2022-2023學(xué)年海南省瓊海市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三一模英語(yǔ)試題（原卷版+解析版無(wú)聽力音頻無(wú)聽力原文）

第第頁(yè)2022-2023學(xué)年海南省瓊海市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三一模英語(yǔ)試題（原卷版+解析版，無(wú)聽力音頻無(wú)聽力原文）2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試

英語(yǔ)模擬測(cè)試

本試卷共150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Whydoesthewomanrefusetohireanassistant

A.Theeconomyispoor.B.Thecompanywillmove.C.Thereareenoughassistants.

2.Whatdidthemandolastweekend

A.Hewenttothegym.B.Hetookacompetition.C.Hefoundajobinthegym.

3.Whatdoesthewomanhatemostaboutusingtaxis

A.Thedriversarerude.B.Thedriversdrivetoofast.C.Thetaxishavenoair-conditioning.

4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthebestthingintheparty

A.Food.B.Music.C.Funnypeople.

5.Whatwillthemandotonight

A.Talkwithhisboss.B.Drinkacupofbeer.C.Workatthelaboratory.

第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6WhendoesPetesayhurtfulwords

A.Whenhisfatherignoreshim.

B.Whenhismotherwasheshisface.

C.Whenhismotherwasheshisclothes.

7.What’stheman’ssuggestion

A.LeavingPetealone.

B.ThreateningPetewithpunishment.

C.TreatingPetewithpatience.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whathappenedontheman’swaytothehotel

A.Thecoachranoutofgas.

B.Thecoachhadabreakdown.

C.Hewaitedforonehourontheway.

9.Whydidthemanwanttochangetheroom

A.Itwasdirty.B.Itwassmall.C.Itwasnoisy.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至1題。

10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace

A.Inagarden.B.Inagiftshop.C.Inaflowershop.

11.Howdidthewomandevelopaninterestingrowingflowers

A.Shetookitasapastime.

B.Shewasinfluencedbyherhusband.

C.Shereceivedflowersasabirthdaygift.

12.Whatdoweknowabouttheman

A.Hehasgreenfingers.B.Heisabankclerknow.C.Hehastakenupstampcollecting.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Howmanypeoplearethereinthegroup

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.

14.Whowouldspendallthemoneyonotherpeople

A.Alicia.B.Spencer.C.Ron.

15.Whatisthegroup’sfinaltask

A.Toanswerthequestionsagain.

B.Tocomparetheirfirsttwoanswers.

C.Tothinkaboutwhatothergroupswillsay.

16.Whenwillthespeakerspresenteverythingtotheclass

A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnFriday.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whenisthebesttimetostartdigginguppotatoes

A.Halftheleaveshaveturnedred.

B.Alltheleaveshaveturnedyellow.

C.Halftheleaveshaveturnedyellow.

18.Howfararoundtheplantshouldthetoolbewhenwediguppotatoes

A.3-4centimeters.B.10-15centimeters.C.15-20centimeters.

19.Whatshouldwedotostorepotatoes

A.Puttheminthejar.

B.Putthemintherefrigerator.

C.Puttheminanundergroundroom.

20.Howlongcanthepotatoeslastifpreservedinarightway

A.About7months.B.About9months.C.About11months.

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Overview

ExplorethebestthatKeyWesthastoofferonthisnarrated,hop-onhop-offtrolleytour.Visitmorethan100pointsofinterestamongKeyWest’stopattractions,withanexpertguidewhotakesyouthroughthehistoryofthecity.Selectfromanunlimited1-or2-daypasstosuityourschedule.

What’sIncluded

√N(yùn)arratedtour×Tips

√Localtaxes×Foodanddrinks

√Ages0-3free×TourclosedOctober23-24

WhatToExpect

GettoknowKeyWestanditstopattractionsonthiscomprehensive,guidedhop-onhop-offtour.LearnaboutthehistoryandhappeningsofKeyWest—storiesofpirates,IndiansandtheCivilWar—asthetrolleyrollsalongfromonelocationtothenext.Hopoffatanyoftheattractionsforacloserlook,thenhopbackonwhenit’sconvenient.

DiscoverthelegendsoftheCalusaIndians,whogavethecityitsfirstname,CayoHueso,theIslandofBones.

Duration:1hour30minutes(fulltour)

OperatingSchedule:Toursdepartfromboardinglocationsapprox.every30minutes.TouristswithticketscanboardatanyOldTownTrolleyboardinglocation.WheelchairaccessiblelocationsareStops#1,2,3,6,7,8,9,and10.Opendaily10am-4:30pm.

Confirmationwillbereceivedattimeofbooking.

CancellationPolicy

Youcancancelupto24hoursinadvanceoftheexperienceforafullrefund.

Ifyoucancellessthan24hoursbeforetheexperience’sstarttime,theamountyoupaidwillnotberefunded.

Anychangesmadelessthan24hoursbeforetheexperience’sstarttimewillnotbeaccepted.Cut-offtimesarebasedontheexperience’slocaltime.

1.Whatcanbeknownaboutthetrolleytour

A.It’sseasonallyfreeofcharge.B.Itslaststopisatthecitycenter.

C.ItcontainsalltopattractionsofKeyWest.D.Youcangetonoroffatanyattractionofit.

2.Ifyousetoutat1:30pmonafulltour,whenwillyourtourend

A.2:30pm.B.3:00pm.C.3:30pm.D.4:00pm.

3.Whichactionoftouristsmakessenseaccordingtothetext

A.Amiddleschoolstudentgoesonthetrolleytourforfree.

B.A7-year-oldboyjumpsupanddownrepeatedlyonthetrolley.

C.AphysicallydisabledtouristwantstoboardthetrolleyatStop5.

D.Anoldmancancelinghistour30hoursinadvancewantshismoneyback.

【答案】1.D2.B3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了探索基韋斯特的隨上隨下的有軌電車之旅。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根WhatToExpect部分中“Hopoffatanyoftheattractionsforacloserlook,thenhopbackonwhenit’sconvenient.(在任何一個(gè)景點(diǎn)下車仔細(xì)看看，然后在方便的時(shí)候再上車。)”可知，你可以在電車之旅的任何景點(diǎn)上下車。故選D。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Duration:1hour30minutes(fulltour)(時(shí)間：1小時(shí)30分鐘（全程）)”可知，如果在下午1:30出發(fā)，行程在下午三點(diǎn)結(jié)束。故選B。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Youcancancelupto24hoursinadvanceoftheexperienceforafullrefund.(您可以提前24小時(shí)取消，并獲得全額退款。)”可知，一位提前30小時(shí)取消行程的老人想要退全款是合理的。故選D。

B

AsmyheadmovedupanddownontheZoomscreen,privatemessagespouredinfrommycolleagues:“Whatareyoudoingthere”“Areyousittingonaball”“Areyouwalking”Icouldfeeltheireyesonme—inquiring,interested,confused.Clearly,thiswasn’tanormalfacultymeeting.IrepliedIwaswalkingonmynewunderdesktreadmill(跑步機(jī)).

Ididn’thavetoworryaboutworkdayinactivityearlierinmycareer.Asagraduatestudentandpostdoc,Iwentonfrequentfieldexcursionstocollectsoilsamplesinremoteplaces.Thefieldworkwasphysicallychallenging,acontrasttothelabtasksanddeskworkthatwerealsopartofmyjob.ButwhenIbecameaprofessor,fieldworkbecameararity.

Duringthepandemicthesituationgrewworse.Myschedulefilledupwithoneonlinemeetingorseminarafterthenext.AndI“traveled”tothemwithoutleavingmydesk.AlthoughIhadtheluxuryofaheight-adjustabledesk,whichgavemetheoptiontostand,Istillfeltunbalanced,andIbegantoexperiencebackpain.

Athome,I’doccasionallytriedtoworkonmywife’streadmill,whichI’drepurposedbyputtingawoodenboardacrossthehandlesandmylaptopontop.IthoughtthatmightbejustwhatIneededinmycampusoffice,soIboughtatreadmilldesignedtogounderadesk.Idecidedtospendmyentireworkdayonthetreadmill.Ittookmeseveraldaystoadjust,butIeventuallygotthehangoftypingandspeakingwhilewalking.

WhenI’matmydesk,Ispendnearlyallofmyworkinghoursinmotion.Inthefirstcoupleofweeks,IwasabitexhaustedwhenIgothomeatnight.Butovertime,Idevelopedmoreendurance.MybackpaindisappearedandIcametoenjoythetimeatmydesk.

MostofthescientistsIworkwithhavesentmereassuringfeedback.Somehaveevenboughttreadmillsoftheirown.Thathasmademeviewmywalkingasawaytosilentlycommunicateacrucialmessagetomycolleagues:There’realwayswaystostayactiveifyouwant!

4.Howdidtheauthorbeginthewritingofthetext

A.Byintroducingsomeofhiscolleagues.

B.Byshowinghisacademicqualifications.

C.Bydisplayinghisnewunderdesktreadmill.

D.Bylistingprivatemessagesfromhiscolleagues.

5.Whatresultedintheauthor’sworseinactivity

A.Frequentinterviews.B.Busyremoteofficework.

C.Hispeacefullifestyle.D.Hishatredoffieldwork.

6.Howdidtheauthorgetinspirationofhiswalk-workstyle

A.Fromhiscolleagues.B.Fromhiscollegelife.

C.Fromhisuseofhiswife’streadmill.D.Fromhiswife’spracticalproposal.

7.Whichcanbestdescribemostcolleagues’reactiontotheauthor’spractice

A.Positive.B.Uncaring.C.Skeptical.D.Conservative.

【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。在疫情期間，繁忙的遠(yuǎn)程工作讓的活動(dòng)量變得非常少，于是買了一臺(tái)可以放在桌子下面的跑步機(jī)，這緩解了的背部疼痛，也從同事那里獲得了積極的反饋。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段前三句“AsmyheadmovedupanddownontheZoomscreen,privatemessagespouredinfrommycolleagues:“Whatareyoudoingthere”“Areyousittingonaball”“Areyouwalking”(當(dāng)我的頭在Zoom屏幕上上下移動(dòng)時(shí)，同事們發(fā)來(lái)了大量私信：“你在那里做什么？”“你坐在一個(gè)球上嗎？”“你在走路嗎？”)”可知，通過列出同事的私人信息開始寫這篇文章。故選D。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Duringthepandemicthesituationgrewworse.Myschedulefilledupwithoneonlinemeetingorseminarafterthenext.AndI“traveled”tothemwithoutleavingmydesk.AlthoughIhadtheluxuryofaheight-adjustabledesk,whichgavemetheoptiontostand,Istillfeltunbalanced,andIbegantoexperiencebackpain.(在疫情期間，情況變得更糟。我的日程表被一個(gè)接一個(gè)的在線會(huì)議或研討會(huì)填滿了。我沒有離開辦公桌就“旅行”到了他們那里。雖然我有一張可調(diào)節(jié)高度的桌子，可以選擇站立，但我仍然感到失衡，而且我開始感到背部疼痛。)”可知，繁忙的遠(yuǎn)程辦公室工作導(dǎo)致更不活躍。故選B。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段前兩句“Athome,I’doccasionallytriedtoworkonmywife’streadmill,whichI’drepurposedbyputtingawoodenboardacrossthehandlesandmylaptopontop.IthoughtthatmightbejustwhatIneededinmycampusoffice,soIboughtatreadmilldesignedtogounderadesk.(在家里，我偶爾會(huì)嘗試在我妻子的跑步機(jī)上工作，我在把手上放了一塊木板，把筆記本電腦放在上面，對(duì)它進(jìn)行了改造。我想這可能正是我在校園辦公室所需要的，所以我買了一臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)在桌子下面的跑步機(jī)。)”可知，在用妻子的跑步機(jī)時(shí)獲得了步行工作風(fēng)格的靈感。故選C。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段前兩句“MostofthescientistsIworkwithhavesentmereassuringfeedback.Somehaveevenboughttreadmillsoftheirown.(和我一起工作的大多數(shù)科學(xué)家都給了我令人放心的反饋。有些人甚至買了自己的跑步機(jī)。)”可知，大多數(shù)同事對(duì)做法的反應(yīng)都是積極的。故選A。

C

Astudyshowsthatnewbornbabiesandsomevertebrate(有脊椎的)animalsorganizenumbersfromlefttoright.Evenbeforechildrenlearntocount,theystartorganizinggrowingquantitiesfromlefttorightinwhathasbeencalledthe“mentalnumberline”.

Giurfaledastudy,aimingtofindoutifthesameholdstrueforinsects,throughanexperimentonbees.“Ithasalreadybeenshownthatbeesareabletocount—atleastuptofive,”saidGiurfa.Theyalsoprocessinformationdifferentlyinthetwohemispheres(半球)oftheirbrains,headded.Theyseemtosharethisfeaturewithhumans,anditisthoughttobeapotentialreasonfor“theexistenceofthementalnumberline,”Giurfasaid.

Fortheexperiment,theresearchershadindividualhoneybeesflyintothefirstoftwocellsofawoodenbox.Sugarwaterwasthenusedtotemptthebeestoselectanumberattachedtothemiddleofthesecondcell.Thenumberstayedthesameforeachindividualbee,butvariedrandomlyacrossthegroupfrombetweenone,threeorfive,inshapesofcircles,squaresortriangles.Oncethebeesweretrainedtoflytowardstheirsetnumber,theresearchersremoveditandputanothernumberonbothsidesofthesecondcell,leavingthemiddleblank.Theythenremovedthesugarwaterandobservedwhichwaythebeeswent.Ifthebeesweretrainedtoselectthenumberthree,andwerenowfacedwithtwonumberonesoneithersideandnothinginthemiddle,thebeeschosetheoptionontheleft.Butifthosesamebeesweregiventwonumberfivestochoosefrom,theywentright,againsupportingthementalnumberline.

Evenifanimalsdothinkofnumbersfromlefttorightthisisnottrueforallhumans.TheoppositedirectionhasbeenfoundinpeoplefromculturesthatuseanArabicnumberwhichreadsfromrighttoleft.“Thoughthementalnumberlineisinborn,culturecanstillmodifyit,evenreverseit,”Giurfasaid.

8.Whatisthepurposeoftheexperiment

A.Toknowifbeesareabletocount.

B.Toteachbeeshowtocountfromonetofive.

C.Toseehowmanynumbersinsectscanmemorize.

D.Tofindoutifinsectsorganizenumbersfromlefttoright.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto

A.Thefirstcell.

B.Thesecondcell.

C.Thenumberinthemiddleofthefirstcell.

D.Thenumberinthemiddleofthesecondcell.

10.Whycansomepeopleorganizenumbersfromrighttoleft

A.Becausetheybelongtoasuperiorcreature.

B.Becauseculturechangestheirmentalnumberline.

C.BecausetheyhaveahigherIQthanotherpeople.

D.Becausetheywerebornwithanoppositementalnumberline.

11.Wheredoesthistextmostprobablycomefrom

A.Sciencefiction.B.Children’sliterature.

C.Asciencemagazine.D.Anewspaperadvertisement.

【答案】8.D9.D10.B11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，證實(shí)了昆蟲和人類一樣有心理數(shù)字線。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Giurfaledastudy,aimingtofindoutifthesameholdstrueforinsects,throughanexperimentonbees.(Giurfa領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了一項(xiàng)研究，旨在通過對(duì)蜜蜂的實(shí)驗(yàn)，找出昆蟲是否也存在同樣的情況)”可知，這項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)的目的是弄清楚昆蟲是否也有心理數(shù)字線，故選D。

【9題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“Sugarwaterwasthenusedtotemptthebeestoselectanumberattachedtothemiddleofthesecondcell.(然后用糖水引誘蜜蜂選擇附著在第二個(gè)隔間中間的數(shù)字)”和“Oncethebeesweretrainedtoflytowardstheirsetnumber,theresearchersremoveditandputanothernumberonbothsidesofthesecondcell,leavingthemiddleblank.(一旦蜜蜂被訓(xùn)練飛向它們?cè)O(shè)定的數(shù)字，研究人員就把它移走，在第二個(gè)細(xì)胞的兩側(cè)放上另一個(gè)數(shù)字，中間留下空白)”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)人員在第二個(gè)隔間中間貼上一個(gè)數(shù)字，等蜜蜂記住了它們各自的數(shù)字后，研究人員就將這個(gè)數(shù)字移除，在兩邊貼上另一個(gè)數(shù)字，這樣中間就成空白了。由此推斷，it指的是第二個(gè)隔間中間的那個(gè)數(shù)字，故選D。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thoughthementalnumberlineisinborn,culturecanstillmodifyit,evenreverseit(雖然心理數(shù)字線是天生的，但文化仍然可以改變它，甚至逆轉(zhuǎn)它)”可知，雖然心理數(shù)字線與生俱來(lái)，但是文化可以修改甚至將其逆轉(zhuǎn)，故選B。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Astudyshowsthatnewbornbabiesandsomevertebrate(有脊椎的)animalsorganizenumbersfromlefttoright.(一項(xiàng)研究表明，新生兒和一些脊椎動(dòng)物從左到右組織數(shù)字)”可知，本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家做的有關(guān)昆蟲的心里數(shù)字線的研究，因此很有可能出自一本科學(xué)雜志，故選C。

D

AUnitedNationsreportfoundtheozonelayer(臭氧層)isslowlyrecovering,morethan35yearsaftereverynationintheworldagreedtostopproducingozone-consumingchemicals.Theozonelayer,ablanketofgasthatexistsbetween10kmand50kmaboveEarth’ssurface,protectstheplanetfromthesun’spowerfulradiation.

“Weseethingsgettingbetter”saidPaulNewman,co-chairoftheUNteamthatexaminesthehealthoftheozonelayereveryfouryears.Theglobalaverageamountofozone30kmhighintheatmospherewon’tbebackto1980levelsuntilabout2040,thereportsaid.Anditwon’tbebacktonormalintheArcticuntil2045.InAntarctica,wheretheozonelayerissothinthatthere’sabighole,itwon’tbefullyfixeduntil2066,thereportsaid.

Theglobalefforttorecovertheozoneholecameoutofa1987agreementcalledtheMontrealProtocol.ProfessorPetteriTaalassaidtherecoveringoftheozonelayershowedwhatcouldbeachievedwhentheworldworkedtogether.“Ozoneactionsetsanexampleforclimateaction,”ProfessorTaalassaid.

Thereweresignsofrecoveringinthelastreportontheozonelayerfouryearsagobuttheimprovementswereonlyslight.“Thosenumbersofrecoveryhavesolidifiedalot,”Mr.Newmansaid.Mr.Newmanaddedthetwomainchemicalsthatdamagetheozonelayer—chlorine(氯)andbromine(溴)—werenowinlowerlevelsintheatmosphere.Chlorinelevelsweredown11.5percentsincepeakingin1993andbromine,whichismoredamagingtotheozonelayerbutisatlowerlevelsintheair,dropped14.5percentsinceits1999peak.

UNenvironmentprogramdirectorIngerAndersenhaspreviouslysaidtherecoveringoftheozoneholewas“savingtwomillionpeopleeveryyearfromskincancer”.

12.Whatdoweknowabouttheozonelayerfromparagraph1

A.Itmadethewholeworldworktogether.

B.Itcanprotectthesunfrompowerfulradiation.

C.Itisrecoveringataspeedmorethanexpected.

D.Itcanproducesomechemicalsforconsumption.

13.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout

A.Theaverageamountofozone.B.Thepresentsituationofozone.

C.Theplaceswhereozoneappears.D.Thetimeswhenozonefullyrecovers.

14.WhatisPetteriTaalas’sattitudetodealingwithclimatechange

A.Surprised.B.Uncertain.C.Optimistic.D.Doubtful.

15.WhatfactdidMr.Newmantellus

A.Thereweresomefalsedatainthelastreport.

B.Chlorineandbrominelevelsintheairhavecomedown.

C.Skincanceriscausedtoalargerextentbytheozonelayer.

D.Chlorinecausesmoredamagetotheozonelayerthanbromine.

【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。最新報(bào)告顯示，在世界各國(guó)承諾停止使用破壞臭氧層的化學(xué)物質(zhì)后，地球上空的臭氧層正在逐漸恢復(fù)。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“AUnitedNationsreportfoundtheozonelayer(臭氧層)isslowlyrecovering,morethan35yearsaftereverynationintheworldagreedtostopproducingozone-consumingchemicals.(聯(lián)合國(guó)的一份報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)，在世界各國(guó)同意停止生產(chǎn)消耗臭氧層的化學(xué)物質(zhì)超過35年后，臭氧層正在緩慢恢復(fù)。)”可知，為了恢復(fù)臭氧層，幾十年前世界各國(guó)同意停止生產(chǎn)消耗臭氧的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。由此可推斷，臭氧層使世界各國(guó)通力合作。故選A。

【13題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀第二段““Weseethingsgettingbetter,”saidPaulNewman,co-chairoftheUNteamthatexaminesthehealthoftheozonelayereveryfouryears.Theglobalaverageamountofozone30kmhighintheatmospherewon’tbebackto1980levelsuntilabout2040,thereportsaid.Anditwon’tbebacktonormalintheArcticuntil2045.InAntarctica,wheretheozonelayerissothinthatthere’sabighole,itwon’tbefullyfixeduntil2066,thereportsaid.(“我們看到情況正在好轉(zhuǎn)，”聯(lián)合國(guó)每四年檢查一次臭氧層健康狀況的小組聯(lián)合主席保羅·紐曼(PaulNewman)說(shuō)。報(bào)告稱，全球30公里高空臭氧的平均含量要到2040年左右才能恢復(fù)到1980年的水平。直到2045年北極才會(huì)恢復(fù)正常。報(bào)告稱，在南極洲，臭氧層非常薄，以至于出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)大洞，直到2066年才能完全修復(fù)。)”可知，本段主要說(shuō)明了全球范圍內(nèi)（包括北極和南極）臭氧恢復(fù)的不同時(shí)間。故選D。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ProfessorPetteriTaalassaidtherecoveringoftheozonelayershowedwhatcouldbeachievedwhentheworldworkedtogether.“Ozoneactionsetsanexampleforclimateaction,”ProfessorTaalassaid.(佩特里·塔拉斯教授表示，臭氧層的恢復(fù)表明，當(dāng)全世界共同努力時(shí)，可以取得什么成就?！俺粞鯇有袆?dòng)為氣候行動(dòng)樹立了榜樣，”塔拉斯教授說(shuō)。)”可知，佩特里·塔拉斯教授認(rèn)為臭氧層的恢復(fù)表明，只要世界各國(guó)共同努力，就能取得成果。這為應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的行動(dòng)樹立了榜樣。由此推斷，他對(duì)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的行動(dòng)持樂觀態(tài)度。故選C。

【15題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Mr.Newmanaddedthetwomainchemicalsthatdamagetheozonelayer—chlorine(氯)andbromine(溴)—werenowinlowerlevelsintheatmosphere.(紐曼補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，破壞臭氧層的兩種主要化學(xué)物質(zhì)——氯和溴——現(xiàn)在在大氣中的含量較低。)”可知，紐曼說(shuō)大氣中氯和溴的含量下降了。故選B。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Activelisteningisavaluableskillinwhichthelistenermakesaconsciousefforttounderstandthespeaker’sentiremessage.Belowarefivebenefitsofactivelisteningandwhattheycandoforyouatwork.

Activelisteningcanhelpachieveunderstanding.Theconflictresolutionskillsofdifferentpeoplevary.____16____Veryoftenweonlyhearwhatwewanttohear.However,beingabletounderstandanotherpointofviewcompletelycanavoidmanypotentiallynegativeoutcomes.

Activelisteningcanresolveconflict.Peopleinvolvedinconflictoftenfeelmisunderstood.____17____Ifyouaimtoresolveconflictsatwork,andencourageotherstodothesame,youmustbeginbylisteningtotheopposingpointofviewobjectively.

Activelisteningisanessentialpartoflearning.____18____Activelisteningisaskillthatallowsyoutoacquiretheknowledgewhichcouldleadyourcompanyintoabetterfuture.

____19____Listeningtothewholemessagemeansyou’reengagingonadeeperlevelwiththespeaker.Itallowsyoutoabsorbmoreprecisedetailsfromtheconversationitself.Ifyou’rereceivinginstructionsortraining,youwillbeabletorecalldetailsmoreeasily.

Activelisteningcanhelpyoubecomeagoodleader.Asaleader,whenyoulistentowhatyourfollowershavetosay,youunderstandthembetter.____20____You’llbeabletoworkoutwithcolleaguesoremployeesaboutwhereimprovementscanbemadeforthebenefitofallinvolved.

A.Activelisteningcanhelpindealingwithemergencies.

B.Inturn,yourworkplacecommunicationskillswillimprove.

C.Leadersshouldalwaysbeopentoexploringsomethingnew.

D.Activelisteningwillhelpavoidmissingimportantinformation.

E.Somepeoplenaturallyknowhowtostepintosomeoneelse’sshoes.

F.Thereasontheyargueisthattheydon’tfullyknoweachother’spositions.

GIt’seasytobecomedistractedwhensomeoneisspeakingtousinaworkplace.

【答案】16.E17.F18.C19.D20.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了積極主動(dòng)傾聽他人的好處。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)前句“Theconflictresolutionskillsofdifferentpeoplevary.(不同的人解決沖突的技巧是不同的。)”可知，前后句存在解釋關(guān)系，說(shuō)明有些人很自然地就知道如何站在別人的角度考慮問題。所以選擇項(xiàng)E“Somepeoplenaturallyknowhowtostepintosomeoneelse’sshoes.(有些人天生就知道如何換位思考。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選E。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)前句“Peopleinvolvedinconflictoftenfeelmisunderstood.(卷入沖突的人常常感到被誤解。)”可知，前后句存在因果關(guān)系，說(shuō)明沖突的理由是因?yàn)樗麄儧]有完全了解對(duì)方的立場(chǎng)。所以選擇項(xiàng)F“Thereasontheyargueisthattheydon’tfullyknoweachother’spositions.(他們爭(zhēng)論的原因是他們不完全了解對(duì)方的立場(chǎng)。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選F。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)后句“Activelisteningisaskillthatallowsyoutoacquiretheknowledgewhichcouldleadyourcompanyintoabetterfuture.(積極傾聽是一種技能，它可以讓你獲得知識(shí)，從而帶領(lǐng)你的公司走向更美好的未來(lái)。)”可知，前后句存在遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，說(shuō)明作為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)該對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)新事物持開放的態(tài)度。所以選擇項(xiàng)C“Leadersshouldalwaysbeopentoexploringsomethingnew.(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)該總是樂于探索新事物。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選C。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Listeningtothewholemessagemeansyou’reengagingonadeeperlevelwiththespeaker.Itallowsyoutoabsorbmoreprecisedetailsfromtheconversationitself.Ifyou’rereceivinginstructionsortraining,youwillbeabletorecalldetailsmoreeasily.(傾聽整個(gè)信息意味著你在更深層次上與演講者交流。它能讓你從談話中吸收更精確的細(xì)節(jié)。如果你正在接受指導(dǎo)或培訓(xùn)，你就能更容易地回憶起細(xì)節(jié)。)”可知，本段主要講積極主動(dòng)傾聽他人會(huì)避免遺漏重要的信息，D項(xiàng)與本段內(nèi)容吻合，總領(lǐng)該段。所以選擇項(xiàng)D“Activelisteningwillhelpavoidmissingimportantinformation.(積極傾聽是學(xué)習(xí)的重要組成部分。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選D。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)前句“Asaleader,whenyoulistentowhatyourfollowershavetosay,youunderstandthembetter.(作為一名領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，當(dāng)你傾聽下屬的想法時(shí)，你就能更好地理解他們。)”可知，選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與本段前句的內(nèi)容存在遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，說(shuō)明領(lǐng)導(dǎo)通過傾聽下屬的想法，你的溝通技巧會(huì)得到提高。所以選擇項(xiàng)B“Inturn,yourworkplacecommunicationskillswillimprove.(反過來(lái)，你的職場(chǎng)溝通技巧也會(huì)提高。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選B。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

I’mKatya—I’mturning29thisyear.WhenIwasgrowingup,Iwasalwaysfullof____21____;I’dbethatonekidwhoneverwanteda____22____,tostopplaying,ortostoprunning.

AsIstartedto____23____,IbegantonoticethatIwasveryrestless.Iwas____24____strugglingwithconcentration.Iwasn’tableto____25____properlyeventhoughIwastired.Myworkwas____26____quitebadlyasthemonthswenton.

Butreally,deepdown,eventhoughIknewtherewassomethingwrong,Ididn’tseekany____27____orhelp—becauseIwasashamed.Iwasbroughtupwiththe____28____thatthingslikedepression,anxiety,orwhateverelsewerejustmade-upthingstomakelazypeoplefeelbetter.

Onenight,everythingbecametoomuch,andI____29____.Sittingthere,cryingand____30____whattodo,Isuddenlyrealizedsomething:____31____healthneedstobetreatedasseriouslyasyouwouldtreatabrokenarm.

IwasdiagnosedwithADHD(多動(dòng)癥)—andyouknowwhatIwas____32____.IfinallyunderstoodwhatwascausingmetofeelthewayIdid.Thedoctormentionedafew____33____,butonethatstoodoutwasanappcalledSensa.It’sessentiallyacompanionappthattakesyourindividualneedsintoaccountandtailorsaplanspecifictothem.Sinceusingit,I’vefeltmoreincontrolovermy____34____.I’mabletoactuallyfocusonwhatIwanttodo.

By____35____whatiscausingyouproblems,youstarttheroadtosolvingthem.

21.A.imaginationB.sympathyC.energyD.curiosity

22.A.tripB.mealC.companionD.break

23.A.ageB.doubtC.adjustD.remember

24.A.accidentallyB.deliberatelyC.violentlyD.constantly

25.A.stayaloneB.fallasleepC.remainactiveD.getexcited

26.A.sufferingB.risingC.stoppingD.settling

27.A.securityB.commentC.approvalD.advice

28.A.hopeB.ideaC.memoryD.commitment

29.A.burstinB.gaveupC.brokedownD.turnedover

30.A.decidingB.wonderingC.arguingD.choosing

31.A.GoodB.NormalC.PhysicalD.Mental

32.A.astonishedB.upsetC.happyD.inspired

33.A.symptomsB.optionsC.casesD.requirements

34.A.actionsB.remarksC.instructionsD.experiences

35.A.indicatingB.removingC.balancingD.identifying

【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.D25.B26.A27.D28.B29.C30.B31.D32.C33.B34.A35.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文，講述了自己患多動(dòng)癥的經(jīng)歷。

【21題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我成長(zhǎng)的過程中，我總是精力充沛；我會(huì)成為那個(gè)永遠(yuǎn)不想休息，不想停止玩耍，不想停止奔跑的孩子。A.imagination想象力；B.sympathy同情；C.energy精力；D.curiosity好奇。根據(jù)下文“whoneverwanteda____2____,tostopplaying,ortostoprunning”可知，我在成長(zhǎng)的過程中總是精力充沛。故選C。

【22題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.trip旅行；B.meal一餐；C.companion陪伴；D.break休息。根據(jù)“tostopplaying,ortostoprunning”可知，我從沒想過停止玩耍，停止奔跑，故此處指我永遠(yuǎn)不想要休息，故選D。

【23題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我開始注意到自己非常不安。A.age變老；B.doubt懷疑；C.adjust調(diào)整；D.remember記得。根據(jù)上文“WhenIwasgrowingup”可知，上文講述我從小到大總是精力充沛，結(jié)合下文“IbegantonoticethatIwasveryrestless”可知，此處指隨著時(shí)間的流逝我發(fā)生了變化，故此處指“隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)”，故選A。

【24題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我一直難以集中注意力。A.accidentally偶然地；B.deliberately故意地；C.violently暴力地；D.constantly不斷地，一直。結(jié)合下文描述的睡眠問題和工作受到的嚴(yán)重影響可知，此處指“我一直難以集中注意力”，故選D。

【25題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：盡管我很累，但我還是不能很好地入睡。A.stayalone獨(dú)自待著；B.fallasleep入睡；C.remainactive保持活躍；D.getexcited變得興奮。根據(jù)“eventhoughIwastired”表達(dá)的讓步語(yǔ)氣可知，我雖然很累，但是無(wú)法得到很好的休息，即睡眠不好，故選B。

【26題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個(gè)月過去了，我的工作受到了嚴(yán)重的影響。A.suffering變差，遭受；B.rising上升；C.stopping停止；D.settling定居，解決。結(jié)合上文“IbegantonoticethatIwasveryrestless.Iwas____4____strugglingwithconcentration”可知，我總是坐立難安，無(wú)法集中注意力，所以工作應(yīng)是受到負(fù)面影響，故選A。

【27題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但實(shí)際上，在內(nèi)心深處，即使我知道出了什么問題，我也沒有尋求任何建議或幫助——因?yàn)槲腋械叫邜u。A.security安全；B.comment評(píng)論；C.approval贊成；D.advice建議。結(jié)合空后的“orhelp”及語(yǔ)境可知，雖然我知道自己有點(diǎn)問題，但是沒有去尋求建議或幫助，故選D。

【28題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我從小就認(rèn)為，抑郁、焦慮或其他任何事情都是編造出來(lái)的，只是為了讓懶惰的人感覺更好。A.hope希望；B.idea想法，主意；C.memory記憶；D.commitment承諾?？仗帯皌hatthingslikedepression,anxiety,orwhateverelsewerejustmade-upthingstomakelazypeoplefeelbetter”是對(duì)空處名詞的解釋說(shuō)明，故此處指我一直有這樣的想法，認(rèn)為抑郁、焦慮或其他任何事情都是編造出來(lái)的，只是為了讓懶惰的人感覺更好，故選B。

【29題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)析。句意：一天晚上，一切都變得難以承受，我崩潰了。A.burstin插嘴，闖入；B.gaveup放棄；C.brokedown崩潰，感情失控；D.turnedover（使）翻轉(zhuǎn)，移交給。根據(jù)前文“everythingbecametoomuch”以及下文“crying”可知，我崩潰大哭，故選C。

【30題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：坐在那里，哭著不知道該怎么辦，我突然意識(shí)到一件事：精神健康需要像對(duì)待手臂骨折一樣認(rèn)真對(duì)待。A.deciding決定；B.wondering想知道；C.arguing爭(zhēng)辯；D.choosing選擇。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及下文“whattodo”可知，我因精神上的問題而崩潰，所以此處指我大哭，想知道該怎么解決，故選B。

【31題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.Good好的；B.Normal正常的；C.Physical身體的；D.Mental精神的，思想的。結(jié)合上文描述的我的問題以及“depression,anxiety”可知，此處指精神健康，故選D。

【32題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很開心。A.astonished十分驚訝的；B.upset沮喪的；C.happy高興的；D.inspired受鼓舞的。根據(jù)下文“IfinallyunderstoodwhatwascausingmetofeelthewayIdid.(我終于明白是什么導(dǎo)致了我的那種感覺)”可知，找出了病因我應(yīng)是感到高興，故選C。

【33題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生提到了幾個(gè)選擇，但其中最引人注目的是一款名為Sensa的應(yīng)用程序。A.symptoms癥狀；B.options選擇；C.cases情況；D.requirements要求。上文提到確定了病因，故此處指醫(yī)生為治療提供的幾種選擇，故選B。

【34題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：自從使用了它，我感覺自己對(duì)自己的行為有了更多的控制。A.actions行為；B.remarks言論；C.instructions指令，指示；D.experie