中山大學(xué)國際翻譯學(xué)院《211翻譯碩士英語》專業(yè)碩士歷年考研真題及詳解

2010年中山大學(xué)國際翻譯學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解PARTⅠ GRAMMAR&VOCABULARY[60MIN](1×30＝30POINTS)Therearethirtysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Pleasechoosethecorrectanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswersontheanswersheet.1._____inthepast,atthemomentitisafavoritechoiceforweddinggown.A.UnpopularhasaswhitebeenB.UnpopularaswhitehasbeenC.UnpopularhasbeenaswhiteD.Whitehasbeenasunpopular【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：雖然白色在過去一直不受歡迎，但現(xiàn)在人們卻喜歡選白色為其婚紗的顏色。此句為as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管”“雖然”。通常從句要倒裝，倒裝的方法是將從句的表語或狀語放在as之前，其余部分均按陳述句語序放在as后。原句的表語是“unpopular”，所以將它提前，答案為B項。2.Whatthegovernmentshoulddourgentlyistotakeactionsto_____theeconomy.A.brookB.blushC.broodD.boost【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：采取措施促進經(jīng)濟增長是政府急需做的事。boost促進，增加，使興旺。brook（主要用于否定句）容忍，容許。blush（因害羞，尷尬等而）臉紅。brood沉思，考慮。3.Windstormshaverecentlyestablishedarecordwhichmeteorologistshopewillnotbeequaledformanyyears_____.A.thatwillcomeB.tocomeC.thatarecomingD.coming【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：最近暴風(fēng)的猛烈度已創(chuàng)記錄之最，氣象學(xué)家們預(yù)計未來幾年都不會有如此猛烈的風(fēng)暴。此處用不定式表示將來要發(fā)生的情況，所以B項正確。4.WeexpectMr.Smithwill_____ClassOnewhenMissWhiteretires.A.taketoB.takeupC.takeoffD.takeover【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：我們期望白老師退休后史密斯先生將接管一班。takeover接管，接任（職位）。taketo開始從事；喜歡。takeup占用（時間）。takeoff（飛機）起飛。5.Tomhardlyseemsmiddle-aged,_____old.A.letaloneB.lesslikelyC.muchworseD.allelse【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：湯姆看起來不像已到中年，更不用說是像老年人了。letalone更不必說。lesslikely不太可能。muchworse更糟。6.Allwasdarkness_____anoccasionalglimmerinthedistance.A.exceptB.nomorethanC.besidesD.exceptfor【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：一片漆黑，除了遠處偶爾有一點微光。exceptfor除……以外，后面接名詞。nomorethan僅僅，只有。besides除……，還有。except雖然也可以做“除……以外”來講，但強調(diào)所排除的“不包括在內(nèi)”，一般表示同類之間的關(guān)系；exceptfor也表示“除……以外”，指對某種基本情況進行具體的細節(jié)方面的修正，后接詞與主語不屬同類。7.Theprospectofincreasedpriceshasalready_____worries.A.irritatedB.provokedC.inspiredD.hoisted【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：物價可能要升高，這已經(jīng)引起了很多人的擔心。provoke誘導(dǎo)，導(dǎo)致；激起。irritate使惱怒，使煩躁。inspire鼓舞，激勵。hoist舉起，升起。8.Herfatherissodeafthathehastouseahearing_____.A.aidB.helpC.supportD.tool【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：她父親的聽力如此差，以至于他不得不用聽力助聽器。ahearingaid助聽器，固定詞組。9.Fromthecheersandshoutsof_____,Iguessedthatshewaswinningtherace.A.stimulusB.hearteningC.urgingD.encouragement【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：我從鼓勵的歡呼聲中可猜出她贏了比賽。encouragement鼓勵。stimulus刺激；刺激品。heartening鼓舞人心的，令人振奮的。urge催促；力勸。10.Althoughthemodellooksgoodonthesurface,itwillnotbearclose_____.A.temperamentB.scrutinyC.contaminationD.symmetry【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：雖然這個模型表面上看起來很不錯，但它經(jīng)不起仔細的檢查。scrutiny詳細的檢查，仔細的觀察。temperament氣質(zhì)，性情。contamination污染。symmetry勻稱，整齊。11.Itisthefirstbookofthiskind_____I’veeverread.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：這是我讀過的第一本這類型的書。本題考查定語從句中關(guān)系代詞的選擇。題中關(guān)系代詞在從句中做賓語，故排除C，D項。而先行詞是序數(shù)詞或由序數(shù)詞修飾時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that，不能用which，所以選B項。12.Thekidisreaching_____abottlefromtheshelfwhenIcamein.A.toB.forC.atD.in【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：當我進來時，小孩正伸手拿書架上的瓶子。reachfor伸手去拿。reachto達到。reach一般不與“in”和“at”搭配使用。13.Thepolicechiefannouncedthatthecasewouldsoonbeinquired_____.A.intoB.ofC.afterD.about【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：警察局長宣布說他們將很快展開對案情的調(diào)查。inquireinto調(diào)查。inquireafter問候。inquireabout詢問，打聽。14.Hergrandfatheraccidentally_____firetothehouse.A.putB.setC.tookD.got【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：很意外，他祖父把房子點燃了。setfireto點燃，放火燒，是固定詞組。15._____canhelpbutbefascinatedbytheworldintowhichheistakenbysciencefiction.A.AnybodyB.EverybodyC.SomebodyD.Nobody【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：科幻小說帶他進入了另外一個世界，每個人都情不自禁地被這個世界所深深吸引。nobodycanhelpbut相當于everybodycan’thelpbut，意思為“大家都情不自禁地……”。16.The_____outcomeofthecontestvariesfrommomenttomoment.A.aptB.likelyC.liableD.prone【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：比賽結(jié)果可能每分鐘都在變化。likely很可能的。apt易于……的。liable易患……的。prone有……傾向的。17.Anyonegoingintoabar,whetherthey_____suspicionornot,willbeaskedtotakeatest,whichhighlightsanydruguse.A.ariseB.riseC.raiseD.arouse【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：任何一個去酒吧的人，不管他引起懷疑與否，都將被要求進行檢測，這突出了對吸毒進行控制的力度。arouse喚起，激起；叫醒。arise不及物動詞，表示“升起；出現(xiàn)”。rise一般為不及物動詞，表示“升高，增加”。raise及物動詞，表示“舉起，提升”。18.Hisaccentis_____topeopleinthatsmalltown.A.typicalB.peculiarC.characteristicD.special【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：他的口音是那個小鎮(zhèn)上的人們所特有的。bepeculiarto特有的，獨具的。betypicalof典型的。becharacteristicof特有的，獨特的。special專門的。19.Stealingabookoratoyisaminor_____which,ifleftuncorrected,willgetworse.A.offenseB.guiltC.crimeD.sin【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：偷書或偷玩具是一種未成年人犯罪，如果不被糾正，將來將會釀成大錯。minorcrime未成年人犯罪，固定詞組。offense罪過，犯法（行為）。guilt犯罪；過失。sin罪，罪孽。20.Thisbookcomesasa_____tohimwholearnsalotfromit.A.revelationB.replacementC.resolutionD.revolution【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：這本書對他而言是一種啟示，他從書中學(xué)到了很多。revelation啟示，揭示。replacement代替，替換。resolution解決，解答。revolution革命。21.Hemanagedtosave_____hecouldtotendthehomelessboy,A.whatlittletimeB.solittletimeC.suchlittletimeD.howlittletime【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：他努力節(jié)省他僅有的一點時間來照顧這個無家可歸的男孩?！皐hatlittle＋n.”表示“所僅有的……”，what后面接名詞。22.Afterreviewingthetroops,_____visitinggeneralcommentedthathehadfinallyseenthekindof_____soldierthatthenationneeds.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;/D.the;the【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：檢閱了軍隊之后，將軍評論說他已從他們身上看到了國家所需的那種戰(zhàn)士。visitinggeneral在這里做主語，并且是特指那個將軍，所以用定冠詞?！皌hekindof＋名詞”表示“……這一類的”，名詞前不加冠詞，所以選C項。23.Ineverthinkoffall_____IthinkofthehardshipsIhaveexperiencedwhenIwasachild.A.thatB.whenC.butD.and【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：當我想起我小時候經(jīng)歷的困苦時，我就從不會讓自己墮落。when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。24.Withindecades,PAN-typeresearchwilltransformtheInternetintotheLifeNet,acomprehensive_____environmentforhumanhabitation.A.sensoryB.sensibleC.sensitiveD.sensational【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：在數(shù)十年內(nèi)，個人局域網(wǎng)研究將會將因特網(wǎng)變成救生網(wǎng)，即一個全面合理的人類居住環(huán)境。sensible明智的，合情理的。sensory知覺的，感覺的。sensational引起轟動的，轟動社會的。sensitive敏感的；易受傷害的。25.OutsidepeoplewerecheeringandawaitingthearrivaloftheNewYearwhileinsideHarrywaslyingseverelyillinbedfeelingthoroughly_____.A.ignobleB.compassionateC.unconsciousD.wretched【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：人們正在外面歡呼，等待著新年的到來。而哈利卻重病在床，他感到非常痛苦。wretched悲慘的，痛苦的。ignoble卑鄙的。compassionate有同情心的。unconscious不省人事的，失去知覺的。26.Formostcompaniesandfactories,thefewertheinjury_____,thebettertheirworkman’sinsurancerate.A.proclamationsB.confirmsC.declarationsD.claims【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：對大部分公司或工廠而言，傷害索賠越少，員工的保險費率就越高。injuryclaim傷害索賠，是固定詞組。proclamation宣布，公布。confirm證實，確認。declaration宣布，宣告。27.Iam_____gratefulforthemanykindnessesyouhaveshownmyson.A.excessivelyB.muchC.certainlyD.exceedingly【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：我非常感謝你能如此友善地對我兒子。exceedingly非常地；極度地。excessively過度地，極度地。certainly肯定地。28.Itwasrequestedthatalloftheequipment_____intheagreedtime.A.erectedB.beerectedC.wouldbeerectedD.willbeerected【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：所有的設(shè)備要求在議定時間安裝好?！癐twasrequestedthat...”中，從句要用虛擬語氣“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。29.Wewillbelosingmoneythisyearunlessthatneweconomicplanofyours_____miracle.A.isworkingB.worksC.willbeworkingD.worked【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：除非你的新經(jīng)濟規(guī)劃能創(chuàng)造奇跡，否則我們就要遭受經(jīng)濟損失了。work造成，引起，激起。unless引導(dǎo)的條件從句中，一般用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時。30.Withintwohourshiscomplexion_____colourandhislimbsbecamewarm.A.tookonB.tooktoC.tookupD.tookdown【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：在兩個小時內(nèi)，他的面色呈現(xiàn)血色，手臂變得有溫度了。takeon呈現(xiàn)。taketo開始從事；喜歡。takeup占用。takedown拒絕。PARTⅡ READINGCOMPREHENSION[60MIN](1.5×20＋2×5＝40POINTS)Inthissectiontherearefivereadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof20multiple-choicequestionsand5short-answerquestions.Pleasereadthepassagesandthenwriteyouranswersontheanswersheet.TEXTAChildrenasyoungasfourwillstudyShakespeareinaprojectbeinglaunchedtodaybytheRoyalShakespeareCompany.TheRSCisholdingitsfirstnationalconferenceforprimaryschoolteacherstoencouragethemtousetheBard’splaysimaginativelyintheclassroomfromreceptionclassesonwards.TheconferencewillbetoldthattheyshouldlearnhowShakespeariancharacterslikePuckinAMidsummerNight’sDreamare“jollycharacters”andhowtowriteaboutthem.Atpresent,thenationalcurriculumdoesnotrequirepupilstoapproachShakespeareuntilsecondaryschool.Allitsaysisthatpupilsshouldstudy“textsdrawnfromavarietyofculturesandtraditions”and“myths,legendsandtraditionalstories”.However,educationistsattheRSCbelievechildrenwillgainabetterappreciationofShakespeareiftheyareintroducedtohimatamuchyoungerage.“EvenveryyoungchildrencanenjoyShakespeare’splays,”saidMaryJohnson,headofthelearningdepartment.“Itisjustaquestionofpitchingitfortheagegroup.Evenreceptionclassesandkeystageonepupils(five-to-seven-year-olds)canenjoyhisstories.“Forinstance,ifyoubuildupPuckasacharacterwhoskips,childrenofthatagecanenjoythecharacter.TheycanbeinspiredbyPuckandtheycouldevenstartwritingabouthimatthatage.”ItistheRSC’sbeliefthatbuildingtheBardupasafunplaywrightinprimaryschoolcouldcountersomeofthenegativeimagesconjuredupaboutteachingShakespeareinsecondaryschools.Then,pupilshavetoconcentrateonscenesfromtheplaystoanswerquestionsforcompulsoryEnglishnational-curriculumtestsfor14-year-olds.Criticsofthetestshavecomplainedthatpupilsnolongerhavethetimetostudyorreadthewholeplay—andthereforeloseinterestinShakespeare.However,Ms.Johnsonisencouragingteacherstopresent20-minuteversionsoftheplays—aclassroomversionoftheReducedShakespeareCompany’sCompleteWorksofShakespeare(Abridged)whichtoldhis37playsin97minutes—togivepupilsaflavourofthewholedrama.TheRSC’sventurecoincideswithacallforschoolstoallowpupilstobemorecreativeinwritingaboutShakespeare.ProfessorKateMcLuskie,thenewdirectoroftheUniversityofBirmingham’sShakespeareInstitute—alsobasedinStratford—saiditwastimetogetawayfromtheideathattherewas“arightanswer”toanyquestionaboutShakespeare.HerfirstforayintotheworldofShakespearewastoberatehimasamisogynistina1985essaybutshenowinsiststhisshouldnotbeinterpretedasacriticismofhisworks—althoughsheadmits:“Iprobablywouldn’thavewrittenitquitethesamewayifIhadbeenwritingitnow.WhatweshouldbedoingismakingsurethatsomeoneisgettingsomethingoutofShakespeare,”shesaid.“Peopleareveryscaredaboutgettingtherightanswer.Iknowit’sdifficultbutIdon’tcareiftheycomeupwitharightanswerthatIcanagreewithaboutShakespeare.”31.Whatisthispassagemainlyconcernedwith?A.HowtogivepupilsaflavorofShakespearedrama.B.ThefunofreadingShakespeare.C.RSCprojectwillteachchildrenhowtowriteonShakespeare.D.RSCprojectwillhelpfour-year-oldchildrenfindthefuninShakespeare.32.What’sPuck’scharacteristicaccordingtoyourunderstandingofthepassage?A.Rude,rushandimpolite.B.Happy,interestingandfulloffun.C.Dull,absurdandridiculous.D.Shrewd,cunningandtricky.33.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.TheRSCinsistsonteachingShakespearefromthesecondaryschool.B.Pupilsshouldstudy“textsdrawnfromavarietyofculturesandtraditions”requiredbythenationalcurriculum.C.ThenationalcurriculumdoesnotrequirepupilstoapproachShakespeareuntilsecondaryschoolnow.D.RSCbelieveschildrenwillgainabetterappreciationofShakespeareiftheyareintroducedtohimatamuchyoungerage.34.Ms.Johnsonencouragesteacherstopresent20-minuteversionsoftheplaysinorderto_____.A.introducethemintotheworldofShakespeareB.dealwiththefinalexaminationonShakespeareC.givepupilsaflavourofthewholedramaD.strengthenthestudentswiththeknowledgeofShakespeare35.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.ProfessorKateMcLuskieoncescoldedShakespeareinheressay.B.ProfessorKateMcLuskieinsistedonherviewonShakespearetillnow.C.ProfessorKateMcLuskiehaschangedherideanow.D.Ms.Katethinksitwastimetogetawayfromtheideathattherewas“arightanswer”toanyquestionaboutShakespeare.【答案與解析】31.A 主旨大意題?？v觀全文，文章都在講RSC如何讓孩子們更好學(xué)習(xí)莎士比亞作品的事，A項表述更全面。C，D只是其中一部分內(nèi)容，不具有概括性。32.B 細節(jié)題。文中第二段第二句提到，這次會議將會讓學(xué)校的老師知道莎士比亞塑造的人物，如《第十二夜》中的Puck，都是一些有趣的人物，并讓他們知道該如何描述這些人物?？梢姡恼抡J為Puck這個人物是有趣的。所以選B項。33.A 第四段第一句提到，RSC的教育家們認為如果在孩子們還很小的時就讓他們了解莎士比亞，他們會對莎士比亞的作品有更好的理解?？梢?，RSC是贊成早點教孩子們莎士比亞的作品的，而不是等孩子們到了初中才開始接觸，所以A項的表述是錯誤的。34.C 第六段最后一句說到，“togivepupilsaflavourofthewholedrama”，可見，是為了讓孩子們完整全面地了解戲劇，所以選項C正確。35.B 此題可用排除法。從最后一段第三句“HerfirstforayintotheworldofShakespearewastoberatehimasamisogynist...butshenowinsiststhisshouldnotbeinterpretedasacriticismofhisworks”可看出，她曾痛斥莎士比亞，但她現(xiàn)在認為那并不是對其作品的批評，所以A，C正確，B項錯誤。第二句提到“itwastimetogetawayfromtheideathattherewas‘a(chǎn)rightanswer’toanyquestionaboutShakespeare”可見，D也正確。TEXTBSomebelievethatintheageofidentikitcomputergames,massentertainmentandconformityonthesupermarketshelves,trulyinspiredthinkinghasgoneoutofthewindow.But,thereareotherswhoholdtheviewthatthereisstillplentyofscopeforinnovation,lateralthoughtandcreativesolutions.Despitethestandardizationofmodernlife,thereisanunabatedappetiteforgreatideas,visionarythinkingandinspireddebate.Inthefirstofaseriesofmonthlydebatesoncontemporaryissues,weasktwooriginalthinkerstodiscussthenatureofcreativity.Hereisthefirstone.Yes.Absolutely.SinceIstartedworkingasaninventor10or12yearsago,I’veseenabigchangeinattitudestocreativityandinvention.Backthen,therewashardlyanysupportforinventors,apartfromthenationalorganizationtheInstituteofPatenteesandInventors.Today,therearelotsoflittleinventors’clubspoppingupallovertheplace,mylastcountwas19nationallyandgrowing.Thesenon-profitclubs,runbyinventorsforinventors,areanindicationthatpeopleareonceagaininterestedininvention.I’vebeenaprojectleader,acroupier,anITconsultantandI’vewrittenamotormandrel.Ispentmyteensundera1950stwo-toneRileyRMEear,learningtoputittogether.BackintheSixties,kidslikemewerealwaysoutdoingthings,makinggo-karts,ridingbicyclesorexploring.Welearnedtoovercomechallengesandsolveproblems.Weweren’tjustsittingataPlayStation,likemanykidsdotoday.ButIthink,andhope,thingsareshiftingback.There’salotmoreinternalindesignandcreativityandsuchtalentsaregettingamuchhigherprofileinthemedia.It’sevidentwithTVprogrammessuchasChannel4’sScrapheapChallengeorBBC2’sTheApprenticeandDragon’sDen,wherepeoplearegivenatasktosolveorfacethechallengeofsellingtheirideatoapanel.And,thankfully,theimageofthemadscientistwithelectrifiedhairworkinginthegardenshedislonggone—although,therearestillafewexceptions!That’snottosaytherearen’tproblems.Withthedeclineinmanufacturingwearelosingtheabilitytoknowhowtomakethings.There’sarealskillsgapdeveloping.Inmyopinion,theGovernmentdoeslittleornothingtohelpinnovationatthelone-inventororsmallormediumenterpriselevel.Iwouldlovetoseemoremoneyspentonteachingourschoolkidshowtobeinventive.But,despiteeverything,ifyouhaveagoodideaandrealdetermination,youcanstilldoverywell.Myownspecialistareaispackagingclosures—almosteveryproductneedsit.IgottheideaforSqueezeopenafterlookingatanoldtinofbootpolishwhenmymothercomplainedshecouldn’tgetthelidoff.Ifyoucandosomethingcheaper,better,andyouare100percentcommitted,thereisachanceitwillbeasuccess.Iseeafantasticamountofinnovationandopportunitiesoutthere.Peopledon’trealizehowmuchisgoingon.Newmaterialsarecomingoutallthetimeandthespaceprogrammeandscientificresearchareproducingavarietyofspin-offs.Innovationdoesn’thavetobehigh-tech:creativityandinventingisaboutfindingtherightsolutiontoaproblem,whateveritis.There’salotoftalentoutthereand,thankfully,someofthemoreprogressivecompaniesaresuddenlyrealizingtheydon’twanttomissout—it’sanexcitingtime.36.Whatisthedebateconcernedwith?A.Whatshouldwedotoinspirepeople’screativity?B.Willpeople’sinventionandinspirationbeexhaustedinthefuture?C.Istherestillafutureforinventionandinspiration?D.Whowillbewinnerofthefuturetechnology?37.Accordingtotheopinionoftheinterviewer,_____.A.thefutureforinventiondependsB.thereisstillafutureforinventionandinspirationC.thereisnofutureforinventionandinspirationinmodernsocietyD.thefutureforinventionandinspirationisunclear38.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthekidsinthesixties?A.Outdoingthings,makinggo-karts.B.Ridingbicycleandexploring.C.Sittingbeforecomputerstoplaygames.D.Liketoovercomechallengesandsolveproblems.39.Whichofthefollowingisthesuggestionoftheinterviewertotheproblem?A.Thegovernmentshouldspendmoremoneyhelpinginnovation.B.Thekidsshouldcultivatetheirloveofscienceandinvention.C.Moreinventors’clubsshouldbesetup.D.Inventioncoursesarenecessarytochildren.40.What’sthecentralideaofthelastparagraph?A.Weshouldmissouttheexcitingtime.B.Avarietyofspin-offsateproducedbythescientificresearch.C.Thenatureofinnovation.D.Thenatureoftalent.【答案與解析】36.C 從第一段的前兩句可知，一些人認為在當今這個電腦游戲，大眾傳媒以及超市集聚的時代，真正的創(chuàng)新思維已經(jīng)不存在了。但也有人認為仍有很大的創(chuàng)新空間?？梢姡瑺幷摰膯栴}主要是是否還有進一步創(chuàng)新與發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的空間。選項C正確。37.B 第二段最后一句提到“Thesenon-profitclubs,runbyinventorsforinventors,areanindicationthatpeopleareonceagaininterestedininvention.”這個人認為那些小型非盈利性質(zhì)的俱樂部正暗示出人們又一次地對創(chuàng)新發(fā)明燃起興趣?？梢姡湔J為發(fā)明創(chuàng)新還是仍有發(fā)展空間的。所以選B。38.C 第三段第三句提到“BackintheSixties,kidslikemewerealwaysoutdoingthings,makinggo-karts,ridingbicyclesorexploring.Welearnedtoovercomechallengesandsolveproblems.”可見，A，B，D都有說到，所以選C項。39.A 第六段倒數(shù)第二局提到“Iwouldlovetoseemoremoneyspentonteachingourschoolkidshowtobeinventive.”可見，這個人期望政府在教育孩子創(chuàng)新發(fā)明方面加大投資，所以選A。40.C 段落大意題。文中講到創(chuàng)新不一定非得是高科技的，只要是針對問題找到的解決辦法都可稱作發(fā)明創(chuàng)新，這就是發(fā)明創(chuàng)新的本質(zhì)所在。所以選C。TEXTCFortheexecutiveproducerofanetworknightlynewsprogramme,theworkdayoftenbeginsatmidnightasminedidduringsevenyearswithABC’seveningnewscast.Thefirstorderofbusinesswasacalltotheassignmentdeskforapre-bedtimerundownoflatestdevelopments.Theassignmentdeskoperates24hoursaday,staffedbyeditorswhomovecrews,correspondentsandequipmenttothesceneofevents.Assignment-deskeditorsatelogisticsexperts;theyhavetoknowplaneschedules,satelliteavailability,andwhomtogetintouchwithatlocalstationsandoverseasbroadcastingsystems.Theyarerequiredtoassessstoriesastheybreakonthewireservices—sometimesevenbeforetheydoandtodecidehowmuchefforttomaketocoverthosestories.WhentheUnitedStateswasgoingtoappealtoarmsagainstIraq,thenumberofcorrespondentsandcrewswasconstantlyevaluated.BasedonreportsfromthefieldandalsoupontheskilledjudgmentsofdeskeditorsinNewYorkCity,therightnumberofpersonnelwaskeptonthealert.Therestwereallowedtocontinueworkingthroughouttheworld,inAmericaandIraqreadytomovebutnottieddownbyfalsealarms.ThestudiostaffofABC’s“WorldNewsTonight”assemblesat9a.m.toprepareforthe6:30“air”p.m.deadline.Overnightdispatchesfromoutlyingbureausandpressservicesareread.Therearephoneconversationswiththebroadcast’sstaffproducersindomesticbureausandwiththeLondonbureauseniorproducer,whocoordinatesoverseascoverage.Apatternemergesfortheday’snews,apatternoutlinedintheexecutiveproducer’sfirstlineup.Thelineuptellsthestaffwhatstoriesarescheduled;whattheprioritiesareforprocessingfilmofeditingtape;whatscriptsneedtobewritten;whatcommercialsatescheduled;howlongstoriesshouldrunandinwhatorder.Withoutalineup,therewouldbechaos.Eachstory’srelativevalueindollarsandcentsmustbecontinuallyassessedbytheexecutiveproducer.Cuttingbacksatellitebookingtosavemoneymightmeanthatanexplanationdeliveredbyananchorpersonwillreplaceactualphotosofanevent.Adeclineinlivecoveragecouldsendviewersawayanddriveratingsdown,butthereisnotenoughmoneytodoeverything.Sodecisionsmustbemadeandmaderapidly—becausedelaycanmeanamissedconnectionforshippingtapeoraccesstoasatelliteblockedbyacompetitor.Thebroadcaststhemselvesrequirepacingandstyle.Theaudiencehastobeallowedtobreathebetweenperiodsofintenseexcitement.Avividpictorialreportfollowedbylessexactingmaterialsallowstheviewertoreflectoninformationthathasjustflashedby.Frequentswitchesfromoneanchortoanotherorfromonefilmortapereporttoanothercreateasenseofforwardmovement.Ideally,leadingandlagstostoriesareworkedoutwithfieldcorrespondents,enablingthemtofittheirreportsintotheprogramme’snarrativeflowsotheaudience’sattentiondoesnotwanderandmoresubstanceisabsorbed.Scriptsareconstantlyrewrittentoblendwellwithincomingpictures.Goodcopyiscrisp,informative.Ourrule:thefewerwordsthebetter.Ifapicturecandothework,letit.41.Whatdoestheword“rundown”(Para.1)possiblymean?A.Therehearsaloftomorrow’sprogramme.B.Aworkingreportorsummarytohissuperiororhead.C.Anexplanationoftheprogramme.D.Preparationfortheprogramme.42.Whatisthefunctionofthethirdparagraph?A.Toillustratetheimportantroleandfunctionoftheassignmentdesk.B.Togiveusabriefintroductionoftheirworkingconditions.C.Toexemplifythecooperationofallsectionsinthecompany.D.Toemphasizethemissionofthecorrespondents.43.AllthefollowingcanbeemployedtomakethereportmoreeffectiveEXCEPT_____.A.providingmorevividpicturesanddetailsB.changingthestyletocaterfortheaudience’sappetiteC.morelivecoveragetoreplacethelinguisticexplanationD.intervalshiftsofthematerialsofthecoverage44.Whatwilltheexecutiveproducermostlybeconcernedwith?A.Thecostandtheeffect.B.Thetruthofthecoverage.C.Theaudience’sinterest.D.Theformofthecoverage.45.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Waystocutdownthecostofthecoverage,B.Howtomakethereportmoreattractive.C.Todescribetheworkoftheexecutiveproducer.D.Tointroducethestyleandfeaturesofthenewsprogramme.【答案與解析】41.B 詞義推斷題。監(jiān)制人工作的第一項就是要聽一個最近工作進展情況的匯報。選項B正確。42.A 文中第二段講assignmentdesk的作用以及assignment-deskeditors要做的事，第三段就舉美國的例子來說明這一點，可見選項A正確。43.B 本題可用排除法。倒數(shù)第二段第二句提到“Avividpictorialreportfollowedbylessexacting...”可見插入圖片是有效的，排除A項。第五段第三句提到“Adeclineinlivecoveragecouldsendviewersawayanddriveratingsdown”現(xiàn)場報道的減少可能會使收視率降低，這也就從反面說明現(xiàn)場報道而不只是口頭解釋會更有效，故排除C項。倒數(shù)第二段第四句提到“Frequentswitchesfromoneanchortoanotherorfromonefilmortapereporttoanothercreateasenseofforwardmovement.”頻繁地從一個節(jié)目跳到另一個會產(chǎn)生一種“前向運動”的感覺。這也從反面說明報道中間隔的休息也是必要的，選項D也可排除。所以選B。44.D 細節(jié)題。第四段的倒數(shù)第三句提到“Apatternemergesfortheday’snews,apatternoutlinedintheexecutiveproducer’sfirstlineup.”新聞的形式是監(jiān)制人最在乎的事。pattern與form同義。所以選D。45.C 第一段第一句提到“監(jiān)制人的工作從半夜就要開始”，然后下文又具體介紹了監(jiān)制人的職責(zé)，所以文章主要是描述了監(jiān)制人的工作情況，選C。TEXTDIt’snothingnewthatEnglishuseisontherisearoundtheworld,especiallyinbusinesscircles.ThisalsohappensinFrance,theheadquartersoftheglobalbattleagainstAmericanculturalhegemony.IfFrenchguysaregivingintoEnglish,somethingreallybigmustbegoingon.Andsomethingbigisgoingon.Partly,it’sthatAmericanhegemony.DidierBenchimol,CEOofaFrenche-commercesoftwarecompany,feelscompelledtospeakEnglishperfectlybecausetheInternetsoftwarebusinessisdominatedbyAmericans.HeandotherFrenchbusinessmenalsohavetospeak,EnglishbecausetheywanttogettheirmessageouttoAmericaninvestors,possessorsoftheworld’sdeepestpockets.ThetriumphofEnglishinFranceandelsewhereinEurope,however,mayrestonsomethingmoreenduring.Astheybecomeentwinedwitheachotherpoliticallyandeconomically,Europeansneedawaytotalktooneanotherandtotherestoftheworld.Andforanumberofreasons,they’vedecideduponEnglishastheircommontongue.SowhenGermanchemicalandpharmaceuticalcompanyHoechstmergedwithFrenchcompetitorRhone-Poulenclastyear,thecompanieschosethevaguelyLatinateAventisasthenewcompanyname—andsettledonEnglishasthecompany’scommonlanguage.WhenmonetarypolicymakersfromaroundEuropebeganmeetingattheEuropeanCentralBankinFrankfurtlastyeartosetinterestratesforthenewEuroland,theyheldtheirdeliberationsinEnglish.EventheEuropeanCommission,with11officiallanguagesandatraditionallyFrench-spiritingbureaucracy,effectivelyswitchedovertoEnglishasitsworkinglanguagelastyear.Howdidthishappen?OneschoolattributesEnglish’sgreatsuccesstothesheerweightofitsmerit.It’saGermaniclanguage,broughttoBritainaroundthefifthcenturyA.D.DuringthefourcenturiesofFrench-speakingrulethatfollowedNormanConquestof1066,thelanguagemorphedintosomethingelseentirely.Frenchwordswereaddedwholesale,andmostofthecomplicationsofGermanicgrammarwereshedwhilefewofthecomplicationsofFrenchwereadded.Theresultisalanguagewithahugevocabularyandasimplegrammarthatcanexpressmostthingsmoreefficientlythaneitherofitsparents.What’smore,Englishhasremainedungovernedandopentochange—foreignwords,coinages,andgrammaticalshifts—inawaythatFrench,ruledbythepuristAcadémieFrancaise,hasnot.Soit’saswelllanguage,especiallyforbusiness.ButtheriseofEnglishoverthepastfewcenturiesclearlyowesatleastasmuchtohistoryandeconomiesastothelanguage’sabilitytoeconomicallyexpresstheconceptwin-win.Whathappenedisthatthecompetition—firstLatin,thenFrench,then,briefly,German—fadedwiththewaningofthepolitical,economic,andmilitaryfortunesof,respectively,theCatholicChurch,France,andGermany.Allalong,Englishwasincreasinginimportance:BritainwasthebirthplaceoftheIndustrialRevolution,andLondontheworld’smostimportantfinancialcenter,whichmadeEnglishakeylanguageforbusiness.England’scoloniesaroundtheworldalsomadeitthelanguagewiththemostglobalreach.AndasthatformercolonytheU.S.rosetothestatusoftheworld’spreeminentpolitical,economic,military,andculturalpower,Englishbecametheobvioussecondlanguagetolearn.Inthe1990smoreandmoreEuropeansfoundthemselvesforcedtouseEnglish.Thelastgenerationofbusinessandgovernmentleaderswhohadn’tstudiedEnglishinschoolwasleavingthestage.TheEuropeanCommunitywasaddingnewmembersandevolvingfromapaper-shufflingclubintoaseriousregionalgovernmentthatwouldneedasinglecommonlanguageifitwereevertogetanythingdone.Meanwhile,economicbar