A.Guilty. B.Satisfied. C.Anxious. D.Grateful.7.WhatcanwelearnfromAmandaKofoeds'story?A.Hardworkpaysoff.B.Thevalueofcharityisgreat.C.Educationisthekeytosuccess.D.Afriendisneverknowntillamanhasneed.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了Amanda患癌后經(jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)，推遲學(xué)業(yè)，推遲治療，她的朋友們知道后為她組織了快速眾籌行動(dòng)，親人朋友們很快籌到錢治病?，F(xiàn)在他們一家感恩，做志愿者回報(bào)社會(huì)。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Sheplannedtosavemoneysoshecouldgetonherhusband'sinsuranceandthenseekmedicaltreatmentforthecancer.(她計(jì)劃省錢，這樣她就可以買丈夫的保險(xiǎn)，然后就可以為癌癥看病了)”及第二段“Herfriendsandfamilydidn'twanthertopostponehertreatmentduetotheexpense.(她的朋友和家人不希望她因?yàn)橘M(fèi)用問(wèn)題而推遲治療)”可知，Amanda經(jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)，負(fù)擔(dān)不起治療費(fèi)用。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thefriendcameupwiththecreativeideatospreadthewordandinvitefamily,friends,andstrangerswhowantedtohelptoparticipateinadonationflashmob(快閃行動(dòng)).(有朋友想出了一個(gè)創(chuàng)意，想要傳播這個(gè)消息，邀請(qǐng)想幫忙的家人、朋友和陌生人參加一個(gè)捐贈(zèng)快閃會(huì))”可知，朋友們?yōu)樗e行了一下慈善捐款快閃行動(dòng)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Shesaidtheexperiencemotivatedhertoinstill(灌輸)thevalueofcharityinherchildren.Thefamilyisnowinspiredtovolunteerintheirlocalneighborhoodandcontributetocrowdfunding(眾籌)efforts.Theyaregratefulfortheopportunitytogivebackandhelpothersasmanyhavehelpedthem.(她說(shuō)這次經(jīng)歷促使她灌輸慈善的價(jià)值給孩子們?，F(xiàn)在全家被鼓舞當(dāng)志愿者在當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū),為眾籌努力。他們很感激有機(jī)會(huì)回報(bào)別人，幫助別人，就像很多人曾經(jīng)幫助過(guò)他們一樣)”可知，Amanda夫婦很感恩。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theseindividualsperfectlydemonstratethevalueofmunity.Itiswiththehelpoftheirgenerositythatthefamilyisnowhappy,healthyandwhole.(這些人完美地展示了社區(qū)的價(jià)值。正是由于他們的慷慨相助，這個(gè)家庭現(xiàn)在才幸福、健康、完整)”并結(jié)合全文可知，全文主旨，慈善的價(jià)值是巨大的。故選B項(xiàng)。CZeroemissionlargepassengeraircraftpoweredbyhydrogenwillbetechnicallyavailableinfiveyears,accordingtoAirbus,buttheywillnotenterserviceforatleastadecadeasthepriceofthefuelneedstoedown.ThepredictionesfromGlennLlewellyn,vicepresidentofzeroemissiontechnologyatthepanEuropeanplanemaker.HesaidthatwhileAirbusplannedtodemonstratehydrogenpoweredaircraftin2025,overthenext10years,hydrogenwon'tbemoreeconomicthanthefossilfuelequivalent.“Tomakerealemissionsfreehydrogenpoweredplanes,whichgiveoutonlywaterandheat,theirfuelneedstoefromhydrogenproducedviarenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolar,”headded.Anotherbarrierisbuildinguptheecosystemthathydrogenaircraftwillneed”.However,MrLlewellynpredictedthattherewasenoughinterestinthesectortomakethishappen.Inaninterview,MrLlewellynsaid,“Wealreadyseemassiveincreasesintheamountofrenewableenergybeingproducedacrosstheworld.Windenergyproductionhasmultipliedbytwooverthelastfiveyearsandsolarenergyproductionhasmultipliedbyfour.”Headded,“Thereareanumberofindependentinstitutesthathavemappedouthowhydrogencostscanedownoverthenextdecades.Weseea30%reductioninrenewablehydrogencostsin2030paredtowhereitistoday,anda50%reductioninrenewablehydrogencostsby2050.Theyareexactlythekindofcostfiguresthatareinterestingforus,becauseitmakeszeroemissionaircraftmerciallyviable（可行的）inthe2030s.”LastmonthUKbasedZeroAviaconductedtheworld’sfirstflightofamercialgradeaircraftpoweredbyhydrogen.Afewdaysbefore,Airbusannouncedaseriesofdesignproposalsforhydrogendrivenaircraft,includinga“blendedwing”conceptthatprovidesgreaterstoragecapacity.Thisdesigncouldbekeytohydrogenpoweredaircraftasthefuelislessenergydense（密度大）thanconventionalfuelandsorequiresmorespacetomatchperformanceofexistingairplanes.8.Whichcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?AApredictionaboutZeroemissionaircraft.B.Zeroemissionlargeaircraftwillbeavailable.C.HowZeroemissionlargeaircraftwillbemade.D.ThebarrierstomakeZeroemissionlargeaircraft.9.WhatdoesParagraph2focuson?A.Thefuturetomakehydrogenpoweredaircraft.B.Theimportancetomakehydrogenpoweredaircraft.C.Theproblemstomakehydrogenpoweredaircraft.D.Thepossibilitytomakehydrogenpoweredaircraft.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“capacity"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Space. B.Ability. C.Place. D.11.WhatisMrLlewellyn'sattitudetowardsthefutureofZeroemissionlargeaircraft?A.Cautious. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】本文為說(shuō)明文。文章說(shuō)明了制造以氫氣為動(dòng)力的零排放大型客機(jī)目前所遇到的問(wèn)題以及它的前景?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段首句“Zeroemissionlargepassengeraircraftpoweredbyhydrogenwillbetechnicallyavailableinfiveyears,accordingtoAirbus,buttheywillnotenterserviceforatleastadecadeasthepriceofthefuelneedstoedown.（根據(jù)空中客車公司的說(shuō)法，零排放氫動(dòng)力大型客機(jī)技術(shù)上將在五年內(nèi)投入使用，但由于燃料價(jià)格需要下降，它們至少在10年內(nèi)不會(huì)投入使用）”；第三段“However,MrLlewellynpredictedthattherewasenoughinterestinthesectortomakethishappen.（然而，盧埃林預(yù)計(jì)，人們對(duì)該行業(yè)的興趣足夠大，足以實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)）”以及最后一段“LastmonthUKbasedZeroAviaconductedtheworld’sfirstflightofamercialgradeaircraftpoweredbyhydrogen.（上個(gè)月，總部位于英國(guó)的ZeroAvia完成了全球首架氫動(dòng)力商業(yè)級(jí)飛機(jī)的飛行）”可知，文章主要講述了盡管面臨一些困難，但零排放的大型飛機(jī)有望在將來(lái)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。故B項(xiàng)“零排放的大型飛機(jī)將會(huì)出現(xiàn)”適合作為文章的標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“HesaidthatwhileAirbusplannedtodemonstratehydrogenpoweredaircraftin2025,overthenext10years,hydrogenwon'tbemoreeconomicthanthefossilfuelequivalent.“Tomakerealemissionsfreehydrogenpoweredplanes,whichgiveoutonlywaterandheat,theirfuelneedstoefromhydrogenproducedviarenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolar,”headded.Anotherbarrierisbuildinguptheecosystemthathydrogenaircraftwillneed”.（他說(shuō)，盡管空中客車公司計(jì)劃在2025年展示氫動(dòng)力飛機(jī)，但在未來(lái)10年，氫不會(huì)比化石燃料更經(jīng)濟(jì)。他補(bǔ)充說(shuō):“要制造真正的無(wú)排放的氫動(dòng)力飛機(jī)，這種飛機(jī)只釋放水和熱，它們的燃料需要來(lái)自風(fēng)能和太陽(yáng)能等可再生資源產(chǎn)生的氫?！绷硪粋€(gè)障礙是建立氫飛機(jī)所需的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)?！保笨芍?，無(wú)排放的氫動(dòng)力飛機(jī)的燃料成本高，建立氫動(dòng)力飛機(jī)的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)也是個(gè)問(wèn)題。由此可知，第二段重點(diǎn)講制造氫動(dòng)力飛機(jī)的問(wèn)題。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段“Afewdaysbefore,Airbusannouncedaseriesofdesignproposalsforhydrogendrivenaircraft,includinga“blendedwing”conceptthatprovidesgreaterstoragecapacity.Thisdesigncouldbekeytohydrogenpoweredaircraftasthefuelislessenergydensethanconventionalfuelandsorequiresmorespacetomatchperformanceofexistingairplanes.（幾天前，空中客車公司宣布了一系列氫驅(qū)動(dòng)飛機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)方案，包括提供更大存儲(chǔ)capacity的“混合機(jī)翼”概念。這種設(shè)計(jì)可能是氫動(dòng)力飛機(jī)的關(guān)鍵，因?yàn)檫@種燃料的能量密度比傳統(tǒng)燃料低，因此需要更多的空間來(lái)匹配現(xiàn)有飛機(jī)的性能）”可知，空中客車公司提出了“blendedwing”計(jì)劃，后句對(duì)該設(shè)計(jì)的原因進(jìn)行解釋，因?yàn)檫@種燃料的能量密度比傳統(tǒng)燃料低，因此需要更多的空間來(lái)匹配現(xiàn)有飛機(jī)的性能，而“blendedwing”設(shè)計(jì)可以提供更大的儲(chǔ)存空間。由此推知“capacity”意為空間，與space同義。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“However,MrLlewellynpredictedthattherewasenoughinterestinthesectortomakethishappen.（然而，盧埃林預(yù)計(jì)，人們對(duì)該行業(yè)的興趣足夠大，足以實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。）”和“Inaninterview,MrLlewellynsaid,“Wealreadyseemassiveincreasesintheamountofrenewableenergybeingproducedacrosstheworld.（盧埃林在接受采訪時(shí)表示:“我們已經(jīng)看到，全球可再生能源產(chǎn)量大幅增加。”）”以及“Theyareexactlythekindofcostfiguresthatareinterestingforus,becauseitmakeszeroemissionaircraftmerciallyviableinthe2030s.（這正是我們感興趣的成本數(shù)字，因?yàn)檫@使得零排放飛機(jī)在本世紀(jì)30年代具有商業(yè)可行性。）”可知，MrLlewellyn認(rèn)為全球可再生能源產(chǎn)量大幅增加，飛機(jī)的燃料成本降低，使得零排放飛機(jī)在本世紀(jì)30年代具有商業(yè)可行性。由此推知，MrLlewellyn對(duì)未來(lái)的零排放大型飛機(jī)的態(tài)度是積極樂(lè)觀的。故選D項(xiàng)。DWhenBritishmusicianPaulBartonperformsincentralThailandlately,hisenergeticlistenersreactwildly.Somepullhishairorjumponhispiano.Othersstealhismusicpapers.Thebehaviorisnormal,however,becausethesecrowdsaretrulywild—wildmonkeystobeexact.BartonplaysoftentotheanimalsinLopburi,anareaknownforitspopulationsofwildmacaquemonkeys.Thepianisthopesthemusicshowsbringcalmtotheanimalsduringthecoronaviruscrisis.Thediseasehascausedproblemsforthemonkeys,too.Theyarehungry.Therestrictionsontourismmeanfewerpeopleetoseethemonkeysandfeedthem.“Weneedtomakeanefforttomakesurethattheyeatproperly.Andwhentheyeatproperlytheywillbecalmerandwillnotbeaggressive,”saidBarton,59,alongtimeThailandresident.BartonhasplayedatfoursitesinLopburi,includingatanancientHindutemple,astoreandanoldmovietheater.ThemacaquesquicklysurroundBartonwhenheplaysGreensleeves,Beethoven’sFurEliseandMichaelNyman’sDiaryofLove.Someofthecreaturessitonhischair,whileothersclimbuphisbodyandtouchhishead.“Awonderfulopportunitytoseethewildanimalsjustbeingthemselves.”saidBarton,fromYorkshireinnorthernEngland.But,Bartonkeepshisattentiononhisperformance,evenasasmallmonkeyrunsoverhishandsontheinstrument.Othermonkeystakecontrolofhismusicpapers.“IwassurprisedtoplaythepianoandfindthattheywereactuallyeatingthemusicasIwasplayingit.But,”headded,“Iwasn’tgoingtoletthosethingsdistractfromtheprojectwhichistoplaythemusicforthesewonderfulmacaques.”ThemonkeysareBarton’slatestanimalfans.Pastwildlifeaudiencesincludedelephantslivinginspecialprotectedareas.Bartonhopestoraiseawarenessofthemonkeys’hunger.Atthesametime,hehopestostudytheirbehaviorastheyreacttoclassicalmusic.12.WhyistheauthornotsurprisedatBarton’saudience’srudereaction?A.PaulBartonperformedbadly.B.Theaudiencearemonkeysinthezoo.C.Theaudiencearemonkeysinthewild.D.Themonkeysareinfectedbythecoronavirus.13.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthecoronavirus?A.Itcausednotroubleforthemonkeys.B.ItaffectedThailand’stourismseriously.C.Itmadewildmonkeyslivemorehappily.D.Itmadewildmonkeyseatmoreproperly.14.WhatdoesBartonconsiderhisperformancehimself?A.Tobeagoodopportunitytosavewildanimals.B.Tobeagoodopportunitytorestrictwildanimals.C.Tobeagoodchancetotamewildanimals.D.Tobeagoodchancetoobservewildanimals.15.WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.ThepastperformancesofBarton.B.Barton’seffortstoprotectclassicalmusic.C.ThepurposeofBarton’sperformance.D.Barton'sresearchonmonkeys’behavior.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。記敘了一位音樂(lè)人在疫情期間，動(dòng)物園游人很少的情況下，為猴子演奏，希望給他們帶來(lái)情緒的安寧正常進(jìn)食的故事。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thebehaviorisnormal,however,becausethesecrowdsaretrulywild—wildmonkeystobeexact.(然而，這種行為很正常，因?yàn)檫@些觀眾是真正的野生群體——確切地說(shuō)，是野生猴子)”可推斷，作者認(rèn)為這種行為是正常的，對(duì)它們的粗魯行為并不令人吃驚，因?yàn)樗鼈兪且吧镒?。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thediseasehascausedproblemsforthemonkeys,too.Theyarehungry.Therestrictionsontourismmeanfewerpeopleetoseethemonkeysandfeedthem.(這次疫情也給猴子帶來(lái)了麻煩。沒(méi)人投喂他們。對(duì)旅游業(yè)的限制意味著游客和給猴子喂食的人員會(huì)減少)”可知，新冠疫情嚴(yán)重影響泰國(guó)的旅游業(yè)。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的““Awonderfulopportunitytoseethewildanimalsjustbeingthemselves.”saidBarton,fromYorkshireinnorthernEngland.(“這是一個(gè)觀察野生猴子表現(xiàn)自我的絕佳機(jī)會(huì)。”來(lái)自英格蘭北部約克郡的巴頓說(shuō))”可知，巴頓認(rèn)為他自己的表演是觀察野生動(dòng)物的好機(jī)會(huì)。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容““IwassurprisedtoplaythepianoandfindthattheywereactuallyeatingthemusicasIwasplayingit.But,”headded,“Iwasn’tgoingtoletthosethingsdistractfromtheprojectwhichistoplaythemusicforthesewonderfulmacaques.”(“我很驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)我彈奏的時(shí)候，它們竟然沉浸在音樂(lè)中。但是，”他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，“我不會(huì)讓這些事情影響為這些可愛(ài)的獼猴演奏音樂(lè)?！?”可推斷，本段主要介紹了巴頓表演的目的。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Onlinecoursescanbeagreatwaytolearn.They’requitehelpfulifyou’reabusycollegestudentwhotriestobalancecourseworkwithajob.____16____Buthowcanyousuccessfullyfinishanonlinecourse?Makesureyoucanreliablygetonline.Ensurethatyouhavechancestoworkonlineforseveralhoursatatime.It'sbestifyouhavehighspeedInternetathome.That’sbecausemostonlinecoursesincludematerialslikevideos.____17____Readthesyllabus（教學(xué)大綱）.____18____Itwillcontainimportantinformationsuchastheprofessor’semailaddressandofficehours.Thesyllabuswillalsoprovideinformationabouttherequiredcoursematerials.Ifyou’rewonderingwhatbookstobuy,thesyllabuswilltellyou.Makeatimetable.Withonlinecourses,youcanpletetheworkonyourowntime.However,youstillneedtocreateaplanandmanageyourtimeproperlytofinishthecourse.____19____Forexample,youcouldchoosetodevoteTuesdaysandThursdaysfrom78pmtoworkingonyourclass.Behaveproperlyinclass.How?Addressyourclassmatesandyourprofessorbytheirnameortitle.Anddonotbedisrespectfultoothers.Forexample,duringdiscussionavoidsaying,“That'’sastupidstatement.”Instead,justsay,“Idisagreebecause…"Disagreementisfine.____20____A.Sochoosetimefortheclass.B.Sosetasidetimefortheclass.C.Disagreementhelpsformone’sownview.D.Makeyourpointsinapoliteway,however.E.Youwillwantthesecoursematerialstobeloadedquickly.F.They’realsoagreatchoiceifyoucan’toftengettocampus.G.It’screatedbytheprofessortoserveasaguideforthecourse.【答案】16.F17.E18.G19.B20.D【解析】本文為應(yīng)用文。文章說(shuō)明了成功地完成一門在線課程的一些方法。【16題詳解】上文“Onlinecoursescanbeagreatwaytolearn.They’requitehelpfulifyou’reabusycollegestudentwhotriestobalancecourseworkwithajob.（網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程是一個(gè)很好的學(xué)習(xí)方式。如果你是一個(gè)忙著平衡學(xué)業(yè)和工作的大學(xué)生，它們是非常有用的）”說(shuō)明了網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)于平衡學(xué)業(yè)和工作的大學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)非常有用。F選項(xiàng)“They’realsoagreatchoiceifyoucan’toftengettocampus.（如果你不能經(jīng)常去學(xué)校，它們也是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇）”說(shuō)明了網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)于平衡學(xué)業(yè)和工作，不能經(jīng)常去學(xué)校的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)是很不錯(cuò)的選擇。F項(xiàng)起到承接呼應(yīng)上文的作用。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“It’sbestifyouhavehighspeedInternetathome.That’sbecausemostonlinecoursesincludematerialslikevideos.（如果你家里有高速網(wǎng)絡(luò)，那就最好了。這是因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)在線課程都包括視頻之類的材料）”說(shuō)明了家里有高速網(wǎng)絡(luò)有助于學(xué)習(xí)在線課程。E項(xiàng)“Youwillwantthesecoursematerialstobeloadedquickly.（你會(huì)希望這些課程材料能夠快速加載）說(shuō)明了家里有高速網(wǎng)絡(luò)快速加載學(xué)習(xí)材料可以方便學(xué)習(xí)?！盓選項(xiàng)起到承接呼應(yīng)上文的作用。故選E項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】由標(biāo)題Readthesyllabus（教學(xué)大綱）可知，G項(xiàng)“It’screatedbytheprofessortoserveasaguideforthecourse.（它是由教授創(chuàng)建的，作為這門課程的指南）”It指教學(xué)大綱，G項(xiàng)說(shuō)明了教學(xué)大綱的設(shè)立者和作用，起到引起下文的作用。下文“Itwillcontainimportantinformationsuchastheprofessor'semailaddressandofficehours.（它將包含重要的信息，如教授的電子郵件地址和辦公時(shí)間）”說(shuō)明了教學(xué)大綱包含的信息、作用，呼應(yīng)G項(xiàng)。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“However,youstillneedtocreateaplanandmanageyourtimeproperlytofinishthecourse.（然而，你仍然需要制定一個(gè)計(jì)劃，合理地管理你的時(shí)間來(lái)完成課程）”說(shuō)明了需要安排時(shí)間完成課程。B選項(xiàng)“Sosetasidetimefortheclass.（所以要留出時(shí)間來(lái)上課）”呼應(yīng)上文，與上文為因果關(guān)系。下文“Forexample,youcouldchoosetodevoteTuesdaysandThursdaysfrom78pmtoworkingonyourclass.（例如，你可以選擇周二和周四晚上7點(diǎn)到8點(diǎn)的時(shí)間來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)你的課程）”對(duì)B選項(xiàng)舉例說(shuō)明。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】標(biāo)題“Behaveproperlyinclass.（在課堂上舉止得體）”和下文“Addressyourclassmatesandyourprofessorbytheirnameortitle.Anddonotbedisrespectfultoothers.（稱呼同學(xué)和教授的名字或頭銜。不要對(duì)別人不尊重）”說(shuō)明了要尊重別人，行為有禮貌。D選項(xiàng)“Makeyourpointsinapoliteway,however.（但是，要用禮貌的方式表達(dá)你的觀點(diǎn)）”說(shuō)明了言談舉止要禮貌，符合段落主旨，呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ineverreallyenjoyedrunning.Butmy___21___withrunninghaschanged.I’ma___22___livinginLondon.Whenmymombecameillwithcancerandtherewasno___23___ofherlivingmuchlonger,IdecidedtomovebacktoHarrogate.Myworkasamusiciandidn't___24___andIjustwantedtobewithmymother.Ihavebeen___25___psychotherapy（心理治療）formorethanthreeyears,whichhashelpedwithmyanxiety,butbackinHarrogate,I___26___todosomethingelsepositiveformyself,aslookingaftermymother___27___me.Iwantedtodosomethingphysicalandrunning___28___thatneed.Gettingupbeforesixwas___29___forme.ButImademyselfgorunningthreetimesaweek.Afterstartinglastsummer,Iwouldrunwith___30___membersandtalkaboutmymomwiththoseI’dknownbetter.Ithelpedmeputmy___31___intherightplacetofaceanotherday.Andithelpedmeprocessmyfeelingsaftermymom___32___inOctober.Althoughtherapyhasbeenthe___33___forallthepositivethingsinmylife,runninghasaddedtothat.Together,theyhavechangedmy___34___tolifeandI'mnowlessanxiousthanIwas.Whilerunning,IfeelgroundedandIliveinthe___35___.21.A.relationship B.impression C.munication D.experience22.A.professor B.musician C.dancer D.educator23.A.doubt B.question C.idea D.hope24.A.improve B.mind C.matter D.help25.A.turningto B.pickingup C.givingup D.lookingfor26.A.promised B.thought C.continued D.decided27.A.delighted B.upset C.relaxed D.discouraged28.A.brought B.balanced C.filled D.reduced29.A.unusual B.impossible C.amazing D.fortable30.A.mon B.regular C.ordinary D.strange31.A.hands B.eyes C.mind D.head32.A.passedaway B.passedby C.recovered D.survived33.A.purpose B.foundation C.design D.procedure34.A.decision B.confidence C.attitude D.advice35.A.dream B.past C.memory D.present【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.A26.D27.B28.C29.A30.B31.C32.A33.B34.C35.D【解析】【分析】本文為記敘文。文章講述了從不喜歡跑步的作者因照顧母親以及后來(lái)母親去世而焦慮，情緒低落，從而開(kāi)始跑步緩解情況。最后，心理治療和跑步使得作者改變了對(duì)生活的態(tài)度，積極面對(duì)生活，不再焦慮?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我和跑步的關(guān)系已經(jīng)改變了。A.relationship關(guān)系；B.impression印象；C.munication交流；D.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)。前文說(shuō)作者以前從不喜歡跑步，轉(zhuǎn)折連詞“But”表明作者和跑步之間的關(guān)系發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我是住在倫敦的音樂(lè)家。A.professor教授；B.musician音樂(lè)家；C.dancer舞者；D.educator教育工作者。根據(jù)后文“Myworkasamusician”可知，作者是一名音樂(lè)家。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我母親得了癌癥，活不了多久了，我決定搬回哈羅蓋特。A.doubt懷疑；B.question問(wèn)題；C.idea想法；D.hope希望。根據(jù)“mymombecameillwithcancer”可知，作者母親得了癌癥，沒(méi)有希望可以活多久了。故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)音樂(lè)家，我的工作并不重要，我只想和我的母親在一起。A.improve提高；B.mind介意；C.matter有關(guān)系，要緊；D.help幫助。根據(jù)后文“Ijustwantedtobewithmymother”可知，面對(duì)母親的情況，作者只想陪著母親，覺(jué)得工作并沒(méi)有陪伴母親重要。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：三年多來(lái)，我一直在尋求心理治療，這幫助我緩解了焦慮，但回到哈羅蓋特后，我決定為自己做一些其他積極的事情，因?yàn)檎疹櫮赣H讓我心煩。A.turningto求助于，變成；B.pickingup撿起；C.givingup放棄；D.lookingfor尋找。根據(jù)后文“psychotherapy（心理治療）formorethanthreeyears”可知，作者尋求心理治療。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：三年多來(lái)，我一直在尋求心理治療，這幫助我緩解了焦慮，但回到哈羅蓋特后，我決定為自己做一些其他積極的事情，因?yàn)檎疹櫮赣H讓我心煩。A.promised承諾；B.thought思考；C.continued繼續(xù)；D.decided決定。根據(jù)后文“todosomethingelsepositiveformyself,aslookingaftermymother7me.”可知，作者因照顧母親覺(jué)得心煩意亂，所以決定做一些其他積極的事情。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：三年多來(lái)，我一直在尋求心理治療，這幫助我緩解了焦慮，但回到哈羅蓋特后，我決定為自己做一些其他積極的事情，因?yàn)檎疹櫮赣H讓我心煩。A.delighted使高興；B.upset使心煩；C.relaxed使放松；D.discouraged使氣餒。根據(jù)前文“I6todosomethingelsepositiveformyself”可知，作者決定做一些其他積極的事情，是因?yàn)檎疹櫮赣H的事情讓自己心煩意亂。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我想做些體力活動(dòng)，跑步滿足了我的需要。A.brought帶來(lái)；B.balanced平衡；C.filled裝滿、滿足；D.reduced減少。根據(jù)前文“Iwantedtodosomethingphysical”可知，作者想做一些體力活動(dòng)釋放壓力，跑步滿足了作者的需要。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：6點(diǎn)以前起床對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是不尋常的。A.unusual不尋常的；B.impossible不可能的；C.amazing令人吃驚的；D.fortable舒適的。根據(jù)上文“Ineverreallyenjoyedrunning.”以及后文“ButImademyselfgorunningthreetimesaweek.”可知，作者由從不跑步到每周跑步三次，起床作息時(shí)間改變了，這對(duì)于平時(shí)從不早起的作者來(lái)說(shuō)是不同尋常的事。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從去年夏天開(kāi)始，我會(huì)和經(jīng)常跑步的成員一起跑步，和那些我更了解的人談?wù)撐业膵寢尅.mon共同的；B.regular經(jīng)常的，規(guī)律的；C.ordinary普通的；D.strange陌生的。根據(jù)后文“talkaboutmymomwiththoseI’dknownbetter.”可知，作者和經(jīng)常一起跑步、更熟悉的成員談?wù)搵寢尩那闆r。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它幫助我積極地面對(duì)新的一天。A.hands手；B.eyes眼睛；C.mind心智；D.head頭。根據(jù)固定短語(yǔ)“putone’smindin專心于……”可知，mind符合句意，表示“以積極的心態(tài)面對(duì)每一天”，故選C項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在我媽媽10月份去世后，它幫助我調(diào)整了自己的情緒。A.passedaway去世；B.passedby經(jīng)過(guò)；C.recovered恢復(fù)；D.survived生存。上文說(shuō)坐著的母親得了癌癥，活不了多久了，因此此處是說(shuō)母親去世了。故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然治療是我生活中所有積極事情的基礎(chǔ)，但跑步又增加了這一點(diǎn)。A.purpose目的；B.foundation基礎(chǔ)；C.design設(shè)計(jì)；D.procedure程序。根據(jù)上文“Ihavebeen5psychotherapy（心理治療）formorethanthreeyears”以及“Together,theyhavechangedmyattitudetolifeandI’mnowlessanxiousthanIwas.”可知，心理治療和跑步結(jié)合一起使得作者減少了焦慮，因此心理治療是作者積極面對(duì)事情的基礎(chǔ)。故選B項(xiàng)。34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們一起改變了我的生活態(tài)度，我現(xiàn)在不像以前那么焦慮了。A.decision決定；B.confidence自信；C.attitude態(tài)度；D.advice建議。根據(jù)句子前后“I’mnowlessanxiousthanIwas.”可知，作者改變了對(duì)生活的態(tài)度，不再像以前那么焦慮了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：跑步時(shí)，我感覺(jué)腳踏實(shí)地，活在當(dāng)下。A.dream夢(mèng)想；B.past過(guò)去；C.memory記憶；D.present目前。根據(jù)前文“IfeelgroundedandIlivein”可知，作者跑步時(shí)，感覺(jué)腳踏實(shí)地，活在當(dāng)下。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Eatingabigbreakfastcouldhelpyoubumdoublecaloriesthanifyoueatalargermealatdinner.ResearchersatLubeckUniversityfoundfillingupinthemorning____36____(boost)ametabolism(代謝)processknownasdietinducedthermogenesis(飲食生熱效應(yīng)).DITreferstothenumberofcaloriesthebodyexpendstoheatthebodyanddigestfood.Itwasshowntobetwiceashighforthose____37____atemoreatbreakfastthanatdinner.ThefindingspublishedintheJournalofClinicalEndocrinologyandMetabolism____38____(base)onalaboratoryexperimentof16men.Thestudyaddstoincreasingevidencethatthebestwayoflosingweightistoeatyour____39____(large)mealinthemorning—andyoursmallestintheevening.DrRichtersaid:“Eatingmoreatbreakfastinsteadofdinnercouldpreventobesity____40____highbloodsugar.Bothobesityandhighbloodsugarcanleadtoillnesses____41____(include)cancer,cardiovasculardiseaseanddiabetes.”DITcandifferdependingona____42____(person)mealtimeandis____43____(general)slowerintheeveningandatnight.DrRichtersaid:“Weremendpatientswithobesityaswellas____44____(health)peopleeatalargebreakfastratherthanalargedinner______45______(reduce)bodyweightandpreventmetabolicdiseases.”【答案】36.boosts37.who38.werebased39.largest40.and41.including42.person’s43.generally44.healthy45.toreduce【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了早餐吃得多比晚餐吃得多有更多的好處，尤其有利于減肥?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：Lubeck大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，早上吃飽會(huì)促進(jìn)新陳代謝過(guò)程，即飲食誘發(fā)的生熱作用。根據(jù)句意可知，此處陳述研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞fillingup為主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故填boosts?！?7題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：結(jié)果顯示，對(duì)于那些早餐吃得比晚餐多的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這一比例是晚餐的兩倍。分析句子可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為those，指人，通常用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)。故填who。