英語自然發(fā)音的拼讀規(guī)則

PAGE4自然拼讀自然發(fā)音二十八條拼讀規(guī)則1．字母q總是與u在一起，讀做/kw/,此處u不作元音.2．字母c在字母e,y,i前讀做/s/(cent,city,cycle),其他字母前讀做/k/(cut,cap,cop).3．字母e,i,y之前的字母g可以讀做/j/(page,giant,gym),其中字母e,i之前的g也可以不讀做/j/(get,girl,give);其它字母之前的g讀做/g/(gate,go,gust).4．元音a,e,o,u在音節(jié)結(jié)尾(開音節(jié))一般讀做字母音(長音a,e,o,u),有助于學(xué)生正確劃分并拼讀元音字母+輔音字母+元音字母的不熟悉單詞(report…ratherthanreport).5．字母i和y經(jīng)常讀做/i/(big,gym),但是也可讀做I(silent,my,type).6．一個英語單詞用字母y而不是i的結(jié)尾(my,by).7．有五種情況末尾的字母e不發(fā)音.(如me,she,和he的短單詞末尾的字母e讀做e,較長的單詞末尾的e不發(fā)音)尾字母e不發(fā)音應(yīng)該被認(rèn)為是”havingajob”(承擔(dān)一項工作)7.1bakegenetime/typecodecute使他前面的元音字母發(fā)字母音..7.2lovegivebluetrue使我們不要以一個v和一個u結(jié)束一個單詞.7.3chancebodicechargeallege使g和c讀軟音/j/和/s/.7.4littlecastlebottledabblefiddle避免一個音節(jié)沒有一個元音字母.7.5arenurseraisebyeeweowecause這一條被Spalding女士叫做無工作尾字母e;Sanseri女士叫做老工作尾字母e,并說前四條之外的不發(fā)音尾字母e都叫做老工作尾字母e.7.5.1使一個不是復(fù)數(shù)形式的單詞不要以s結(jié)尾(dense而不是dens,purse不是purs,false不是fals).7.5.2加長短的主意詞(main-idea),如awe,ewe,rye7.5.3區(qū)分同音異形詞的含義.如or/orefor/fore.7.5.4中英語和外來語中(那里的尾字母e是要發(fā)音的)留下來的,現(xiàn)在不發(fā)音.如treatisegiraffe8.有五種字母組合發(fā)/er/的音/,記住下面的句子.Hernursefirstworksearly.這個句子是按英語用法中的降序排列的.另外,or在w后業(yè)可以發(fā)/er/的音.還要記住有些詞尾的ar和or也發(fā)/er/的音.如dollar,doctor.9.1-1-1規(guī)則:單音節(jié)單詞中,結(jié)尾是單元音加單個輔音的,在添加以元音開始的詞尾變化時,需要將末尾的輔音字母再寫一次再加詞尾變化.(如hophopped).但是詞尾是x除外,因為它由兩個音/ks/.10.2-1-1規(guī)則:雙音節(jié)詞中,結(jié)尾是單元音加單個輔音的,在添加以元音開始的詞尾變化時,需要將末尾的輔音字母再寫一次再加詞尾變化(beginbegin+ning).第二個音節(jié)不重讀的不能雙寫末尾輔音字母(enter,profit,budget).11.去e規(guī)則,以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的單詞在添加以元音開始的詞尾變化是需要去掉末尾不發(fā)音的e.(comecoming)12.是ie還是ei?一般情況下,應(yīng)該是ie,但是1)c之后用ei;2)發(fā)字母a的音時,用ei(neighbor,weigh,vein).還有下面的例外情形Neitherforeignsovereignseizedcounterfeitforfeitedleisure.Plus:eitherweirdproteinheifer:13.音素sh用在一個基本詞的開頭或是結(jié)尾(she,dish),還用在一個音節(jié)的結(jié)尾(finish),但絕對不會在后一個音節(jié)的開頭,除非是以ship結(jié)尾(worship,friendship).14.音素si,ti,ci最常用在一個基本詞的第二及以后的開頭,發(fā)音/sh/.常常可以通過考察詞根和根詞來確定發(fā)/sh/時用什么樣的音素.比如infecttoinfectious/collecttocollection/potenttopotentialmusictomusician/spacetospacious/financetofinancialsoci(companion)tosocial/ancien(old)toancientcruc(cross)tocrucial/speci(kind)tospecial15.音素si在前一個音節(jié)以s結(jié)尾時(session)發(fā)/sh/,一個基本詞經(jīng)過詞尾變化后只有一個s(tensetension),其中的音素si發(fā)/sh/.discusstodiscussion/compresstocompression/admistoadmission16.音素si可以發(fā)/zh/,如vision,division,occasion,explosion.17.只有一個元音的單音節(jié)詞,常常雙寫詞尾的l,s,f.比如will,off,miss.有時雙音節(jié)詞也用到這條規(guī)則,如recess18.詞尾為長音a時,常用ay在詞尾而不是a.(bay,day,decay)19.元音i和o后面有兩個輔音時,常發(fā)長音.(find,old)20.s從不在x后,音素x包含一個/s/音,/ks/.21.去L規(guī)則1:all單獨出現(xiàn)有兩個l,但在前綴中只有一個l.(almost,also,although).22.去L規(guī)則2:till和full單獨出現(xiàn)有兩個l,作后綴只有一個l.(until,plentiful).23.音素dge只用在單元音后面,而且這個元音發(fā)短音(badge,edge,bridge,lodge,budge).24.Y變I規(guī)則:進行詞尾變化時,詞尾是一個輔音字母+y,要變y為i.下列兩種情況駐外(1)加-ing,(2)變后會引起音節(jié)分裂.city/citiesbeauty/beautifulplay/playerfunny/funniestmultiply/multiplyingrely/reliablecry/crieddeny/denied25.音素ck只用在單元音后,而且這個元音發(fā)短音(back,neck,lick,rock,duck).26.字母開頭的z永遠(yuǎn)發(fā)/z/,不會發(fā)/s/.27.音素ed有三個音,基本詞以/t/和/d/音結(jié)尾,ed發(fā)/ed/(dividedivided,heatheated);基本詞以濁輔音結(jié)尾的,ed發(fā)/d/(lived),以清輔音結(jié)尾的發(fā)/t/(stopped)28.單詞常常(always)在雙輔音間分音節(jié)[但要注意不要把輔音字母組合分開(如mathematic)],重讀音節(jié)的輔音才發(fā)音,非重讀音節(jié)的輔音不發(fā)音little.

翻譯時,consonant譯作輔音,vowel譯作元音.自然拼讀法基本規(guī)則:

1.

二十六個字母的讀音(LetterSounds).

五個元音字母(a,e,i,o,u),每個發(fā)兩種音：長音（其字母音）和短音y不在單詞開頭時，一般被看做元音

2.

單元音單詞拼讀(Consonant-Vowel-ConsonantCombinations)

如果一個英語單詞或音節(jié)里只有一個元音,且元音不在末尾，這個元音一般發(fā)短音.

如：Sam,cat,mat,等等．

BeginningConsonants

EndingConsonants

OneVowelWord,ShortVowelSounds

3.雙元音單詞拼讀(TwoVowelWords):

一個單詞或音節(jié)里有兩個元音時，一般來說，前邊一個元音發(fā)長音（其字母音），后邊一個元音不發(fā)音．

如：make,mail,may,hay,say,see,sea,meet,meat,key,five,nine,tie,road,coat,toe,cute等等．

4.雙/三輔音在一起時的聯(lián)讀(ConsonantBlends)

Beginningconsonantblends(bl,br,cl,cr,dr,fl,fr,gl,fr,pl,pr,sc,sk,sl,sm,sn,sp,st,sw,tr,tw,scr,spl,str)

Endingconsonantblends(ft,lf,lm,lp,lt,mp,nd,nk,nt,pt,sk,st)

Wordsendinginll,ss,ff

Consonantdigraphs(ch,th,sh,wh)

5.特殊讀法(1)–帶元音的特殊讀法(IrregularVowels)

igh,ing,ind,ild,ar,or,oi,oy,alt,alk,ost,old,er,ir,ur,ew,sion,tion,eigh,all,ow,ow,ou,ay,ous,ed,ed(t),ed(d),aw,au,oo,oo

以上字母組合作為整體音節(jié)發(fā)音。需記住它們所發(fā)的音。

Examples:

ar(car,far),air(hair),are(hare),au,augh(caught),aw(hawk)

秘訣NO.5“重讀音鏈和弱讀音鏈”單音鏈，雙音鏈，三音鏈，重音鏈在最前；多音鏈里的重音，從后往前數(shù)，數(shù)到倒數(shù)三?？伎寄愕难哿arispublicclinic巴黎公共的野餐robotmemorylesson機器人記憶功課Oxfordmonitoreffert牛津大學(xué)班長努力vividactivitysolidarity生動的活躍的團結(jié)秘訣NO.6“字名音”“自然拼讀法”中五個元音字母本身的發(fā)音叫做“字名音”，它們形式多樣，我們把它們表示為：a※ee※ei※eo※eu※ea*eflamebakecake火焰烤著面包

e*ethememetescene主題(是)“邊界(的)景色”

i*eprimefilehide主要的文件(被)隱藏(了)o*ewholerolequote所有的角色(都被)引用u*edukeusetube公爵使用管子秘訣NO.7“雙字母元音”arbarberscarfbarcharmgarden理發(fā)師（戴著）圍巾（走出）酒吧，（看到了）迷人的花園。ertermherteachertendertemper（這個）學(xué)期她的老師（有著）溫柔的（好）脾氣ormorningportershortssport早晨搬運工（穿著）短褲（做）運動。ooschoolbloomboon學(xué)校繁榮興旺airstairpairarmchair樓梯（旁有）一對扶手椅子。earclearhearrear清楚聽見后面oinoisycoinvoice嘈雜的硬幣聲音owbrownshowertowel棕色的沐浴毛巾秘訣NO.8“元音弱讀”弱音鏈里的元音，怎么讀？其實掌握了規(guī)律，你就不糊涂——aeiou還有or和ar,除了ie要讀i，讀er是其他。試試劃分音鏈并自然拼讀terribledevil可怕的惡魔possibleproblem可能的問題severalchicken幾只小雞currenttolerate當(dāng)前的容忍自然拼音拼讀練習(xí)表第一天：aeioua_ee_ei_eo_eu_eAa:matmapbagcathatfanbatappleEe:eggwellredpennethenbedbellIi:licksixbibpigpinkissinkhillOo:oxonoctopusboxsockoperateostrichUu:sunumbrellacupbusnutgununcleundercapenametapelakegamemaketakehatetheseJapaneseChinesebitefiveninekitemineniceridesiderosenoseropenoteposehomerodethosetubecubeJunecutehuge第二天:aiayeeeaeyieighoaowuiueai:tailrainpaintpainjailrailnailmaiday:bayraywaysayhaypayMaylayee:reedseelbeepeeljeepfeetseeteethea:seameatpeanuteaglepeachtealeafpeaey:donkeymonkeyjockeyturkeymonkeyhockeykeytrolleyie:tiepieliedieigh:rightsightnighttighthightfighthighsighoa:roadtoasttoadcoalgoatboatcoatsoapow:rainbowpillowyellowwindowbowlrowhollowlowui:suitjuicefruitue:Suebluegluetrue第三天:arerirurorar:armcararmchaircardcartfarmparkgardener:sisterbrotherunderroosterwintermermaidmarkermotherir:birthdaycircusdirtybirdcircledirtgirlur:turtlesurfingturkeyfurhurtpursenurseor:porchporkhorsehornfortmorningcornfork第四天:ouowoioyauawooooeaou:houseoutmouthcountfountainmountainshoutmouseow:cowtowelclownowlcrownbrownflowertoweroi:coinoilpointnoiseboilsoilpoisoncoiloy:oysterboycowboysoytoyau:augustsausesausagenaughtyautumnapplauseaw:pawdrawsawstrawstrawberrylawnoo:moonzooroofroosterbootsfoodspoonroomcoolfoolboomfoolishoo:bookcookgoodfootlookhookea:headsweatersweatpearleadbearleatherfeather第五天:chshwhphththknwrmbch:beachlunchcheesebenchchurchchickenchaircherrysh:sheepshirtshipfishdishpushshoesshovelwh:whalewhitewheelwheatwhipwhistlewheelchairwhisperph:photoelephanttelephonetrophypharmacyalphabetth:brotherfeatherleatherfathermotherth:thumbthreebathmatthirstythiefbathmouthteethkn:knobkneeknifeknockknitwr:wristwrinklewrapwreathwritemb:thumblambbombcombcrumbnumb第六天:blflplclglbrcrgrprfrtrdrbl:blueblackblousebloombleachblanketblondehairfl:flatfluflyflameflutefloorflagflowerpl:planeplayplusplanetplatformplumplateplantcl:clockcloudcleanclayclimbcloseclapclowngl:gloveglobeglassglueglassesgliderbr:brightbrookbrimbridebrownbreadbrickbrothercr:crowncrabcreamcrowcrayoncrocodilecrycroissantgr:graygreengrassgrapesgroundgrowgrandmapr:prixepriceprawnpressprinceprincessprayfr:frogfrostFridayFrenchfriesfruitfrontfriendframetr:tractortrucktraintraytreetriangletrunktrolleydr:dreamdrumdrydropdrawdrivedressdrink第七天:smsnslswspstscskallewysm:smilesmallsmellsmokesmoothsn:snowmansnowsnoresnakesnailsneakerssneakerssnacksl:slowslapsleepslideslopesledsw:switchswallowswanswimsweetswingsweatersweatsp:spiderspaceshipspinachspoonspellst:stockingsstorestarstampstormstickstudentstandsc:scarfscooterscannerscarecrowscalescorpionscoopsk:skunkskisskirtskatesall:calltallfallballwallew:dewfewviewhewnewnephewnewspaperYy:skyflydryspytypeshycrymyYy:Minysunnypuppydizzydirtyponyhappybaby自然拼音強化練習(xí)：Tonguetwister1.Abigblackbearsatonabigblackbug.2.Abigblackbugbitabigblackdogonhisbigblacknose!3.Cat,Cat,catchthatfatrat.4.Afatcatcatchesamadrat.5.Bluegluegun,greengluegun.6.Blackbackground,brownbackground.7.Anoisynoiseannoysanoyster.8.Agoodcookcancookgoodcookies.9.AtnoonItookagoodbook，andsatbythe