上海市高一下學期期中英語試卷（解析版）

第28頁/共28頁第二學期期中考試卷高一下英語(考試時間：90分鐘滿分：100分)Ⅰ.Listeningcomprehension20%SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandaquestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Thewomanshouldgetanotherjob.B.Thewomanshouldbemorepatient.C.Thewomancongratulatedthewrongperson.D.Thewomanwaswaitinginthewrongplace.2.A.Heisveryquiet.B.Hegivesamusinglectures.C.Helecturesonlytotheseriousstudents.D.Heshouldgivemorethanoneseriesoftalks.3.A.Thepostofficeissendingthemtothewoman’shouse.B.ThewomanismailingthemtoGary’soldaddress.C.TheyarebeingforwardedtoGary’sapartment.D.Theyarebeingheldatthepostoffice.4.A.Itistoohottowaitanylonger.B.Theyaregoingtobelateagain.C.Theywillhavetoscheduleanotherdinner.D.Thetrainwillbeoverheatedwhenitarrives.5.A.Theyshouldn’tmaketoomanyrequests.B.Theyshouldn’tpushtheprojectorbuttons.C.Theyshouldwishtheprofessorgoodluck.D.Theyshouldaskforthreeweekstodothework.6.A.Finishthefirsthalfoftheprojectrightaway.B.Meethispartnerinthemiddleoftown.C.Makeanefforttoreachanagreement.D.Havetheteacherreviewtheproject.7.A.Arealestateagency.B.Acarrentalagency.C.Acomputerstore.D.Avideocassettestore.8.A.Theyalwaysagreedonthesamepoints.B.Theybotharrivedatthesamemoment.C.HemetwithAmandafivemoretimes.D.HetookAmandatobothplays.9.A.Paulmakeshimselfrightathome.B.Paulwillgooutofhiswaytohelp.C.Paulpassesbythedrycleaner’s.D.Paulpicksouttherightclothes.10.A.Heateallthefood.B.Hecleanedthekitchen.C.Hefixedtherefrigerator.D.Heleftthegroceriesout.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Itmaydeterminewhetheracompanycansucceed.B.Itmayenableacompanytofindoutitscompetitors.C.Itmayconfusethosewhostarttheircareerinbusiness.D.Itmaybeoneofthebiggestdecisionscustomersmake.12.A.Toexplaintheconceptofpricechange.B.Tointroduceanexpertonprice-setting.C.Toshowwhatimpactpricehasonprofit.D.Tohighlightthedifferentpricingstrategies.13.A.Customersmaydislikeaproductwithahigherprice.B.Customersmayassociateaproduct’squalitywithitsprice.C.Customersmayfindoutaproduct’srealvaluethroughitsprice.D.Customersmaythinkitdifficulttojudgeifaproductispricedtoohigh.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Toexplainthecausesofdisease.B.Tohelppeopleunderstandviruses.C.Tohighlightdevelopmentsinviralresearch.D.TointroducethefunctionsofDNAandRNA.15.A.Bacteriaareeasiertodetect.B.Bacteriaarehardertoeliminate.C.Virusesareextremelypoisonous.D.Virusesarefoundmostlyinhotclimates.16.A.TheycontainnoRNAorDNA.B.Theydependonothercellstolive.C.Theyproducesnogeneticinformation.D.Theyconsumefoodrichin1protein.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Hehasalotoffreetime.B.Sheknowshelikesacting.C.Manyofhisfriendsareactors.D.He’slookingforanactingjob.18.A.Onenightaweek.B.Everythreedays.C.Threetimesaweek.D.EveryotherThursday.19.A.Hehasn’tbeeninaplayforalongtime.B.Hehastorearrangehiseveningschedule.C.Hisschoolworktakesupmostofhistime.D.Hemightnotlikethewaythegroupworks.20.A.Enjoythemeeting.B.Learnhispartquickly.C.SeeheronWednesday.D.PickheruponThursday.Ⅱ.Grammar(20%)SectionADirections:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Itseemedonlyseveralminutes_________hefinishedthispainting.A.after B.before C.when D.until【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查連詞。句意：似乎只花了幾分鐘他就完成了這幅畫。分析句子成分可知，空處需要連詞。結合句意，符合固定句型：itbe/seem+時間段+before...“過了……才/就……”故填before。故選B。2.Salesdirectorisaposition________communicationabilityisasimportantassalesskills.A.which B.that C.when D.where【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：銷售總監(jiān)是一個溝通能力和銷售技巧同樣重要的職位?？崭裉幰龑У氖嵌ㄕZ從句，從句主干成分完整，先行詞position是抽象地點，用關系副詞where引導定語從句，故選D。3.WelearnedsohardsomeItalianwordsonly________theyspokeEnglish.A.finding B.tofind C.found D.tohavefound【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查不定式。句意：我們辛辛苦苦學了一些意大利語單詞，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)它們說的是英語。根據句意可知，此處表示出乎意料的結果，用“only+todo”表出乎意料的結果，故選B。4.Remembertosendtomeaphotoofusnexttimeyou________tome.A.arewriting B.willwrite C.write D.haswritten【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：下次給我寫信時，記得給我發(fā)一張我們的照片。主句是祈使句，表述的是將來的事，nexttime引導時間狀語從句，其謂語動詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，主語是you，謂語動詞用原形。故選C項。5.Yet,inreallife,circumstancesdosometimesbringaboutcoincidences________anyonebutanineteenthcenturynovelistwouldfindunbelievable.A.which B.whose C.where D.when【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：然而，在現(xiàn)實生活中，環(huán)境有時確實會帶來一些巧合，這些巧合除了19世紀的小說家外誰也不會相信。此處是限定性定語從句，先行詞是coincidences，指物，從句缺少賓語，應用關系代詞which或that引導。故選A。6.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedonthedoor________“Sorrytomissyou,willcalllater.”A.read B.reads C.reading D.toread【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：當我回到家的時候，我看到門上釘著一張紙條，上面寫著“對不起，錯過了你，回頭再打電話。”分析句子結構可知，read在句中應用非謂語動詞形式，與邏輯主語message構成主動關系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故選C。7.Canyoumakeanaccuratejudgementofsomeone’spersonalitybasedonlyonyourfirstimpressionofthem?Ironically,theanswerlies________inthemasitdoesinyou.A.asmuch B.asmany C.aslong D.solong【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：你能僅僅根據對一個人的第一印象就對他的性格做出準確的判斷嗎？具有諷刺意味的是，答案既在你身上，也在他們身上。A.asmuch(as)幾乎（等于）；B.asmany(as)多達；C.aslong(as)只要；D.solong(as)只要。由“inthemasitdoesinyou”可知，此處表示“答案既在你身上，也在他們身上”，用asmuchas表示“inthem”和“inyou”是對等的，故選A。8.Anysuccessfullearningsystem,________itabrainorapieceofartificial-intelligencesoftware,muststriketherightbalancebetweenstabilityandflexibility.A.as B.whether C.however D.evenif【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查讓步狀語從句。句意：任何成功學習系統(tǒng)，無論是大腦還是人工智能軟件，都必須在穩(wěn)定性和靈活性之間取得適當的平衡。根據句意及所給句子可知，此處是whether…or…“無論……還是……”引導的讓步狀語從句。故選B項。9.________somewhereindeepgrassthereisarustinglawnmowerwhichIhavepromisedtorepaironeday.A.Beingburied B.Burying C.Buried D.Havingbeenburied【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：深草叢中的某個地方有一臺正在生銹的割草機，那就是我曾答應某日要修理的割草機。句子使用了倒裝手法，邏輯主語mower和bury之間是被動關系，用過去分詞。還原后是：thereisarustinglawnmowerburiedsomewhereindeepgrasswhichIhavepromisedtorepaironeday；將buriedsomewhere置于句首起到強調作用。故選C。10.Icanguessyouwereinahurry.You______yoursweaterinsideout.A.hadworn B.woreC.werewearing D.arewearing【答案】D【解析】【詳解】試題分析：現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。此句含義為我能猜出你當時很匆忙。你現(xiàn)在把毛衣都穿反了。故D正確?？键c：時態(tài)11.________thisvision,Ricciismountingoneofthemostenterprisingandmostexpensivepromotionalcampaignsinmagazine-publishinghistory.A.Torealize B.Tohaverealized C.Realizing D.Toberealizing【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞不定式。句意：為了實現(xiàn)這一愿景，里奇正在開展雜志出版史上最具進取心、最昂貴的宣傳活動之一。本句為動詞不定式作目的狀語。故選A項。12.________muchofherlifeawayfromEurope,Starkdecidedtogobacktoliveoutherfinaldays.A.Spending B.Tohavespent C.Spent D.Havingspent【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：Stark在歐洲度過了她生命中的大部分時間，她決定回去度過她最后的日子。句中謂語是decided，空格處用非謂語動詞，Stark和spend之間是主謂關系，因此空格處用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動，spend這個動作發(fā)生在謂語動作decided之前，因此空格處用havingdone表示發(fā)生在謂語動作之前的動作。故選D。SectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.WhatdoastudentinChina,anofficeworkerintheUKandanastronautinspaceallhaveincommon?Theyalleatinstantnoodles.Andthey’renotalone—over100billionservingsofinstantnoodles_____13_____(consume)globallyeachyear,makingthemoneoftheworld’smostsuccessfulindustrialfoods.Buthowdidthishappen?_____14_____(put)simply,they’recheaptoproduceandcheaptobuy,whichwasexactlywhattheircreatorintended.MomofukuAndo,aJapaneseentrepreneur,spentroughlyayear_____15_____(perfect)therecipejustaftertheSecondWorldWar.HewantedtomakesomethingsimilartotraditionalJapaneseramennoodles,whileusingthewheatflourgiventoJapanasfoodaidbytheUSgovernment.Hiscreationwasinstantlypopular,_____16_____(play)apartinJapan’spost-wareconomicrise.Evenintheyear2000-accordingtoapollbytheFujiResearchInstitute-instantnoodleswerevotedJapan’smostsuccessfulinvention,aheadofhigh-speedtrains,laptopsandkaraoke.ButJapanesepeoplearenotalone_____17_____theirdevotiontoinstantnoodles.AccordingtotheWorld’sInstantNoodlesAssociation,China,Indonesia,VietnamandIndia-inthatorder-allconsumedmoreinstantnoodlesthanJapanin2021.Instantnoodles’popularityabroadisinpartduetohoweasytheyare_____18_____(adapt)tolocaltastes.InThailand,forexample,youcangetgreencurryflavor,whileinMexicothenoodlesaregarnishedwithlimeandsalsa.And_____19_____seemsthatconsumershavegrowntoexpectinnovation.Nissin,thefoodcompanyfoundedbyAndo,launchesover300productsyearly,justinJapan.Instantnoodleshavetheircritics,too.Theirriseinpopularityhascomeatanenvironmentalcost—they’remadewithpalmoil,contributingtodeforestation,andtheirpackagingisplastic.And_____20_____theyareahot,tastyandfillingmeal,instantnoodlesdon’thavemuchnutritionalvalue,andincludehighlevelsofsaltandfat.Nevertheless,instantnoodlesareundoubtedlylifesaversinemergencyorextremesituations.【答案】13.areconsumed14.Put15.perfecting16.playing17.in18.toadapt19.it20.while##although##though【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了方便面的“前世今生”?！?3題詳解】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：他們并不是唯一——全球每年消費超過1000億份方便面，使其成為世界上最成功的工業(yè)食品之一?？仗帪榫渥又^語動詞，陳述客觀事實，且主語over100billionservingsofinstantnoodles和consume之間是被動關系，故用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語是復數。故填areconsumed?！?4題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：簡單地說，它們生產成本低，購買成本低，這正是它們的創(chuàng)造者想要的。putsimply是固定短語，意為“簡單地說”，作評注性狀語，句首單詞首字母大寫。故填Put?！?5題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：第二次世界大戰(zhàn)剛結束，日本企業(yè)家安藤茂夫花了大約一年的時間完善了這個配方。spend...(in)doingsth.“花……做某事”是固定短語，空處填所給動詞的動名詞形式作賓語。故填perfecting?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他的創(chuàng)新立即受到歡迎，在日本戰(zhàn)后的經濟崛起中發(fā)揮了作用。句中已有謂語動詞was且無連詞，故空處填非謂語動詞，邏輯主語creation和playapartin之間是主動關系，應用現(xiàn)在分詞，作狀語。故填playing?！?7題詳解】考查介詞。句意：但日本人并不是唯一一個熱衷于方便面的人。bealonein(doing)sth.是固定搭配，意為“唯一的……”。故填in.【18題詳解】考查不定式。句意：方便面在國外受歡迎的部分原因是它們很容易適應當地的口味。分析可知，此處為固定句型：主語+be+adj.+todo，主語they（指代方便面）和adaptto是邏輯主動關系（注：該句中形容詞easy放到了主語they前）。故填toadapt。【19題詳解】考查固定句型。句意：消費者似乎越來越期待創(chuàng)新。此處為固定句型：itseemsthat...“似乎……”。故填it。【20題詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：雖然方便面是一種熱、美味、飽腹的食物，但它沒有太多的營養(yǎng)價值，而且鹽和脂肪含量很高。分析句子結構可知，空處需填連詞連接兩個句子，且上下文是轉折讓步關系，故空處應填while/although/though引導讓步狀語從句。故填while/although/though。Ⅲ.Vocabulary(10%)Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.alternativeB.accessC.denyD.standingE.interoperationF.uniquelyG.envisionsH.surfaceI.capabilityJ.attentivelyK.marketsChina’sGPSChallengerTakesItsPlaceontheWorldStageGPSGPSwascreatedintheearly1970sU.S.,whentheDepartmentofDefense(DOD)wantedtoguaranteeastable,accessiblesatellitenavigationsystemformilitaryuse.This-systemreachedfullyoperational____21____in1993.GPScurrentlydeliverstwolevelsofservice:StandardPositioningService,whichisavailabletoallusersonacontinuous,worldwidebasis;andPrecisePositioningService,whose____22____isrestrictedtotheU.S.ArmedForces,U.S.Federalagencies.GLONASSInkeepingwithitspatternofimitatingU.S.technology,theSovietUniondecidedtofielditsownGNSS(GlobalNavigationSatelliteSystem).DevelopmentofGLONASSbegan3yearsaftertheUnitedStatesstartedworkonGPS.GLONASSprovides“real-timepositioningandspeeddatafor____23____,sea,andairborneobjectsaroundtheworld.”Anagreementin2000allowedChinatouseGLONASSforbasicnavigation.MultiplesweepingagreementswithChinain2019includeboththeuseofGLONASSand____24____withgroundradarstationsbuilttosupportBeiDou.GalileoGalileoistheEuropeanGNSS.TheEuropeanCommissionandEuropeanSpaceAgencybuiltGalileotogethertoprovidetheirmemberstateswithanindependent,European____25____toGPSorGLONASSwhoseownerscandegradeor____26____thesystematanytime.Galileowentlivein2016andcurrentlyhas26satellitesinorbit.BeiDouChinadecidedtodevelopBeiDouafterthe1995—1996TaiwanStraitCrisis,whenanunexpecteddisruptioninGPScausedthePeople’sLiberationArmytolosetrackofitsballisticmissiles(彈道導彈)firedovertheTaiwanStrait.Chinadecideditcouldnotaffordtorepeatsuchanincident.EventhoughChinahada____27____agreementwithRussiatouseGLONASSforbasicnavigation,ChinapersistedwithitsplantodevelopBeiDou.AlthougheveryGNSSbroadcastsamoreaccuratesignalforonlymilitaryandgovernmentuse,BeiDou____28____providesthesesensitiveuserswithinformationaboutthestatusandcurrentaccuracyofthenavigationsignalinrealtime.Chinaaggressively____29____BeiDoutoprivatesectors,especiallyaspartofitsBRIinAsiancountries.Bytheendof2019,morethan70percentofChinesesmartphonesutilizedBeiDou.ChinaaimstouseBeiDou,togetherwithitsfifth-generationcellphonetechnology,todominatethemarketfortelecommunicationsservices,whichChina_____30_____willincludenext-generationtechnologiessuchasautonomousvehicles.AgreementstouseBeiDouhavealreadybeensignedwith120partnersinmorethan30countries.【答案】21.I22.B23.H24.E25.A26.C27.D28.F29.K30.G【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國的北斗導航系統(tǒng)正在世界舞臺上占據一席之地，具體梳理了目前GPS、GLONASS、伽利略和北斗系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展和服務，詳細說明了北斗系統(tǒng)的服務特色和推廣使用?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這一系統(tǒng)在1993年達到全面作業(yè)能力。分析句子可知，空處被operational修飾，作reached的賓語，名詞capability“能力”符合句意，operationalcapability意為“作業(yè)能力”。故選I項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。句意：GPS目前提供兩個級別的服務：標準定位服務，全球范圍內所有用戶都可以連續(xù)使用；以及精確定位服務，其訪問權限僅限于美國武裝部隊和美國聯(lián)邦機構。分析句子可知，空處被關系代詞whose修飾，作非限制性定語從句的主語，謂語動詞為單數的is，名詞access“訪問權限”符合句意。故選B項。【23題詳解】考查名詞。句意：GLONASS提供“世界各地地面、海上和空中物體實時定位和速度數據”。分析句子可知，空處和sea及airborne并列，修飾objects，名詞surface“地面”符合句意。故選H項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：2019年與中國達成的多項全面協(xié)議包括使用GLONASS以及與為支持北斗而建立的地面雷達站進行互操作。分析句子可知，空處和use并列，作include的賓語，同時和介詞with搭配，名詞interoperation“互操作”符合句意。故選E項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：歐盟委員會和歐洲航天局共同建立了伽利略系統(tǒng)，為其成員國提供一個獨立的、歐洲的GPS或GLONASS系統(tǒng)的替代方案，因為其所有者可以隨時降級或不允許訪問其系統(tǒng)。分析句子可知，空處被independent和European修飾，是單數，作with的賓語，同時和介詞to搭配，名詞alternative“替代方案”符合句意。故選A項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞。句意：歐盟委員會和歐洲航天局共同建立了伽利略系統(tǒng)，為其成員國提供一個獨立的、歐洲的GPS或GLONASS系統(tǒng)的替代方案，因為其所有者可以隨時降級或不允許訪問其系統(tǒng)。分析句子可知，空處和degrade并列，作定語從句的謂語，賓語為thesystem，動詞deny“拒絕”符合句意。故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：盡管中國與俄羅斯達成了使用GLONASS進行基本導航的長期協(xié)議，但中國仍堅持其發(fā)展北斗的計劃。分析句子可知，空處修飾agreement，空前冠詞為a，形容詞standing“長期的”符合句意。故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查副詞。句意：雖然每一個GNSS廣播更精確的信號僅供軍事和政府使用，但北斗特別為這些敏感的用戶提供實時的有關導航信號狀態(tài)和當前精度的信息。分析句子可知，空處修飾主句的謂語動詞provides，副詞uniquely“特別地”符合句意，突出北斗衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)和其他系統(tǒng)的區(qū)別。故選F項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞。句意：中國積極向私營部門推廣北斗系統(tǒng)，將其特別作為“一帶一路”倡議在亞洲國家的一部分。分析句子可知，空處是句子的謂語，被aggressively修飾，主語China是單數，動詞markets“推廣”符合句意。故選K項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞。句意：中國的目標是利用北斗及其第五代手機技術，主導電信服務市場，中國預計該市場將包括自動駕駛汽車等下一代技術。分析句子可知，空處作China的謂語，構成非限制性定語從句中的插入語，表示補充說明，動詞envisions“展望”符合句意。故選G項。Ⅳ.ReadingComprehension(30%)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.TattoosareenjoyingagreatpopularityamongcollegestudentsinAmerica.They____31____students’shoulders,backs,arms,legs,feet,andeventoes.AHarrisonlinesurveyreportedthat26percentofcollegestudentsinAmericahadatleastonetattoo.Intheareaof____32____nearlyequalpercentagesofmales(16%)andfemales(15%)havetattoos.Infact,thetattoosarepopularamongall____33____groups,asdocumentedbya2011PewResearchCentersurvey.ThePewresearchshowsthatinAmerica,36percentofthoseaged18to25,and40percentofthoseaged26to40haveatleastonetattoo.InJuly2009,“tattoos”reacheditshighestrankingever,cominginasthenumbertwomost____34____searchtermontheInternet.Tattooscanbeasignofbeautyortheycanbeusedasastatement,tobecomeempowered,to____35____somethingorsomeone,andtofeelincluded.AccordingtoanarticlebyCateLineberryinS,humanshavebeentattooedforthousandsofyears.“Thesepermanentdesigns—sometimesplainandsimple,sometimescomplicated,butalways____36____—haveservedasamulets(護身符),statussymbols,declarationsoflove,signsofreligiousbeliefs,decorationsandevenformsofpunishment,”shesaid.JoshSchuhz,astudentfromUniversityofMaryland,whohashad22hoursoftattooworkdone,sayshefeels____37____byhistattoos.“Gettingmytattoowasalmostlike____38____animportantceremony,”hesaid,“I’vegottenworkdonealmosteverywhereI’vetraveled:Texas,NewYork,SanDiego,AfghanistanandNewZealand.“Sehuhz’stattoosare____39____bytheworkofspiritualandvisualspecialistartistAlexGrey.”Ireallyloveart,andAlexGrey’sworkrepresentsa(n)_____40_____energy,anenergynotseenbytheeye,”Schuhzexplained.ExerciseSciencemajorShellyStemperfromYalesaidshegothertattooasawayto_____41_____withherolderbrother.“He’snineyearsolderthanme,andwearefondofeachother.”shesaid.“Wedecidedtogettattoostogetherandhadbeenlookingforatattoothatwouldbe_____42_____forbothofus.Once,onafamilytriptoDenaliNationalParkinAlaska,wesawwolvesandIchoseawolfpawwhilemybrotherawolfheadasourtattoosbecausewelovethisanimalandtheyremindsusofour_____43_____.”MorecollegestudentsinAmericabegantoacceptandeven_____44_____theartoftattooing.Tattoosarecertaintobepartofourcultureforyearstocome,andduetothehumandesireto_____45_____oneself,tattoospromisetogrowindiversity.31.A.injure B.protect C.highlight D.decorate32.A.skill B.scale C.gender D.shape33.A.age B.occupation C.status D.race34A.requested B.neglected C.endangered D.managed35.A.refuse B.remember C.present D.transform36.A.beautiful B.dissatisfying C.personal D.different37.A.limited B.forced C.cultivated D.empowered38.A.goingthrough B.backingup C.fittingin D.callingfor39.A.encouraged B.fascinated C.financed D.inspired40.A.distractive B.spiritual C.physical D.religious41.A.bond B.begin C.communicate D.deal42.A.essential B.sensible C.meaningful D.beneficial43.A.childhood B.personality C.responsibility D.family44.A.judge B.welcome C.examine D.forbid45.A.express B.devote C.prove D.recover【答案】31.D32.C33.A34.A35.B36.C37.D38.A39.D40.B41.A42.C43.D44.B45.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了越來越多的美國大學生開始接受甚至歡迎紋身藝術?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它們裝飾學生的肩膀、背部、手臂、腿、腳，甚至腳趾。A.injure受傷；B.protect保護；C.highlight強調；D.decorate裝飾。根據上文“Tattoosareenjoyingagreatpopularity”以及常識可知，紋身是用來裝飾身體部位的。故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在性別領域，男性（16%）和女性（15%）紋身的比例幾乎相等。A.skill技能；B.scale天平，秤；C.gender性別；D.shape形狀。根據下文“males(16%)andfemales(15%)”可知，在性別領域。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，皮尤研究中心2011年的一項調查顯示，紋身在所有年齡段的人中都很流行。A.age年齡；B.occupation職業(yè)；C.status地位；D.race比賽。根據下文“ThePewresearchshowsthatinAmerica,36percentofthoseaged18to25,and40percentofthoseaged26to40haveatleastonetattoo.”可知，紋身在所有年齡段的人中都很流行。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：2009年7月，“紋身”達到了有史以來的最高排名，成為互聯(lián)網上被要求的（最受歡迎的）搜索詞第二名。A.requested被要求的；B.neglected被忽略的；C.endangered瀕危的；D.managed設法，管理。根據上文“reacheditshighestrankingever”可知，成為成為互聯(lián)網上被要求的（最受歡迎的）搜索詞第二名。故選A項。【35題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：紋身可以是美麗的標志，也可以作為一種聲明，成為一種力量，記住某事或某人，并感到被包容。A.refuse拒絕；B.remember記得；C.present提出；D.transform變形。根據上文“beusedasastatement,tobecomeempowered”以及常識可知，紋身可以是美麗的標志，也可以作為一種聲明，成為一種力量，記住某事或某人，并感到被包容。故選B項。【36題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這些永久性的設計——有時簡單明了，有時復雜，但總是個性化的——起到了護身符的作用(護身符),地位象征、愛情宣言、宗教信仰標志、裝飾，甚至懲罰形式。A.beautiful漂亮的；B.dissatisfying不令人滿意的；C.personal個人的；D.different不同的。根據常識可知，紋身有個性化的特點。故選C項。【37題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：馬里蘭大學的學生JoshSchuhz已經完成了22個小時的紋身工作，他說自己的紋身讓他感到有力量。A.limited限制；B.forced強迫；C.cultivated培養(yǎng)；D.empowered授權；給（某人）…的權力。根據上文“empowered”可知，他說自己的紋身讓他感到有力量。故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他說：“紋身就像參加一個重要的儀式，我?guī)缀踉谖胰ミ^的每一個地方都完成了工作：得克薩斯州、紐約州、圣地亞哥、阿富汗和新西蘭。A.goingthrough經歷；B.backingup支持；C.fittingin適應；D.callingfor要求。根據下文“animportantceremony”可知，紋身就像參加一個重要的儀式。故選A項。【39題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：休茲的紋身靈感來自精神和視覺專家藝術家亞歷克斯·格雷的作品。A.encouraged鼓勵；B.fascinated入迷；C.financed提供資金；D.inspired鼓勵。根據下文“Ireallyloveart,andAlexGrey’sworkrepresentsa(n)____10____energy,anenergynotseenbytheeye,”Schuhzexplained.”可知，休茲的紋身靈感來自精神和視覺專家藝術家亞歷克斯·格雷的作品。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我真的很喜歡藝術，AlexGrey的作品代表了一種精神能量，一種肉眼看不到的能量。A.distractive分散注意力的；B.spiritual精神的；C.physical身體上的；D.religious宗教的。根據上文“theworkofspiritual”可知，AlexGrey的作品代表了一種精神能量。故選B項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：耶魯大學運動科學專業(yè)的ShellyStemper說，她紋身是為了與哥哥建立聯(lián)系。A.bond聯(lián)系；B.begin開始；C.communicate交流；D.deal處理。根據下文“He’snineyearsolderthanme,andwearefondofeachother.”shesaid.“Wedecidedtogettattoostogether”可知，她紋身是為了與哥哥建立聯(lián)系。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們決定一起紋身，并一直在尋找一個對我們倆都有意義的紋身。A.essential重要的；B.sensible明智的；C.meaningful有意義的；D.beneficial有益處的。根據下文“wesawwolvesandIchoseawolfpawwhilemybrotherawolfheadasourtattoosbecausewelovethisanimal”可知，我們決定一起紋身，并一直在尋找一個對我們倆都有意義的紋身。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，在阿拉斯加德納利國家公園的一次家庭旅行中，我們看到了狼，我選擇了一只狼爪作為紋身，而我哥哥選擇了一個狼頭作為紋身，因為我們喜歡這種動物，它們讓我們想起了我們的家人。A.childhood童年；B.personality個性；C.responsibility責任；D.family家庭，家人。根據上文“onafamilytrip”可知，衛(wèi)生讓我們想起了我們的家人。故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：越來越多的美國大學生開始接受甚至歡迎紋身藝術。A.judge判斷；B.welcome歡迎；C.examine檢查；D.forbid禁止。根據上文“TattoosareenjoyingagreatpopularityamongcollegestudentsinAmerica.”可知，越來越多的美國大學生開始接受甚至歡迎紋身藝術。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在未來的歲月里，紋身肯定會成為我們文化的一部分，由于人類表達自我的欲望，紋身有望變得多樣化。A.express表達；B.devote致力于；C.prove證明；D.recover恢復。根據下文“tattoospromisetogrowindiversity.”以及常識可知，紋身是表達自我欲望的一種形式。故選A項。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.AEveryAprilIamtroubledbythesameconcern--thatspringmightnotoccurthisyear.Thelandscapelooksdull,withhills,skyandforestappearinggray.Myspiritsebb,astheydidduringanAprilsnowfallwhenIfirstcametoMaine15yearsago."Justwait,"aneighboradvised."You’llwakeuponemorningandspringwilljustbehere."Andlook,onMay3thatyearIawoketoagreensoamazingastobealmostelectric,asifspringweresimplyamatterofflippingaswitch.Hills,skyandforestrevealedtheirpurples,bluesandgreen.Leaveshadunfoldedanddaffodilswerefightingtheirwayheavenward.Thentherewastheoldappletree.Itsitsonanundevelopedlotinmyneighborhood.Itbelongstonooneandthereforetoeveryone.Thetree’sdarktwistedbranchesstretchoutinunpruned（未經修剪的）abandon.Eachspringitblossomssofreelythattheairbecomesfilledwiththescentofapple.Untillastyear,IthoughtIwastheonlyoneawareofthistree.Andthenoneday,inabitofspringmadness,Isetoutwithprunertoremoveafewdisorderlybranches.NosoonerhadIarrivedunderthetreethanneighborsopenedtheirwindowsandsteppedontotheirporches(門廊).ThesewerepeopleIbarelyknewandseldomspoketo,butitwasasifIhadcomeuninvitedintotheirpersonalgardens.Mymobile-homeneighborwasthefirsttospeak."You’renotcuttingitdown,areyou?"sheaskedanxiously.AnotherneighborfrownedasIcutoffabranch."Don’tkillit,now,"hewarned.Soonhalftheneighborhoodhadjoinedmeundertheappletree.ItstruckmethatIhadlivedthereforfiveyearsandonlynowwaslearningthesepeople’snames,whattheydidforalivingandhowtheypassedthewinter.Itwasasiftheoldappletreewasgatheringusunderitsbranchesforthepurposeofbothacquaintanceshipandsharedwonder.Icouldn’thelprecallingRobertFrost’swords:Thetreesthathaveitintheirpent-upbudsTodarkennatureandbesummerwoodsOnethawledtoanother.JusttheotherdayIsawoneofmyneighborsatthelocalstore.Heremarkedhowthisrecentwinterhadbeenespeciallylongandcomplainedofnothavingseenorspokenatlengthtoanyoneinourneighborhood.Andthen,helookedatmeandsaid,"Weneedtoprunethatappletreeagain."46.Bysayingthat“myspiritsebb”(Para.1),theauthormeansthat_____.A.hefeelsrelieved B.hefeelsblueC.heissurprised D.heistired47.Theappletreementionedinthepassageismostlikelyto_____.A.beregardedasadelightintheneighborhoodB.havebeenabandonedbyitsoriginalownerC.havebeenneglectedbyeveryoneinthecommunityDbeappealingonlytotheauthor48.AccordingtoPara.4,whydidtheneighborsopentheirwindowsandstepontotheirporches?A.Theyweresurprisedthatsomeoneunknownwaspruningthetree.B.TheywantedtopreventtheauthorfrompruningthetreeC.TheywereconcernedaboutthesafetyofthetreeD.Theywantedtogettoknowtheauthor49.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthor’sneighbormentionedinthelastparagraphmostcaredabout_____.A.whenspringwouldarrive B.howtopassthelongwinterC.theneighborhoodgathering D.thepruningoftheappletree【答案】46.B47.A48.C49.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者居住在緬因州，這兒的冬天總是很長，作者和鄰居們總是盼著春天到來。作者修剪蘋果枝的行為，引來了很多的鄰居聚在一起的故事?！?6題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據上文的EveryAprilIamtroubledbythesameconcern--thatspringmightnotoccurthisyear.Thelandscapelooksdull,withhills,skyandforestappearinggray.每年四月，我都為同樣的擔憂所困擾——今年可能不會有春天。山巒、天空和森林都是灰色的?？芍髡叻浅鷳n，心情不好，因此，此處的Myspiritsebb指的是我的情緒低落。B選項的blue是“憂郁”的意思。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。緬因州的春天總是來得很晚，大家似乎都躲在家里不出來，鄰居間很少見面，而作者在春天修剪蘋果樹枝引來了鄰居，根據文章倒數第二段Itwasasiftheoldappletreewasgatheringusunderitsbranchesforthepurposeofbothacquaintanceshipandsharedwonder.可知，蘋果樹使鄰居們相識，給鄰居們帶來了快樂。故選A。【48題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第五段的Mymobile-homeneighborwasthefirsttospeak."You’renotcuttingitdown,areyou?"sheaskedanxiously.AnotherneighborfrownedasIcutoffabranch."Don’tkillit,now,"hewarned