新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)讀寫(xiě)教程第三冊(cè)u(píng)1-u3課文翻譯

.專業(yè).專注.LovewithoutlimitationsMybrother,Jimmy,didnotgetenoughoxygenduringadifficultdelivery,leavinghimwithbraindamage,andtwoyearslaterIwasborn.我哥哥吉米出生時(shí)遇上難產(chǎn)因?yàn)槿毖鯇?dǎo)致大腦受損。兩年后我出生了。Sincethen,myliferevolvedaroundmybrother's.從此以后我的生活便圍繞我哥哥轉(zhuǎn)。Accompanyingmygrowingupwasalways"gooutandplayandtakeyourbrotherwithyou".伴隨我成長(zhǎng)的是“到外面去玩把你哥哥也帶上?！盜couldn'tgoanywherewithouthim,soIurgedtheneighborhoodkidstocometomyhouseforsomeout-of-controlkid-centeredfun.不帶上他我是哪里也去不了的。因此我慫恿鄰居的孩子到我家來(lái)盡情地玩孩子們玩的游戲MymothertaughtJimmypracticalthingslikehowtobrushhisteethorputonabelt.我母親教吉米學(xué)習(xí)日常自理比如刷牙或系皮帶什么的。Myfather,asaint,simplyheldthehousetogetherwithhispatienceandunderstanding.我父親宅心仁厚他的耐心和理解使一家人心貼著心。IwasinchargeoutsidewhereIadministeredjusticebytrackingdowntheparentsofthekidswhopickedonmybrother,andtellingonthem..word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.我則負(fù)責(zé)外面的事找到那些欺負(fù)我哥哥的孩子們的父母告他們的狀為我哥哥討回公道。MyfatherandJimmywereinseparable.父親和吉米形影不離。Theyatebreakfasttogetherandonweekdaysdroveofftothenavyshippingcentereverymorningwheretheybothworked—Jimmyunloadedcolor-codedboxes.他們一道吃早飯平時(shí)每天早上一道開(kāi)車(chē)去海軍航運(yùn)中心他們都在箱子。Atnightafterdinner,theywouldtalkandplaygameslateintotheevening.一道交談玩游戲直到深夜。Theyevenwhistledthesametunes.甚至用口哨吹相同的曲調(diào)。那里工作吉米在那搬卸標(biāo)有彩色代號(hào)的晚飯后他們他們Sowhenmyfatherdiedofaheartattackin1991,Jimmywasawreck,beneathhiscarefuldisguise.所以父親1991年因心臟病去世時(shí)吉米盡量不表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。幾乎崩潰了盡管他Hewassimplyindisbelief.他就是不能相信父親去世這一事實(shí)。Usuallyveryagreeable,henowquitspeakingaltogetherandnoamountofwordscouldpenetratethevacantexpressionheworeonhisface.通常他是一個(gè)令人愉快的人現(xiàn)在卻一言不發(fā)無(wú)論說(shuō)多少話都不能透過(guò)他木然的臉部表情了解他的心事。.word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.Ihiredsomeonetolivewithhimanddrivehimtowork,butnomatterhowmuchItriedtomakethingsstaythesame,evenJimmygraspedthattheworldhe'dknownwasgone.我雇了怎么努力地維持原狀吉米一個(gè)人和他住在一起開(kāi)車(chē)送他去上班。然而不管我還是認(rèn)為他熟悉的世界已經(jīng)消失了。OnedayIasked,"YoumissDad,don'tyou?"有一天我問(wèn)他你是不是想念爸爸Hislipsquiveredandthenheasked,"Whatdoyouthink,Margaret?Hewasmybestfriend."他的嘴唇顫抖了幾下然后問(wèn)我你怎么看瑪格麗特他是我最好的朋友?！監(jiān)urtearsbegantoflow.接著我倆都流下了眼淚MymotherdiedoflungcancersixmonthslaterandIalonewaslefttolookafterJimmy.六個(gè)月后母親因肺癌去世剩下我一人來(lái)照顧吉米。Hedidn'tadjusttogoingtoworkwithoutmyfatherrightaway,sohecameandlivedwithmeinNewYorkCityforawhile.吉米不能馬上適應(yīng)去上班時(shí)沒(méi)有父親陪著因此搬來(lái)紐約和我一起住了一段時(shí)間。HewentwhereverIwentandseemedtoadjustprettywell.我走到哪里他就跟到哪里他好像適應(yīng)得很好。Still,Jimmylongedtoliveinmyparents'houseandworkathisoldjobandIpledged.word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.tohelphimreturn.但吉米依然想住在我父母的房子里繼續(xù)干他原來(lái)的工作。我答應(yīng)把他送回去。Eventually,Iwasabletoworkitout.此事最后做成了。Hehaslivedtherefor11yearsnowwithmanydifferentcaretakersandblossomedonhisown.如今他在那里生活了11年在許多人的照料下同時(shí)依靠自己生活得有聲有色。Hehasbecomeessentialtotheneighborhood.他已成了鄰里間不可或缺的人物。Whenyouhaveanymailtobepickeduporyourdogneedswalking,heisyourman.如果你有郵件要收或有狗要遛他就是你所要的人。Mymotherwasright,ofcourse:Itwaspossibletohaveahomewithroomforbothhislimitationsandmyambitions.當(dāng)然母親的話沒(méi)錯(cuò)可以有一個(gè)家既能容納他的缺陷又能裝下我的雄心。Infact,caringforsomeonewholovesasdeeplyandappreciatesmyeffortsasmuchasJimmydoeshasenrichedmylifemorethananythingelseevercouldhave.事實(shí)上關(guān)照像吉米這樣一個(gè)深?lèi)?ài)又感激我的人更加豐富了我的生活其他任何東西都不能與之相比。ThishithomeafewdaysaftertheSeptember11thdisasteronJimmy's57thbirthday.這一點(diǎn)在9·11災(zāi)難后幾天更顯真切。那天是吉米57歲生日。.word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.IhadapartyforhiminmyhomeinNewYork,butnoneofourfamilycouldjoinusbecausetravelwasdifficultandtheywerestillreckoningwiththesheerterrorthedisasterhadbrought.我在紐約自己的家里為他舉辦生日宴會(huì)但是我們家的人都沒(méi)能來(lái)參加因?yàn)榻煌ɡщy而且災(zāi)難帶來(lái)的恐懼使他們依然心有余悸。Icalledonmyfaithfulfriendstohelpmakeitamerryandfestiveoccasion,ignoringthefactthatmostofthemwereemotionallydrainedandexhausted.我邀請(qǐng)了我的好友請(qǐng)他們來(lái)幫忙把宴會(huì)弄得熱鬧些增加點(diǎn)歡快氣氛沒(méi)去理會(huì)他們多數(shù)人在情感上都有些疲憊這一事實(shí)。Insteadofthecustomary"Nogifts,please",Ishouted,"Gifts!Please!"于是我一反常態(tài)沒(méi)說(shuō)“請(qǐng)不要帶禮物而是喊“請(qǐng)帶禮物來(lái)”。向他們Myfriends—peopleJimmyhadcometoknowovertheyears—broughttheidealpresents:countrymusicCDs,asweatshirt,oneleatherbeltwith"J-I-M-M-Y"onit,aknittedwoolhatandacowboycostume.我的朋友──吉米認(rèn)識(shí)他們多年了──帶來(lái)了中意的禮物鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)CD、一件長(zhǎng)袖運(yùn)動(dòng)一套牛仔服。衫、一條有“吉米”字樣的皮帶、一頂編織的羊毛帽還有Theeveningleduptothegiftsandthenthechocolatecakefromhisfavoritebakery,andofcoursethe<38>ceremony</38>wasn'tcompletewithoutthesinging.晚上我們先是送禮物然后是切從他喜歡的面包店里買(mǎi)來(lái)的巧克力蛋糕當(dāng)然還唱歌否則宴會(huì)了“生日就不算完整了。.word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.AthousandtimesJimmyasked,"Isittimeforthecakeyet?"吉米一次次地問(wèn)該切蛋糕了吧AfterdinnerandthegiftsJimmycouldnolongerberestrained.再也控制不住了。等用完餐和送完禮物后吉米Heanxiouslywaitedforthecandlestobelitandthenblewthemoutwithonelongbreathasweallsang"HappyBirthday".他焦急地等著點(diǎn)上蠟燭然后在我們“生日快樂(lè)”的歌聲中一口長(zhǎng)氣吹滅了蠟燭。Jimmywasn'tsatisfiedwithoureffort,though.然而吉米對(duì)我們的努力還是感到不滿足。Hejumpeduponthechairandstooderectpointingbothindexfingersintotheairtoconductusandyelled,"One...more...time!"他縱身跳到椅子上直挺著身子雙手食指朝天一邊喊一邊指揮我們唱歌再──來(lái)──次Wesangwithalloftheenergyleftinoursoulsandwhenwewerefinishedheputbothhisthumbsupandshouted,"Thatwassuper!"我們?nèi)σ愿暗爻４覀兂陼r(shí)他翹起兩個(gè)拇指喊道好極了Wehadwantedtolethimknowthatnomatterhowdifficultthingsgotintheworld,therewouldalwaysbepeoplewhocaredabouthim.本來(lái)我們想讓他知道無(wú)論世上有多難的事情總是有人來(lái)關(guān)心他。Weendedupremindingourselvesinstead.現(xiàn)在反倒是提醒了我們自己。.word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.ForJimmy,thelovewithwhichwesangwasawelcome<45>bonus</45>,butmostlyhehadjustwantedtoseeeveryoneelsehappyagain.對(duì)于吉米來(lái)說(shuō)我們唱歌時(shí)的愛(ài)心是他心中額外的禮物但是他原先更想看到的是別人再次感到快樂(lè)Justasmyfather'sdeathhadchangedJimmy'sworldovernight,September11thchangedourlives;theworldwe'dknownwasgone.界9·11也改變了我們的生活我們有如父親的去世一夜之間改變了吉米的世熟悉的世界不復(fù)存在了。But,aswesangforJimmyandheldeachothertightafterwardprayingforpeacearoundtheworld,wewereremindedthattheconstantloveandsupportofourfriendsandfamilywouldgetusthroughwhateverlifemightpresent.但是當(dāng)我們?yōu)榧壮柘嗷ゾo擁祈禱全球和平時(shí)我們也意識(shí)到朋友、家人間永恒的愛(ài)和支持可以讓我們克服生活中的任何困難。ThesimplicitywithwhichJimmyhadreconciledeverythingforusshouldnothavebeensurprising.吉米以樸素的方式為我們協(xié)調(diào)了眼前的一切他做到這一點(diǎn)并不令人吃驚。TherehadneverbeenanylimitationstowhatJimmy'slovecouldaccomplish.任何東西都限制不了的。吉米的愛(ài)可以征服一切這是.word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.IRONANDTHEEFFECTSOFEXERCISESportsmedicineexpertshaveobservedforyearsthatenduranceathletes,particularlyfemales,frequentlyhaveirondeficiencies.運(yùn)動(dòng)醫(yī)學(xué)專家經(jīng)過(guò)多年的觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)耐力運(yùn)動(dòng)員特別是女性經(jīng)常會(huì)缺鐵。NowanewstudybyateamofPurdueUniversityresearcherssuggeststhatevenmoderateexercisemayleadtoreducedironinthebloodofwomen.普渡大學(xué)研究人員進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)新的研究表明即使是適度的鍛煉也可能會(huì)降低女性血液中的鐵含量。"Wefoundthatwomenwhowerenormallyinactiveandthenstartedaprogramofmoderateexerciseshowedevidenceofironloss,"saysRoseanneM.Lyle,associateprofessoratPurdue.“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那些通常不運(yùn)動(dòng)的女性一旦開(kāi)始適度的鍛煉就會(huì)出現(xiàn)鐵含量下降的跡象普渡大學(xué)羅斯安妮·M.萊爾副教授說(shuō)。Herstudyof62formerlyinactivewomenwhobeganexercisingthreetimesaweekforsixmonthswaspublishedinthejournalMedicine&ScienceinSports&Exercise.她對(duì)62名婦女進(jìn)行結(jié)果發(fā)表在《體育運(yùn)動(dòng)醫(yī)學(xué)》雜志上。這些婦女了研究并將研究與科學(xué)原先不怎么運(yùn)動(dòng)后來(lái)開(kāi)始了為期6個(gè)月、每周3次的鍛煉。.word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.Womenwhoconsumedadditionalmeatortookironsupplementswereabletobounceback,"shenotes.萊爾指出那些增食肉類(lèi)食品或服用鐵質(zhì)補(bǔ)劑的女性能夠恢復(fù)到健康狀態(tài)。Butthenewexerciserswhofollowedtheirnormaldietshowedadecreaseinironlevels."但突然參加鍛煉卻仍沿用舊食譜的人則顯示出鐵含量降低?！盜rondeficiencyisverycommonamongwomeningeneral,affectingoneinfourfemaleteenagersandoneinfivewomenaged18to45,respectively.缺鐵在女性中是很常見(jiàn)的每四個(gè)十幾歲的少女中有一人缺鐵每五個(gè)18至45歲的女性中有一人缺鐵。Buttheratioisevengreateramongactivewomen,affectingupto80percentoffemaleenduranceathletes.而在積極鍛煉的婦女中這一比例更高女耐力運(yùn)動(dòng)員中缺鐵者比例則高達(dá)80%。Thismeans,Lylesays,that"toomanywomenignoretheamountofirontheytakein".萊爾說(shuō)這意味著“太多女性忽視了自己攝入的鐵含量”。Womenofchildbearingageareatgreatestrisk,sincetheirmonthlybleedingisamajorsourceofironloss.育齡女性危險(xiǎn)最大因?yàn)樵陆?jīng)是鐵流失的重要原因之一。manyhealth-consciouswomenincreasetheirriskbyrejectingredmeat,whichcontainsthemosteasilyabsorbedformofiron..word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.此外許多保健意識(shí)太強(qiáng)的女性也很危險(xiǎn)因?yàn)樗齻兙芙^食用牛肉或羊肉而這些肉中含有的鐵最易被吸收。Andbecausewomenoftenrestricttheirdietinanefforttocontrolweight,theymaynotconsumeenoughiron-richfood,andareliabletoexperienceadeficiency.而且由于女性常常為了控制體重而節(jié)食從而未能攝取足夠的含鐵豐富的食物結(jié)果可能導(dǎo)致缺鐵。"Theaveragewomantakesinonlytwothirdsoftherecommendeddailyallowanceofiron,"notesanotherexpert.另一名專家指出普通女性每天攝入的鐵只是應(yīng)攝入量的三分之二?！?Forawomanwhoalreadyhasapoorironstatus,anyadditionalironlossfromexercisemaybeenoughtotipherovertheedgeintoamoreseriousdeficiency,"notestheexpert.他指出對(duì)于那些已經(jīng)缺鐵的女性任何因鍛煉而產(chǎn)生的更多鐵質(zhì)流失都足以導(dǎo)致體內(nèi)缺鐵狀況的惡化?！盓xercisecanresultinironlossthroughavarietyofmechanisms.種機(jī)制導(dǎo)致鐵流失。運(yùn)動(dòng)可能通過(guò)多Someironislostinsweat,and,forunknownreasons,intenseenduranceexerciseissometimesassociatedwithbleedingofthedigestivesystem.有些鐵隨汗液流失。另外由于某些未知的原因高強(qiáng)度的耐力運(yùn)動(dòng)有時(shí)會(huì)引起消化系統(tǒng)內(nèi)出血。.word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.Athletesinhigh-impactsportssuchasrunningmayalsoloseironthroughaphenomenonwheresmallbloodvesselsinthefeetleakblood.運(yùn)動(dòng)員從事跑步之類(lèi)高強(qiáng)度劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)也可能會(huì)因?yàn)樽悴垦苁а默F(xiàn)象而使鐵質(zhì)流失。Therearethreestagesofirondeficiency.缺鐵分為三個(gè)階段Thefirstandmostcommonishavinglowironreserves,aconditionthattypicallyhasnosymptoms.第一也即最常見(jiàn)的階段是鐵質(zhì)儲(chǔ)量不足。這一階段一般沒(méi)有癥狀。Fatigueandpoorperformancemaybegintoappearinthesecondstageofdeficiency,whennotenoughironispresenttoformthemoleculesofbloodproteinthattransportoxygentotheworkingmuscles.到了缺鐵的第二階段就會(huì)出現(xiàn)疲倦和力不從心此時(shí)體內(nèi)已沒(méi)有足夠的鐵來(lái)形成血蛋白分子將氧輸至運(yùn)動(dòng)肌肉。Inthethirdandfinalstage,peopleoftenfeelweak,tired,andoutofbreath—andexerciseperformanceisseverelycompromised.在第三即最后階段人常常感到虛弱、疲乏無(wú)力、喘不過(guò)氣運(yùn)動(dòng)成績(jī)大打折扣。"Peoplethinkthatifthey'renotatthethirdstage,nothingiswrong,butthat'snottrue,"saysJohnL.Beard,whohelpeddesignthePurduestudy.“人們認(rèn)為有什么問(wèn)題。這種想法是不對(duì)的?！睅椭O(shè)計(jì)普渡大只要不到第三階段就不會(huì)學(xué)研究的約翰·L.比爾德說(shuō)。.word可編輯..專業(yè).專注."You'renotinstage3untilyourironreservesgotozero,andifyouwaituntilthatpoint,you'reintrouble."“只有當(dāng)你的鐵儲(chǔ)量為零時(shí)你才會(huì)進(jìn)入第三階段。而你若坐等到這個(gè)時(shí)候你的麻煩就大了?！盚owever,mostpeoplewithlowironreservesdon'tknowtheyhaveadeficiency,becausetraditionalmethodsofcalculatingtheamountofironinblood(bycheckinglevelsofthebloodproteinthattransportsoxygen)arenotsufficient,Beardstates.然而比爾德指出大多數(shù)鐵質(zhì)儲(chǔ)量低的人并未意識(shí)到自己缺鐵因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)的檢測(cè)血液中鐵含量的方法──檢驗(yàn)血液中輸送氧氣的血蛋白的含量──是不夠的。Instead,it'simportanttochecklevelsofadifferentcompound,whichindicatetheamountofstorageofironintheblood.其實(shí)有必要檢查血液中另一種混合成分的含量它可以顯示血液中的鐵含量。Whileactive,childbearingagewomenaremostlikelytohavelowironstores,henotes,"Menarenotsafe,especiallyiftheydon'teatmeatandhaveahighlevelofphysicalactivity."他還指出雖然積極鍛煉的育齡婦女最有可能鐵含量低但男性也并非不缺鐵尤其是在他們不吃肉類(lèi)而又從事高強(qiáng)度的體力活動(dòng)的情況下?！?Anestimated15percentofmalelongdistancerunnershavelowironstores.)Beardandotherexpertssayit'sadvisableforpeopleinthesegroupstohavea<31>yearly</31>bloodtesttocheckbloodironreserves.估計(jì)有15%的男性長(zhǎng)跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員鐵含量低比爾德和其他專家都說(shuō)對(duì)這些人而言最好.word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.每年驗(yàn)一次血以測(cè)定血液中的鐵含量。Ifironlevelsarelow,talkwithaphysiciantoseeifthedeficiencyshouldbecorrectedbymodifyingyourdietorbytakingsupplements.如果鐵含量低就要去看醫(yī)生以確定是否該通過(guò)調(diào)整飲食或服用鐵質(zhì)補(bǔ)劑來(lái)校正不足。Ingeneral,it'sbettertoundotheproblembyaddingmoreiron-richfoodstothediet,becauseironsupplementscanhaveseriousshortcomings.Supplementsmayproduceafeelingofwantingtothrowup,andmaybepoisonousinsomecases.一般說(shuō)來(lái)解決問(wèn)題的最好方法是在食譜中增加含鐵豐富的食物因?yàn)殍F質(zhì)補(bǔ)劑可能存在嚴(yán)重缺陷。“服用鐵質(zhì)補(bǔ)劑可能使人想嘔吐有時(shí)甚至還會(huì)引起中毒。Thebestsourcesofiron,andtheonlysourcesoftheformofironmostreadilyabsorbedbythebody,aremeat,chicken,andfish.最好的鐵來(lái)源以及唯一最易為身體所吸收的鐵來(lái)源是肉、雞和魚(yú)。Goodsourcesofotherformsofironincludedates,beans,andsomeleafygreenvegetables.其他較好的鐵質(zhì)來(lái)源包括棗、豆類(lèi)和一些多葉綠色蔬菜?！?Selectbreadsandcerealswiththewords'iron-added'onthelabel,"writessportsdietexpertNancyClark.“選擇那些標(biāo)有?加鐵?字樣的面包和麥片營(yíng)養(yǎng)專家南希·克拉克寫(xiě)道"Thisaddedironsupplementsthesmallamountthatnaturallyoccursingrains.Eatthese.word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.foodswithplentifulVitaminC(forexample,drinkorangejuicewithcerealorputatomatoonasandwich)toenhancetheamountofironabsorbed."“這些增加的鐵質(zhì)補(bǔ)充了谷物中自然含鐵量的不足。將這些食物與含有大量維生素C的食物一起食用──比如吃麥片時(shí)喝橘子汁或在三明治內(nèi)夾上番茄──可以促進(jìn)鐵質(zhì)吸收。”Clarkalsorecommendscookinginironpans,asfoodcanderiveironfromthepanduringthecookingprocess.克拉克還建議用鐵鍋烹食因?yàn)榕胝{(diào)過(guò)程中食物能從鐵鍋中吸收鐵質(zhì)。"Theironcontentoftomatosaucecookedinanironpotforthreehoursshowedastrikingincrease,thelevelgoingupnearly30times,"shewrites.Andpeoplewhoarelikelytohavelowironshouldavoiddrinkingcoffeeorteawithmeals,shesays,sincesubstancesinthesedrinkscaninterferewithironbeingabsorbedintothebody.她寫(xiě)道在鐵右?！彼f(shuō)鐵含量可質(zhì)會(huì)妨礙身體對(duì)鐵質(zhì)的吸收。鍋內(nèi)烹煮了3個(gè)小時(shí)的番茄汁其鐵含量大大提高增加到原來(lái)的30倍左能低的人吃飯時(shí)應(yīng)避免喝咖啡或飲茶因?yàn)檫@些飲料中所含的物"Activewomenneedtobealotmorecarefulabouttheirfoodchoices,"sumsupPurdue'sLyle.“運(yùn)動(dòng)女性應(yīng)特別注意選擇飲食?！逼斩纱髮W(xué)的萊爾總結(jié)說(shuō)"Ifyoupayattentiontowarningsignsbeforeironreservesaregone,youcanremedythedeficiencybeforeitreallybecomesaproblem."“如果你在鐵含量流失之前就注意到了警告信號(hào)你就可以在它真正成為問(wèn)題之前彌補(bǔ)鐵質(zhì)的不足?！?word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.WHEREPRINCIPLESCOMEFIRSTTheHydeSchooloperatesontheprinciplethatifyouteachstudentsthemeritofsuchvaluesastruth,courage,integrity,leadership,curiosityandconcern,thenacademicachievementnaturallyfollows.海德中學(xué)的辦學(xué)宗旨是如果你向?qū)W生傳授諸如求真、勇敢、正直、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力、好奇心和關(guān)心他人等美德的話學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)自然就會(huì)提高。HydeSchoolfounderJosephGauldclaimssuccesswiththeprogramatthe$18,000-a-yearhighschoolinBath,Maine,whichhasreceivedconsiderablepublicityforitsworkwithtroubledyoungsters.該校的創(chuàng)始人約瑟夫·高爾德聲稱學(xué)校的教學(xué)很成功。海德中學(xué)位于緬因州巴思市每年的學(xué)費(fèi)高達(dá)1.8萬(wàn)美有方而聞名遐邇。元因其教導(dǎo)問(wèn)題少年"Wedon'tseeourselvesasaschoolforatypeofkid,"saysMalcolmGauld,Joseph'sson,whograduatedfromHydeandisnowheadmaster..word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.“我們并不把自己看作為某一類(lèi)孩子而開(kāi)設(shè)的學(xué)校馬爾科姆·高爾德說(shuō)。他是約瑟一所專夫的兒子畢業(yè)于海德中學(xué)現(xiàn)任海德中學(xué)校長(zhǎng)。"Weseeourselvesaspreparingkidsforawayoflife—bycultivatingacomprehensivesetofprinciplesthatcanaffectallkids."“我們把幫助孩子培養(yǎng)一種生活方式看作自己的職責(zé)辦法是倡導(dǎo)一整套能影響所有孩子的價(jià)值觀念。”Now,JoeGauldistryingtospreadhiscontroversialCharacterFirstideatopublic,inner-cityschoolswillingtousethetaxdollarsspentonthetraditionalprogramforthenewapproach.現(xiàn)在喬·高爾德(約瑟夫·高爾德)正試圖將他尚有爭(zhēng)議的“品德第一”的理念向舊城區(qū)的公立學(xué)校推廣。這些學(xué)校愿意將用于傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)計(jì)劃的稅金用于實(shí)施這一新的教學(xué)方法。ThefirstHydepublicschoolprogramopenedinSeptember1992.海德公立學(xué)校第一個(gè)教學(xué)計(jì)劃始于1992年9月。Withinmonthstheprogramwassuspended。但幾個(gè)月后該計(jì)劃即告暫停。Teachersprotestedtheprogram'sdemandsandthestrainassociatedwithmoreintensework.教師們對(duì)教學(xué)計(jì)劃的高要求以及高強(qiáng)度作工所帶來(lái)的壓力表示抗議。Thisfall,theHydeFoundationisscheduledtobeginapreliminarypublicschoolprograminBaltimore..word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.今年秋天海德基金會(huì)計(jì)劃在巴爾的摩啟動(dòng)初步的公立學(xué)校教學(xué)計(jì)劃。TeacherswillbetrainedtolaterworkthroughouttheentireBaltimoresystem.教師要接受培訓(xùn)以便今后能在整個(gè)巴爾的摩體系內(nèi)勝任工作。OtherUSschoolmanagersareeyeingtheprogram,too.美國(guó)其他學(xué)校的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)們也在關(guān)注這個(gè)教學(xué)計(jì)劃。Lastfall,theHydeFoundationopenedamagnetprogramwithinapublichighschoolinthesuburbsofNewHaven,Connecticut,overparents'protests.去年秋天在家長(zhǎng)的一片抗議聲中海德基金會(huì)在康涅狄格州紐黑文市郊區(qū)的一所中學(xué)內(nèi)目的教學(xué)計(jì)劃。Thecommunityfearedtheschoolwouldattractinner-city<10>minority</10>andtroubledstudents.當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駬?dān)心該?？赡苌?。啟動(dòng)了一個(gè)引人注招進(jìn)來(lái)舊城區(qū)的少數(shù)民族學(xué)生和問(wèn)題學(xué)AsinMaine,thequestfortruthisalsowidespreadattheschoolinConnecticut.得到廣泛推崇。就像在緬因州那樣求真也在康涅狄格州的這所中學(xué)InoneEnglishclass,the11studentsspendthelastfiveminutesinan<12>energetic</12>exchangeevaluatingtheirclassperformanceforthedayona1-10scale.在一堂英語(yǔ)課上11名學(xué)生用最后的5展開(kāi)激烈的討論依照110的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相互評(píng)價(jià)他們當(dāng)天的課堂表現(xiàn)。"Igeta10."“我得10分。”"Ichallengethat.Youdidn'tdoeitheryourgrammaroryourspellinghomework.".word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.“我有意見(jiàn)。你既沒(méi)做語(yǔ)法作業(yè)也沒(méi)做拼寫(xiě)練習(xí)?！?OK,aseven."“那好就7分吧?！?Yououghttogetasix."“你只能得6分?！?Wait,Iputmybesteffortforthhere."“等等我可是全力以赴的?！?Yeah,butyoudidn'taskquestionstoday."“是的可你今天沒(méi)提問(wèn)?！盓xplaininghisapproachtoeducation,JoeGauldsaystheconventionaleducationsystemcannotbereformed.在解釋自己的教育方法時(shí)喬·高爾德指出對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的教育體制不能只是改革。Henotes"noamountofchange"withthehorseandcarriage"willproduceanautomobile".他說(shuō)“無(wú)論怎樣改革用馬和馬車(chē)“是改革不出汽車(chē)的”。TheHydeSchoolassumes"everyhumanbeinghasauniquepotential"thatisbasedoncharacter,notintelligenceorwealth.海德中學(xué)認(rèn)為“每一個(gè)人都有自己的獨(dú)特潛能這種潛能的基礎(chǔ)是品格而不是智力或財(cái)富。良知和苦干受到推崇。Conscienceandhardworkarevalued.良知和苦干受到推崇。.word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.Successismeasuredbygrowth,notacademicachievement.成功由不斷進(jìn)步來(lái)衡量而不是由學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)來(lái)評(píng)定。Studentsarerequiredtotakeresponsibilityforeachother.學(xué)生必須相互負(fù)責(zé)。ToavoidthecontroversyofothercharacterprogramsusedinUSschools,Gauldsaystheconceptofdoingyourbesthasnothingtodowithforcingthestudentstoacceptaparticularsetofmoralsorreligiousvalues.為了避免美國(guó)中學(xué)使用的其他品格培養(yǎng)方案所引發(fā)的爭(zhēng)議高爾德解釋說(shuō)全力以赴”這一概念并不是要強(qiáng)迫學(xué)生接受某一套道德原則或宗教觀念TheHydecurriculumissimilartoconventionalschoolsthatprovidepreparationforcollege,completewithEnglish,history,mathandscience.海德中學(xué)的課程與那些為升入大學(xué)做準(zhǔn)備的傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校所開(kāi)設(shè)的課程相似包括英語(yǔ)、歷史、數(shù)學(xué)Butallstudentsarerequiredtotakeperformingartsandsports,andprovideacommunityservice.但所選修表演藝術(shù)和體育還要提供社區(qū)服務(wù)和自然科學(xué)。有的學(xué)生都必須Foreachcourse,studentsgetagradeforacademicachievementandfor"besteffort".在每門(mén)課程中學(xué)生都會(huì)得到一個(gè)綜合了學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)和“努力程度”的分?jǐn)?shù)。AtBath,97%ofthegraduatesattendfour-yearcolleges.在巴思市97%的海德中學(xué)本科。畢業(yè)生都升入了大學(xué).word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.CommitmentamongparentsisakeyingredientintheHydemixture.在海德中學(xué)的綜合教育中父母的參與是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的組成部分。Forthestudenttogainadmission,parentsalsomustagreetoacceptanddemonstratetheschool'sphilosophiesandoutlook.為了使孩子被該校錄取家長(zhǎng)也必須同意接受并實(shí)踐學(xué)校的思想和觀點(diǎn)。Theparentsagreeinwritingtomeetmonthlyinoneof20regionalgroups,gotoayearlythree-dayregionalretreat,andspendatleastthreetimesayearinworkshops,discussiongroupsandseminarsatBath.家長(zhǎng)們簽約同意每月出席一次區(qū)域小組會(huì)議(共20個(gè)區(qū)域小組)每年去區(qū)域休養(yǎng)所三天每年至少參加三次巴思市的研修班、討論組和研討會(huì)。ParentsofMainestudentshaveanattendancerateof95%inthemanysessions.在很多活動(dòng)中緬因州學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)的出席率高達(dá)95%。JoeandMalcolmGauldbothsaychildrentendtodotheirutmostwhentheyseetheirparentsmakingsimilarefforts.喬和馬爾科姆·高爾德都說(shuō)當(dāng)孩子們見(jiàn)到自己的父母都在全力以赴時(shí)他們也會(huì)竭盡全力。Thebiggestobstacleformanyparents,theysay,istorealizetheirownweaknesses.他們說(shuō)對(duì)許多家長(zhǎng)而言最困難的是讓他們意識(shí)到自己的不足。Theprocessforpublicschoolparentsisstillbeingworkedout,withalotmoredifficultybecauseitisdifficulttoconvinceparentsthatitisworthwhileforthemtoparticipate..word可編輯..專業(yè).專注.公立學(xué)校學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)的活動(dòng)計(jì)劃仍在制定之中。這項(xiàng)工作的困