Unit1-Unit3知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí)牛津譯林版英語八年級(jí)上冊(cè)

八上U1-U3重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理及練習(xí)重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)①【辨析】voice,sound,noisevoice意為“嗓音”常指人的嗓音、說話聲和歌唱聲sound意為“聲音、響聲”指人、動(dòng)物或物體發(fā)出的聲音，即大自然的任何聲音意為“聽起來”后接形容詞作表語noise意為“噪音；喧鬧聲”常指不悅耳、不和諧的聲音②either的用法(1)either

可做形容詞和代詞，意為“（兩者中）任何一個(gè)”Eitherofthemagazines(be)interesting.(2)either…or…意為

“或者…或者…，要么…要么…”

表示對(duì)兩事物或情況的選擇，連接相同的句子成分。你要么領(lǐng)先要么落后。當(dāng)這個(gè)女孩開心時(shí)，要么唱歌要么跳舞。Whenthegirlishappy,she晚飯后要么我媽媽要么我爸爸洗碗。aftersupper.(3)either，“也”，用于否定句末Ifyoudon’tgothere,Iwon’t,either.③knock碰，撞(1)vi.“敲；擊；打；碰”固定短語：knockat/onsth.敲某物（門、窗等）(2)n.意為“敲擊聲”【拓展】knock的短語knocksth.onto將某物撞到....上knockat/on敲knockover撞翻；碰倒knockdown打倒；撞倒；拆（建筑物）knocksth.off(..)把某物從...上撞掉④形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)

1.形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

形容詞可以根據(jù)其性質(zhì)和特征的不同，進(jìn)行比較。比較級(jí)用于兩個(gè)事物的比較，最高級(jí)則用于三個(gè)以上事物的比較。例如：

-Thisflowerismorebeautifulthanthatone.（這朵花比那朵花更漂亮。）

2.副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)和形容詞一樣，可以用于描述更多的性質(zhì)和特征。例如：

-Shesingsmorebeautifullythanhersister.（她唱歌比她姐姐唱得更動(dòng)聽。）

⑤offer的用法offer/用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“主動(dòng)提出、自愿給予”，主要用法如下：（1）offersth.意為“提供某物、提供某事”。Heofferedagoodplanforourholiday.（2）offertodosth.意為“（主動(dòng)）提出做某事”。Tomofferedtodriveustothebusstation.（3）offersb.sth./offersth.tosb.意為“（主動(dòng)）給某人提供某物”。Weshouldofferothersourhelp.⑥辨析spend,pay,take和costspend主語是人spend...onsth./spend...(in)doingsth.pay主語是人payforsth./paysb.forsth.take主語是itIttakessb.+時(shí)間+todosth.cost主語是物sth.costssb.+金錢⑦辨析howlong,howsoon和howoftenhowlong“多長時(shí)間”，提問for和since引出的時(shí)間狀語---Howlongdidyoustaythere?---Forabouttwoweeks.howsoon“多久”提問“in+一段時(shí)間”---Howsoonwilltheycomeback?---Intwoweeks.howoften“多久一次”，提問動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率---Howoftendoyougohome?---Onceaweek.⑧recommendDavidasournewmonitor=recommendDavidtobeournewmonitorrecommendsth.tosb.=recommendsb.sth.向某人推薦某物⑨inall總計(jì)，一共，總共aboveall重中之重，首要的是，最重要的是，尤其是firstofall首先afterall畢竟not…atall一點(diǎn)也不，根本就不⑩重點(diǎn)單詞的用法（1）honestadj.誠實(shí)的,正直的(p7)開頭的輔音字母h不發(fā)音，修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí),之前必須用不定冠詞an。反義詞他是一個(gè)誠實(shí)的男孩。Heis..【拓展1】tobehonest“老實(shí)說，坦白說”=honestlyspeaking=totellthetruth，作插入語Tobehonest,Idon’tlikethemusicatall.坦白說，我一點(diǎn)也不喜歡這音樂?！就卣?】behonestwithsb.意為“對(duì)某人誠實(shí)”【中考典例】Peterreturnedthewallettothepolice.Hewas_______honestboy.aB.anC.theD.不填（2）secretn.秘密,秘訣(p7)用作名詞時(shí)，在句中可以作主語、賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語;常與動(dòng)詞keep構(gòu)成固定搭配?！就卣埂亢瑂ecret的短語keepasecret=keepsecrets保守秘密keepasecretforsb.為某人保守秘密keepthe/one’ssecrettooneself把秘密藏在某人自己心里secret用作形容詞時(shí)，意思是“秘密的”，用作定語修飾名詞?！揪殹恳粋€(gè)秘密的計(jì)劃____________________________【中考典例】—What'syour_______ofstayinghealthy?—Idoexercise30minuteseverydayandhaveabalanced(均衡的)diet.troubleB.mistakeC.problemD.secret（3）divide…into…把…分成…bedividedinto…被分成…divide...between/amongsb在....之間分配..練習(xí)：老師把我們班分成四個(gè)小組。Theteacher你們通常被分為幾組來做小組討論？tomakegroupdiscussion?Hedividedthecookies________thechildrenwhoweredivided_________threegroups.A.in,intoB.into,intoC.into,amongD.among,into（4）caren./verb.“關(guān)心，在意；關(guān)注”adj.careful“小心的；細(xì)心的”；adv.carefully“細(xì)心地”becarefulwith…..小心……反義詞：adj.careless“粗心的”；adv.carelessly“粗心地”【常用詞組】(1).takecare=lookout小心(2).takegoodcareofsb=lookaftersbwell照顧好某人【辨】careabout關(guān)心，關(guān)懷；careforsb/sth照料...；喜歡...【練】（1）Mayisa___________girlandshedoeseverything____________.（仔細(xì)）(2)Youmadesomanymistakesinyourhomeworkyesterday.How_________youwere!(3)Fireisverydangerous,andweshouldbe_________________（小心用火）.（5）lie此處為名詞，意為“謊言”，telllies“說謊”【拓展1】lie作動(dòng)詞意為“撒謊；躺，位于”lietosb.“對(duì)某人撒謊”原形過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞lie(vi.說謊)liedliedlyinglie(vi.躺，位于)laylainlyinglay(平放；放置；下蛋)laidlaidlaying【練】(1)他昨天對(duì)我們?nèi)鲋e了。He________________usyesterday.(2)地上躺著一個(gè)小孩。Therewasachild________________theground.(3)Atthefootofthemountain________(lie)avillage(4)Thehens________50eggslastweek.【中考典例】Thefamousbookshop________(lie)onCharingCrossRoadinLondoninthe1940s.（6）boredadj.無聊的對(duì)某事厭煩；對(duì)某事感到無聊_____________【辨析】bored與boring________意為“無聊的；厭倦的；煩悶的”，常用于修飾人的心理。________意為“無趣的，乏味的；令人厭煩的“，常用于修飾事或物?！揪殹?1)There’sa______expressiononherface.她臉上有一種厭倦的表情。(2)Thespeakerwasso______thatIfelt______andalmostfellasleep【歸納】類似用法的單詞還有： interestedadj.感興趣的interestingadj.有趣的excitedadj.激動(dòng)的，興奮的excitingadj.令人激動(dòng)的，令人興奮的練習(xí)一、單選()1.Heisvery______toeveryoneandhetoldushowtodoit_______justnow．polite；politelyB.politely；politeC.polite；politeD.politely；politely()2．We________themand________thebasketballmatchlastweek.A．beat;win B．beat;won C．won;beat D．win;beat()3.ChinesestudentshaveweeksinthesummertimethanAmericanstudents. A.more;onB.fewer;onC.fewer;offD.less;off()4.--Howwasyourtriptothepark?--Itcouldn'tbeWelostourwayanditkeptraining.A.nicerB.worstC.worseD.good()5.Hisunclecaughtabadcold.Nowheisstill.A.()6.Lucy’ssportsshoesareyours.A.likeB.alikeC.thesameD.different()7.Alotofpeopletriedtheirbest,but______peoplewontheprize.A.afewB.fewC.littleD.alittle()8.Nancyspenthalfanhour________thepianoeveryday.A.topracticeplaying B.practisingplaying C.practisingtoplay D.topractisetoplay( )9.Chinaislargerthan_____________inAfrica(非洲).othercountriesB.anyothercountryC.theothercountryD.anycountry( )10.__________childrenthereareinafamily,_________theirlifewillbe.theless;thebetterB.thefewer;thebetterfewer;richerD.more;poorer()11.——Look!Who's________girlinaredskirtoverthere?——Oh,sheismysister,Kate.Sheis________honestgirl.that;a B．this;the C．this;a D．that;an()12.——Mrs.Wang,I'mafraidIcan'tfinishtheworkintwodays.——Don'tworry.I'llgiveyou________days.A.twoanother B．twomore C．moretwo D．twomany()13.--_______________________?--Heistallandhandsome.A.Whatdoeshelooklike? B.Whatishelook?C.Whatishelike? D.Whatdoeshelike?()14.Whenyouaredoingreadingexercises,itisagoodideato________thequestionsbeforeyoureadthearticles.lookoverB.lookafterC.lookthroughD.lookinto()15.There_____anumberofteachersandstudentsinourschool,andthenumberoftheteachers_______becominglargerandlarger.A.is;areB.are;isC.are;areD.is;is()16.MybestfriendJacklookshappy,andhealways_______asmile_______hisface.A.wear;on B.put;in C.wears;on D.wears;in()17.Thejokeoftenmakesthechildren.A.fun,laughB.funny,tolaughC.fun,laughD.funny,laugh()18.—Doyouhaveenoughtime_______after-schoolactivities?—Ofcourse.Weonlyhavehalfanhour________homework.二、單詞1.ZhengWenisagoodgirl,sheis___________(friend)toeveryone.2.Ina(mix)school,boysandgirlshavelessonstogether.3.LinTaogoestothecountrytoseehisgrandparents(two)amonth.4.Simonhas(little)orangejuicethanMillie.5.Wealwayshaveagreattime_____________(chat)witheachother.6.Doyoulike____________(Britain)EnglishorAmericanEnglish?7.Theteacheraskedmesomethingaboutmy________(day)life.8.Whichdoyouthinkis____________(interesting),goingtoapicnicorgoingfishing?9.Springfestivalisthe_________(big)festivalinChina.Itisagoodtimeforfamilymembertogettogether.10.Theyoungman____________(ride)abikeisourPEteacher.11.Yourmother_____________(get)everythingreadyforyou,hasn’tshe?12.Duringthepastfiveyears,there_______________(be)greatchangesinourvillage.13.Weshouldkeepon____________(try)untilwewin.14.____________(take)abusismuchfasterthanwalking.15.Let’shaveafurther_____________(discuss)withourfriends.16.Jim__________(信任)hisfather,sohecantellhisfathereverything.17.Simonlikestotell____________(笑話)afterclass.18.We___________(選擇)Tomtobeourmonitoryesterday.19.SunYangisoneofthebest____________(游泳者)intheworld.20.Itisn’taneasything,soyoushouldbe_____________(耐心的)21.What’sthe___________(高度)ofthemountain?22.He_____________(碰)mybookontothegroundwhenhewalkedpastmydesk.23.Sheisatallgirlwithlong____________(筆直的)hair.24.Nevertell____________(謊言).Youshouldbehonest.25.Her__________(微笑的)eyesmakeherlooksweet.26.Heisgoodatplayingfootballandheisan___________(杰出的)footballplayer.27.Shegoesswimmingatweekends.Swimmingisoneofher_____________(興趣).28.Welearnalotaboutdifferent___________(文化)aftervisitingtheWorldPark.29.Hedoesn’tknowthe____________(意思)ofthisword.30.Wearegoingtoclimbupthe___________(巖石)tomorrow.31.Ican’tfindmy___________(票).Haveyouseenthem?32.Hecan’t____________(拉)theheavybox.33.Withyour___________(支持),ourteamwillwin.34.The____________(費(fèi)用)ofthetripis20yuaneachstudent.35.The_____________(總統(tǒng))oftheUSAlivesintheWhiteHouse.36.__________(幸好),hepassedthemathsexam.37.Theyarecrazyaboutclimbingmountains.Theywanttobegood____________(登山者).38.Thefanslike_______________(歡呼)fortheirteamwhenwatchingthematch.39.Whenhe____________(到達(dá))Shanghai,hecalledhisparents.40.Fishandmeathavedifferent______________(味道).41.Helosthiswayintheforestandhefeltso_____________(無助的).三、書面表達(dá)1.bestfriend第一部分：外貌、特點(diǎn)第二部分：品行第三部分：愛好其它……請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面提示，以Mybestfriend為題寫一篇短文介紹你的好朋友Daniel。特點(diǎn)圓臉，瘦高個(gè)兒；很幽默，經(jīng)常講笑話讓我們開懷大笑。品行愿意和朋友分享東西；對(duì)人友善；時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備幫助別人。愛好喜歡閱讀，每天看英文報(bào)刊雜志。喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)，每周二和四下午放學(xué)后和同學(xué)們一起打棒球。喜歡旅行，希望每周進(jìn)行一次學(xué)校旅行。未來計(jì)劃長大想當(dāng)……要求：1、表達(dá)清楚，語句通順，意思連貫。短文必須包括所有的信息，省略號(hào)部分適當(dāng)發(fā)揮1-2句。詞數(shù)90詞左右。MyfriendDanielIhaveawonderfulfriendnamedDaniel.I’dliketotellyousomethingabouthim.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Schoollife學(xué)校英文雜志《Teenagers》向全校學(xué)生征稿，稿件以描述校園生活為主題。以下是劉昊同學(xué)擬定的寫作提綱，假設(shè)你是劉昊，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)他的提綱，寫一篇以“Helen’sschoollife”為題的征文。1、學(xué)校生活豐富多彩而有趣，是一所混合學(xué)校；2、上午八點(diǎn)半開始，下午四點(diǎn)半結(jié)束；3、有音樂、計(jì)算機(jī)、科學(xué)等科目，最喜歡的科目是歷史。中文不太好，希望得到Nancy的幫助；4、有許多時(shí)間進(jìn)行課外活動(dòng)，作業(yè)少。經(jīng)常和好朋友一起到圖書館看書；5、學(xué)校每月有旅游活動(dòng)。要求：征文必須根據(jù)提綱自擬，要求語句通順、意思連貫、符合題意；詞數(shù)在80個(gè)左后，征文的首尾已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總次數(shù)；Helen’sschoollifeHelenlivesinAmerica.Sheisinthe8thgradeatRockyMountainHighSchool.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Helenenjoysherschoollife.四、完形填空Wehaveallkindsoffriends,suchasdogs,catsandsoon.Butdoyouthinkthatcomputersarepeople’sfriends,too?Nowletmetellyou___1___aboutitWeliveinthe"computerage".People,likescientist,teachersandevenstudents,usecomputerstodo___2___work.Butmorethan30yearsago,___3___couldn’tdomuchwork.Theywereverybigandexpensive.Very___4___peoplewereinterestedinthemandknewhowtousethem.Todaycomputersaresmallerand___5___.Andtheycandoalotofwork.Manypeopleliketousethem.___6___peoplehavethemathome.Computersbecomeveryimportantbecausetheycanwork___7___thanmenandmakefewermistakes.Computerscan___8___peopledoalotofwork.Teachersusethemtohelpteaching.Studentsusethem___9___.Computerscanalsorememberwhatyouputintothem.Computersarevery___10___andhelpful.Itistruethattheyareourgoodfriends.Doyouthinkso?()1.A.anything B.nothing C.something D.little()2.A.manyof B.allkindsof C.alot D.verymuch()3.A.scientists B.teachers C.students D.computers()4.A.few B.little C.afew D.alittle()5.A.cheap B.cheaper C.expensive D.moreexpensive()6.A.Moreorless B.FewerandfewerC.Lessandless D.Moreandmore()7.A.slow B.slower C.fast D.faster()8.A.help B.make C.use D.stop()9.A.study B.tostudy C.studying D.toeat()10.A.beautiful B.careful C.useful 五、閱讀理解OnSaturdaymorning,everyboyintownwashappy,exceptTomSawyer.Tom’sauntsaidhehadtopaintthefence(圍欄)becauseTomhadcausedsometrouble.Thefencewasthirtyyardslongandthreeyardshigh.Heknewotherboyswouldlaughathim.Hedidn’twanttobecomeajoke,sohethoughthard.Thenhecameupwithanideaandpickeduphisbrushtostartthework,Amomentlater,BenRogerscamewithanappleinhishand."I’mgoingswimming,"saidBen."Doyouwanttocome?Oh,youhavetowork,don’tyou?"Tomgotalittleangry,butsoonhehadawonderfulidea."Ofcoursenot.I’menjoyingmyself.Doesaboygetachancetopaintafencelikethiseveryday?"Tomsaidandwentonpainting.Benthoughtaboutthis.HewaswatchingTom’severymoveandwasgettingmoreandmoreinterested.Afterawhile,hesaid,"Tom,willyouletmedosomepainting?""Noway,yousee,AuntPollywantsittobedoneproperly.I’mtheonlyonethatcandoitright.]"Oh,please,Tom,"begged(懇求)Ben."Illbereallycareful.Letmetry.I’llgiveyouhalfmyappleinreturn.Wait,I’llgiveyouallofit.""That’sadeal,"saidTom."Butyoumustbecareful."HegaveBenhisbrushwithworryonhisfacebutjoyinhisheart.HestartedtoeatBen’sapple.Allday,boyspassedbyandwantedtopaint.WhenBengottired,Billybegantopaint.HegaveTomhisfavouritekite.ThenJohnnygavehimtwelvemarbles(彈珠),andsoon.Thatafternoon,Tomgotlotsof"treasure",andthefencegotthreecoatsofpaint.AuntPollywassopleasedwhenshesawthepaintedfencethatshegavehimalargecake!()1.Atfirst,TomSawyerwasunhappybecause__________.A.hehadtopaintthefence B.hehadnofriendstotalkwithC.hehadnoapplesandcakestoeat D.hedidn’twanttolivewithAuntPolly()2.WhenTomSawyerwasworking,Bencamealongto__________.A.givehimahand B.askhimtoswim C.laughathim D.givehimanapple()3.Theunderlined(畫線的)phrase"inreturn"means"__________"inChinese.A.歸還 B.返回 C.回報(bào) D.盈利()4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Tomthoughtpaintingthefencewasfun. B.Tomgotmanytoysandalargecakeintheend.C.Tomwastheonlyboywhocouldworkcarefully. D.AuntPollytreatedTomunkindly.()5.Fromthepassage,weknowTom