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中考英語(yǔ)完形填空題解題攻略

三、解題策略

(一)解題的三個(gè)原則

1、整體性和連貫性相結(jié)合

完形填空題不同于單項(xiàng)選擇填空題,它是一篇意思完整的文章,詞與句都體現(xiàn)

整體性和連貫性,解題時(shí)要堅(jiān)持“詞不離句,句不離篇”的原則,既要“依句選詞”,

又要“縱觀(guān)全文二

2、重視首句,預(yù)測(cè)主題

大部分完形填空題的短文沒(méi)有標(biāo)題,但文章的首句通常是不設(shè)空的。我們可以

抓住文章的首句,判斷文章的體裁。如果首句交代/when,where,who,what等幾個(gè)

要素,那么就是記敘文。如果首句提出一個(gè)論點(diǎn),那么就是議論文。我們還可以通

過(guò)首句為“窗口”推理文章的中心,順利開(kāi)局,為文章整體閱讀做好鋪墊。

3、整篇閱讀,注意詞匯語(yǔ)境化

完形填空的信息載體是語(yǔ)篇,閱讀并理解語(yǔ)篇是關(guān)鍵。注意詞匯語(yǔ)境化,不能

一看到自己熟悉的結(jié)構(gòu)或短語(yǔ)就去選,而要對(duì)特定的語(yǔ)境作深入理解,不要犯“定

勢(shì)思維”的錯(cuò)誤。

(二)解題的步驟與技巧

完形填空是高層次的閱讀理解,難度較大,但前提還是熟練地掌握語(yǔ)言、詞匯、

語(yǔ)法知識(shí)及其運(yùn)用的基本技能。具體解題步驟與技巧如下:

1、運(yùn)用“跳讀”閱讀全文,弄清大意

盡管短文中有多個(gè)空格,似乎“支離破碎”,閱讀困難;但絕大部分的空格都

是缺一個(gè)詞,并且往往又都是每隔7~10個(gè)詞或更多詞才有一個(gè)空格,所以運(yùn)用抓

關(guān)鍵詞的“跳讀”技巧還是可以獲得所需的信息。通讀一遍全文,掌握文章的大意,

重點(diǎn)了解文章的主旨及事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié),即文章所敘述的人物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、事件等,為

正確選擇答案奠定基礎(chǔ)。切勿為了“省時(shí)”而邊看邊選,就空填空,無(wú)法形成連貫

的思路,導(dǎo)致自己的理解偏離了文章的主旨,欲速則不達(dá)。這要不僅失分率高,而

且費(fèi)時(shí)不少。

2、瞻前顧后,逐句細(xì)讀,邊讀邊選

在閱讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上,可以開(kāi)始細(xì)讀。通過(guò)整體與部分的聯(lián)系和部分與部分之

間的聯(lián)系的運(yùn)用,逐句細(xì)讀,各個(gè)擊破。要細(xì)心謹(jǐn)慎,每填一空都要注意行義恰當(dāng)

和前后呼應(yīng)。對(duì)含義明顯的詞匯、固定搭配或習(xí)慣用法、常用句式等純知識(shí)問(wèn)題,

可以邊讀邊猜測(cè)出答案。答題時(shí)要善于發(fā)現(xiàn)和利用文中的信息,從字里行間尋求啟

示。在答題時(shí),決不能僅僅理解缺空的句子,一定要重視上下文。而有時(shí),僅對(duì)前

后句子的理解還是不夠,而要結(jié)合全文考慮。所填的選項(xiàng)一定要與整篇文章協(xié)調(diào),

不能與上下文相矛盾。如所給選項(xiàng)是動(dòng)詞,要注意空格處要求是何種時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)或

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;如選項(xiàng)是連詞,就要根據(jù)連詞的習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配來(lái)選擇;如所給

選項(xiàng)是形容詞、副詞,則要根據(jù)其在句子中的修飾作用來(lái)確定。

另外一種方法可以根據(jù)所學(xué)知識(shí),從語(yǔ)法、習(xí)慣用法等方面入手,先提出一個(gè)

預(yù)想答案,再對(duì)照四個(gè)選項(xiàng),若其中一個(gè)與你想的相似,則該答案的正確性較大。

但還要對(duì)其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行分析排除,以確認(rèn)它們不正確。

特別注意閱讀時(shí)要明確文章的中心思想,每個(gè)空格的含義要與前后句子聯(lián)系起

來(lái)理解。緊扣文意,先易后難,對(duì)有把握的選項(xiàng)不能猶豫。對(duì)一時(shí)沒(méi)有把握的選項(xiàng)

可以先放一放,接著往下看,有時(shí)前后空白會(huì)互相提示和補(bǔ)充,讀了下文,受到啟

發(fā),難題也就迎刃而解了。有些完形填空題文章的前幾個(gè)空格要到讀完文章的尾段

才能判定其正確答案。

3、填入所選答案,再次復(fù)讀,全面檢查核實(shí)

做完題目后,要把選項(xiàng)填入空格處,再次復(fù)讀,這時(shí)的短文讀起來(lái)應(yīng)該是一篇

語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)正確、邏輯關(guān)系合理、內(nèi)容明確、意思連貫的整體。全面檢查每個(gè)答案是

否能使前后通順,是否能融入整個(gè)語(yǔ)篇,可以從以下幾個(gè)方面對(duì)答案進(jìn)行核查:(1)

選項(xiàng)是否符合本句內(nèi)容,使上下文連貫;(2)選項(xiàng)是否符合某種固定搭配;(3)選

項(xiàng)是否符合某種時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)的要求。但是要注意不能為復(fù)查而強(qiáng)行改錯(cuò),如果覺(jué)得

正確就必須堅(jiān)持,即使把握不準(zhǔn)也不要輕易改動(dòng),要相信自己的“第一感覺(jué)”。

(三)常用的選項(xiàng)判斷方法

所選題例均選自2009和2010年江蘇省南京市和無(wú)錫市的中考英語(yǔ)完形填空

題,并保留原題號(hào)。

1、根據(jù)同義詞或反義詞判斷

Hismusicisfullofpowerandstrength,itcanbe21orjoyful,loudorsoft.

(2009江蘇省南京市中考英語(yǔ)完形填空題)

21.A.happyB.cheerfulC.noisyD.sad

D[解析]因?yàn)楦鶕?jù)下文,小提琴家伊扎克.帕爾曼的音樂(lè)充滿(mǎn)了力量,可以是

很響亮或是很輕柔,所以根據(jù)joyful此處應(yīng)選它的反義詞sado

2、根據(jù)具體句意判斷

SotheyalwaysspenthourstalkinghappilyonQQandsometimestheyeven21

thetime.(2009江蘇省無(wú)錫市中考英語(yǔ)完形填空題)

21.A.lostB.forgotC.choseD.watched

B[解析]根據(jù)句子的意思、,他們?cè)赒Q上談?wù)摰煤芨吲d,有時(shí)甚至?xí)藭r(shí)間。

3、根據(jù)常理判斷

SheusesthenameLindaonQQandhasmadealotoffriendswhoshe19with

quiteoften.(2009江蘇省無(wú)錫市中考英語(yǔ)完形填空題)

19.A.meetsB.worksC.playsD.connects

D[解析]根據(jù)一般情況判斷,她在QQ上交了很多經(jīng)常聯(lián)系的朋友。

4、根據(jù)上下文判斷

Butpeoplesayitisnotthemusic22thatmakeshisplayingsoparticular.

Theysayheisabletoshowthejoyhe23inplaying,andthefeelingsthatgreat

musiccanexpress.(2009江蘇省南京市中考英語(yǔ)完形填空題)

22.A.aloneB.lonelyC.aliveD.available

23.A.touchesB.feelsC.developsD.achieves

22.A23.B[解析]根據(jù)上下文的意思判斷,不僅僅只是音樂(lè)讓他的演奏如此

特別,他還把自己感受到的快樂(lè)融入音樂(lè)中,通過(guò)音樂(lè)表達(dá)出來(lái)。

實(shí)例講解一

ThesunwasshiningquitebrightlyasMrsGrantleftherhouse,soshedecidednot

to16anumbrellawithher.Shegotonthebustothetownandbeforelongit

begantorain.Therainhadnotstopped17thebusarrivedatthemarkethalfan

hourlater.MrsGrantstoodupandabsent-mindedly(心不在焉)pickeduptheumbrella

thatwas18ontheseatinfrontofher.

Acoldvoicesaidloudly,"Thatismine,Madam!”

Suddenlyrememberingthatshehadcomeoutwithoutherumbrella,MrsGrantfelt

19forwhatshehaddone,tryingatthesametimetotakenonoticeoftheunpleasant

20theowneroftheumbrellawasgivingher.

Whenshegotoffthebus,MrsGrantmadestraightforashopwhereshecouldbuy

anumbrella.Shefoundaprettyoneandboughtit.Thenshe21tobuyanotheras

apresentforherdaughter.Afterwardsshedidtherestofher22andhadlunchina

restaurant.

Intheafternoonshegotonthehomeward(回家的)buswiththetwoumbrellas

underherarm,andsatdown.Thenshe23that,byacuriouscoincidence(巧合),

shewassittingnexttothewomanwhohadmadeherfeel24thatmorning.

Thatwomannowlookedather,andthenattheumbrellas."You'vehadquitea

good25?shesaid.(2010年江蘇省無(wú)錫市中考英語(yǔ)完形填空題)

16.A.keepB.bringC.takeD.leave

17.A.beforeB.untilC.thoughD.when

18.A.hangingB.appearingC.droppingD.losing

19.A.angryB.sorryC.luckyD.glad

20.A.replyB.callC.suggestionD.look

21.A.promisedB.decidedC.agreedD.remembered

22.A.hikingB.shoppingC.tryingD.searching

23.A.meantB.explainedC.sawD.forgot

24.A.jealousB.boredC.satisfiedD.uncomfortable

25.A.dayB.mealC.journeyD.present

[文章導(dǎo)讀]

這是一篇記敘文,主要講述了格蘭特夫人上公交車(chē)時(shí)沒(méi)帶傘,但下車(chē)時(shí)由于下

雨,她心不在焉地去拿別人的傘被指出而很尷尬。下車(chē)后她在店里給自己和女兒買(mǎi)

了兩把傘,而在回家的公交車(chē)上碰巧又遇到了上午的那把傘的女主人,而那位婦女

看到她拿了兩把傘后,諷刺她“過(guò)了相當(dāng)好的一天”,即誤認(rèn)為格蘭特夫人是個(gè)“順

手牽傘”者。

[答案解析]

16.C[解析]此題是考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的固定搭配,“隨身帶著某物”為takesth.withsb.。

17.D[解析]根據(jù)上文,格蘭特夫人上車(chē)后不久就開(kāi)始下雨,而半小時(shí)之后當(dāng)車(chē)子

到達(dá)集市時(shí)雨還沒(méi)有停,所以選D。

18.A[解析]此題根據(jù)句子意思、,傘掛在座位上,所以選A。

19.B[解析]格蘭特夫人想起自己上車(chē)時(shí)沒(méi)帶傘,所以她對(duì)自己順手去拿別人的傘

這種行為感到很抱歉,而不可能感到生氣、幸運(yùn)或開(kāi)心。

20.D[解析]此處根據(jù)上下文判斷,格蘭特夫人盡量不去注意傘主人給她的不友好

的目光,因?yàn)閭阒魅藳](méi)有給她答復(fù)、打電話(huà)或建議,所以排除這三個(gè)選項(xiàng),

選擇D。

21.B[解析]此處根據(jù)意思,格蘭特夫人下車(chē)后直接到店里給自己買(mǎi)了把傘,然后

還決定給女兒買(mǎi)一把作為禮物,是她當(dāng)時(shí)的決定,不是給女兒的承諾,也不

是同意買(mǎi)或是記得去買(mǎi)。

22.B[解析1此題相對(duì)較容易,格蘭特夫人是去市里購(gòu)物的,所以選B。

23.C[解析]此題也是明顯根據(jù)意思判斷,在回家的公交車(chē)上,她碰巧又看到了上

午的那把傘的女主人。其余三個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別是“意味著”、“解釋”、“忘記”,都

不符合文章意思。

24.D[解析]此題可以根據(jù)同義詞來(lái)判斷,上文有unpleasant,那位傘主人的話(huà)和目

光讓格蘭特夫人很不舒服,而現(xiàn)在又碰到她,當(dāng)然還是不舒服,所以是同義

詞uncomfortableo

25.A[解析]最后一題是畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛之筆,那位傘主人看到了格蘭特夫人,又看到了

她帶著的兩把傘,想起上午格蘭特夫人想要拿她的傘,就誤認(rèn)為格蘭特夫人

是個(gè)“順手牽傘”的人,諷刺格蘭特夫人“收獲不錯(cuò),過(guò)了相當(dāng)好的一天”。

實(shí)例講解二

Ifwetakeacloselookatsuccessfullanguagelearners,wemaydiscoverafew

techniques(技巧)whichmakelanguagelearningeasierforthem.

16.successfullanguagelearnersareindependentlearners.Theydonotdepend

on(依賴(lài))booksorteachers;they17theirownwaytolearnthelanguage.Theytry

tofindthepatternsandtherulesforthemselves18waitingfortheteacherto

explaineverything.Theyaregoodguesserswholookforcluesandformtheir19

conclusionswhichareverydifferentfromothers5.

Successfullanguagelearningis20learning.Therefore,successfullearnersdo

notwaitforachancetousethelanguage;they21suchachance.Theyfindpeople

whospeakthelanguageandaskthesepeopletocorrectthem22theymake

mistakes.Theywilltryanythingtocommunicate.Whencommunicationisdifficult,they

can23informationthatisincomplete(不完整的).Itismoreimportantforthemto

learnto24inthelanguagethantoknowthemeaningofeveryword.

Finally,successfullanguagelearnersarelearnerswitha25inorderto

communicatewiththesepeopleandlearnfromthem.Theywanttolearnalanguage

becausetheyareinterestedinthelanguageandthepeoplewhospeakit.Itisnecessary

forthemtolearnthelanguage.(2010年江蘇省南京市中考英語(yǔ)完形填空題)

16.A.AsusualB.FirstofallC.BythewayD.Sofar

17.A.explainB.makeC.discoverD.change

18.A.insteadofB.afterC.becauseofD.from

19.A.correctB.ownC.onlyD.main

20.A.idealB.informalC.earlyD.active

21.A.lookforB.careaboutC.workoutD.writedown

22.A.untilB.whetherC.beforeD.when

23.A.breakB.checkC.downloadD.accept

24.A.agreeB.askC.thinkD.read

25.A.pui-poseB.certificateC.guideD.question

[文章導(dǎo)讀]

這是一篇議論文,講述了成功的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者在語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中的一些技巧,成功的

語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者都是獨(dú)立的學(xué)習(xí)者,都有積極主動(dòng)的學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度,而且有明確的學(xué)習(xí)目的。

[答案解析]

16.B[解析]通過(guò)閱讀全文,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)這篇議論文分了三段講述成功的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者

的技巧,最后一段的開(kāi)頭是finally,那么可以推斷此題是指的第一種技巧,

即firstofallo

17.C[解析]此題根據(jù)意思,他們不依賴(lài)于書(shū)本或老師,而是探索自己的方法來(lái)學(xué)

習(xí)語(yǔ)言,所以選C。

18.A[解析]此題可以采取同義詞判斷法,上文提到不依賴(lài)于老師,那么這里也是

不用等老師來(lái)解釋?zhuān)杂胕nsteadof。

19.B[解析]此題其實(shí)上文已經(jīng)給出了線(xiàn)索,這些語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者有自己的方法,他們

也形成了自己的與眾不同的結(jié)論。

20.D[解析]此題要根據(jù)下文判斷,下文提到這些語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者不會(huì)等著機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)臨,

所以他們都是積極主動(dòng)地學(xué)習(xí),故選D。

21.A[解析]上面提到這些語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者不會(huì)等著機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)臨,那么他們當(dāng)然是尋找這

種機(jī)會(huì)。

22.D[解析]此題考查詞義辨析,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思很明確,只有when最恰當(dāng)。

23.D[解析]此題有難度,一定要把文章意思弄清楚。當(dāng)遇到有難度的交際活動(dòng),

他們?nèi)匀荒軌驈闹薪邮懿煌暾男畔?,而其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)“打破”、“檢查”和

“下載”都不正確。

24.C[解析]此題也有難度,根據(jù)句子意思,對(duì)于這些學(xué)習(xí)者來(lái)說(shuō),用這種語(yǔ)言來(lái)

思考比知道每個(gè)詞的意思更重要,所以選think。

25.A[解析]此選項(xiàng)位于最后一段的第一句,此句同時(shí)也是最后一段的中心句。根

據(jù)意思,成功的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者都有明確的學(xué)習(xí)目的,為的是和人交流并向他人

學(xué)習(xí),所以purpose是最恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?/p>

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練

(A)

ThesedaysIworkedtoomuchandIneedavacationfromworkbadly,soIdecided

totakeashortbreakinthesouth.Ilookedupsome]ontheInternetandfounda

placelookedlikeagreatbeach.The2onthewebsitelookedsosurprising:golden

sandybeaches,littlecottagesthatreallylookedout3thesea,beachsitedining;it

was4whatIwanted.IwentaheadandmadeareservationovertheInternet.Itwas

easy.Orsoit5

WhenIexcitedlygottothesmallbeachresort(度彳戰(zhàn)勝地)lastweek,Iwas6.

Theworkerstherewereunfriendly.Mycottagewas7,inneedofrepairandwas

nowhereformthebeach.Theworstofall,theviewofthatgoldensandybeachwas_8

tobeseen.

Fromthatexperience,Filbemore9withtheInternet.MaybetheInternet

bringsusadvantagesand10atthesametime.

()1.A.hotelsB.restaurantsC.villagesD.houses

()2.A.picturesB.planC.storyD.title

()3.A.intoB.forC.afterD.at

()4.A.stillB.alreadyC.justD.never

()5.A.wasB.becameC.turnedD.seemed

()6.A.pleasedB.shockedC.interestedD.moved

()7.A.strangeB.beautifulC.expensiveD.dear

()8.A.everywhereB.anywhereC.nowhereD.somewhere

()9.A.cleverB.popularC.carefulD.similar

()10.A.questionsB.problemsC.serviceD.uses

(B)

BominAmerica,IspokeEnglish,notChinese,mymotherlanguage.WhenIwas

three,myparentswantedtoteachmeChinesecharacters,butIpushedthem1My

mombelievedIwouldlearn2Iwasready,butthe3nevercame.

OnaChristmasNewYear'sEve,myunclespoketomeinChinese,butallIcould

dowasonlytolookathim."Stillcan'tspeakChinese?^^He4me,"Youcan'teven

buyafishinChinatown.”

“Hey,thisisAmerica,notChina.I'llgetsome5withorwithoutChinese.^^I

turnedtomymom."Remembertoaskfbrfreshfish,XinXianYu,“shesaidandgaveme

a$20bill.I6thewords,runningdownstairsintothestreetsofChinatown.

Ifoundthefishstallwithaseaofcustomers."Tdliketobuysomefreshfish,"I

shoutedtothefisherman.Buthedidn'tseemto7myEnglishwordsandbeganto

servethenextcustomer.Thepeoplebehindlaughedwithoutpatience.Icriedout,“Xian

ShengYu,please.”"VeryXianSheng,“Irepeated.Thecrowdlaughedeverlouder.My

faceturned8andIranbackhome9exceptforthe$20billIheldinmy

pocket.

ShouldIlaughorcry?They9reChinese.I'mChinese.ButIwasthejoke,a

disgrace(丟臉)tothelanguage.Everylaughisaculture10;Everylaughismy

heritage(傳統(tǒng))goneaway.

()1.A.aroundB.alongC.aheadD.aside

()2.A.whenB.beforeC.untilD.unless

()3.A.studyB.timeC.yearD.chance

()4.A.askedforB.caredforC.arguedwithD.laughedat

()5.A.rightnowB.fromnowC.attimesD.intime

()6.A.reviewedB.repeatedC.keptD.read

()7.A.guessB.knowC.understandD.remember

()8.A.greenB.brightC.redD.pale

()9.A.empty-handedB.broken-heartedC.open-mouthedD.heavy-legged

()10.A.dividedB.lostC.thrownD.disappeared

(C)

Afarmerhadsomepuppies(小狗)heneededtosell.Hepaintedasign1the

puppiesandsetaboutnailingittoapost(柱子)onthe2ofhisyard(院子).Ashe

wasdrivingthelastnail(釘子)intothepost,hefeltapullonhisclothes.Helooked3

intotheeyesofalittleboy.

“Mister,“hesaid,“Iwanttobuyoneofyourpuppies.

“4Jsaidthefarmer,asherubbedthesweat(汗水)offthebackofhisneck,

“thesepuppiescomefromfine5andcostmuchmoney.”

Theboydroppedhisheadforamoment.Thenreachingdeepintohispocket,he

pulledoutahandleofcoinsandsaidtothefarmer.'Tvegotthirty-ninecents.Isthat

enoughtotakealook?”"Sure,"saidthefarmer,andwiththatheletoutawhistle,

“Here,Dolly!”hecalled.

6fromthedoghouseranDollyfollowedbyfourlittleballsoffur.Thelittle

boypressedhisfaceagainstthefence(柵欄).Hiseyesdancedwith7.

Asthedogsmadetheir8tothefence,thelittleboynoticedsomethingelse.

Anotherlittleballappeared,obviously9.Thelittlepuppydiditsbesttocatchup

withothers.

“Iwantthatone,thelittleboysaid,pointingtoit.

Thefarmersaid,“Son,youdon't.Hewillneverbeabletorunandplaywithyou

liketheseotherdogs.”

10thatthelittleboysteppedbackfromthefence,reacheddown,andbegan

rollinguponelegofhistrousers.Indoingsoheshowedasteelbrace(支持物)attaching

itselftoa11madeshoe.Lookingup,hesaid,“Youseesir,Idon'truntoowell

myself,andhewillneedsomeonewhounderstands.

Yes,theworldisfullofpeoplewhoneedsomeonewho12.

()1.A.introducingB.showingC.advertisingD.explaining

()2.A.backB.edgeC.centerD.top

()3.A.overB.onC.upD.down

()4.A.CertainlyB.WellC.SorryD.Likely

()5.A.parentsB.friendsC.relativesD.customers

()6.A.AwayB.FarC.OutD.Into

()7.A.tearsB.delightC.fearD.sadness

()8.A.wayB.directionC.pathD.route

()9.A.whiterB.fatterC.thinnerD.slower

()10.A.ForB.InC.AboutD.With

()11.A.speciallyB.especiallyC.exactlyD.naturally

()12.A.lovesB.understandsC.sharesD.cares

(D)

SusangoestoherartclassonWednesdayandFridayafternoons.Shealwayslooks

forwardtothosedayswhenshecando]thingsallafternoon.WhatSusanlikes

bestaboutartisthegoodfeelingshegetswhenshehasfinishedworkingonapieceofart.

Andthenwhenshetakesithometo2ittoherparentsshefeelssoproudofwhat

shehasmade.

OnThursdaysSusandoessomethingelsethatshereallyenjoys.OnThursday

afternoonsshewritesarticlesfbrthe3newspaper.

Whenshefirstmovedtoherschool,shewrote\anarticlesabouthowit4to

beanewstudentinanewschool.Her5articleinthenewspaperwasaboutateacher

atherschoolwhohadjustfinishedwritingabook.Susanaskedtheteacherwhatitfeels

liketobeapublishedauthor.Andthenshe6whatshefoundoutwiththerestof

theschool.

Anothertimeshewroteanarticleabout7shethoughttheschoolshouldhave

twoshortrecesses(課間休息)aday8onelongrecess.Lotsofherfriendsthought

thatthiswouldbeagoodidea,too.Manyteachersalso9withSusan'ssuggestion.

Wouldyoubelievetheprincipaloftheschoolaskedeveryoneintheschooltocome

toaschoolassembly(學(xué)校集會(huì))totakea10onSusan'ssuggestion?Theprincipal

alwaysfeltthatstudentsshouldhelpdecidehowtheschoolshouldbe11During

thevote,eachpersonintheschoolhadonevote.Eachoftheteachershadonevote.And

eachofthestudentshadonevote.Finally,theschool12thattwoshortrecesses

wouldbebetterthanonelongrecess.ThishappenedonlybecauseSusanwroteabouther

13intheschoolnewspaper.

Onthedaythenewspapercomesout,thefirstthingSusandoesisto14where

herarticleisinthenewspaper.Andeachmonth,atthebeginningofherarticlearethe

15:BySusanJefferson.

()1.A.possibleB.unbelievableC.badD.creative

()2.A.showB.explainC.seeD.confirm

()3.A.nationalB.localC.schoolD.educational

()4.A.seemsB.experiencesC.feelsD.appears

()5.A.secondB.bestC.generalD.valuable

()6.A.describedB.recordedC.sharedD.forgot

()7.A.whyB.whenC.whetherD.which

()8.A.otherthanB.ratherthanC.aswellasD.suchas

()9.A.discussedB.arguedC.disagreedD.agreed

()10.A.voteB.choiceC.questionD.decision

()11.A.performedB.runC.controlledD.achieved

()12.A.doubtB.concludedC.decidedD.suggested

)13.A.dreamB.hopeC.successD.idea

)14.A.proveB.checkC.putD.see

)15.A.songsB.articlesC.wordsD.competitions

(E)

Thebackdooroftheambulanc6(救護(hù)車(chē))wassuddenlyshutandthedriverrantothe

front,jumpedintotheseat,andstartedtheengine.Insidewerethe]parents,Mr.

andMrs.Green.Themotherwasholdingtheirbabydaughter,Ally.Thegirlhadsome

foodstuckinherthroatandcould2breathe.

Thedriver,Mr.White,turnedonhissiren(警報(bào)器)andspedtowardsthe3

hospital,fightingagainstthetime.Thecarsaheadofhimpulledoutoftheway4he

drovethroughthebusytraffic.Fromthebackoftheambulancetheparentswere

shoutingathimtobe5sinceAllyhadalmoststoppedbreathing.Infrontofhim

hesawsometrafficlights,withthered66Stop^^lightshining.Mr.Whiteknewhehadno

timeto6,sohedrovestraightthroughthetrafficlights.

Comingtowardshimfromhisrightwasataxi.Thedriverhadthewindows7,

sincethecarwasair-conditionedandhewasplayingtheradio.Hedidnot8the

ambulance.Thelightsweregreen,9hedrovestraightonintotheambulance.

Mr.Whitetriedtostophisambulance,butitwastoo10,Ithitthetaxi.

Everyonewasshaken,butnoonewashurt.Mr.Whitelookedtosee11littleAlly

was.Hewasshockedtoseerelief(寬慰)insteadof12onthefacesoftheparents.

“Look!”criedMrs.Green."Sheis13again!,9

“It14havebeenthecrash,Msaidherhusband.46Itknockedthefoodouther

throat.^^Thebabywascryinginaloudbuthealthyvoice.Theywereallveryjoyful,and

15forgotabouttheaccident.

()1.A.angryB.worriedC.satisfiedD.surprised

()2.A.neverB.almostC.hardlyD.simply

()3.A.modemB.children'sC.promisingD.nearest

()4.A.thatB.asC.ifD.asthough

()5.A.hurryB.happyC.sadD.calm

()6.A.stopB.loseC.spareD.miss

()7.A.brokenB.lostC.openD.closed

()8.A.hearB.touchC.findD.feel

()9.A.howeverB.soC.butD.ontheotherhand

()10.A.dangerousB.lateC.carelessD.quick

()11.A.whatB.whereC.whoD.how

()12.A.pleasureB.angerC.fearD.surprise

()13.A.cryingB.breathingC.smilingD.speaking

()14.A.mustB.mayC.canD.should

()15.A.soB.onlyC.hardlyD.nearly

(完形填空答案:A篇AADCDBACCB

B篇

DABDABCCAB

c篇

CBDBACBADDAB

D篇

CABDA

篇DADCABCDBC

E

BCDBABDABBDCBAD)

中考英語(yǔ)首字母填空解題攻略

無(wú)錫市近五年中考試卷首字母填空考查要點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì):

年份名詞動(dòng)詞形容詞副詞代詞連詞/介詞感嘆詞情態(tài)

(分值)連接詞動(dòng)詞

07(6分)

08(6分)Wqq

09(6分)q

10(6分)W

11(6分)

從表中我們很容易看出,首字母填空考查的重點(diǎn)詞匯主要是:名詞、動(dòng)詞、形

容詞、副詞和代詞這幾大詞類(lèi)(實(shí)詞),所以在平時(shí)地訓(xùn)練中,我們更應(yīng)注重這些

重要詞匯的把握,且要記住“詞不離句,句不離篇”。所以我們要把訓(xùn)練從單一的

單詞運(yùn)用,拓展至句中成分的充當(dāng),語(yǔ)篇邏輯的理解,步步深入,融匯貫通。

四、解題策略

如何提高首字母填空的解題能力的確值得我們思考,僅僅以大量的練習(xí)不不能

根本解決問(wèn)題。我們應(yīng)該指導(dǎo)考生通過(guò)一些行之有效的解題策略來(lái)切實(shí)提高解題能

力。

一、通讀全文,把握大意

在做首字母填空這類(lèi)題時(shí),首先要求考生對(duì)文章內(nèi)容有一個(gè)總體的把握。要求

考生通讀首字母填空的短文,跳過(guò)空格快速閱讀,了解全篇的主要內(nèi)容。在閱讀過(guò)

程中,特別要重視文中的主題句。短文的主題句往往在每段文章的首句,有時(shí)也出

現(xiàn)在文章的中間或結(jié)束出。這是深入了解全文的窗口。我們甚至能以主題句為立足

點(diǎn),從該句的事態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣推測(cè)全文的主要內(nèi)容。

二、熟記搭配,注重語(yǔ)境

短語(yǔ)經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)在首字母填空的考題中,所以平時(shí)我們要讓學(xué)生注意詞組、短

語(yǔ)的整體記憶,掌握它們的搭配規(guī)律。同時(shí)考生要利用語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行聯(lián)想,利用上下文

的提示,用所學(xué)的知識(shí)和已有的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn),掃清部分詞匯理解上的障礙。

例如:Inmanyw(5),itwasagreatsuccess.AtthisExpo,32countries

showedtheirbestgoodsandinventions.(2010年無(wú)錫市保留原題號(hào))

【簡(jiǎn)析】根據(jù)上下文,這是對(duì)1851年倫敦世博會(huì)的描述,而這里很明顯是對(duì)

固定短語(yǔ)的考查,故該題的正確答案為:ways

三、關(guān)注語(yǔ)法,合乎邏輯

語(yǔ)法知識(shí)對(duì)于做好首字母非常重要。詞匯根據(jù)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則,剖析結(jié)構(gòu),判斷所需的

詞是什么詞類(lèi)并確定自己各自的位置。如介詞后面的代詞必然是賓格;物質(zhì)名詞一

般不用復(fù)數(shù);形容詞必須放在不定代詞后等等。另外在根據(jù)文中意義決定填的詞之

后,還要注意使用它的正確形式,如形容詞、副詞要注意比較級(jí)最高級(jí)等。

例如:Wecanonlyhopethattheywillremain.Thecountrysidewouldbeasadderand

u(12)placewithoutthem.(2008年無(wú)錫市保留原題號(hào))

【簡(jiǎn)析】根據(jù)上下文意思,此處應(yīng)該填單詞ugly,然后考慮到語(yǔ)法我們應(yīng)該比

較級(jí),故該題的正確答案為:uglier.

四、理解內(nèi)涵,整體判斷

在做首字母填空的過(guò)程中,千萬(wàn)不能把單詞和句子、語(yǔ)篇分離出來(lái)。我們應(yīng)該

指導(dǎo)學(xué)生根據(jù)全文的整體意義,上下文隱含的涵義,作者的情感、立場(chǎng)、文章所處

的文化氛圍等各個(gè)方面來(lái)考慮問(wèn)題,并作出正確的判斷。

例如:InsomecountriesinwesternEurope,suchasFrance.BeliumandBritain,the

countrysideisc(I).(2008年無(wú)錫市保留原題號(hào))

【簡(jiǎn)析】此題并非一下就能得出答案,而應(yīng)在通讀全文,理解文章內(nèi)涵之后

才能知道作者在這里所表達(dá)的意思是鄉(xiāng)村在變化。

故該題的正確答案:changing.

五、通讀全文,避免疏漏

首字母填空完成之后,考生應(yīng)該通讀全文,一方面仔細(xì)檢查每個(gè)空格是否有筆

誤和疏漏的地方,另一方面仍需從整體上對(duì)文章進(jìn)行理解,檢查所填單詞是否符合

邏輯、語(yǔ)法及上下文情景,從而進(jìn)一步提高首字母填空的正確率。

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練

A

Hieveryone,I'vebeeninXuzhouforoveraweeknow.I'mhavingag56time.Duringthe

firstf57daysIvisitedsometouristattractions—YunlongLake,YunlongHill,GuishanHan

Tomb(漢墓),etc.Mostp58werecrowdedwithtourists,soyesterdayIwentshoppingandIb

59somesouvenirs.TodayIwenttoaninterestingartgallery.Igotlostonmyw60backtothe

hotel,butitdidn'tmatter-Ifoundareallygoodmarketw61lotsofsmallshops.Iateinthe

hotelthefirstnight,butusuallyIgooutandhavedinnerinarestaurantb62thefoodisfantastic.

Fves63alotofmoney,butit'scertainlyworthit.IlikepeopleinXuzhou.Theyares64nice

people!I'vetakenmanyphotossoyou'llbeabletoseef65yourselfwhenIcomebackhome

nextWednesday.Seeyouthen!

(2011年徐州保留原題號(hào))

(參考答案:56.great57.five58.places59.bought60.way61.with

62.because63.spent64.such65.for)

B

Asweknow,museumsarebuildingswheremanyvaluableandimportantobjectsarekeptso

thatpeoplecangoandseethem.Forexample,artmuseumsareplaceswherepeoplecanlearnabout

v_72_cultures.Moreandmorepopular4tdesignmuseums“thatareopeningtoday,however,

performquiteadifferentrole.U_73_mostartmuseums,thedesignmuseumshowsobjectsthatare

easilyfoundinourdailylife,suchasfridgesandwashingmachines.

Thea_74_ofdesignmuseumsisthattheyareplaceswherepeoplefeelfamiliarwiththe

Exhibits(展品).Beingdifferentfromtheartmuseumvisitors,designmuseumvisitorss_75—feel

frightenedorpuzzled.Thisispartlybecausedesignmuseumsclearlyshowhowandwhy

mass-products(批量產(chǎn)品)workandlookastheydo,andhowdesignhasi_76_thequalityofour

lives.Artmuseumexhibits,ontheotherhand,wouldmostprobablyfillvisitorswithafeelingthat

thereissomethingb_77_theirunderstanding.

Severalnewdesignmuseumshaveopenedtheirdoorsinr_78—years.Eachofthesemuseums

hastriedtosatisfy。茵足)thepublic'sgrowinginterestinthefieldwithnewi_79_.

London\DesignMuseum,forexample,showsacollectionofmass-producedobjectsfromelectric

typewriterstoagroupofItalianfish-tins.Thechoicesopentodesignmuseumsseemf_80_less

strictthanthosetoartmuseums,andvisitorsmayalsosense(感覺(jué)至U)thehumorouspartofour

societywhilewalkingaroundsuchexhibitsasinterestingandunusuallyattractivetoysc_81—from

oureverydaylife.

(2011年南京保留原題號(hào))

(參考答案:72.various73.Unlike74.advantage75.seldom76.improved

77.beyond78.recent79.ideas80.far81.collected)

c

Mostpeopleloveanimals.Wethinkthatanimalsaregood(66)fofhumans.But,infact,

alargenumberofanimals,especiallywildones,arein(67)dnowmainlybecauseof

humans.Ifwedonot(68)tactionnow,wewillhavenoanimalssoon.

Peoplearedestroyingainmals,naturalhabitatbycutting(69)dtreesorbuildinghouses.

Atthesametime,manyoftheanimals5living(70)aarebecomingfarmlandas

wehavetofeeda1argerpopulationoftheworld.Besides,peoplehuntanimalsfortheirfurorother

usefulthings.Asaresultofthepollutionthathumanshavecaused,someanimalscannot(71)

1anormallifeanymore.

Wemusttryourbestto(72)panimalsrightnow.Rememberthatitiseveryone's(73)

dtodoso.Weshouldwritetonewspapersandmagazinesand(74)teveryone

abouttheseproblems.We

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