英語試題及答案4598

I.ReadingComprehensionPassageOneIfleadership,basicallyspeaking,consistsofgettingthingsdonethroughothers,thenpersuasionisoneoftheleader’sessentialtools.Manyexecutiveshaveassumedthatthistoolisbeyondtheirgrasp,availableonlytothecharismatic(有魅力的)andtheeloquent.Overthepastseveraldecades,though,experimentalpsychologistshavelearnedwhichmethodsreliablyleadpeopletocompromise,dissent,orchange.Theirresearchshowsthatpersuasionisgovernedbyseveralprinciplesthatcanbetaughtandapplied.Thefirstprincipleisthatpeoplearemorelikelytofollowsomeonewhoissimilartothemthansomeonewhoisnot.Wisemanagers,then,enlistpeerstohelpmaketheircases.Second,peoplearemorewillingtocooperatewiththosewhoarelikethemaswellasthosewholikethem.Soit’sworththetimetouncoverrealsimilaritiesandoffergenuinepraise.Third,experimentsconfirmtheintuitivetruththatpeopletendtotreatyouthewayyoutreatthem.It’ssoundpolicytodoafavorbeforeseekingone.Fourth,individualsaremorelikelytokeeppromisestheymakevoluntarilyandexplicitly.Themessageformanagershereistogetcommitmentsinwriting.Fifth,studiesshowthatpeoplereallydohaverespectforexperts.Sobeforetheyattempttoexertinfluence,executives1/14實用精品文檔

shouldtakepainstoestablishtheirownexpertiseandnotassumethatit’sself-evident.Finally,peoplewantmoreofacommoditywhenit’sscarce;itfollows,then,thatexclusiveinformationismorepersuasivethanwidelyavailabledata.1.Manyexecutivesthinkthat________.A)theydon’thavetoacquiretheskillsofpersuasionB)theyhavemasteredtheskillsofpersuasionC)itisimpossibleforthemtohandlepersuasionD)persuasionisofnouse2.Thepsychologists’researchshowsthat________.A)persuasionisbeyondaveragepeople’sgraspB)persuasioncanbelearnedC)peopletendtoignoretheimportanceofpersuasionD)peoplearebornwiththeabilitytopersuade3.Accordingtothepassage,peoplearelesswillingtoworktogetherwith________.A)thosewhoaredifferentfromthemB)theirrelativesandfriendsC)thosewholikethemD)theirclassmatesandteachers4.Theauthorwarnsthemanager________.A)tohaveanypromisemadebyotherswrittendown2/14實用精品文檔

B)nottobreaktheirpromisesC)tomakepromisesexplicitlyandwillinglyD)tohelppeoplekeeptheirpromises5.Theexecutivescanstrengthentheirposition________.A)eveniftheydon’thaveanyexpertiseB)iftheyknowsomethingunknowntotheirsubordinatesC)iftheyhavemorecommoditiesD)eveniftheydon’tknowhowtopersuadePassageTwoTradesecretescovereverythingthatpatentscover,andmuchmore.Atradesecretisknowledge,whichmayincludebusinessknowledgeortechnicalknowledge,thatiskeptsecretforthepurposeofgaininganadvantageinbusinessoverone’scompetitors.Customerlists,sourcesofsupplyofscarcematerial,orsourcesofsupplywithfasterdeliveryorlowerpricesmaybetradesecrets.Certainly,secretprocesses,formulas,techniques,manufacturingknow-how,advertisingschemes,marketingprograms,andbusinessplansareallprotectable.Thereisnostandardofinventiontomeetasthereiswithapatent.Iftheideaisnewinthiscontext,ifitissecretwithrespecttothisparticularindustryorproduct,thenitcanbeprotectedasatradesecret.Unlikepatents,trademarks,andcopyrights,thereisnoformalprocedureforobtainingtradesecretprotection.Protectionisestablishedbythenature3/14實用精品文檔

ofthesecretandtheefforttokeepitsecret.Atradesecretisprotectedeternallyagainstdisclosurebyallthosewhohavereceiveditinconfidenceandallwhowouldobtainitbytheftforaslongastheknowledgeorinformationiskeptsecret.Incontrasttopatentprotection,therearenostatutory(法定的)requirementfsornoveltyorrestrictionsonthesubjectmatter.Thedisadvantageoftradesecretscomparedwithpatentsisthatthereisnoprotectionagainstdiscoverybyfairmeans,suchasaccidentaldisclosureandindependentinventions.Manyimportantinventions,suchasthelaserandtheairplane,weredevelopedmoreorlesssimultaneouslybydifferentpersons.Tradesecretprotectionwouldnotpermitthefirstinventortopreventthesecondandsubsequentinventorsfromexploitingtheinventionasapatentwould.6.Comparedwithpatents,tradesecrets________.A)areeasiertoprotectofinventionB)shouldmeetcertainstandardC)needstatutorysupport7.________isatradesecret.A)MinMcDonaldD)coveralargerscopeB)AnemploymentcontractD)FormulaC)AManualofVolkswagon8.Theprotectionof________becomeseffectivewithoutanyformalprocedure.4/14實用精品文檔

A)tradesecretsB)patentsC)copyrightsD)trademarks9.Atradesecretdoesn’thavetobesomething________.A)novelB)uniqueC)complicatedD)useful10.Unlikepatents,________.A)tradesecretscanbeobtainedbyothersillegallyII.VocabularyandStructure11.Evennow,WorldHealthOrganization(WHO)specialistsarenotcompletelysurethatthecoronavirus(冠狀病毒),whichtheyhaveidentifiedinpatients,isthesolecause,andtherearemany_____featuresaboutthemethodoftransmission.A)intriguingD)aggressive12.InthesummerJimandIhavebreakfastoutonthe_____.A)avenueB)cabinC)openD)patioB)shinyC)puzzling13.Thetroopswereina(n)_____position,completelyexposedtoattackfromtheair.A)remarkableB)graveC)vulnerableD)indispensable14.Hecamebacktothetentverylateand_____inassilentlyashecould.A)creptB)skiedC)flutteredD)wandered15.Allthepathsacrossthepark_____atthemaingate.5/14實用精品文檔

A)converge16.Itissurprisingsuchacriminalshould_____agreatscholar.A)passforB)regardasC)singleoutD)boastasB)transformC)departD)diverge17.Thisnationhasdefeatedtyrants,_____deathcampsandraisedthislampoflibertytoeverycaptiveland.A)overseenB)enforcedC)liberatedD)unsung18.Be_____.Ourcountryisstrong.Andourcauseisevenlargerthanourcountry.Oursisthecauseofhumandignity:freedomguidedbyconscience,andguardedbypeace.A)diligentB)preparedC)capableD)confident19.Thatstoryhastoomanygapsinitto_____.A)makesenseB)makeitC)makelikeD)makeover20.TheBushadministrationsaysthetaxcutswillgivetheU.S.economyandtheworldeconomyabadlyneededboostandthefastergrowthwillhelplowerU.S._____deficitsinthecomingyears.A)tariffB)statisticsC)budgetD)existence21.ThedevelopmentandresearchofTMD(ThreatMissileDefenceSystem)doesnot_____thetrendofthetimes.A)resultin22.Insurancecompaniesblamerisingmedicalbillsforhigh_____costs.A)policyB)painfulC)householdD)guaranteeB)gowithC)standupD)headfor23.AdherencetotheprincipleofoneChinaisthebasisand_____for6/14實用精品文檔

peacefulreunification.A)premiseB)settlementC)commitmentD)arrangement24.J.PMorganCanadasaidthespreadoftheSARSviruscouldslashupto1.5_____pointsoffApril-JunegrowthinCanada.A)percentageB)undergrowthC)commitmentD)recovery25.RecentlyIwasvisitedbyaverygoodfriendwhohadjustreturnedfromalongwalkinthewoods,andIaskedherwhatshehadobserved.“Nothing_____,”shereplied.A)asaresultB)inparticularC)onbalanceD)atthatpoint26.You’vegotsomethinginyoureye–try_____youreyesafewtimes.A)orbitingB)blinkingC)sprayingD)diverging27.Hispersistentmoaningabouthispersonalproblemshasbeenreally_____melately.A)buggingB)enforcingC)transformingD)compelling28.Thefactoryworkersallstarworkingat8:00a.m.and_____at3:00p.m.A)headforB)takeoffC)closeinD)knockoff29.TheU.S.HouseofRepresentativespassedabillthismonthmakingonlinegamblingafederalcrime.Criticsoftheindustrysaythe7/14實用精品文檔

crackdownis_____.A)onasmallscaleB)atriskC)onthelatchD)longoverdue30.Theparentssaidtheywouldonnoaccount_____intheironlychildthesmallestdegreeofarrogance.A)authorizeIII.ClozeB)convergeC)recommendD)adopt(10%)Theexpression“l(fā)ameduck”,canbeheardinalmostanyAmericantownorcity,especiallywherepeoplediscusspolitics.Mostoften,theyuseitto_31_apoliticianwhohascometotheendofhispower–aCongressman,forexample,whohasafewmoreweeksinofficeandwill_32_beoutofajob.Thereareanumberofideas_33_where“l(fā)ameduck”camefrom,_34_thepictureisclearenough–aduckthathasitswingsclipped,oritsweb-feetinjured,andcan_35_walkorwaddlelikeahealthyone.ThetermseemstohavecreptintotheAmericanlanguagesometimeafterthe_36_warof1861-1865.Oneexplanationisthatitcamefromthelanguageofhunterswhofeltthatitwasfoolishto_37_powderortimeonadeadduck.Andalameduck–evenasittingduck–iscloseto_38_adeadduck.Anotherexplanation,however,saysthattheexpressioncame_39_England.Thereitwasusedtodescribeamanwholostallhis_40_instocks,wascleanedoutandcouldnotpayhisdebts.Hecouldno8/14實用精品文檔nothing_41_waddleofflikealameduck.And–sothestorygoes–peopleshowed_42_mercyforthepoorfellow.ButintheUnitedStatespeopletookthephrasetodescribeacongressmanwho_43_togetreelectedbutstillhadalittletimeleftinofficeuntilhissuccessorwasswornin.Intime,theexpressionwasusedinabroader_44_,generallydescribinganyman_45_daysofpowerwerecomingtoanend.IthasoftenbeenusedtodescribethepositionofanAmericanpresidentinthelasttwoyearsorsoofhissecond_46_.Itisadifficulttimeforhim,whenCongressisreadyto_47_himateveryturn.ItmayrefusetoworkwithhimsimplybecausehisdaysintheWhiteHousearenumbered._48_sunissetting.Itisnotahappytime.Itislikeoldagecomingon.Andpeople,likeanimals,arecrueltolameducks,readyto_49_themout.Theireyesarealreadyturnedtowardthenewleader,thenewmanin_50_.31.A)promote32.A)thenB)judgeB)alsoC)rewardD)describeC)thusD)alreadyD)astoD)once33.A)onto34.A)forB)aboveB)sinceC)toC)althoughC)ofcourseC)civil35.A)usually36.A)national37.A)saveB)nolongerB)wordD)stillD)countryD)consumeB)wasteC)utilize9/14實用精品文檔38.A)beB)pretendingB)outofC)beingC)acrossD)tamingD)from39.A)to40.A)money41.A)else42.A)much43.A)used44.A)sense45.A)when46.A)term47.A)identify48.A)HisB)salaryC)treasureD)propertyC)butD)exceptB)andB)littleB)failedB)zonesB)ofwhichB)timeC)theirD)someC)attemptedC)rangeD)wasaskedD)respectC)ofhowD)whoseC)substituteC)preferC)ItsD)stageD)opposeD)TheB)lodgeB)Their49.A)hold50.A)useB)hintC)driveC)prejudiceD)findB)commandD)preferenceI.ReadingComprehension1-10CBAABII.VocabularyandStructure11-30DDAAACDCAAACDACBAAABBADDAIII.Cloze31-50DADCBCBCDACBBADADACBSeetheWorld10/14實用精品文檔

Itisquitevitalforuniversitystudentstoseethesociety.Havingstayedintheivorytowerforovertenyearstolearnalotoftheoreticalknowledgefromtextbooks,thestudentsstillfeelbewilderedassoonastheystepoutofthecampus.Itistimetheygottoknowtheworldoutsidethecampusrightnow.fortunately,thesocietyhasofferedthemvariousopportunitiestopracticewhattheyhavelearnedinschool.Theycanlearntocooperatewithothersandtocontributetheirknowledgetothesociety.Oneofmyfriendsoncemanagedtofindapart-timejoboftutoringagirlof8.Throughthisexperience,hehaslearnedhowtodealwithpeopleandhowtodedicatehislovetopeoplewhoareinneedofit.Consequently,hecanalwaysbereadywhenconfrontedwithachancetoknowtheworldforhehasreallybenefitedalotfromit.ExaminationManyargumentsexistabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofanexam.Somestudentscomplainthattheirteachershavegiventhemtoomanyexamsandtheyhavelittlesparetimewhereasteachersholdittruethatsomeoftheirstudentsdonotworkhardonlybecausetheydonothavefrequentexaminations.Theexaminationscanshowwhatandhowmuchastudenthasmastered.Itisfairlyevidentthatateacherpreferstogivehisstudentsatestafterhehasfinishedteachingaunit.Onthepartofateacher,hecan11/14實用精品文檔

findhowwellhisstudentshavegraspedintheunitlearning.Onthepartofthestudents,theycanlearnwhataspectstheyfailtomasterandshouldpaymoreattentiontolater.Therefore,examinations,ifgivenatreasonableintervals,canbenefitboththeteachersandthestudents.Fromexaminations,teacherscanfigureoutwhatpointstheyhavemissedinteachingandmustworkhardtoimproveandthestudentscanalsofocustheirconcentrationontheirweakness.Children’sBooksDifferentbooksaredesignedfordifferentpeople.Picturebooksareusuallyforbabiesandchildren.Lovestoriesandnovelsarewrittenmainlyforyoungpeople.Bookswithsuchpurposesashealthandmedicalcarearewelcometooldpeople.Childrenarenotsupposedtoreadallkindofbooks.Owingtoaratherlimitedexperienceoftheworld,theyarenotoldenoughtotellgoodfrombadorrightfromwrong.Itisnoteasyforchildren