高中英語必修二學案M2u1grammar3

年級高一學科英語總課時課題M2Unit1Grammar3第___3__課時主備人司倩倩上課時間鎖定目標找準方向備注LearningaimsLearnthedifferencesbetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthepresentperfectcontinuoustense.自主預(yù)學摸清學情預(yù)學檢查：檢查課文預(yù)習的情況，根據(jù)講義做的情況進行講解合作探究攜手共進復習基本形式構(gòu)成：have/has+動詞的過去分詞（done）被動結(jié)構(gòu)：have/hasbeen+動詞的過去分詞（done）現(xiàn)在完成時的基本用法：1.表示過去發(fā)生的事或剛結(jié)束的動作對現(xiàn)在仍有影響或造成的結(jié)果。Hehasturnedoffthelight.他已把燈關(guān)了。（關(guān)燈動作發(fā)生在過去，隱含：現(xiàn)在你不必去關(guān)燈了。）ThedisappearanceofJustinhasmadeKellyveryunhappy.(Justin在過去失蹤，但是Kelly至今仍為他的失蹤感到不高興。)Thepolicehavejustfinishedsearchingthearea.2.表示過去開始的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（句中用延續(xù)性動詞）。Hehaslivedheresince1995.自從1995年以來，他一直住在這兒。IhavenotseenJustinsincelastFridaynight.（從上周五晚上到現(xiàn)在一直都沒有見過Justin）3.表示過去曾發(fā)生過一次或多次的行為，也可以表示一種經(jīng)歷。SomevillagerssaythattheyhaveseenUFOsmanytimes.三．常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的時間狀語有：1．a(chǎn)lready(多用于肯定)，yet（多用于否定、疑問），never,ever，before,severaltimes,recently,lately,just(而justnow用一般過去時)等2．sofar,uptonow,howlong,for+時間段，since+時間點/時間段加ago/從句(從句用一般過去時),inthepast/last+時間段，bynow,bythistime,thesedays,alltheseyears,。請看如下高考題中完成時態(tài)與標志詞之間的對應(yīng)關(guān)系：1.Youdon’tneedtodescribeher,Ihavemetherseveraltimes.2.WhoisJerryCopper?Haven’tyoumethimyet?Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting.3.Howareyoutoday?Oh,Ihaven’tfeltasillasIdonowforaverylongtime.4.IwonderwhyJennyhasn’twrittentousrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.5.Withtherapidgrowthofpopulation,thecityhasspreadinalldirectionsinthepastfiveyears.6.Yearsagowedidn'tknowthis,butrecentsciencehasshownthatpeoplewhodon’tsleepwellsoongetill.7.Thecountrylifehewasusedtohaschangedsince1992.8.Wehaven’tseenhimsinceheleftNanjing.Wehaven'tseenhimfortwoyears/since2002.9.Mybrotherisanactor.Hehasappearedinseveralfilmssofar.10.I’vemettheoldmansomewherebefore.注意：1.一些非延續(xù)性動詞，如，arrive,teach,join,lose,fall,e,go,leave,buy等，其現(xiàn)在完成時形式不能和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用。如：他三年前買了一輛車。Hehasboughtacarforthreeyears.（誤）Hehashadacarforthreeyears.（正）Hehasboughtacar.（正）Heboughtacarthreeyearsago.（正）他兩年前參了軍。Hehasjoinedthearmyfortwoyears.（誤）Hehasbeeninthearmyfortwoyears.（正）Hehasjoinedthearmy.（正）Hejoinedthearmytwoyearsago.（正）拓展提升學以致用2.用于until,after,assoonas,if等引導的時間或條件狀語從句中，用現(xiàn)在完成時代替將來完成時，強調(diào)動作的完成。如：Ican’tpromiseyouanythinguntilIhavespokentothemanager.在和經(jīng)理商談之前，我不能向你承諾任何事情。Pleaseturnofftheelectricityafteryouhavefinishedtheexperiment.試驗完成之后請關(guān)掉電源。3.現(xiàn)在完成時不與具體的過去時間短語及when連用Idon’tknowwhenhehasleft.（誤）Hehasleftheretenminutesago.誤）4.注意havebeento和have/hasgoneto的區(qū)別：have/hasbeento曾經(jīng)去過某地have/hasgoneto去了某地Jackisonholidaynow.HehasgonetoFrance.(HeisinFrancenoworheisonhiswaytoFrance.)JackisbackinLondonnow.HehasbeentoFrance.(HewasinFrancebutnowhehasreturned.)5．一些特殊句式要用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)：1）It/Thisisthefirst/secondtimethat…that從句用現(xiàn)在完成時。

ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.

Itwasthethirdtimethattheboyhadbeenlate.Thisisthefirsttime(that)I'veheardhimsing.這是我第一次聽他唱歌

2）Thisisthe…that…結(jié)構(gòu)，that從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時.

ThisisthebestfilmthatI've(ever)seen.。Thisistheonlybookthathehaswritten.3）Itis/has+一段時間+since從句Itis/hasbeen3yearssinceIsawyou.反饋評價體驗成功AnswerthequestionsbelowwithaPresentPerfectTensesentence.1.Whatcountrieshaveyoubeento?________________________________________________________2.Whatcitieshaveyoulivedin?____________________________________________________3.Whatstrangefoodshaveyoueaten?________________________________________________________4.Wherehaveyouflown?________________________________________________________5.Whatlanguageshaveyouspoken?________________________________________________________6.Whatsportshaveyouplayed?______________________