2023年英語(yǔ)中考專(zhuān)項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)課件 介詞

Preposition介詞Lookatthispicture,whatcanyousee?Therearesomeapplesonthetree.Thereisabirdinthetree.Therearesomestrawberriesandflowersunderthetree.一、定義介詞是一種用來(lái)表示:詞與詞,詞與句之間的關(guān)系的詞，

在句中不能單獨(dú)作句子成分。二、分類(lèi)

時(shí)間介詞

方位介詞

方式介詞

其他介詞（方法、原因、目的）介詞Preposition的講解介詞1時(shí)間介詞in年、月、季節(jié)及時(shí)間段（早、午、晚）on具體某一天，星期、節(jié)日at表示具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)、①

inthemorning/afternoon/evening

②

onMonday

inJanuary/February

onJanuaryfifth

inSpring

on

ChristmasDay

in

2008

onNewYear'sDay

in2days/weeks/years

onSundaymorning

③

at4:30

at

noon

at

Christmas1)in,on,atLet'stry!

1.

My

grandfather

was

born____Oct.

10,

1935.

A.

on

B.

in

C.

at

D.

of

2.

The

train

is

starting___five

minutes.

A.

in

B.

at

C.

for

D.still

3.

Mike

does

his

exercises

____

seven

_____

the

evening.

A.

on;

to

B.

at;

in

C.

by;

of

D.

at;

on

4.

Children

get

gifts

___

Christmas

and

__

their

birthdays.

A.

on;

on

B.

at;

on

C.

in;

in

D.

in;

on

5.There

is

nothing

____tomorrow

afternoon,

is

there?

-----No.

We

can

have

a

game

of

table

tennis.

A.

on

B.

in

C.

out

D.

up2).during/in1.兩者均可表示一段時(shí)間，有時(shí)可互換：如：I’llbeonholidayin[during]January.Hewokeupthreetimesin[during]thenight.2.during更強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的延續(xù)，in只是指一般性的某一時(shí)間。

IwenttoseemygrandparentsduringmystayinGuilin.from從某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)開(kāi)始fromnowon

from…

to…since自…以后，自…以來(lái)后接過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或一段時(shí)間+ago

since5yearsagofor表示動(dòng)作的延續(xù)，后加一段時(shí)間foralongtime1.Hecamehere__1992,andhehaslivedhere___1992.A.in,forB.in,sinceC.since,since2.IhaveknownLiLei__overfiveyears.A.inB.sinceC.for3)from,since,forin用于將來(lái)時(shí),后接時(shí)間段,用Howsoon提問(wèn)。

after用于將來(lái)時(shí),后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)。

after用于過(guò)去時(shí),

后接時(shí)間段。

Hewillbebackintwoweeks.

Shewillbuythecar

after

shegetthemoney.Hereturnedafteramonth.4).in,afterby“到……為止”

。by+將來(lái)時(shí)間，用于將來(lái)時(shí)；

by+過(guò)去時(shí)間，用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

before“在……之前”。You'dbettercomebackby9'oclock.Hehadfinishedhomeworkbyteno'clockthismorning.IwillfinishhomeworkbeforeMonday.5.by,beforeExercise1.We'llleaveforShanghaitomorrow.We'llbeback____twoweeks.A.afterB.atC.in

D.on

2._____Sundaymorning,Iusuallyeatbreakfast____seveno'clock.A.On;atB.On;inC.In;atD.In;on

Exercise3.Herbirthdayis__winter,themostbeautifulseasoninayear.

A.inB.atC.onD.for4.-WhenisJay'sconcert(音樂(lè)會(huì))?

-It's__threeo'clock__theafternoonofJuly18th.

A.at,inB.at,on

C.on,in

D.in,on

5.Theyarrived__Shanghai____acoldmoning.A.in,inB.in,onC.at,onD.at,in

6.Heoftengoestobedearly___schooldays.

A.inB.onC.atD.with7.Mr.BlackcametoChina____June15th.ButMrs.Blackcamehere_____July.

A.on;onB.in;inC.on;inD.in,on8.TheDragonBoatFestivalis______thefifthdayofMayonthelunarcalendar.A.inB.onC.atD.by

9.___Sundaymorning,hecleanedhisroom.____theaftenoon,hedidhishomework___night,hewatchedOlympicGames.A.On;On;OnB.On;In;InC.On;In;AtD.In;In;At10.Mr.Brownarrivedattheairport___5o'clock____theeveningofSaturdayA.in,onB.on;inC.at;onD.at,in2地點(diǎn)介詞①at一般指小地方(建筑物、街道、車(chē)站、機(jī)場(chǎng))

athome

atschoolatthestation

Thatmanisstandingatthebusstop.

②in一般指大地方或某個(gè)范圍之內(nèi)(國(guó)家、城市、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn))；

inthefactory,inacar,inthebox

inthecenterof/inthemiddleof...③on往往表示“在某個(gè)物體的表面”。

Thereisabookandalamponthedesk.

onthebus/thetrain/thesubway

on+門(mén)牌，某層樓1.

in,on,at

in：表示“在某一范圍之內(nèi)，在……中”；on：表示兩個(gè)不同的個(gè)體相鄰或接壤，即“毗鄰；接壤”；：to;則表示兩個(gè)個(gè)體之間有一段距離。如：Japanlies/istotheeastofChina.Changchunlies/isinnorthofChinaRussialies/isonthenorthofChina.注：be

/lie+in/on/to★表示地理位置的幾種介詞用法Changchun2.in/on/toover/on和above都可表示“在…上面”,但具體含義不同。Over

在某物的正上方,不接觸，其反義詞是under;Above高于某物,但不一定在正上方,不接觸，其反義詞是below;On指兩個(gè)物體表面接觸,一個(gè)在另一個(gè)的上面。如：Thereisabridgeovertheriver.

Weflewabovetheclouds.

Theyputsomeflowersontheteacher‘sdesk.

3.over/above/on★常見(jiàn)的方位介詞acrossthrough

across是指從表面穿過(guò)

through則是指從物體內(nèi)部穿過(guò)①Weshouldgoacrosstheroadcarefully.②Threemenwentthroughtheforestyesterday.穿過(guò)4.across/through1.Thereisabridge______theriver.2.Thereisapen______thebook.3.Ittooktheman2monthstowalk______thedesert.4.Thethirdflooris______thesixthfloor.5.Thesixthflooris______thethirdfloor.riverbridge讓我們思考一下throughoverbelowaboveunderbetween...and

infrontofnextto/besidebehindopposite5常見(jiàn)的方位介詞inthefrontofAB1.Milliesits____________me.2.Amysits_________Millie______Simon.3.Kittysits_____________Sandy.4.Kittysits__________Simon.5.Thewindowis________thedoor.6.Thechalkis___theteacher’sdesk.infrontofbetweenandnextto/besidebehindoppositeonDanielsays

over表示從物體上方經(jīng)過(guò)、越過(guò)

。past表示從旁邊經(jīng)過(guò)。Wemustgooverthemountain.Ioftenwalkpasttheshopafterschool.6.over/pastbetween指兩者之間。among指三者或三者以上的人或事物之間。7.between/among3方式介詞1)in

用材料、語(yǔ)言、方式inthiswayinChinesebemadein

metal2)

with

一般后跟具體的工具

withchopstickswithoureyeswiththemoney3)by

用方式、方法、手段

bysendinge-mailsBy+交通方式：

bycar/bus/plane/trian交通工具前有冠詞、物主代詞等修飾，介詞用“on/in”

inmycaronmybikeonthebus

4)On

以...方式(主要是通訊)

onthephone/radio4其他介詞1)

like

意為像...一樣2)

as

作為3)

for

表示動(dòng)作或活動(dòng)的目的、目標(biāo)或意圖4)of

表示所屬關(guān)系，意為...的，屬于...的5)

with

表示伴隨，意為和...一起Hetalkstomelikeateacher.

Lilywentout

forawalkjustnow.Heisfamous

as

asinger.Thisisamap

of

China.

Ioftenplaywithmybrother介詞+名詞atbirthatfirstatlastatoncebytrainbymistakeinadvanceinawordinfactinpersoninpubliconfootonpurposeonsaleontimeonbusiness介詞短語(yǔ)與固定搭配

動(dòng)詞+介詞hearfromlearnfromprotect…fromseparate…frombreakdownfalldowmturndowmbelongtoleadtoagreewithcompetewithconnectwith形容詞+介詞begood/poorat,beusedto,bepleasedwith,beusedto,besurprisedat,,bebadfor,beinterestedin,beproudofbebusywith,befondof,bereadyfor,befullof,bedifferentfromberesponsiblefor,beproudof,beangrywithbefamousfor,beafraidof,