專題16有成就之人-備戰(zhàn)2022高考英語單元話題語法填空閱讀理解讀后續(xù)寫專項突破（人教版2019）

專題16有成就之人Part1語法填空（一）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AheartwarmingletterwrittenbyYuanLongpinghascaughtinternationalattentionastheworldismourning（哀悼）overhispassingaway.In2010,attheageof80,Yuanwrotetheletter1．memoryofhislatemother,HuaJing.Intheletter,2．(name)“TheRiceisRipe,Mom”,YuanlookedbacktotheolddayswithhismotherinAnjiangtownincentralChina'sHunanprovince,3．hismotherwasburiedin1989.“Mom,thericeisripe.Canyousmellit?ItseemsasifyourlaughisstillringinginAnjiang.Icanstillseemysonholding4．(you)handstohelpyouwalkthroughthericefield.”hewrote.Bornina5．(wealth)familyinYangzhou,easternChina'sJiangsuprovince,Huawaswelleducatedandopenminded.ShetaughtYuanEnglishandthe6．(thought)ofNietzsche（尼采）whenhewasveryyoung.Havingneverworkedinthefields,HuamovedtoAnjiangtowntosupporther7．(son)research.“Mom,thericeisripeandIcomebacktoAnjiang8．(see)you.EverytimewhenI9．(be)abletodeliveraspeechtotheaudiencefromaroundtheworldortakeaprizeinmystudy,Ialwaysthoughtofyou.YoumademewhoIam.PeoplesayI'vechangedthewordwithotinyriceseed,butIknowyouhadplantedtheseedinmewhenIwassill10．littleboy,mom.”（二）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChinesefemalescientistTuYouyouwonthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicineforthe11．(discover)ofartemisinin,whichhasbecomeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria.Itisbelievedthatitsaves100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.BorninNingbo,Chinain1930,TuYouyouisa12．(commit)andpatientscientist.In1967,somescientistswerechosentoformateam13．theobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria,oneof14．wasTuYouyou.Tofindanewtreatment,TuandherteamlookedthroughmanyancientChinesemedicaltextsandevaluated280,000plantsbefore15．(obtain)thepuresubstanceartemisinin.Inspiredbyatextfromthefourthcentury,Tu'steamtestedacollectionofdriedwormwoodleavesandusedtheliquidbyboilingfreshwormwood,16．theydidn'twork.TuYouyourealizedthatthehightemperaturemighthavedestroyed17．(it)medicalproperties.Shetriedusingalowertemperaturetodrawouttheextract.Afterfailingmorethan190times,theteam18．（final)succeededinfindingasubstancethatworked.Afterthedrugshowedpromisingresults,Tuandherteammembersinsistedthatthedrugshould19．（test)onthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.AwardedtheNobelPrize,Tusaid,thehonorwasnotjusthersbuttheteam'sandallthepeopleofhercountry's.Thissuccessisindeed20．honorforChina'sscientificresearchandChinesemedicine.（三）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。InApril,Zhejiang’selementaryschoolsmadethesetofTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)textbooksavailabletothepublic,whichwere21．firstoftheirkindinChina,makingtheprovinceapioneerinteachingthesubjectto22．(pupil)inthecountry.With36lessonsforfifth-gradestudentssofar,thetextbooksincludefundamentalknowledgeofTCM.TCM,whichhasmadegreatcontributionstotheprosperityofChina,23．(be)anintegralpartofChineseculture.TCM,withitsuniquediagnosticmethods,longhistoryandremarkableeffects,hasbeenused24．(treat)cancerandotherseriousdiseases.ItiswidelyusedinChinaandisbecoming25．(increasing)popularandrecognizedworldwide.Today26．ofTCMandwesternmedicinearebeingusedinprovidingmedicalandhealthservicesinChina.TCMhasachievedanewlevelinthepreventionandtreatmentofcommondiseases.SincetheCOVID-19pandemic,TCM27．(play)avitalrole.ZhongNanshan,28．hasbeendevotinghislifetomedicine,saidthatTCM29．(combine)withwesternmedicinemadegreatcontributionstothecureforCOVID-19.Accordingtothestatistics,therateofrecoverywasupto90%.30．,it’sthoughtthatthespringofTCMisnotfaraway.Part2閱讀理解（一）Whatkindofpeoplecanbecomescientists?Whenagroupofresearchersposedthatquestiontoninth-and10th-graders,almosteverystudentgavesuchresponsesas“Peoplewhoworkhard”or“Anyonewhoseemsinterestedinthefieldofscience.”Manyofthesesamestudentsstruggledtoimaginethemselvesasscientists,citingconcernssuchas“I’mnotgoodatscience”and“EvenifIworkhard,Iwillnotdowell.”It’seasyforthemtoseeascientist’sworkasarisingfromaninborntalent.Butforhighschoolstudents,learningmoreaboutsomestrugglesofscientistscanhelpstudentsfeelmoremotivatedtolearnscience.ResearchersatTeachersCollege,ColumbiaUniversityandtheUniversityofWashingtondesignedaninterventiontochangestudents’beliefsthatscientificachievementreflectsabilityratherthaneffortbyexposingstudentstostoriesofhowaccomplishedscientistsstruggledandovercamechallengesintheirscientificefforts.Duringthestudy,thestudentsreadoneofthreetypesofstoriesaboutAlbertEinstein,MarieCurieandMichaelFaraday.Intellectualstrugglestories:storiesabouthowscientists“struggledintellectually,”suchasmakingmistakeswhiletacklingascientificproblemandlearningfromthem.Lifestrugglestories:storiesabouthowscientistsstruggledintheirpersonallives,suchasnotgivingupinthefaceofpovertyorlackoffamilysupport.Achievementstories:storiesabouthowscientistsmadegreatdiscoveries,withoutanydiscussionofcoexistingchallenges.Researchersfoundthatstudentswhoheardeithertypeof“strugglestories”improvedtheirscienceperformancepost-intervention,relativetostudentsinthecontrolgroup.Theeffectwasespeciallypronouncedforlowerperformingstudents,forwhomexposuretostrugglingstoriesledtosignificantlybetterscience-classperformancethanlow-performingstudentswhoreadachievementstories.Inaddition,studentswhoreadstrugglestoriesreportedfeelingmorepersonallyconnectedtothescientists.Byidentifyingascientist’sstrugglesandintroducingthegrowthmindsetheorsheappliedtoaccomplishgreatworks,thestudentswereabletoempathize(共情)withthescientistsduringtheirownstruggles.31．Whydostudentsfailtoimaginethemselvesasscientists?A．Theylackinterestinscience. B．Theydon’tpossessinborntalent,C．Theyareshortofconfidence. D．Theyhavenoabilitytostudyscience32．What’sthepurposeoftheintervention?A．Tointroducesomeinspirationalstoriestostudents.B．Toexposestudentstoscientists’greatachievements.C．Toensurestudentswillbecomescientistsinthefuture.D．Toclearstudents’misunderstandingsofscientificwork.33．Theunderlinedword“pronounced”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.A．delicate B．permanent C．doubtful D．a(chǎn)pparent34．Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A．Scienceabilityhasnothingtodowithefforts.B．Studentsaremoremotivatedbyachievementstories.C．Scientists’strugglestoriescaninfluencereaders’beliefs.D．Low-performingstudentstendtofeelconnectedtoscientists.（二）DonnaStricklandisaprofessorintheDepartmentofPhysicsandAstronomy.ProfessorStricklandisoneoftherecipients(接受者)oftheNobelPrizeinPhysics2018withGérardMourou,herPhDteacheratthetime.TheypublishedthisNobel-winningresearchin1985whenStricklandwasaPhDstudentattheUniversityofRochesterinNewYorkstate.Togethertheypavedthewaytowardthemostintenselaserpulsesevercreated.ProfessorDonnaStricklandisonlythethirdwomanevertohavewontheNobelPrizeinPhysics.SheandherfellowwinnerswerehonoredforwhattheNobelCommitteecalledgroundbreakinginventionsinlaserphysics.ProfessorStricklandfoundawaytouselasersasveryprecisedrillingorcuttingtools.Millionsofeyeoperationsareperformedeveryyearwiththesesharpestlaserbeams."Howsurprisingdoyouthinkitisthatyou'rethethirdwomantowinthisprize?""Well,thatissurprising,isn'tit?Ithinkthat'sthestoryofMariathatpeoplewanttotalkabout—thatwhyshouldittake60years?Therearesomanywomenouttheredoingfantasticresearch,sowhydoesittakesolongtogetrecognized?"Physicsstillhasoneofthelargestgender(性別)gapsinscience.Onerecentstudyconcludedthatatthecurrentrateitwouldbemorethantwocenturiesuntiltherewereequalnumbersofseniormaleandfemaleresearchersinthefield.ThelastwomantowintheNobelPrizeinPhysicswasGerman-bornMariaGoeppertMayerforherdiscoveriesaboutthenucleiofatoms.BeforethatitwasMarieCurie,whosharedthe1903prizewithherhusband,Pierre.Thisyear'swinnershopethatbreakingthishalfcenturyhiatus(間斷)willmeanthefocusinthefuturewillbeontheresearch,ratherthanthegenderoftheresearcher.35．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword"groundbreaking"inParagraph2?A．Active. B．Amazing.C．Creative. D．Interesting.36．WhatdoweknowaboutProfessorStrickland'sachievement?A．Shecreatedthemostintenselaserpulsesbyherself.B．Shesupportedequalitybetweenmanandwomen.C．Shediscoveredthenucleiofatomswithherhusband.D．Sheinventedawayofusinglasersascuttingtools.37．WhendidthesecondwomanwinningtheNobelPrizeinPhysicswinthehonor?A．In1903. B．In1958.C．In1963. D．In1985.38．WhatcanbeinferredfromthestatementsinParagraph4?A．Women'sachievementsinphysicsareasgreatasmen's.B．Women'sachievementsinphysicsaremoreandmorefantastic.C．Maria'sdiscoveriesresultedfromherlongtimeresearch.D．Genderinequalitystillexistsinthefieldofscienceresearch.（三）Istartedoutinlifewithfewadvantages.Ididn'tgraduatefromhighschool.Iworkedatmenial(不體面的)jobs.Ihadlimitededucation,limitedskillsandalimitedfuture.AndthenIbeganasking,"Whyaresomepeoplemoresuccessfulthanothers?"Thisquestionchangedmylife.Overtheyears,Ihavereadthousandsofbooksandarticlesonthesubjectsofsuccessandachievement(成就).Itseemsthatthereasonshavebeendiscussedandwrittenaboutformorethantwothousandyears,ineverypossibleway.Onequalitythatmostphilosophers,teachersandexpertsagreeonistheimportanceofself-discipline(自律).AsAlTomsiksummarizedityearsago,"Successistonsofdiscipline."Someyearsago,IattendedaconferenceinWashington.ItwasthelunchbreakandIwaseatingatanearbyfoodfair.TheareawascrowdedandIsatdownatthelastopentablebymyself,eventhoughitwasatableforfour.Afewminuteslater,anoldergentlemanandayoungerwomanwhowashisassistantcamealongcarryingtraysoffood,obviouslylookingforaplacetosit.Withplentyofroomatmytable,Iimmediatelyinvitedtheoldergentlemantojoinme.Hewashesitant(猶豫),butIinsisted.Finally,thankingmeashesatdown,webegantochatoverlunch.ItturnedoutthathisnamewasKopKopmeyer.Asithappened,Iimmediatelyknewwhohewas.Hewasalegendinthefieldofsuccessandachievement.KopKopmeyerhadwrittenfourlargebooks,eachofwhichcontained250successprinciplesthathehadobtainedfrommorethanfiftyyearsofresearchandstudy.Ihadreadallfourbooksfromcovertocover,morethanonce.Afterwehadchattedforawhile,Iaskedhimthequestionthatmanypeopleinthissituationwouldask,"Ofalltheonethousandsuccessprinciplesthatyouhavediscovered,whichdoyouthinkisthemostimportant?”Hesmiledatme,asifhehadbeenaskedthisquestionmanytimes,andreplied,withouthesitating,"ThemostimportantsuccessprincipleofallwasstatedbyThomasHuxleymanyyearsago.Hesaid,'Dowhatyoushoulddo,whenyoushoulddoit,whetheryoufeellikeitornot.'"Hewentontosay,"Thereare999othersuccessprinciplesthatIhavefoundinmyreadingandexperience,butwithoutself-discipline,noneofthemwork."39．WhydidthewriteraskthequestioninParagraph2?A．Becausehewasn'tsatisfiedwithhimself.B．Becausehewasapersonofself-discipline.C．Becausehedislikethosesuccessfulpeople.D．Becausehewantedtosharehisideaonsuccess.40．Whatmadethewriterinvitetheoldergentlemantojoinhim?A．Hisgreatkindness. B．Thegentleman'sfame.C．Hiseagernessforsuccess. D．Thegentleman'shabit.41．Whatarethefourlargebooksabout?A．Personalchanges B．ThesecretofsuccessC．Sayingsofwisdom D．Thegentleman'smanners.42．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheMagicofReading B．AnUnexpectedConversationC．AQuestionthatChangedMyLife D．ThePowerofSelf-disciplinePart3讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Yearsago,inasmallfishingvillageinHolland,ayoungboytaughttheworldabouttherewardsofunselfishservice．Becausetheentirevillagelivedonfishing,avolunteerrescueteamwasneededincaseofemergency.Onenight,thewindsscreaming,afishingboatwasturnedoverbyastrongstormatsea．Thecrew(全體船員)introublesentouttheS.O.Ssignals．Thecaptainoftherescuerowboatteamsoundedthealarm(警報)andthevillagersgatheredinthetownsquareoverlookingthesea．Whentheteamgotontheirrescueboatandfoughttheirwaythroughthewildwaves,thevillagerswaitednervouslyonthebeach,holdinglamps(燈)tolightthewayback．Anhourlater,therescueboatreappearedthroughthefog(霧)andthecheeringvillagersrantogreetthem．Fallingexhausted(精疲力竭的)onthesand,thevolunteersreportedthattherescueboatcouldnotholdanymorepassengersandtheyhadtoleaveonemanbehind．Evenonemorepassengerwouldhavesurelyoverturnedtherescueboatandallthepeopleonboardwouldhavebeenlost．Anxiously,thecaptaincalledforanothervolunteerteamtolookforthesurvivor．Sixteen-year-oldHanssteppedforward．Hismotherheldhisarm,crying,“pleasedon'tgo．Yourfatherdiedinashipwreck(船只失事)10yearsagoandyourelderbrother,Paul,hasbeenlostatseaforthreeweeks．Hans,youareallIhaveleft．”注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Hansreplied,“Mother,Ihavetogo．________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Afterwhatseemedacentury,therescueboatfinallybrokethroughthethickfog,withHansstandinginthebow(船頭),wavingtothewaitingcrowds.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案Part1語法填空（一）1．in2．named3．where4．your5．wealthy6．thoughts7．son’s8．tosee9．was10．a(chǎn)【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了袁隆平寫給母親的信，信中表明了他的母親對他的影響，以及他表達(dá)了對母親的思念之情。1．考查介詞。句意：在2010年，80歲的袁隆平寫下一封信來紀(jì)念他的母親，華靜。inmemoryof為固定搭配，表示“紀(jì)念”，故填in。2．考查過去分詞。句意：在這封叫做“媽媽，稻子熟了”的信中，袁回想起在中國湖南省中部的安江鎮(zhèn)和母親在一起的日子，他的母親于1989年埋葬在安江鎮(zhèn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處做非謂語動詞用來修飾前面的letter，做定語，letter和name是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式，故填named。3．考查定語從句關(guān)系副詞。句意：在這封叫做“媽媽，稻子熟了”的信中，袁回想起在中國湖南省中部的安江鎮(zhèn)和母親在一起的日子，他的母親于1989年埋葬在安江鎮(zhèn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“________hismotherwasburiedin1989.”是定語從句，先行詞是Anjiangtown，定語從句中缺少地點狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞，故填where。4．考查物主代詞。句意：他寫到，“我仍然記得我的兒子牽著你的手來幫你走過稻田”。根據(jù)后面的hands可知，空處填形容詞性物主代詞，用來修飾hands，故填your。5．考查形容詞。句意：華靜出生在中國江蘇省東部的揚州一個富有的家庭，她受到很好的教育并且思想開放。根據(jù)后面的family可知，空處用形容詞來修飾名詞family，故填wealthy。6．考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意：她在袁很小的時候，教袁英語和尼采的思想。根據(jù)句意可知，空處應(yīng)用名詞形式做teach的賓語，thought表示“思想”是可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填thoughts。7．考查名詞所有格。句意：華靜從沒下過田，她搬到安江鎮(zhèn)來支持她的兒子的研究。根據(jù)句意可知，空處表示“兒子的”，應(yīng)用名詞所有格，故填son’s。8．考查非謂語動詞。句意：媽媽，大米熟了，我回安江來看你了。根據(jù)句意可知，空處是非謂語動詞，表示目的，應(yīng)用動詞不定式形式，故填tosee。9．考查系動詞和時態(tài)。句意：每回當(dāng)我能對世界各地的觀眾發(fā)表演講時或者在我的研究中獲獎時，我總會想起你。根據(jù)句意和主句“Ialwaysthoughtofyou”可知，句子表達(dá)的是過去的事，應(yīng)用一般過去時，故填was。10．考查冠詞。句意：人們說我用小小的大米種子改變了世界，但是我知道當(dāng)我很小時你就在我內(nèi)心種下了這顆種子，媽媽。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ittleboy,”可知，此處表示泛指，且little不是以元音音素開頭的單詞，應(yīng)用a，故填a。（二）11．discovery12．committed13．with14．whom15．obtaining16．but17．its18．finally19．betested20．a(chǎn)n【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了中國女科學(xué)家屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾獎的事。【詳解】1.考查名詞。句意：中國女性科學(xué)家屠呦呦獲得2015年諾貝爾生理學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)獎，是由于她發(fā)現(xiàn)了抗瘧新藥青蒿素，這種藥已經(jīng)成為治療瘧疾的重要組成部分。根據(jù)前面的定冠詞the可知，空處是名詞，做介詞for的賓語，且此處表示特指發(fā)現(xiàn)抗瘧新藥青蒿素，應(yīng)用單數(shù)，故填discovery。

2.考查形容詞。句意：屠呦呦于1930出生在中國寧波。她是一個堅定地和有耐心的科學(xué)家。根據(jù)句意可知，空處是形容詞做定語，表示“堅定的”，修飾名詞scientist(科學(xué)家)，故填committed。3.考查介詞。句意：在1967年，一些科學(xué)家被選中組成一個團隊，目的是發(fā)現(xiàn)一種新的治療瘧疾的方法，其中一個科學(xué)家就是屠呦呦。根據(jù)句意可知，withtheobjectiveof是固定搭配，表示“目的是......”，故填with。4.考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：在1967年，一些科學(xué)家被選中組成一個團隊，目的是發(fā)現(xiàn)一種新的治療瘧疾的方法，其中一個科學(xué)家就是屠呦呦。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“oneof__________wasTuYouyou.”是非限定性定語從句，先行詞是scientists(科學(xué)家)，指人，且空處是做介詞of的賓語，只能用whom，不能用who，故填whom。5.考查動名詞。句意：為了找到一種新的治療方法，屠呦呦和她的團隊瀏覽了許多中國古代醫(yī)學(xué)文獻，在獲得純青蒿素之前評估了280000顆植物?？仗幨亲鼋樵~before(在......之前)的賓語，介詞后面的動詞應(yīng)用動名詞形式，所以obtain(得到；獲得)應(yīng)用動名詞形式做賓語，故填obtaining。6.考查連詞。句意：屠呦呦的團隊受到四世紀(jì)的一個文獻的啟發(fā)，測試了一堆干艾草葉子，使用煮沸的新鮮艾草液體，但是這些東西沒有效果。根據(jù)句意可知，前后兩句是折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞but(但是)，故填but。7.考查代詞。句意：屠呦呦意識到高溫或許能摧毀藥性。由后面的名詞properties(特性)可知，空處用形容詞性物主代詞its，表示“它的”，修飾properties，故填its。8.考查副詞。句意：在失敗了190次后，這個團隊最終成功發(fā)現(xiàn)有效果的一種物質(zhì)?？仗幮揎椪麄€句子，作狀語，應(yīng)用副詞形式，finally表示“最終”，故填finally。9.考查被動語態(tài)。句意：在這個藥顯示出有希望的結(jié)果后，屠呦呦和她的團隊堅持讓藥物在他們自己身上測試，以確保藥是安全的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處是謂語動詞，test(測試)和drug(藥)是被動關(guān)系，且情態(tài)動詞should后面應(yīng)用動詞原形，故填betested。10.考查冠詞。句意：這次成功確實是中國科學(xué)研究何中醫(yī)的一項榮譽。根據(jù)句意可知，honour(榮譽)是可數(shù)名詞，表示泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且honour的發(fā)音是以元音音素開頭，故填an。（三）21．the22．pupils23．is24．totreat25．increasingly26．both27．hasplayed28．who29．combined30．Therefore/So【分析】本文是新聞報道。今年4月，浙江的小學(xué)向公眾開放了一套中國傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)(TCM)教材，這是中國的第一個此類教材，使浙江省成為全國教育學(xué)生中醫(yī)的先驅(qū)。文章介紹了中醫(yī)的作用和重要貢獻。21．考查冠詞。句意：今年4月，浙江的小學(xué)向公眾開放了一套中國傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)(TCM)教材，這是中國的第一個此類教材，使浙江省成為全國教育學(xué)生這一學(xué)科的先驅(qū)。序數(shù)詞first前用定冠詞限定，故填the。22．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：今年4月，浙江的小學(xué)向公眾開放了一套中國傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)(TCM)教材，這是中國的第一個此類教材，使浙江省成為全國教育學(xué)生這一學(xué)科的先驅(qū)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指浙江省的所有小學(xué)生，pupil是可數(shù)名詞，用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填pupils。23．考查主謂一致。句意：中醫(yī)藥為中華民族的繁榮昌盛做出了巨大貢獻，是中華文化的重要組成部分。此處表示客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時。句中主語TCM是單數(shù)，故填is。24．考查不定式。句意：中醫(yī)以其獨特的診斷方法、悠久的歷史和顯著的療效，被用于治療癌癥和其他重大疾病。“被用于做某事”是beusedtodo，故填totreat。25．考查副詞。句意：它在中國被廣泛使用，并在世界范圍內(nèi)越來越受歡迎和認(rèn)可。修飾形容詞popular用副詞，故填increasingly。26．考查代詞。句意：今天，中醫(yī)和西醫(yī)在中國的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中并舉。此處指TCM和westernmedicine兩者，“兩者都”是both，故填both。27．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：新冠肺炎大流行以來，中醫(yī)藥發(fā)揮了重要作用。時間狀語SincetheCOVID-19pandemic和現(xiàn)在完成時連用，主語TCM是單數(shù)，故填hasplayed。28．考查定語從句。句意：鐘南山畢生從事醫(yī)學(xué)研究，他說，中西醫(yī)結(jié)合為新型冠狀病毒肺炎的治療做出了巨大貢獻。句中包含非限制性定語從句，先行詞是ZhongNanshan，在非限制性定語從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填who。29．考查過去分詞。句意：鐘南山畢生從事醫(yī)學(xué)研究，他說，中西醫(yī)結(jié)合為新型冠狀病毒肺炎的治療做出了巨大貢獻。賓語從句中已有謂語動詞made，此處用非謂語動詞。從句主語TCM和動詞combine是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作定語，故填combined。30．考查副詞。句意：因此，人們認(rèn)為中醫(yī)的春天已經(jīng)不遠(yuǎn)了。上句介紹中醫(yī)在治療新型冠狀病毒肺炎中起的重要作用，與下句是因果關(guān)系，故填Therefore/So。Part2閱讀理解（一）31．C32．D33．D34．C【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了研究人員向九年級和十年級的學(xué)生提出“什么樣的人可以成為科學(xué)家”這個問題時，幾乎每個學(xué)生的回答都是“努力學(xué)習(xí)的人”或“對科學(xué)領(lǐng)域感興趣的人”。為了解除這種誤解，研究人員設(shè)計了一項干預(yù)，即，了解更多關(guān)于科學(xué)家的奮斗可以幫助學(xué)生更有動力學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，聽過任何一種“奮斗故事”的學(xué)生在干預(yù)后的科學(xué)表現(xiàn)都有所提高。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“Manyofthesesamestudentsstruggledtoimaginethemselvesasscientists,citingconcernssuchas‘I’mnotgoodatscience’and‘EvenifIworkhard,Iwillnotdowell.’It’seasyforthemtoseeascientist’sworkasarisingfromaninborntalent.(同樣是這些學(xué)生中的許多人都很難將自己想象成科學(xué)家，理由是“我不擅長科學(xué)”和“即使我努力工作，也不會做得很好”。他們很容易將科學(xué)家的工作視為天生的才能。)”可知，這些學(xué)生認(rèn)為能夠成為科學(xué)家是天生的才能，“自己不擅長”或“即使努力也無法做好”這樣的理由可以看作為他們在科學(xué)這一方面缺乏自信，從而很難將自己想象成科學(xué)家。故選C項。32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“ResearchersatTeachersCollege,ColumbiaUniversityandtheUniversityofWashingtondesignedaninterventiontochangestudents’beliefsthatscientificachievementreflectsabilityratherthaneffortbyexposingstudentstostoriesofhowaccomplishedscientistsstruggledandovercamechallengesintheirscientificefforts.(教師學(xué)院、哥倫比亞大學(xué)和華盛頓大學(xué)的研究人員設(shè)計了一種干預(yù)措施，讓學(xué)生了解有成就的科學(xué)家在科學(xué)努力中如何努力和克服挑戰(zhàn)的故事，從而改變學(xué)生們認(rèn)為科學(xué)成就反映的是能力而不是努力的觀念。)”可知，這項干預(yù)通過讓學(xué)生們了解科學(xué)家們?nèi)绾闻^斗克服挑戰(zhàn)的，以改變學(xué)生對于“科學(xué)家工作”的誤解。故選D項。33．詞義猜測題。分析可知，非限制性定語從句“forwhomexposuretostrugglingstoriesledtosignificantlybetterscience-classperformancethanlow-performingstudentswhoreadachievementstories(對他們來說，接觸奮斗故事比閱讀成就故事的成績差的學(xué)生在科學(xué)課上表現(xiàn)更好)”的先行詞為“l(fā)owerperformingstudents(成績差的學(xué)生)”，因此可知，在“干預(yù)”后，接觸奮斗故事的成績差的學(xué)生和閱讀成就故事的成績差的學(xué)生在科學(xué)課上都有了好的表現(xiàn)，且二者之間通過對比出現(xiàn)了“更好”，由此可推知，干預(yù)對于成績差的學(xué)生效果顯著，因此，“Theeffectwasespeciallypronounced”應(yīng)是“效果顯著”的意思，由此可推知，“pronounced”應(yīng)是“顯著的；明星的”含義，與選項D“apparent(顯而易見的)”含義相同。故選D項。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章末尾內(nèi)容“Byidentifyingascientist’sstrugglesandintroducingthegrowthmindsetheorsheappliedtoaccomplishgreatworks,thestudentswereabletoempathizewiththescientistsduringtheirownstruggles.(通過了解一個科學(xué)家的奮斗史，并介紹他或她為完成偉大的工作而應(yīng)用的成長心態(tài)，學(xué)生們能夠在他們自己的奮斗過程中與科學(xué)家產(chǎn)生共鳴。)”可知，通過了解一個科學(xué)家的奮斗史，學(xué)生們使得自己在奮斗過程中能夠產(chǎn)生與科學(xué)家的共鳴，從而能夠改變之前的對于科學(xué)家工作的誤解。由此可推知，科學(xué)家的奮斗故事可以影響讀者的信念。故選C項。（二）35．C36．D37．B38．D【分析】本文是一篇說明文。斯特里克蘭德教授是2018年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎的獲得者之一，她是第三個獲得諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎的女性?！驹斀狻?.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“SheandherfellowwinnerswerehonoredforwhattheNobelCommitteecalledground-breakinginventionsinlaserphysics.”（她和其他獲獎?wù)咭蛑Z貝爾委員會所稱的激光物理學(xué)的突破性發(fā)明而獲獎。）可知，能獲得諾貝爾獎一定是創(chuàng)造性的發(fā)明。A.Active積極的；B.Amazing令人驚奇的；C.Creative具有創(chuàng)造力的；D.Interesting有趣的。故選C。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ProfessorStricklanddevisedawaytouselasersasveryprecisedrillingorcuttingtools.”（斯特里克蘭德教授發(fā)明了一種利用激光作為非常精確的鉆孔或切割工具的方法。）可知，她發(fā)明了一種利用激光作為精確切割工具的方法。選項D與文意相符，故選D。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“ProfessorStricklandisoneoftherecipients(接受者)oftheNobelPrizeinPhysics2018withGérardMourou,herPhDsupervisoratthetime.”（斯特里克蘭德教授是2018年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎的獲得者之一，當(dāng)時她的博士導(dǎo)師杰拉德·穆魯(GerardMourou)也在該獎之列。)可知，斯特里克蘭德教授是2018年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎；第四段中“thatwhyshouldittake60years?”（那為什么要花60年?）和最后一段中“ThelastwomantowinaphysicsNobelwasGerman-bornMariaGoeppert-Mayerforherdiscoveriesaboutthenucleiofatoms.BeforethatitwasMarieCurie,whosharedthe1903prizewithherhusband,Pierre.”（上一位獲得諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎的女性是出生于德國的瑪麗亞·格佩特-梅耶爾(MariaGoeppert-Mayer)，她因發(fā)現(xiàn)原子核而獲獎。在此之前，瑪麗居里(MarieCurie)和丈夫皮埃爾(Pierre)共同獲得1903年諾貝爾和平獎。）由此推知，第二個諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎是在1958年授予女性的。選項B與文意相符，故選B。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Physicsstillhasoneofthelargestgendergapsinscience.Onerecentstudyconcludedthatatthecurrentratesitwouldbemorethantwocenturiesuntiltherewereequalnumbersofseniormaleandfemaleresearchersinthefield.”（物理學(xué)仍然是科學(xué)界性別差距最大的領(lǐng)域之一。最近的一項研究得出結(jié)論，按照目前的速度，這一領(lǐng)域的高級男女研究人員人數(shù)相等將需要兩個多世紀(jì)。）可知，性別歧視在科學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域仍然存在。選項D與文意相符，故選D。（三）39．A40．A41．B42．D【分析】本文為一篇記敘文，通過描寫作者與一位年長紳士的對話，表達(dá)了作者認(rèn)為自律對于成功有著非常關(guān)鍵的作用的觀點?！驹斀狻?.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Istartedoutinlifewithfewadvantages.Ididn'tgraduatefromhighschool.I