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新外研社高中英語選擇性必修二Unit2ImprovingYourself
UsingLanguageGrammarPastperfectpassive
過去完成時的被動語態(tài)①基本含義②基本結(jié)構(gòu)③基本用法①Atthestartofthedetox,over100studentshadbeenpersuadedtostopusingsocialmedia,inANYform,forsevendays.②Theyhadbeenpromisedmoneybyfamilyandfriendsforeachdayspentwithoutusingsocialmedia.③Butonreflection,Icanseehowmuchofmytimehadbeenoccupiedwithcheckingmyphone.Readthefollowingsentencesfromthereadingpassageandfindtherulesinthem.過去完成時的被動語態(tài)Thepen
hadbeenbrokenbytheboybeforeitwasfound.那支鋼筆在大家發(fā)現(xiàn)以前就被那個男孩弄壞了。Thetask
hadbeencompletedbeforenoonyesterday.那項任務(wù)昨天中午前就完成了。1.強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者2.不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者,或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者基本含義過去完成時的被動語態(tài)是過去完成時的被動形式,主語是謂語動作的承受者。使用被動語態(tài)主要因為兩種情況:1.肯定句:__________________________2.否定句:__________________________3.疑問句:________________________________________________________基本結(jié)構(gòu)Alltheticketshadbeensoldoutwhentheyarrived.
主語+hadbeendone+其他.當(dāng)他們到那兒時,票已經(jīng)全部賣完了。Themoviehadn'tbeenonforhalfanhourwhenwegottothecinema.當(dāng)我們到達(dá)電影院時,電影還沒開始半個小時。主語+hadnotbeendone+其他.Had+主語+beendone+其他?
疑問詞+had+主語+beendone+其他?①
Hadthemoviebeenonforhalfanhourwhenyougottothecinema?當(dāng)你們到達(dá)電影院時,電影開始了半個小時了嗎?②
Howmanybuildingshadbeendestroyedwhenthehurricaneended?颶風(fēng)結(jié)束后有多少建筑物被毀了?(1)Bythetimehegottotheschool,thefirstperiodhadbeenfinished.(2)Theclassroomhadn’tbeencleanedbefore
theteachercame.(3)Bytheendof
lastyear,120bridgeshadbeenbuilt.1.當(dāng)before,when,bythetime,until
等引導(dǎo)時間狀語的謂語是一般過去式,以及by,before后接過去的時間時,主句的動作發(fā)生在從句的動作或過去的時間之前且表示被動時,用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。過去完成時的被動語態(tài)的基本用法2.在told,said,knew,heard,thought等動詞之后的賓語從句中,若表示動作已被做完時,用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。(1)Theysaidtheproductioncostshadbeenreduced.(2)Theboywasremindedthathishomeworkhadnotbeenhandedin.(3)Themediareportedmorethan1,000peoplehadbeenkilledintheearthquake.3.在“Itwasthefirst/second/third…timethat…”句型中,that從句中的主語是動作的承受者時,謂語動詞要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。(1)Itwasthefirsttimethatthepainting
hadbeendisplayedtothepublic.(2)Itwasthesecondtimethathisbike
hadbeenstolen.4.根據(jù)語意可以判斷出動作先后的被動語態(tài),用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。Astheassignmenthadbeendone,hewentontosearchtheInternet.(2)Hedidwhathehadbeentoldto.CompleteJack’sblogpostwiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.BeforeIturnedoveranewleaf,Ihadalwaysbeenaverylazystudent.Iwascarelessabouthandinginmyhomework,andnoneofmyassignmentdeadlines
______________(meet).Indeed,Iwoulddeliberately“l(fā)ose”myhomeworkinmyincrediblymessyroom,sothatIcouldputoff
(do)it!Myparentssoonworkedoutthistrick,though,andonedayIcamehometofindthatmyroom____________________(clean),
andmyhomework
_____________(put)
rightinthecentreofaspotlesslycleandesk!Apresent_____
(leave)onthedesk,too(IthinkMumdidthat):abookcalledTheArtofProcrastination.hadbeenmetdoinghadbeencleanedhadbeenputCheckyouranswers!P173hadbeenleft
Theauthor,JohnPerry,saidthat
procrastinationwasabout______________(avoid)thehardestandmostimportanttasks.So_________
(make)sureyoudoyourhomework,putitsecondorthirdonyourto-dolist,notatthetop.Thenputoneortworeallyhardthingsyoudon’twanttodoatthetopofthelist.Youwillprocrastinatetoavoidthehardstuff—bydoingyourhomework!PostedbyJackat13:34avoiding
tomakeP173123肯定句否定句疑問句1234當(dāng)before,when,bythetime,until
等引導(dǎo)時間狀語以及by,before后接過去的時間時;在told,said,knew,heard,thought等動詞之后的賓語從句中;在“Itwasthefirst/second/third…timethat…”句型中;根據(jù)語意可以判斷出動作先后的被動語態(tài)?;窘Y(jié)構(gòu)基本用法過去完成時的被動語態(tài)使用情況21強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者不知道動作的執(zhí)行者,或沒有必要指出VocabularybuildingaMatchthesentencestothesigns.Payattentiontothewordsandexpressionsinbold.abcdef()1.Donotlitter.()2.Donottalkloudlyinpublic.()3.Donotspitinpublic.()4.Donotwalkonthegrass.()5.Donotsmoke.()6.Donottakephotos.abefcdVocabularybuildingCompletetheconversationswiththecorrectformofthewordsandexpressionsinActivity5.1.A:Whatdoyoudowhenpeople_________________?B:Iputmyheadphoneson.Idon’twanttohearotherpeople’sconversations.2.A:Howcanwestoppeople_____________________?B:Weshouldtellthemit’sdirtyanditcanspreaddiseases.talkloudlyinpublic(from)spittinginpublicVocabularybuildingCompletetheconversationswiththecorrectformofthewordsandexpressionsinActivity5.3.A:Whatwouldyoudoifyousawpeople________?B:Iwouldgouptothemandaskthemtoputthelitterintoarubbishbin.4.A:Howcanwepreventpeoplefrom_________________?B:Ifwekeepthegrasslookingreallyneat,maybepeoplewillrealisetheyshouldn’twalkonit.litteringwalkingonthegrassVocabularybuildingCompletetheconversationswiththecorrectformofthewordsandexpressionsinActivity5.5.A:Whatwouldyoudoifyousawsomeone________whereit’snotallowed?B:I’dpolitelyremindthemit’snotpermitted,andthattheyshouldbeconsiderateofothers.6.A:Whatwouldyoudoifyousawsomeone___________inamuseum?B:I’daskthemtostop,becauseitcandamagetheexhibits.smokingtakingphotosVocabularybuildingNowworkinpairs.Thinkofmoretypesofinappropriatebehaviourandtalkaboutwhatyouthinkistherightthingtodowhenfacedwiththem.VocabularybuildingListening&speakingListening&speaking:While-listening
Listentotheinterviewandchooseatopicforit.1.Howtopromotevalueseducation.2.Howtoinspirestudentstoworkhard.3.Howtointroduceschoolprogrammes.4.Howtofairlydistributebooksandumbrellas.Aschoolinourcitycameupwithaninnovativeprogrammetopromotethetraditionalvalueof1.______.SchoolprincipalMsWugaveseveralexamplesofhowtheprogrammeworks.Tobeginwith,theschoolintroducedanactivitycalledthe“unsupervisedexamination”forsomeoftheclasses.Thatmeansduringthisexamination,thereisnoListening&speaking:While-listeningListenagainandcompletethenewspaperreport.honestyListening&speaking:While-listeningteacher2._________________________.Beforetakingthisexamination,studentsfirstneedto3._______________________.Studentsgenerallyexpressedthatit’sgoodtofeel4.______andtheyquiteenjoyed5.____________________intheexamination.Inturn,theydeveloped6.____________________.presenttooverseethestudentssignaletterofcommitmenttrustedtherelaxedatmospheregreaterself-controlListenagainandcompletethenewspaperreport.Listening&speaking:While-listeningTheschoolalsointroducedwhatiscalledthe7.“_________________.”
Printedoneachumbrellawasashortstatementabout8.________________________.Attheendoftheterm,alltheumbrellaswerereturned9.___________.Noneofthemhadbeenlostordamaged.honestyumbrellahonestyandothervaluesinonepieceListenagainandcompletethenewspaperreport.Listening&speaking:While-listeningNowMsWuandhercolleaguesplantointroducetheprogrammeto10._________________________.Everyoneneedstoworktogethertobuildacultureofhonesty.Theyhopemoreteachersandstudentswillgetinvolved.anotherbranchoftheschoolListenagainandcompletethenewspaperreport.Listening&speaking:PairworkNowworkinpairs.Talkaboutthesignificanceofpromotingvalueseducationinschools.Listening&speaking:SummaryCompletetheboxeswiththeexpressionsfromtheinterview.Icangiveacoupleofexamples.Thatis…Letmeclarify…Forinstance,…Imean…Take…asanillustration.Toputitanotherway,…ClarifyingwhatyoumeanGivingexamplesListening&speaking:SummaryClarifyingwhatyoumeanGivingexamplesThatis…Letmeclarify…Imean…Toputitanotherway,…Forinstance…Take…asanillustration.Icangiveacoupleofexamples.
Completetheboxeswiththeexpressionsfromtheinterview.Listening&speaking:PairworkWorkingroups.Discusshowtopromotevalueseducationatyourschoolusingthewordsandexpressionsinthissection.Nowtalkabouthowwellyoudidinofferingeffectiveadviceorideasanddevelopingeffectivesolutionsinthegroupdiscussion.LanguagePoints教材原句p.17BeforeIturnedoveranewleaf,Ihadalwaysbeenaverylazystudent.在我改過自新之前,我一直是個很懶的學(xué)生。1turnover翻身,翻轉(zhuǎn);移交,送交 turnoveranewleaf改過自新;翻開新的一頁turn...overto...把……移交給……Ijustturnedoverandcouldn’tfallasleep.我翻來覆去睡不著。Hedecidedtoturnoveranewleafandstudyharder.他決定要改過自新,用功讀書。Heturnedthebusinessovertohisdaughter.他把這個企業(yè)交給了女兒管理?!練w納拓展】turnon/off打開/關(guān)上 turnup調(diào)高;出現(xiàn);找到turndown調(diào)低;拒絕 turnaround轉(zhuǎn)身turnto轉(zhuǎn)向;翻到;求助于 turnout結(jié)果是,證明是Itturnedoutthatwecouldn’thaveaccesstothelibraryduringthewintervacation.結(jié)果是我們寒假用不了圖書館。教材原句p.17Myparentssoonworkedoutthistrick...
我父母很快就識破了這個伎倆……2workout設(shè)法弄懂;計算出;制訂出;鍛煉Workoutwhatyouneedtodofirst,andgoforit—today.首先確定你需要做什么,然后就行動——從今天開始。Themathsproblemissodifficultthatfewofuscanworkitout.這道數(shù)學(xué)題太難了,以至于我們幾乎沒人能做出來。Workoutoutdoorsregularlytokeepfit.經(jīng)常到戶外鍛煉以保持健康。寫出下列句中workout的含義(1)Theplotisverycomplicated—it’lltakeyouawhiletoworkitout.____________
(2)Uncertainabouthowtoworkouttheproblem,
shestoppedtothinkcarefully.__________
(3)Thoughstayingindoors,hestillmanagestoworkoutforanhourorsoeveryday._________(4)Researchersneedseveralmonthstoworkoutaplanforlong-termdevelopment.__________設(shè)法弄懂計算出鍛煉制訂出教材原句p.17Usethepastperfectpassivewhereappropriate.
在恰當(dāng)?shù)牡胤绞褂眠^去完成時的被動語態(tài)。3appropriateadj.恰當(dāng)?shù)?;合適的 beappropriatefor/to適合…… Itisappropriate(forsb.)todosth.(某人)做某事是合適的。 Itisappropriatethatsb.(should)do...某人做……是合適的。Idon’tthinksuchkindofshoesisappropriateformountainclimbing.我覺得這種鞋子不適合爬山。Itisappropriatethatyoudrawaconclusionwithenoughevidence.你用足夠的證據(jù)得出結(jié)論是合適的。[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]【單詞積累】appropriatelyadv.恰當(dāng)?shù)?;合適地◆單句語法填空(1)Iamafraidthatthisjobisnotappropriate
thismildgirl.(2)Itisappropriatethatwe
(pay)moreattentiontoourpersonalsecurity.(3)Itisnotappropriateforme
(make)adjustmentstotheplannow.(4)Butwhydidittakesolongforthepresidenttorespond___________________(appropriate)?for/to
(should)pay
tomakeappropriately教材原句p.18I’dpolitelyremindthemit’snotpermitted,andthattheyshouldbeconsiderateofothers.我會禮貌地提醒他們,這是不允許的,并且他們應(yīng)該為別人著想。4considerateadj.替他人著想的;考慮周到的;體貼的 beconsiderateto/towards對……體貼 Itisconsiderateofsb.todosth.某人做某事考慮很周到。Yououghttobeconsideratetowardsothersandhelpthemtoovercomethefear.你應(yīng)該體諒別人,幫助他們克服恐懼。Itisconsiderateofyoutoremindmeconstantlytoattendthemeetingontime.你想得真周到,經(jīng)常提醒我準(zhǔn)時參加會議。[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]【單詞積累】(1)considerv.考慮;認(rèn)為;體諒
considerdoingsth.考慮做某事 considersb./sth.(as/tobe)...認(rèn)為某人/某物(是)……(2)considerableadj.相當(dāng)多(或大)的(3)considerationn.考慮;體貼 oconsideration考慮到……,把……考慮進(jìn)去◆單句語法填空(1)Mymumispretty
(consider);shealwaysarrangeseverythingaroundme.(2)Everythingtakeninto
(consider),theydecidedtoapproveoftheirson’schoice.(3)Itisconsiderateofyou
(call)onyourgrandparentsfromtimetotime.(4)I’mconsidering
(apply)forabankloantopaythedepositonmydepartment.(5)A
(consider)amountoftimeandefforthasgoneintothisexhibition.considerate
consideration
tocall
applyingconsiderable教材原句p.19Howtopromotevalueseducation.如何推進(jìn)價值觀教育。5promotev
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