Unit 4 Reading and Thinking 課件-2023-2024學年高二英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊

人教版（2019）選擇性必修一Unit4BodyLanguageReadingandThinkingUnderstandbodylanguage

LearningobjectivesBytheendofthissection,youwillbeableto:1.learnsomenewwords,suchasinteraction,appropriateandapprove;2.readaboutthefunctionofbodylanguageanditsimplicationsindifferentcultures;3.graspthefeatureofexpositorywriting,likeitsstructureandlanguage;4.learnareadingstrategyaboutmakinginferencesbylookingatthecluesinthepassage;5.thinkcriticallyaboutbodylanguagebyrelatingittoyourowncultureandpersonalexperiences;6.respectdifferentcultures.本句出自羅蘭·巴特，言外之意是，在實際生活里，因為各種原因，言語表達并不完全真實可信。人們需要“察言觀色”，通過邏輯推理并觀察對方行為表現(xiàn)、肢體語言，甚至微表情來做綜合判斷。WhatIhidebylanguage,mybodyutters.—RolandBarthes我的身體會說出我用言語掩飾的話?！_蘭·巴特Let’slookanddiscuss.Lead-in

Wherearethey?

Whatmightthepeoplebedoinginthephotos?Whatdoyouthinktheymightbefeeling?Whydoyouthinkso?Agirliscovering

herfacewithherhand.

Awomansittingnexttoherislookingather.Maybeshereceivedbadnews.

Thegirlmightbefeelingdepressed.Thewomansittingnexttoherlooksworried.Twomenareclappinghandsandtwowomenarelaughing.Maybetheydidwellinaprojecttogether.Theseyoungpeoplelookhappyandcheerful.Twobusinessmenareshakinghandsandbowingtoeachother.Maybetheyaremakingabusinessdeal.Theyareshowingrespect.Theymightbeshowingrespecttoeachother.Amanishugginghisdaughterwhilehiswifeisstandingnexttohimandwatchingthem.Maybethemanisleavingforsomereason.Thedaughtermightbefeelingunwillingtoleaveherfather.Herfatherprobablyfeelsthesameway.Whenandhowdoyouusebodylanguagetoconveymeanings?Whenwordscan’tconveyfullywhatImean,ImayadoptsomebodylanguagetohelpshowhowIfeel.SampleAnswerChoosefivesentencesandactthemoutwithoutspeaking.Canyourpartnerguesswhatyouaretryingtocommunicate?Hello! Goodbye! Comehere! Goaway! Tooexpensive!I’msurprised! I’mtired. I’mconfused. OK! Goodluck!I’mhappy! I’mupset! I’msad! Iforgot! You’regreat!Howmanytypesofbodylanguagedoyoufindinyourperformance?facialexpressiongesturesmilemouthwide-openfrowncryshakehandsthumbupclaphands“OK”handLet’slookatthepicture.Whatdoyouthinktheyoungladymightwanttoconveywithherbodylanguage?OK?Zero?Money?...Pre-readingLet’slookatthetitleofthetext.Whatdoyouthinkwillbetalkedaboutinthetext?LISTENINGTOHOWBODIESTALKWeusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsinourinteractionswithotherpeople.Wecanlearnalotaboutwhatpeoplearethinkingbywatchingtheirbodylanguage.Wordsareimportant,butthewaypeoplestand,holdtheirarms,andmovetheirhandscanalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings.Skimthetextandfindthetopicsentencesoftheseparagraphs.While-readingJustlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.Forexample,makingeyecontact

—

lookingintosomeone’seyes

—

insomecountriesisawaytodisplayinterest.Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.Forexample,inmanyMiddleEasterncountries,menandwomenarenotsociallypermittedtomakeeyecontact.InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson.Thegesturefor“OK”hasdifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.InFrance,apersonencounteringanidenticalgesturemayinterpretitasmeaningzero.However,youshouldavoidmakingthisgestureinBrazilandGermany,asitisnotconsideredpolite.Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”

differaroundtheworld.Inmanycountries,shakingone’sheadmeans“no”,andnoddingmeans“yes”.Bycomparison,inBulgariaandsouthernAlbania,thegestureshavetheoppositemeaning.Therearealsodifferencesinhowwetoucheachother,howclosewestandtosomeonewearetalkingto,andhowweactwhenwemeetorpart.IncountrieslikeFranceandRussia,peoplemaykisstheirfriendsonthecheekwhentheymeet.Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.Somegesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeverywhere.Placingyourhandstogetherandrestingthemonthesideofyourheadwhileclosingyoureyesmeans“sleep”.Agoodwayofsaying“Iamfull”ismovingyourhandincirclesoveryourstomachafterameal.Somebodylanguagehasmanydifferentuses.Perhapsthebestexampleissmiling.Asmilecanhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers.Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.Wecanuseasmiletoapologise,togreetsomeone,toaskforhelp,ortostartaconversation.Expertssuggestsmilingatyourselfinthemirrortomakeyourselffeelhappierandstronger.Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.Let’ssummarizethemainideaoftheseparagraphs.ParagraphMainidea1Introductiontobodylanguage2-456BodylanguagewithdifferentmeaningsindifferentculturesBodylanguagewithdifferentusesBodylanguagewiththesamemeaningeverywhereReadthefirstparagraphandanswerthefollowingquestions.Ontheonehand,thissentenceintroducesthethemeofthisarticle:bodylanguageplaysanimportantroleincommunicationasmuchaswords;Ontheotherhand,thissentenceisatransitionalsentence.MakeinferencesSometimesapassagedoesnotsaysomethingdirectly.However,youcanfigureitoutbylookingatthecluesinthepassage.1.Canyouguessthemeaningoftheword“interaction”accordingtothetext?2.Whatisthefunctionofthelastsentence?communicationReadparagraphs2-5,fillinthetableonpage39.Bodylanguage/GestureMeaningCountry/RegionEyecontactbetweenmenandwomenNotpoliteMiddleEastLookingdownwhentalkingtosomeoneOKsignKissingonthecheekPlacingyourhandstogetherandrestingthemonthesideofyourheadwhileclosingyoureyesMovingyourhandincirclesoveryourstomachafteramealasignofrespectmoneyzeroNotpoliteAgreetingIamsleepy.Iamfull.JapanJapanFranceBrazilandGermanyFranceandRussianMostplacesLet’spayattentiontotheparagraphs2-4andidentifyhoweachparagraphisdeveloped.Finishthemindmap.topicsentencessupportingidea1supportingidea2contrastgeneralspecificLet’sreadparagraph6andthinkaboutthefollowingquestions.Whatdifferentusesofsmilingarementionedinthisparagraph?Findoutthevariedsentencestructuresusedtoshowusesofsmiling.Asmilecan... Wecanuseasmileto...Expertssuggestsmiling... ...thereisnothingbetterthanseeing...1.HowisthebodylanguagementionedinthetextinterpretedinChina?Bodylanguage/GestureInterpretationinChinaEyecontactOKgestureNoddingone’sheadShakingone’sheadshakinghandsPlacingyourhandstogetherandrestingthemonthesideofyourheadwhileclosingyoureyesMovingyourhandincirclesoveryourstomachafteramealinterest,friendlinessOK,agreementagreementdisagreementwhenmeetingsleepingIamfull.Post-reading2.CanyouthinkofanexampleofbodylanguagethatisappropriateinChinabutmightbemisunderstoodinanotherculture?Avoidingeyecontactandloweringone’sheadmaymeanrespectandbeingshyinChina,whereasinsomeothercountriesthisbodylanguagemaybeinterpretedasbeingrude.SampleAnswer3.Whatadviceonbodylanguagecanyougiveaforeignfriendonhis/herfirsttriptoChina?假如你是李華，你的英國朋友Robert準備來中國學習，因此想了解一些中國人的肢體語言。請你用英語給他寫封郵件，向他介紹一些日常的肢體語言。注意：1.

詞數(shù)100左右；

2.

可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3.

開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearRobert,

Iamgladtoreceiveyour

email.________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHuaDearRobert,Iamgladtoreceiveyouremail.NowIwilltellyousomethingaboutbodylanguageinChina.First,inChina,wewaveourhandstosay“hello”or“goodbye”.Second,weusuallygreetourguestsbyshakinghandswiththem.Ofcourse,somepeoplesmileinsteadofshakinghands.Third,whenyouareintroducedtoaChinesegroup,theymaygreetyouwithclappingtheirhands.Inaddition,likepeopleinmanyothercountries,wenodourheadstosay“yes”andshakeourheadstosay“no”.Lastbutnotleast,peoplewillholdtheirthumbsuptopraiseapersonifhedoessomethinggreat.Sometimes,webowtoshowgreatrespectandthankstoothers.Ihopethisinformationwillbehelpfultoyou.Yours,LiHuaSampleAnswerWatchthevideoSmileTrial,andthendiscussthequestionsingroups.Smilescanbeusedtohidefeelingslikeanger,fear,orworry.Canyoudescribeasituationwhereyoumightsmilewhenyoudon’tmeanit?Apartfromfakesmiles,isthereanyotherkindofbodylanguagethatcansometimesbefake?Whichisamorereliableguideforunderstandingsomeone’sfeelings,theirbodylanguageorthewordstheyspeak?SometimesIsmilewhenIamimpatient,butIknowIshouldn’tbe.Forexample,ifIamridingatrainandababystartscrying,Imaytrytosmile,becauseeventhoughthebaby’scryingisannoying,Iknowthatitisnotthebaby’sfaultandthereisprobablynothingthatcanbedone.Thereare“crocodiletears”.Thisiswhenapersonfakesfeelingsadorsympatheticforanotherperson.(Thephrasecomesfromanoldstorythatcrocodilescrywhiletheyareeating,asthoughtheyfeelsadfortheirvictim.)Theirbodylanguageismuchmorereliablethanthewordstheysay,becausemostpeoplehavetroublehidingtheiranger,disappointment(失望),orirritation(惱怒).SampleAnswersExerciseReviewthepassageandfillintheblankswiththeexpressions.LISTENINGTOHOWBODIESTALKThegeneralintroductionBothwordsandbodylanguageareusedto1.

thoughtsandopinions.Wecanlearnalotaboutothers’thoughtsbywatching2.

.ThebodylanguageindifferentculturesBodylanguage3.

fromculturetoculture.Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatis4.

tothecultureyouarein.expresstheirbodylanguagevariesappropriateThegesturefor“OK”Ithasdifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.InJapanitmeans5.

.InFrance,itmeanszero.However,itisnotconsidered6.

inBrazilandGermany.Thegesturesfor“yes”and“no”Ingeneral,shakingone’sheadmeans“no”,andnoddingmeans“yes”.ButinBulgariaandsouthernAlbania,theyhavethe7.

.ThegestureswiththesamemeaningPlacingyourhandstogetherandrestingthemonthesideofyourheadwhileclosingyoureyesmeans“sleep”.Movingyourhand8.

overyourstomachafteramealmeans“Iamfull”.ThebodylanguagewithdifferentusesAsmilecanhelpus9.

difficultsituations,findfriendsinaworldofstrangers,and10._____________barriers.Wecanuseasmiletoapologise,togreetsomeone,toaskforhelp,ortostartaconversation.moneypoliteoppositemeaningincirclesgetthroughbreakdownWordsandExpressionsWeusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsinourinteractionswithotherpeople.(P38)

在與他人的交往中，我們用話語和肢體語言來表達自己的思想和觀點。interaction

/??nt?r??k??n/

n.

交流；相互影響搭配interactionbetweenperformersandtheiraudience

演員和觀眾之間的互動thedegreeofinteractionbetweenteacherandstudent

師生之間交流的程度

例句Priceisdeterminedthroughtheinteractionofdemandandsupply.價格是通過供需消長而定的。Howwouldthisaffecttheirinteractionswithothers?這會如何影響他們與他人的互動？

Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.(P38)

不同的文化有著不同的肢體語言，這與口頭語言相似。vary

/?ve?ri/

vi.

（根據(jù)情況）變化；改變搭配varyfromsthtosth

從……到……之間變化varyslightly

有少許不同

例句Testscoresvaryfromschooltoschool.測驗成績各校不同。Cookingtimesmayvaryslightly,dependingonyouroven.烹飪時間可能略有不同，因烤爐而異。Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.(P38)

使用肢體語言時，最重要的是要符合你所處的文化。appropriate

/?'pr??pri?t/

adj.

合適的；恰當?shù)拇钆鋓tisappropriate(forsb)todosth

（對某人來說）做某事適宜

例句Nowthattheproblemhasbeenidentified,appropriateactioncanbetaken.現(xiàn)在既已找出問題的癥結(jié)，即可采取適當行動。Itwouldnotbeappropriateformetodiscussthatnow.我現(xiàn)在來討論那件事不合時宜。Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.(P38)

相反，在另一些國家，眼神交流并不總是被認可。approve

/?'pru?v/

vi.

贊成；同意

vt.

批準；通過搭配approveofsb/sth

同意……

例句Doyouapproveofmyidea?你同意我的想法嗎？Thecommitteeunanimouslyapprovedtheplan.委員會一致通過了計劃。拓展disapprove

v.不贊同；反對

InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson.(P38)

在日本，與年長者交談時，目光下垂表示敬重。demonstrate

/'dem?nstre?t/

vt.

表現(xiàn)；表達；說明；證明

例句Thestudydemonstratesthelinkbetweenpovertyandmalnutrition.這項研究證明了貧困與營養(yǎng)不良之間的聯(lián)系。Thegovernmentnowhasanopportunitytodemonstrateitscommitmenttoreform.政府現(xiàn)在有機會證實其對改革的承諾了。拓展demonstration

n.游行，示威；示范，演示

InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.(P38)

在日本，一個人看到另外一個人使用這一手勢，可能會認為這表示金錢。witness

/'w?tn?s/

vt.當場看到；目擊；見證

n.

目擊者；證人

例句Severalresidentsclaimtohavewitnessedtheattack.幾位居民稱目擊了這個襲擊事件。Recentyearshavewitnessedagrowingso