2023屆山西省忻州市高三上學期一模英語試題 【含答案解析】

第1頁/共1頁高三英語考試(考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhatdidthewomandoonSunday?A.Shewentsailing.B.Shewentfishing.C.Shewentcycling.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Workmates.B.Classmates.C.Brotherandsister.3.Whatistheweatherlikeinthemorning?A.Fine.B.Windy.C.Rainy.4.Whatdoweknowaboutthelostluggage?A.It’sred.B.It’sbrown.C.It’squitebig.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Apaper.B.Aweekend.C.Atypewriter.第二節(jié)，(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.What’sonintheCapitalMuseum?A.Anartexhibition.B.AnexhibitionoftheTangDynasty.C.Anexhibitionofforeignpaintings.7.WhenwillthespeakersvisittheCapitalMuseum?A.ThisSaturdaymorning.B.NextSundayafternoon.C.NextSundaymorning.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Howmanyattractionsdoesthemanlist?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.9.Wherewillthespeakersbegintheirjourney?A.TheSummerPalace.B.TheGreatWall.C.TheOlympicPark.10.Howwillthespeakersgettotheirdestinationfirst?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhichofthefollowingisShirley’ssummerplan?A.Todoapart-timejobB.Topreparefortheexam.C.ToreadbooksaboutAustralia.12.WhatdoesTomwanttodointhesummerholiday?A.PracticeoralEnglish.B.Getsomesocialexperience.C.Learnsomethingaboutengineering.13.WhichcountrywillShirleytravelto?A.England.B.Australia.C.Egypt.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhoisKim?A.Theman’sfriend.B.Theman’sneighbor.C.Thewoman’sroommate.15.WhoisKimalwayscomplainingabout?A.Herroommates.B.Herparents.C.Herfriends.16.WhatdoesthemanthinkofKim?A.Meanandtalkative.B.Generousandpopular.C.Sociableandhumorous.17.Whydoesthewomansayit’sworthlisteningtoKim’sproblems?A.Kimoftenputsupadsforher.B.Kimworksinatravelagency.C.ShecangetbenefitfromKim.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Hisactingroles.B.Hissparehobbies.C.Hispoliticalcareer.19.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutTheNewStatesman?A.Noteveryoneapprovedit.B.Ithasneverstoppedsofar.C.Itwasbasedonatruestory.20.WhyisHenriinAFamilyAffairthespeaker’sfavouritepart?A.Itcontainsseriousmessages.B.Itisdirectedbyhisgoodfriend.C.Henri’scharacterissimilartohis.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFIFATicketingCentresTheLast-MinuteoverthecountersalesinDoha,Qatarstartson18October2022attheFIFAMainTicketingCentre(MTC),andfrom30OctoberattheTicketingCentre(TCX).Bothticketingcentreswillbeopenuntilthefinalmatchdayofthecompetitionon18December2022.TheexactlocationoftheFIFAMainTicketingCentre(DohaExhibition&.ConventionCenter—DECC)canbefoundhereandtheexactlocationoftheTicketingCentre(AliBinHamadAlAttiyahArena)canbefoundhere.PleasefindbelowtheopeninghoursoftheFIFAMainTicketingCentre;Dates/Openinghours(Dohatime)18.10.2022-17.12.2022/Sat-Thu:10:00-22:00;Fri:14:00-22:0018.12.2022/10:00-18:00PleasefindbelowtheopeninghoursoftheTicketingCentre:Dates/Openinghours(Dohatime)30.10.2022-17.12.2022/Sat-Thu:10:00-22:00;Fri:14:00-22:0018.12.2022/10:00-18:00Inadditiontoticketsales,youmayvisittheFIFAMainTicketingCentreandTicketingCentreforcustomerserviceenquiriesandmobileticketsupports.PleasenotethatitisnotpossibletopurchaseticketsintheTicketingServicePoint(TSP)locatedinHamadInternationalAirportasthisfacilityisdedicatedforcustomersarrivinginQatarandneedinginformationaboutticketingorsupportonhowtodownloadtheFIFATicketingApplicationandtheirrespectivetickets.AllticketspurchasedoverthecounterattheFIFAMainTicketingCentreasof18OctoberorattheTicketingCentrefrom30OctoberduringtheLast-Minutesalesphasewillbedeliveredaspapertickets,in-persondirectlyaftercompletingtheticketapplicationprocessandpayingfortickets.Pleasetreatyourticketswithcareandkeepthemsafeatalltimesasduplicate(復制)ticketswillnotbeissued.1.WhendoesFIFAWorldCupQatar2022end?A.On18October2022. B.On30October2022.C.On18December2022. D.On30December2022.2.Whichplaceshouldyouavoidwhenbuyingtickets?A.MTC. B.TSP. C.TCX. D.DECC.3.HowcanyougettheLast-Minuteticketsboughtoverthecounter?A.Bymail. B.Bycontactingagents.C.Bydownloadingdigitaltickets. D.Bypickingupinperson.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【導語】本文是應用文，介紹了卡塔爾足球世界杯門票的購買信息?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Bothticketingcentreswillbeopenuntilthefinalmatchdayofthecompetitionon18December2022.(這兩個票務中心將開放至2022年12月18日比賽的最后比賽日。)”可知，比賽的最后一天是2022年12月18日，即卡塔爾足球世界杯于當日結束。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“PleasenotethatitisnotpossibletopurchaseticketsintheTicketingServicePoint(TSP)locatedinHamadInternationalAirportasthisfacilityisdedicatedforcustomersarrivinginQatarandneedinginformationaboutticketingorsupportonhowtodownloadtheFIFATicketingApplicationandtheirrespectivetickets.(請注意，無法在位于哈馬德國際機場的票務服務點（TSP）購買門票，因為該設施專門為抵達卡塔爾并需要有關票務信息或如何下載國際足聯(lián)票務應用程序和各自門票的支持的客戶提供服務。)”可知，在TicketingServicePoint(TSP)無法購票，此處只提供票務信息，你應該避開這個地方。故選B。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“AllticketspurchasedoverthecounterattheFIFAMainTicketingCentreasof18OctoberorattheTicketingCentrefrom30OctoberduringtheLast-Minutesalesphasewillbedeliveredaspapertickets,in-persondirectlyaftercompletingtheticketapplicationprocessandpayingfortickets.(從10月18日起在國際足聯(lián)主票務中心柜臺購買的所有門票，或10月30日起在最后一分鐘銷售階段在票務中心購買的所有門票，都將以紙質門票的形式交付，在完成門票申請流程并付款后直接親自交付。)”可知，柜臺購買的票只有紙質的，且必須本人親自領取。故選D。BComingofageisthattimeineachofourliveswhenwebegintoseethepossibilities.Theworldopensupinwaysthatmatureourvisionandgiveusasenseofresponsibilityandgratefulness.Connorhadjuststartedcollegeandlovedbeingatthatstageinhislifewherehecouldeatallthepizzahewanted,yetengageinadultconversationswithhisparentsabouttheresponsibilitytomakelifebetterforothers.Connor’soptimismwasinfectious.Therewassomuchhecoulddo,andsomuchhecouldbecome.ButitallendedonenightwhenConnorwasdistractedwhiledrivingonaColoradohighway.Ayoungman,whogaveoffsomuchlight,suddenlywentdark.Connor’sfather,David,tookitparticularlyhard.Afatherseesmorethanhisowntraits(性格)inhisson;heseesgreaterpossibilitiesthanheachieved.TakingthathopeawayleftDavidfeelingataloss.ButConnor‘soptimismwasoneofthosetraitspassedontohimbyhisfather.So,Davidgottowork.First,heestablishedtheHonorConnorScholarshipFundtorewardstudentswhoservedinthecommunity,Next,hewenttoworkcreatingaresearch-basedcurriculumthateducatesUniversityofColoradoBoulderstudentsandtheirfamiliesaboutthedangersoftextingwhiledriving.Itincludesaverysimplethreepartpromise:Donottextorusesocialmediawhiledriving,speakoutifridingwithadriverwhoisdistractedandencouragefriendsandfamilytodrivephone-free.Davidnowworkswithlecturersatvariouscolleges’andhighschools,ensuringyoungmindsunderstandhowstatisticallyatrisktheyarewhentheytextwhiledriving.He’sbecomeapassionateadvocateforpreparingyoungpeopletodrivesafelyandnotreachfortheirphoneswhilethey’reatthewheel.“Ijustdon’twantotherparentstogothroughwhatIdidwhenIlostConnor,”saysDavid.“It’sjustsopreventable.”4.What’sthepurposeofparagraph1?A.Togivethebackgroundofafunnystory.B.ToexplainwhyDavidchosetovolunteer.C.TosetoffDavid’sgreatpainoflosinghisson.D.TosinghighpraiseforConnor’shealthygrowth.5.WhathappenedtoConnoronaColoradohighway?A.Theheadlightofhiscarwentwrong.B.Hedrovecarelesslyanddiedinanaccident.C.Hesufferedanaccidentforhisfather’sfault.D.Hediedfromanotherdriver’scarelessdriving.6.FromwhomdidConnorgetthepositiveattitudetowardslife?A.Hiscoach. B.Hisgrandfather. C.Histeacher. D.Hisfather.7.WhydidDavidworkwithlecturersunderaresearch-basedcurriculum?A.Hewantedtotakeajobinacollege.B.HetooktheclassesthatConnorhadn’tfinished.C.Hewantedtopreventsimilarsadstoriesrepeating.D.HehonoredConnorforwhathehaddoneinthecommunity.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。Connor在一次交通事故中失去了生命，Connor的父親David化悲痛為力量，為大學設立獎學金并宣傳安全駕駛知識?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Connorhadjuststartedcollegeandlovedbeingatthatstageinhislifewherehecouldeatallthepizzahewanted,getengagedinadultconversationswithhisparentsabouttheresponsibilitytomakelifebetterforothers.(康納剛剛上大學，他喜歡在人生的那個階段，在那里他可以吃到他想要的所有披薩，與父母進行成年人之間的對話，探討讓他人生活更美好的責任。)”以及下文中描述的具體的生活中的美好事情可知，主要講述了Connor的成長和美好前程，結合第二段“ButitallendedonenightwhenConnorwasdistractedwhiledrivingonaColoradohigh-way.Ayoungman,whogaveoffsomuchlight,suddenlywentdark.(但這一切都結束了，有一天晚上，康納在科羅拉多州的高速公路上開車時分心了。一個散發(fā)出如此光芒的年輕人，突然隕落。)”可知，Connor在一次事故中喪生，由此可知，第一段的目的是襯托David失去兒子后的痛苦。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ButitallendedonenightwhenConnorwasdistractedwhiledrivingonaColoradohigh-way.Ayoungman,whogaveoffsomuchlight,suddenlywentdark.(但這一切都結束了，有一天晚上，康納在科羅拉多州的高速公路上開車時分心了。一個散發(fā)出如此光芒的年輕人，突然隕落。)”可知，Connor開車時分心了，在交通事故中失去了生命。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“ButConnor’soptimismwasoneofthosetraitspassedontohimbyhisfather.(但康納的樂觀是他父親傳給他的特質之一。)”可知，Connor的樂觀是遺傳他的父親David。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Next,hewenttoworkcreatingaresearch-basedcurriculumthateducatesUniversityofColoradoBoulderstudentsandtheirfamiliesaboutthedangersoftextingwhiledriving.(接下來，他開始創(chuàng)建一個基于研究的課程，教育科羅拉多大學博爾德分校的學生及其家人開車時發(fā)短信的危險。)”可知，課程內(nèi)容就是宣傳駕駛時發(fā)短信的危險；再根據(jù)最后一段中的““Ijustdon’twantotherparentstogothroughwhatIdidwhenIlostConnor,”saysDavid.“It’sjustsopreventable.”(“我只是不想讓其他父母經(jīng)歷我失去康納時所做的事情，”大衛(wèi)說?！斑@完全可以避免?！?”可知，他的目的是想防止類似的悲傷故事重演。故選C項。CDoctorsandnutritionistshavebeentellingthatoneshouldnoteatrightbeforegoingtobed.However,oneshouldalsonoteatlateatnight,accordingtoarecentstudy.Ithasbeensaidthatwhenweeatlateatnight,we’regoingagainstourbody’srhythm.AccordingtotheresearchersfromBrighamandWomen’sHospital,eatinglateatnightincreasestheriskofobesityandweightgain.Theanalysisofthestudyrevealedthatthetimewhenapersoneatstheirlastmealimpactsthecaloriesburned,appetiteandhowthebodystoresfat.Toconducttheirstudy,atotalof16participantswiththebodymassindex(BMI)thatisoftheobeserangeorconsideredoverweightwerestudied.Everyonewasgiventhesamemealsandtheyweredividedintotwogroups:Thefirstgroupwasrequiredtoeattheirmealsearlyinthedayandtheotherwitheachmeal250minuteslate.Theteamofresearchersfoundthateatinglatehadasignificantimpactontheregulationofhungerhormones.Thelevelofleptin(瘦蛋白)inhibitsthehumanappetite.Itwasreducedacrosstheperiodof24hoursduetolateeating.Itwasobservedthateatinglatedoubledthechanceofbeinghungry.Whenparticipantsatelater,theyburnedcaloriesatamuchslowerrate.InapressreleasethefirstauthorNinaVujovicsaid,“Inthisstudy,weaskedasimplequestion,‘Doesthetimethatweeatmatterwheneverythingelseiskeptconsistent?’andwefoundthateatingfourhourslatermakesamajordifferencetothehungerlevels,thewaycaloriesburnafterweeat,andthewayourbodystoresfat.”Thisstudyaddstoagrowingbodyofevidenceshowingjusthowimportantmealtimingcanbewhenitcomestobodyweight.Basedonwhatthisandotherstudieshaveshown,peoplewhoarewatchingtheirweightmaywanttogetridofthelatenightsnacksandeatmostoftheirmealsearlierintheday.8.What’sthedifferencebetweenthetwogroupsinparagraph3?A.Thevarietyofthediet. B.Thefatcontentintheirmeals.C.Thecaloriesintheirmeals. D.Theireatingschedules.9.Whatcanwedotobeatobesityaccordingtothestudy?A.Avoideatinglateatnight.B.Keepamoderatesenseofhunger.C.Abandonconsumingfoodlowinfat.D.Makesuretohavesupperatasettime.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraph4referto?A.Thehumanappetite. B.Theleptinlevel.C.Thebodymassindex. D.Thechanceofbeinghungry.11.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Ahealthmagazine. B.Abiologytextbook.C.Atravelbrochure. D.Abiography.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項最新的科學研究，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)晚上太晚吃飯可能會導致體重增加?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三中段中“Thefirstgroupwasrequiredtoeattheirmealsearlyinthedayandtheotherwitheachmeal250minuteslate(第一組按照要求白天早吃飯，另一組每頓飯晚吃250分鐘)”可知，這兩組實驗對象的不同之處在于他們的吃飯時間不同，故選D項。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“AccordingtotheresearchersfromBrighamandWomen’sHospital,eatinglateatnightincreasestheriskofobesityandweightgain.(根據(jù)布列根和婦女醫(yī)院的研究，晚上進食晚會增加肥胖和增重的風險)”可知，想要不發(fā)胖應該避免晚上太晚吃飯，故選A項?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第四段第三句“Thelevelofleptin(瘦蛋白)inhibitsthehumanappetite.Itwasreducedacrosstheperiodof24hoursduetolateeating.(瘦蛋白的水平會抑制人的食欲。由于進食晚，它的水平在24小時區(qū)間內(nèi)降低了)”和指代關系可推知，畫線詞指代的是上文中“Thelevelofleptin(瘦蛋白)”，故選B項。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，結合第一段最后一句“Ithasbeensaidthatwhenweeatlateatnight,we’regoingagainstourbody’srhythm.(據(jù)說當我們晚上晚就餐的時候，我們就違背了身體的節(jié)奏)”以及最后一段第一句“Thisstudyaddstoagrowingbodyofevidenceshowingjusthowimportantmealtimingcanbewhenitcomestobodyweight.(這項研究提出了大量的依據(jù)：涉及到體重的時候，時間規(guī)劃非常重要)”可知，本文是一篇和身體科學有關的科學研究，最有可能來自健康雜志，故選A項。DEachyear,asmanyasonebillionbirdsarekilledintheUSfromcollisions(相撞)withglasswindowsandbuildingseveryyear.BirdsthatcrashedintoPhiladelphiabuildingsbegantobecollectedinthe1890s.Nearly100speciesofbirdsareknowntohavediedoutfromcrasheswithbuildingsandotherstructuresinPhiladelphia.Manyotherspeciesareprobablyaffectedinthecity.CalledLightsOutPhilly,thevoluntaryprograminPhiladelphiaencouragesbuildingstoturnoutordimunnecessaryexternalandinternallightsbetweenmidnightandsixo’clockearlyinthemorningtoprotectbirdsastheypassthroughduringmigrationseasons.BirdmigrationseasonsarefromAprilltoMay31inspringandfromAugust15toNovember15infall.Eachyear,millionsofbirdspassthroughPhiladelphiaalongamigrationrouteknownastheAtlanticFlyway.Bird-glasscrashesareverycommonformigratingbirds,mostofwhichtravelatnight.Glassisdifficultforthemtorecognizeashardsurfaces,andartificiallightcanfoolthemintocrashingwithbuildingsandoutdoorstructures.Turningofflightsbetweenmidnightandsunrisehelpsminimizetheeffectofartificiallightwhenmostbirdsaremigrating.OnOct.2,2020,astormyandfoggyday,Philadelphiahaditslargestmasscollisioneventinmorethan70yearswithanestimated1,000birdscrashingwithbuildingsinone3.5-squareblockareainjustoneday.Pairedwithaterriblestormofweatherandfogconditions,thebrightcityandbuildinglightsattractedandconfusedthemigratingbirds,causingthemtocrashwithbuildingsandoutdoorstructures.Evenifyoudon’tplayapartinmanagingthelightsofabigbuilding,youcanhelpbirdsavoidcrashesbymakingtheglassopaquetoreducetheamountandintensityofartificiallightatnight,changingthecoloroflightingtoblueorgreen,shorteningthedurationlightsareon,directingthelightingdownwardorscreeninglighting.12.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.TherichbiologicaldiversityinPhiladelphia.B.GreateffortstoprotectmigratingbirdsinPhiladelphia.C.ThepresentandthepastofthebirdconservationinAmerica.D.Theseriousconsequenceofbird-glasscrashesinPhiladelphia.13.WhataddedthedangertothemigratingbirdsonOct.2,2020?A.Badweatherconditions. B.Travelingintheday.C.Themistakenroute. D.Toomanybuildings.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“opaque”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Light-reflecting. B.Delicate. C.Lightproof. D.Clean.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ItIsDifficulttoSavetheMigratingBirdsB.PhiladelphiaTurnsoutLightstoSaveMigratingBirdsC.ExternalandInternalLightsAffecttheBirdMigrationD.LightsOutPhillyProgramHelpsSaveEndangeredBirds【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了為了避免鳥類在遷徙季節(jié)和玻璃相碰撞導致死亡，費城開展了志愿項目，鼓勵建筑在午夜至清晨六點之間關閉或調暗不必要的外部和內(nèi)部燈光?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段關鍵句“Eachyear,asmanyasonebillionbirdsarekilledintheUSfromcollisions(相撞)withglasswindowsandbuildingseveryyear.”（每年，美國有多達10億只鳥類因與玻璃窗和建筑物相撞而死亡。）和“Nearly100speciesofbirdsareknowntohavediedoutfromcrasheswithbuildingsandotherstructuresinPhiladelphia.”（據(jù)了解，費城有近100種鳥類因與樓房和其他建筑物相撞而滅絕。）可知，文章第一段告訴我們鳥類因與玻璃窗和建筑物相撞而導致死亡，費城有近100種鳥類因與樓房和其他建筑物相撞而滅絕，由此可知，第一段主要講的是費城鳥類和玻璃相碰撞產(chǎn)生的嚴重后果。故選D項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段關鍵句“Pairedwithaterriblestormofweatherandfogconditions,thebrightcityandbuildinglightsattractedandconfusedthemigratingbirds,causingthemtocrashwithbuildingsandoutdoorstructures.”（再加上可怕風暴天氣和大霧天氣，明亮的城市和建筑燈光吸引并迷惑了遷徙的鳥類，導致它們與建筑物和室外結構相撞。）可知，可怕的風暴天氣和大霧天氣增加了遷徙的鳥類與建筑物和室外結構相撞的機率，由此可知，2020年10月2日，惡劣的天氣條件增加了遷徙的鳥類的危險。故選A項?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線單詞句中“toreducetheamountandintensityofartificiallightatnight”（減少夜間人造光的數(shù)量和強度）可知，上文的方法是為了減少夜間人造光的數(shù)量和強度，由此可知，我們是通過使玻璃不透光來減少夜間人造光的數(shù)量和強度，“Lightproof”意為“不透光的”，能夠表達畫線單詞在句中所要表達的意思。故選C項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結合第二段內(nèi)容“CalledLightsOutPhilly,thevoluntaryprograminPhiladelphiaencouragesbuildingstoturnoutordimunnecessaryexternalandinternallightsbetweenmidnightandsixo’clockearlyinthemorningtoprotectbirdsastheypassthroughduringmigrationseasons.”（費城的這項名為“關燈費城”的志愿項目鼓勵建筑在午夜至清晨六點之間關閉或調暗不必要的外部和內(nèi)部燈光，以保護鳥類在遷徙季節(jié)通過。）可知，本文主要介紹了為了避免鳥類在遷徙季節(jié)和玻璃相碰撞導致死亡，費城開展了志愿項目，鼓勵建筑在午夜至清晨六點之間關閉或調暗不必要的外部和內(nèi)部燈光，“PhiladelphiaTurnsoutLightstoSaveMigratingBirds”意為“費城關燈拯救遷徙的鳥類”，選項能夠概括文章主要內(nèi)容。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheHealthBenefitsofMusicMusiccanhaveabigimpactonyourmentalhealth.____16____Butitcanactuallydomorethanjustchangeyourstateofmind—musichasanimpactonyouphysically,too.Herearejustafewofthetransformativeeffectsofmusiconyourhealth!Itimprovesthecardiovascular(心血管的)health.Goodmusicmayjusthelpyourhearttobehealthier.____17____Onestudyfoundthatmusicreducedthelevelsofthestresshormonecortisolinpeople’ssystems,andreducedbloodpressure.____18____Ifyou’relookingtotakeyourexerciseperformancetothenextlevelyoumaywanttoconsiderdoingitwiththehelpofmusic.Studieshavefoundlisteningtomusicasyouexerciseimprovesendurance,productivity,power,andstrength.Ifyou’veeverwonderedwhyprofessionalathletesdon’tlistentomusicduringarace,it’sbecausetheyaren’tallowedto—forthisveryreason!Itboostsyourimmunesystem.Withcoldandfluseasononthehorizon,youmaywanttomakesureyou’vegotallyourfavoritesongsdownloaded.____19____Ithelpsyousleepbetter.____20____Astudyshowedthatstudentswholistenedtorelaxingclassicalmusicfor45minutesbeforeturninginsleptsignificantlybetterthanbefore.Ifyou’rehavingtroublesleeping,trylisteningtoalittlesoftmusicbeforebedtime.It’ssafetosaythenexttimeyouneedalittlepick-me-up,turningonyourfavoritetuneisthesmartestoption—andthehealthiest,too!A.Itenhancesyourperformance.B.Itmighthelpimproveyourcreativity.C.Over30%ofAmericanssufferfrompoorsleep.D.Therehasbeenalinkfoundbetweenhearthealthandclassicalmusic.E.Itcanmakeyourelaxed,increaseyourfocusandhelpyoudealwithstress.F.Somestudieshavefoundthatmusiccanchangehowpeoplelookattheirlives.G.Studieshavefoundthatlisteningtomusichelpstopreventinfectionandillness.【答案】16.E17.D18.A19.G20.C【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了聽音樂對身體的幾種好處。【16題詳解】空前說“Musiccanhaveabigimpactonyourmentalhealth.(音樂對你的心理健康有很大的影響。)”，空格處應承接上文，具體說明音樂對心理健康的好處，E選項“Itcanmakeyourelaxed,increaseyourfocusandhelpyoudealwithstress.(它可以讓你放松，提高你的注意力，幫助你應對壓力。)”說明了音樂對心理健康的具體的影響，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選E。【17題詳解】空前說“Itimprovesthecardiovascular(心血管的)health.Goodmusicmayjusthelpyourhearttobehealthier.(它改善心血管健康。好的音樂可以讓你的心臟更健康。)”，空格處應該具體說到音樂和心臟健康之間的關系，D選項“Therehasbeenalinkfoundbetweenhearthealthandclassicalmusic.(人們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)心臟健康和古典音樂之間存在聯(lián)系。)”說明了心臟健康和音樂之間有關系，因此D選項承接上文，符合語境，故選D?！?8題詳解】空格處是本段主題句，由空后“Ifyou’relookingtotakeyourexerciseperformancetothenextlevelyoumaywanttoconsiderdoingitwiththehelpofmusic.Studieshavefoundlisteningtomusicasyouexerciseimprovesendurance,productivity,power,andstrength.(如果你想把你的運動表現(xiàn)提升到一個新的水平，你可能會考慮在音樂的幫助下鍛煉。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，鍛煉時聽音樂可以提高耐力、效率、力量和力量。)”可知，本段主要講的是音樂可以提高運動表現(xiàn)，A選項“Itenhancesyourperformance.(它能提高你的表現(xiàn)。)”說明了音樂可以提高表現(xiàn)，因此概括了本段內(nèi)容，可作為主題句，故選A?！?9題詳解】空前說“Itboostsyourimmunesystem.Withcoldandfluseasononthehorizon,youmaywanttomakesureyou’vegotallyourfavoritesongsdownloaded.(它能增強你的免疫系統(tǒng)。隨著感冒和流感季節(jié)的來臨，你可能想要確保你已經(jīng)下載了所有你喜歡的歌曲。)”，空格處應說明音樂可以幫助預防疾病，G選項“Studieshavefoundthatlisteningtomusichelpstopreventinfectionandillness.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，聽音樂有助于預防感染和疾病。)”說明了音樂可以幫助預防疾病，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選G?！?0題詳解】空前說“Ithelpsyousleepbetter.(它能幫助你睡得更好。)”，空后說“Astudyshowedthatstudentswholistenedtorelaxingclassicalmusicfor45minutesbeforeturninginsleptsignificantlybetterthanbefore.Ifyou’rehavingtroublesleeping,trylisteningtoalittlesoftmusicbeforebedtime.(一項研究表明，在睡覺前聽45分鐘放松的古典音樂，學生的睡眠質量明顯比以前好。如果你有睡眠障礙，試著在睡前聽一些輕柔的音樂。)”，由此可知，空格處應該說到睡眠的相關內(nèi)容，C選項“Over30%ofAmericanssufferfrompoorsleep.(超過30%的美國人睡眠不好。)”說明的是人們的睡眠問題，說明音樂是重要的，因此C選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選C。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Mymother,DonzellaWashington,80,graduatedfromAlabamaA&.MUniversityonDec.6withabachelor’sdegreeinsocialwork.Alongwithher____21____achievements,shemadehistoryastheoldest____22____inthehistoryofAlabamaA&.MUniversity.MyparentshadbeenlivingonafarminCalifornia.Mymothersaidthather____23____behindgoingbacktoschoolwasmyfather,Jeff,whowasherbiggest____24____.Hesupportedeverythingshedid,____25____returningtoschool.Althoughmyfatherdidnothaveatraditionalcollegeeducation,heknewthe____26____ofgainingone.Mymotherwantedtofinishher____27____inhishonor.However,myfather____28____in2010,andmymother____29____toAlabamatolivewithmetwoyearslater.Themostchallengingpartwas_____30_____herwhenshewasmissingmyfatherbadly.Thosemomentswhenshecried,allIcoulddowasholdherandloveher.Ihadseenmymother_____31_____fromgreatsadnessovermyfather’sdeathandstruggletoachievehereducationdream.AndIwasvery_____32_____tobetheretowitnessherfinalsuccess.Now,mymothersayssheisnotslowingdownsosoon.She’seven_____33_____goingbacktoschooltoobtainhermaster’sdegree.She_____34_____toinspireandmotivateothersthat_____35_____isnotabarrier.Whenitcomestopursuingyourdreams,it’snevertoolatetoachievethem.21.A.academic B.political C.musical D.scientific22.A.servant B.librarian C.professor D.graduate23.A.possibility B.motivation C.excuse D.pressure24.A.educator B.examiner C.instructor D.supporter25.A.especially B.similarly C.generally D.usually26.A.purpose B.chance C.value D.difficulty27.A.degree B.task C.housework D.speech28.A.showedup B.passedaway C.setoff D.fellill29.A.hurried B.rushed C.returned D.moved30.A.commenting B.ignoring C.comforting D.reminding31.A.learn B.recover C.escape D.keep32.A.proud B.patient C.brave D.curious33.A.enjoying B.considering C.regretting D.imagining34.A.fails B.hesitates C.expects D.chooses35.A.knowledge B.wealth C.health D.age【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.D25.A26.C27.A28.B29.D30.C31.B32.A33.B34.C35.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了，80歲的DonzellaWashington從阿拉巴馬農(nóng)工大學畢業(yè)，獲得了社會工作學士學位。除了學術成就，她還創(chuàng)造了歷史——成為阿拉巴馬農(nóng)工大學歷史上年齡最大的畢業(yè)生?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著她的學術成就，她成為阿拉巴馬農(nóng)工大學歷史上最年長的畢業(yè)生。A.academic學術的；B.political政治的；C.musical音樂的；D.scientific科學的。由上文的“Mymother,DonzellaWashington,80,graduatedfromAlabamaA&.MUniversityonDec.6withabachelor’sdegreeinsocialwork.(我的母親，80歲的DonzellaWashington，于12月6日從阿拉巴馬農(nóng)工大學畢業(yè)，獲得社會工作學士學位)”可知，作者母親在大學里獲得了學術成就。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著她的學術成就，她成為阿拉巴馬農(nóng)工大學歷史上最年長的畢業(yè)生。A.servant仆人；B.librarian圖書管理員；C.professor教授；D.graduate大學畢業(yè)生。由上文的“Mymother,DonzellaWashington,80,graduatedfromAlabamaA&.MUniversityonDec.6withabachelor’sdegreeinsocialwork.(我的母親，80歲的DonzellaWashington，于12月6日從阿拉巴馬農(nóng)工大學畢業(yè)，獲得社會工作學士學位)”可知，作者母親是阿拉巴馬農(nóng)工大學的畢業(yè)生。故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的母親說，她重返學校的動機是我的父親杰夫，他是她最大的支持者。A.possibility可能性；B.motivation動機；C.excuse借口；D.pressure壓力。由下文的“Mymotherwantedtofinishher____7____inhishonor.(我母親想為他完成她的……)”和“struggletoachievehereducationdream(為實現(xiàn)她的教育夢想而奮斗)”可知，作者母親重返學校是有動機的。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我母親說，她重返學校的動機是我的父親杰夫，他是她最大的支持者。A.educator教育者；B.examiner審查員；C.instructor導師；D.supporter支持者。由下文的“Hesupportedeverythingshedid(他支持她所做的一切)”和“Mymotherwantedtofinishher____7____inhishonor.(我母親想為他完成她的……)”可知，作者父親Jeff，始終是母親最大的支持者。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他支持她所做的一切，尤其是回到學校。A.especially尤其；B.similarly同樣地；C.generally一般地；D.usually通常。用副詞especially強調父親支持母親所做的一切，特別是母親重返校園這件事。故選A項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我父親沒有受過傳統(tǒng)的大學教育，但他知道大學教育的價值。A.purpose目的；B.chance機會；C.value價值；D.difficulty困難。由常識可知，大學教育是有價值的。故選C項。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我母親想為他完成她的學位。A.degree學位；B.task任務；C.housework家務；D.speech演講。由上文語境可知，深知大學教育價值的父親支持母親所做的一切，鼓勵母親重返校園，所以母親想為父親完成她的學位，呼應上文的“Mymother,DonzellaWashington,80,graduatedfromAlabamaA&.MUniversityonDec.6withabachelor’sdegreeinsocialwork.(我的母親，80歲的DonzellaWashington，于12月6日從阿拉巴馬農(nóng)工大學畢業(yè)，獲得社會工作學士學位)”。故選A項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：然而，我的父親在2010年去世，兩年后我的母親搬到阿拉巴馬州與我同住。A.showedup出現(xiàn)；B.passedaway過世；C.setoff出發(fā)；D.fellill生病。由下文的“myfather’sdeath”可知，作者父親去世了。故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我的父親在2010年去世，兩年后我的母親搬到阿拉巴馬州與我同住。A.hurried匆忙；B.rushed迅速移動；C.retuned回去；D.moved搬家。由下文的“toAlabama