2019年中考英語閱讀理解真題匯編60篇(帶詳細答案)

2019年中考英語閱讀理解真題匯編

（帶詳細解析過程）

（名師精講解題方法與技巧+實戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練，建議下載練習(xí)）

【考點分析】

閱讀理解旨在考查學(xué)生閱讀、理解的能力。近幾年來，中考英語題中的閱讀

理解材料新穎，題材豐富，考查學(xué)生綜合推斷能力、根據(jù)語篇猜單詞意思的能力

的力度加大，考查學(xué)生關(guān)注細節(jié)的能力占很大部分。所以學(xué)生往往要么沒能正確

理解語篇中某些句子的意思，在細節(jié)題上丟分，要么就是對語篇的整體把握不夠，

在綜合題或者推斷題方面丟分。那么到底怎么做好閱讀理解這一題型呢？

一、解題思路

（一）先讀問題，弄清考查要點，以便能帶著問題看文章，這樣會心中有數(shù)，有

的放矢。

（二）快速瀏覽全文，掌握全貌，注意發(fā)現(xiàn)與問題有關(guān)的信息，如果時間緊，至

少要掃視一下起首段和尾段。再把標題和文章內(nèi)容結(jié)合起來想一想，這樣全文大

意便清楚了。此時，不要忙于答題。

（三）細讀原文，捕捉相關(guān)信息詞，掌握短文細節(jié)內(nèi)容。這是解題的關(guān)鍵，應(yīng)特

別注意以下幾點：

1.抓住四個"W"和一個"H",就是邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標記，把What（事件），When

（時間），Where（地點），Why（原因），How（經(jīng)過）劃出來。抓住了四個“W”

和一個“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的問題便可解決。

2.抓住連接詞及起關(guān)鍵作用的副詞、代詞、介詞、插入語等。因為這些詞具有因

果，讓步，遞進，轉(zhuǎn)折，指代，列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功能。

這對考生分清文章層次，辨明各種關(guān)系，了解人物心理，推斷作者意圖，進行邏

輯推理等手段來分析難點，都具有舉足輕重的作用。

3.注意領(lǐng)會文章的寓意。

4.根據(jù)題意，初選答案。這一步須仔細審題，領(lǐng)會測試要求，確定解題方法。

對那些明顯的，有把握的題可以斷然確定，不必把其余三個答案再作推敲而浪費

時間：有些略難的題，應(yīng)再查閱短文（不是重讀一遍），迅速找出依據(jù)，予以排

除。常用的解題方法有如下幾種：

①直接解題法。即從原文中直接找出答案。

②歸納解題法。對于不能從原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和線索

的前題下進行概括、歸納得出正確答案。

③綜合推理法。讀者需統(tǒng)觀全文，認真分析，綜合推理及至計算，最后歸納出

正確答案。

題干中有"suggest,conclude,conclusion,probably,reason,because,

accordingto”等字眼時，屬于推斷概括型，考查內(nèi)容著眼于全篇，考生應(yīng)具備一定

的分析歸納，推理等邏輯思維能力。

④捕捉關(guān)鍵詞。在閱讀時應(yīng)該注意與問題相關(guān)的同義詞，近義詞，反義詞或

同位詞等信息詞來得出正確答案。

⑤轉(zhuǎn)換解題法。即原文這么說，而在問題和所給選項中則用另外的詞去轉(zhuǎn)換

一種說法，但仍表示同一含義。

⑥排除法。根據(jù)語言，句法結(jié)構(gòu)，信息詞和常識，在沒有把握的選項中用排

除法得出正確答案。

四、重讀原文，仔細斟酌核對答案。在解完最后一道題后，如果時間允許，再將

原文讀一遍；用全文的主題思想統(tǒng)率各思考題，研究其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系，目

的在于對所做答案進一步審查，推出未解答的題，以便減少失誤。

真題實戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練

專項訓(xùn)練一人物故事

時間：8?10分鐘/篇分值：2分/小題

Passage1(2018黃岡)

Oneday,Mr.Liwasreadingabookinhisofficeafterschool.Tohissurprise,aballflew

insuddenlyandhurthimonthehead.Hetooktheballtothewindow,butheonlysawagroup

ofboystudentsrunningawayquicklyanddisappearinginaminute.Hesatdownagainand

continuedhisreading.Asitgotdark,itwastimeforhimtoleaveforhome.Lookingattheball,

hewonderedwhattodowithit.Heknewtheowneroftheballmustbenearbyandwishedto

getitback.Hewentdownstairsandwalkedtotheplayground.Itwasatthecenterofthe

playgroundthatheplacedtheballwithapieceofpaper,onwhichhewrote"Becarefulnext

time!Thenhewalkedaway.

Thenextmorning,asMr.Liopenedtheofficedoor,hefoundthesamepieceofpaperon

thefloor.Somewordswereaddedafterhiswords:"Thankyouforyourkindness.Anyway,you

areacleverfellow.^^

()1.WhathappenedwhileMr.Liwasreadinginhisoffice?

A.Thewindowwasbrokenbyaball.

B.Aballhurthimonthehead.

C.Aballhitthewindow.

D.Thedoorwasbrokenbyaball.

()2.Whydidtheowneroftheballrunawayquickly?

A.HewasafraidofMr.Li.

B.Hewantedtogettheballback.

C.Hewantedtogohome.

D.Hewenttolookfortheball.

()3.HowdidMr.Lidealwiththeball?

A.Hetookithome.

B.Heputitinhisoffice.

C.Heputitbackontheplayground.

D.Hehadnoideaaboutit.

()4.Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat.

A.Mr.Liisinterestedinreading

B.Mr.Liistoohardonhisstudents

C.Mr.Liisgoodatplayingsports

D.Mr.Liisacleverteacherwithkindness

Passage2(2018安徽)

Whilemanyyoungpeoplewereenjoyingthesummervacation,ZachBonnerwas

workinghishardest.ZachstartedwalkingfromValrico,Florida,hishometown,onChristmas,

2009.HereachedLosAngelesninemonthslaterinSeptember,2010.Hecoveredatotalof2?

478milesandraised$120，000forkidsinneed.Alongtheway,Zachattendedschoolonline.

Hismother,brotherandsistertookturnstowalkordrivetogetherwithhim.

Althoughheisveryyoung,Zachhasalonghistoryofhelpingothers.Whenaterrible

stormhittownin2004,Zach,whensix,pulledawagon(小推車)throughhiscommunityand

collectedfoodforpeopleinneed.

Hehasraised$400<)00forhisLittleRedWagonFoundationsincethen.Itgivesmoney

toprojectswhichhelphomelesschildren.In2007,Zachbeganwalkingtosupportachildren's

charity(慈善組織)inTampa,Florida.Hefinishedhisjourney23dayslater,280milesawayin

Tallahassee.Theninthesummerof2009,hetrekkedabout670milesfromAtlantato

Washington,D.C.,injusttwomonths.

“Aslongastherearehomelesskids,Iwillneverstopwalkingforthem.^^Zachsays.

()1.WhatdidZachdoduringthesummervacationin2010?

A.Hestayedathometolookafterhisfamily.

B.Hetravelledtohishometownwithhisfamily.

C.Hejoinedinaschoolactivitywithotherkids.

D.Hewalkedtocollectmoneyforkidsinneed.

()2.WecanlearnfromParagraph2thatZach?

A.begantohelppeopleataveryearlyage

B.mademoneytopayforhiseducation

C.enjoyedplayingaroundinhiscommunity

D.workedveryhardforhisfamily

()3.AtwhatagedidZachstartwalkingtosupportaTampachildren'scharity?

A.Atsix.B.Atnine.C.Ateleven.D.Attwelve.

()4.Theunderlinedword“trekked"inParagraph3probablymeans"

A.延伸B.挖掘C.跋涉D.飛行

()5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesZach?

A.Friendlyandshy.B.Sillybutlovely.

C.Kindandhelpful.D.Cleverbutlazy.

Passage3(2018月匕京)

FromNobodytoSomebody

Brianwasafunnystudent.Helovedwatchingcomedies(喜劇)bestandhopedtobecome

acomedyactoroneday.

Whenheheardaboutthetalentshowtobeheldathisschool,Briandecidedtotakepartin.

Hehadneveractedonstage(舞臺)before,andhewasveryexcited.Butsomestudentslaughed

athim."YouarenotfunnybutsillyKen,oneofhisclassmates,saidtohisface.t4Noonewill

likewhatyoudo，”anotherboyalsosaidtohim,loudly.

Briancouldn'tunderstandwhytheyweresounkindtohim.Foramoment,hethought

aboutgivinguptheshow.Butherememberedhowmuchhisfriendslikedhisjokes,andalso

histeacherssaidhewasveryfunny.Sohedecidedtopreparefortheshow.

Briandidagreatjobatthetalentshow.Everyonelovedhisperformance,andhewonthe

firstprize!Histeachersandfriendswereproudofhim.Evenso,KentoldBrianthathewasnot

funny,andthathewouldneverbesuccessful.Briandidn'tunderstandwhyKensaidso,buthe

realizedthatithadnothingtodowithhim.Heconfidentlycontinuedtoworktowardshisgoal.

Astheyearswenton,BrianmetmorepeoplelikeKen."You'lldoaterriblejob?"they

saidtohim.Luckily,mostpeopleencouragedhimandsomehelpedhimtobecomeeven

funnier.Hegotalotofopportunitiestoperforminmovies.Hewaseveninvitedtoappearon

television.Hisfansthankedhimbecausehiscomediesmadethemfeelgoodwhentheywere

unhappy.

NowBrianisabigcomedystar!Heisdoingwhathelovesbest.Heneverfeelsstressed

likethoseunkindpeople,andhelaughsalldaylong!

（）1.WhatdidBrianlovebestwhenhewasastudent?

A.Goingtoschool.B.Helpingclassmates.

C.Watchingcomedies.D.Meetingnewfriends.

（）2.Briandecidedtopreparefortheshowbecause.

A.hisfriendslikedhisjokes

B.hewasinvitedbyaTVstation

C.hewasn'tbusyactinginmovies

D.Kenwasexpectinghisperformance

（）3.Afterwinningthefirstprize,Brian.

A.begantounderstandKen

B.becameateacherofacting

C.encouragedotherstojoinhim

D.continuedtoworktowardshisgoal

（）4.Brian'sfansthankedhimbecausehiscomediesbroughtthem.

A.successB.happinessC.luckD.pride

Passage4（2018東營）

Wehaveheardaboutpeoplewhohavespecialmemories.Recentlytherehasbeenareport

aboutawomanfromAustraliawhocanrememberalmosteverydetail（細節(jié)）ofalltheevents

inherdailylife.

RebeccaSharrock,25,isoneofjust80peopleworldwidewhohavebeenindentified（確

定）ashavingHighlySuperiorAutobiographicalMemory（HSAM?超級自傳體記憶癥）.It

meansshecanremembereverysmallevent—whichmostpeoplewouldforgetwithin（在...

以內(nèi)）days—asifithadhappenedjustminutesago.

“Iremembermymumputtingmeinthedriver'sseatofacarandtakingapictureofme

whenIwas12daysold，”shesaid."That'smyearliestmemory.Iremembereverydaysince

then.Ican'ttellallthedatesexactlybecauseIwastooyoungtounderstandcalendars,butI

rememberwhatIdidthatveryday,whattheweatherwaslikeandsoon.^^

Rebeccacanalsore-experiencetaste.Ifshe'seatingsomethingthatshedoesn'tlike,she

thinksaboutBlackForestcake,herfavoritefood,andthememorywillbesostrongthatshe

cannearly“taste"it.

However,sometimeshermemoriesprove(證明)tobepainful.Becausethey'renotjust

eventsthatsheremembers."WhenIrelive(再體驗)memories,thefeelingsreturn,too，"

Rebeccasaid/Torexample,IrememberfallingoverwhenIwasthreeatmygrandparents*

houseandhurtingmyleftknee.Talkingaboutitnow,Ifeelpainfulinmyleftknee.”

“Atnight,Ihavetosleepwiththeradio/recorderandasoftlighton?”sheadded."Ifit's

toodarkorquiet,mymindwouldbefilledwithallthesememoriesand1can'tsleep.^^

()1.WhichisNOTTRUEaboutRebecca?

A.Shehasspecialmemories.

B.SheisfromAustralia.

C.Sheis25yearsold.

D.Shecanremembereverydetailofalltheevents.

()2.WhathappenedtoRebeccaonthedaywhenshewas3yearsold?

A.ShewasidentifiedashavingHSAM.

B.Hermotherputherinacarandtookapictureofher.

C.Shestartedtounderstandcalendars.

D.Shehurtherleftkneeathergrandparents*.

()3.Wheneversheisrelivinghermemories,.

A.sheishappy

B.sheexperiencesthefeelingsagain

C.shefeelspaininherknees

D.shecantasteherfavoritefood

()4.WhatistheresultofhavingHSAM?

A.Shecanremembereveryeventinherdailylife.

B.Shecanre-experiencetaste.

C.Shecanrelivefeelings.

D.Alltheabove.

（）5.Fromthepassage,wecaninfer（推斷）that

A.HSAMcandohergood,butitalsobringsherpain

B.shefeelspainfulifsherecallsherexperiences

C.shecanfallasleepwhilesheisre-experiencingmemories

D.HSAMcangreatlyimproveherlivingconditions

Passage5（2018江西）

CarltonJosephisafashiondesigner（月艮裝設(shè)計師），butnotjustanyfashiondesigner.He

appearsontelevision,hewritesbooks,andheownshisownfashionhouse.

Bornin1980,Carltonstarteddesigningclotheswhenhewaseleven.Hisfatherowneda

clothesstore,andCarltonusedtoworkthereattheweekend.Thenhedidadesigncourseat

college.

Whenhewas21,someonesuggesteddoingaTVprogram.Hemadehisfirstshow

“Carlton'sClothes^^in2004,andhewrotehisfirstbookinthesameyear.Sincethenhehas

writtenfourmore.CarltongotmarriedtoTVproducerSusanMillsin2005.

Threemonthsago,Carltonstartedhisnewcompany.Hecalledit“Design:Carlton”.

AtworkCarltonalwayswearsblacktrousersandablackcoat,butathome,orwhenhe

goesout,hewearsclotheswithbrightcolors（red,blueandyellow）.Heisespeciallycrazy

aboutnewglasses,hebuysanewpaireveryfewweeks."Iliketolookdifferenteveryday，"

hesays.

Carltonstartedwearingglasseswhenhewastwelve.Hedyed（給染色）hishairred

whenhewas18.Itisstillred,andthisyear,fbrthefirsttime,hehasgrownabeard."Mywife

likesit^thafswhy“ishisexplanation.Buthisbeardisblack!

（）1.HowoldwasCarltonwhenhewrotehisfirstbook?

A.11.B.21.C.24.D.25.

)2.Whatdoestheunderlinedworduit,5referto?

A.Carlton'shair.B.Carlton'sbeard.

C.Carlton'scoat.D.Carlton'scompany.

()3.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph5?

A.Carltonlikestolookdifferent.

B.Carltonisahardworkingperson.

C.Carltoniscrazyaboutnewglasses.

D.Carltonloveswearingcolorfulclothes.

()4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Carltonisjustacommonfashiondesigner.

B.Carltonstartedhisnewfashioncompanyin2005.

C.CarltonmadehisfirstshowafterhegotmarriedtoSusan.

D.Carltongotsomedesignexperiencebeforegoingtocollege.

Passage6(2018無錫)

ThisyeartheUSwillhonour償己念)oneofthecountry'smostfamouswriters——Mark

Twain(1835-1910).MostreadersknowthathisrealnamewasSamuelLonghomeClemens,

buthowmanyknowwherethepenname“MarkTwain“camefrom?

TheanswershowsClemens1colourfulearlylifebeforehebecameawriter."MarkTwain”

wasthecryshoutedonashipwhentheshipenteredapartofariverthatwastwofathoms(6

fbet)deep."Twain“isanold-fashionedwayofsaying"two”.Twaintrainedasashippiloton

theMississippiriverfortwoyears,atimethathewroteaboutinthehumorousLifeonthe

Mississippi^1883).

Thefamousriverwouldbecomeanimportantthemeinmanyofhisworks-whocould

forgetthejourneyofHuckandJimalongitinhismostfamousbook,TheAdventuresof

HuckleberryFinn(1884)?

Withlittleeducation,hehadtoteachhimselfhowtowritestories.Wheneverpossible,he

wouldgotopubliclibraries.Therehespentmuchtimereadingandthinking,whichgreatly

helpedhimwithhiswriting.

Ontheotherhand,hislifeexperiencesgavehimwonderfulmaterialtowriteaboutand

attractreaders.Twainwroteinastylethathasbeencalled"localcolour^^becauseitshows

greatknowledgeoflocalpeopleandtheircustoms.

ThisgiftisveryclearinthetwobooksforwhichTwainisstillcelebratedtoday：The

AdventuresofTomSawyer(1876)anditsfollow-upTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn,

whichmanypeoplecall“TheGreatAmericanNover.

ThemostamazinginventioninthebookisthevoiceofHuckhimself.Huckdidnotenjoy

schooling.Itshowsinthewayheuseslanguage,inaspokenstyle.OnlyamasterlikeTwain

couldcopythewayayoungsouthernboytalkedsowell.

()1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gift”meaninthepassage?

A.Twain'stalentforself-teaching.

B.Twain's"localcolour“writingstyle.

C.Twain'sgoodsenseofhumour.

D.Twain'sexperiencesasashippilot.

()2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthebestpartofTheAdventuresofHuckleberry

Finn?

A.Thedeepsocialmeaning.

B.Theexcitinglifeexperiences.

C.ThespecialwaythatHucktalks.

D.TheniceviewoftheMississippi.

()3.Whichisthemostsuitableplaceinthepassageforthesentence,"Twaindidnot

comefromthewriter'sbackgroundyoumightexpect.^^?

A.AtthebeginningofParagraph2.

B.AtthebeginningofParagraph3.

C.AtthebeginningofParagraph4.

D.AtthebeginningofParagraph5.

()4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.MarkTwain'scareerasagreatwriter.

B.MarkTwain'sinterestindescribinglocallife.

C.MarkTwain'sachievementsinAmericanliteraturefield.

D.MarkTwain'slifeexperienceswhichinfluencedhiswriting.

Passage7(2018南京)

RachelCarson（1907-1964）wasapioneeroftheworld'senvironmentalmovementthrough

herwritingabouttheprotectionofthenaturalworld.Her1962bookSilentSpringmadeher

wellknownbymanypeople.Itdescribestheharmfulchangesintheenvironmentofusing

toxic（有害的）chemicalsonfarmland.

Carson'scareerstartedasabiologistintheUSBureauofFisheries.In1951shepublished

herfirstbook,TheSeaAroundUs,whichbecameabestseller.Itmadeherrichenoughtoleave

herjobanddevoteherlifetowriting.Shewasagiftedwriter.Hernexttwobookswerealso

abouttheoceansandbothtoppedthebooksaleslists.

Carson*sbookSilentSpringcompletelychangedthewayAmericathoughtaboutnature.It

paintedableak（荒涼的）futureforthewholenaturalworld.Itledtoanationwideban（禁止）on

theuseofadeadlychemicalcalledDDT,andothertoxicpesticides（農(nóng)藥）thatfarmersusedfor

theircrops.ManypeoplesaythebookledtothecreationofAmerica'sEnvironmental

ProtectionAgency.

Sinceherdeath,Carson'snamehascontinuedtobeconnectedwithprotectingthe

environment.ThereisnowayearlyRachelCarsonBookPrize.NorwayawardstheRachel

CarsonPrizetowomenwhohavemadegreatcontributionstothefieldofenvironmental

protection.In1980,16yearsafterherdeath,shewasawardedthePresidentialMedalof

Freedom,thehighestcivilianhonourinAmerica.

（）1.WhathappenedtoRachelCarsonin1962?

A.Shestartedtowritebooks.

B.Shegaveupworkingasabiologist.

C.HerbookTheSeaAroundUssoldwell.

D.HerbookSilentSpringmadeherfamous.

（）2.WhatmostprobablymadeRachelCarsonleaveherjob?

A.Shegotanaward.

B.ShepublishedSilentSpring.

C.TheSeaAroundUsbroughtherenoughmoney.

D.TheUSgovernmenttooknoticeofherresearches.

()3.WhyisthebookSilentSpringimportanttoAmerica'senvironmentalprotection?

A.Itdescribesasilentspring.

B.Ittoppedthebooksaleslists.

C.ItchangedhowAmericathoughtaboutnature.

D.ItincludesallCarson'sresearchachievements.

()4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword64It^^inParagraph3mean?

A.ThebookSilentSpring.

B.ThewayAmericathought.

C.TheUSBureauofFisheries.

D.America'sEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.

()5.WhywasRachelCarsonawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedom?

A.ShepublishedthebookSilentSpring.

B.ShedidalotofresearchesfortheUSBureauofFisheries.

C.ShedonatedmuchmoneytotheRachelCarsonBookPrize.

D.Shemadegreatcontributionstotheenvironmentalprotection.

參考答案

專項訓(xùn)練一人物故事

Passage1【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。李老師在辦公室被飛進來的球砸到，他以留

紙條的方式將球歸還給犯錯的學(xué)生。這說明李老師既聰明又善良。

1.B

2.A

3.C

4.D

Passage2【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。Zach是個樂于助人的年輕人，從很小的時候

就開始幫助別人。現(xiàn)在他通過徒步的方式籌款，幫助無家可歸的孩子們。

1.D

2.A

3.B

4.C

5.C

Passage3【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了布萊恩喜歡喜劇并立志成為喜劇演員，

但他的夢想?yún)s被同學(xué)嘲笑。他不忘初心，抓住機會；堅持夢想，獲得成功。

1.C2.A3.D4.B

Passage4【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了傳奇人物麗貝卡?夏洛克的故事。她

能記住日常生活中所有事件的細節(jié)，但這種超常的記憶力給她帶來的并不都是甜蜜。

1.D2.D3.B4.D5,A

Passage5【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了與眾不同的服裝設(shè)計師CarltonJoseph

的故事。

1.C【解析】數(shù)字計算題。題干意為：當(dāng)Carlton寫第一本書的時候他多少歲了？根據(jù)第

三段的“...in2004,andhewrotehisfirstbookinthesameyear.”可知，他2004年寫了第一本

書。又根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，他出生于1980年。因此他寫第一本書時是24歲。故選

Co

2.B【解析】代詞指代題。題干意為：劃線單詞“it”指的是什么？根據(jù)最后一段的“…h(huán)ehas

grownabeard.6Mywifelikesit..."'可知?it指代Carlton的胡子。故選B。

3.A【解析】段落大意題。題干意為：第五段的主旨大意是什么？第五段通過敘述Carlton

的穿著和對眼鏡的癡迷來敘述Carlton喜歡看起來與眾不同。故選A。

4.D【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：根據(jù)短文，下面哪一項是正確的？根據(jù)第二段

”...Carltonstarteddesigning...atcollege.“可知，他在上大學(xué)前就有服裝設(shè)計經(jīng)驗了。故選D。

Passage6【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了美國偉大的作家馬克?吐溫的生活

經(jīng)歷。而這種經(jīng)歷深深地影響了他的作品，為他的作品打上了“地方色彩'’的烙印。

1.B【解析】詞義猜測題。題干意為：本文中，劃線詞“gift”意思是什么？上一段主要說

明了馬克?吐溫作品的“l(fā)ocalcolour"＞而"Thisgiftisveryclear...”是承接上一段，所以gift

應(yīng)是指localcolour.,故選Bo

2.C【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：根據(jù)短文，哪一個是《哈克貝利?費恩歷險記》最

精彩的部分？根據(jù)最后一段第一句"Themostamazinginventioninthebookisthevoiceof

Huckhimself.”可知選C。

3.C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：“Twaindidnotcomefromthewriter'sbackgroundyou

mightexpect.”最適合放在短文哪里？根據(jù)文章第四段第一句話可知，馬克吐溫幾乎沒有

受過教育，他是通過自學(xué)成才的，所以需要把這段話放到第四段開頭作為引文過渡銜接。

4.D【解析】主旨大意題。題干意為：本文主要講述了什么？縱觀全文，本文前兩段概

述了馬克.吐溫名字的來歷后五段敘述了馬克.吐溫的經(jīng)歷以及其這些經(jīng)歷對他的作品的

影響。實際上，馬克?吐溫名字的來歷也是其經(jīng)歷的一部分，所以本文主要概括了馬克?吐

溫的經(jīng)歷以及他的經(jīng)歷對其作品的影響。故選D。

Passage7【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了美國著名的海洋生物學(xué)家蕾切爾?卡遜

的生平事跡，她的作品《寂靜的春天》開啟了美國以至于全世界的環(huán)境保護事業(yè)，1980

年——她去世16年后，被追授“總統(tǒng)自由勛章”。

1.D【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在1962年蕾切爾?卡遜發(fā)生了什么事情？由文章第

一段第二句"Her1962bookSilentSpringmadeherwellknownbymanypeople.”可知，在

1962年，她的作品《寂靜的春天》使她出名。故選D。

2.C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：是什么最可能讓蕾切爾?卡遜放棄了她的工作？由

文章第二段第三句"Itmadeherrichenoughtoleaveherjobanddevoteherlifetowriting.“可

知，她的書給她帶來足夠的錢可以讓她專心寫作。故選C。

3.C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：為什么《寂靜的春天》對美國環(huán)境保護來說很重

要？由文章第三段第一句"CarsorfsbookSilentSpringcompletelychangedthewayAmerica

thoughtaboutnature.”可知，《寂靜的春天》完全改變了美國考慮自然的方式，所以它對美

國環(huán)境保護來說很重要。故選C。

4.A【解析】代詞指代題。題干意為：劃線單詞“It”在第三段指的是什么？由It前一句

“Carson'sbookSilentSpringcompletelychangedthewayAmericathoughtaboutnature.“可

知，It指代《寂靜的春天》這本書。故選A。

5.D【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：為什么蕾切爾?卡遜被授予“總統(tǒng)自由勛章”？從整

篇文章來看，蕾切爾?卡遜改變了美國考慮環(huán)境的方式，她抵制DDT等有害化學(xué)藥品，

為世界環(huán)境做出了非常巨大的貢獻，所以被授予“總統(tǒng)自由勛章”。故選D。

專項訓(xùn)練二教育故事

時間：8?10分鐘/篇分值：2分/小題

Passage1（2018隨州）

Yearsago,Ilivedinabuildinginalargecity.Thebuildingnextdoorwasonlyafewfeet

awayfrommine.Therewasawomanwholivedthere,whomIhadnevermet,yetIcouldsee

herseatedbyherwindoweachafternoon,sewingorreading.

Afterseveralmonthshadgoneby,Ibegantonoticethatherwindowwasdirty.Everything

wasunclearthroughthedirtywindow.Iwouldsaytomyself?"Iwonderwhythatwoman

doesn'twashherwindow.ltreallylooksterrible.^^

OnebrightmorningIdecidedtocleanmyflat,includingwashingthewindowonthe

inside.

LateintheafternoonwhenIfinishedthecleaning,Isatdownbythewindowwithacup

ofcoffeeforarest.Whatasurprise!Thewomansittingbyherwindowwasclearlyseen.Her

windowwasclean!

ThenIbegantounderstandit.Ihadbeencriticizing（北匕評）herdirtywindow?butallthe

timeIwaswatchinghersthroughmyowndirtywindow.

Thatwasquiteanimportantlessonforme.HowoftenhadIlookedatandcriticizedothers

throughthedirtywindowofmyheart,throughmyownshortcomings（缺點）？

Fromthenon,wheneverIwanttojudge（判斷）someone,Iaskmyselffirst，"AmIlooking

athimthroughmyowndirtywindow?”ThenItrytocleanthewindowofmyownworldso

thatImayseeothers'worldmoreclearly.

（）1.Thewritercouldn'tseeeverythingclearlythroughthewindow

because.

A.thewoman'swindowwasdirty

B.hiswindowwasdirty

C.thewomanlivedfaraway

D.thewriterwasnearsighted（近視的）

）2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Boththewomanandthewriterlivedinasmalltown.

B.Thewriteroftencleanedthewindow.

C.Boththewomanandthewriterworkedascleaners.

D.Thewriternevermetthewoman.

（）3.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat.

A.oneshouldn'tcriticizeothersveryoften

B.oneshouldoftenkeephiswindowclean

C.oneshouldjudgehimselfbeforehejudgesothers

D.oneshouldlookatothersthroughhisdirtywindow

Passage2（2018巴中）

^Everythinghappensforthebest."WheneverIfaceddisappointment,mymotherwould

saythistome.

AfterIgraduatedfromcollegein2002,Idecidedtofindajobinradioasasports

announcer（播音員）.IwenttoChicagoandknockedatthedoorofeverystation.But

unluckily,Iwasrefusedeverytime.

Atonestation,akindladytoldmethatbigstationswouldn'thire（雇傭）an

inexperiencedpersonandsuggestedthatItrymyluckatsmallerstations.Followingheradvice,

IwentbacktoDixon.Therewerenoradio-announcingjobsinDixon,andmyfathersaida

newly-openedstorewantedalocalsportsmantoworkforit.Iappliedfor（申請）thejob,butI

wasrefusedagain.

"Everythinghappensforthebest，”Momremindedme.ItriedWOCRadioinDavenport,

Iowa.Theprogramdirector,Peter,toldmetheyhadalreadyhiredanannouncer.

Ilefthisoffice,andfelttotallydisappointed.WhileIwaswaitingfortheelevator,Iheard

someonecalling.ItwasPeter."Whatdoyouknowaboutsports?Doyouknowanythingabout

football?"Thenheaskedmetobroadcast（播報）animaginarygame.Pleasedwithmy

performance,heofferedmeachancetoworkthere.

Onmywayhome,Ithoughtofmymother'swords,uIfyoucarryon,onedaysomething

goodwillhappen.Somethingwouldn'thavehappenedifnotforthatprevious（先前的）

disappointment.^^

()1.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,thewriter.

A.foundajobinaradiostation

B.couldn'tfindajobasasportsannouncer

C.wasalreadyexperienced

()2.firstofferedthewriterachancetoworkasanannouncer.

A.AkindladyB.AprogramdirectorC.Hermother

()3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Akindladyofferedthewriterajobatfirst.

B.Thewriter'sparentsweredisappointedather.

C.Bigstationsusuallyhireexperiencedpeople.

()4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thewriterlearnedalotfromwhathermothersaid.

B.Therewasaradio-announcingjobatcollege.

C.Thewriterdidn'twanttobeasportsannounceratall.

()5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Somethinghappensbecauseofthedisappointment.

B.Youcanfindajobwithoutanyexperience.

C.Everythinghappensforthebest.

Passage3(2018青島)

“Iwillthinkofit."Itiseasytosaythis,butdoyouknowwhatgreatthingshavecome

fromthinking?

SirIsaacNewtonwassittinginhisgardenwhenhesawanapplefallfromatree.He

begantothinkandtriedtofindoutwhytheapplefell.Thenhediscoveredhowthesun,moon,

andstarsarekeptintheirplaces.

AboynamedJamesWattsatquietlybythefire,watchingthelidofthekettlemoveup

anddown.Hewantedtofindoutwhythesteaminthekettlemovedthelid.Fromthattimehe

wentonthinkingandthinking.Andwhenhebecameaman,heimprovedthesteamengine(蒸

汽機)somuchthatitcouldeasilydotheworkofmanyhorses.

JamesFergusonwasapoorboy.Once,seeingtheinsideofawatch,hewondered.4tWhy

shouldInotmakeawatch?”Buthowcouldhegetthematerialstomakethemainspring(鐘表

的主發(fā)條)?Hesoonfoundhecouldmakeitwithwhalebone(鯨骨).Hethenmadeawooden

clockwhichkeptgoodtime.Hismotto(座右銘)was“Iwillthinkofit."Andhemadehis

thoughtsusefultohimselfandtheworld.

Boysandgirls,whenyouhaveadifficultlessontolearn,don'tloseheart,anddon't