九年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)精美實(shí)用教案第7講-9bU4LifeonMars（上）簡(jiǎn)單句復(fù)合句Ⅱ-學(xué)生版

主題9BU4LifeonMars(上)及簡(jiǎn)單句復(fù)合句Ⅱ教學(xué)內(nèi)容知識(shí)點(diǎn)1：重要單詞詞組1、詞性變換(1)crowd(n.)--_______________(adj.)(2)pollute(v.)--_______________(n.)--_______________(adj.)(3)rapid(adj.)--_______________(adv.)(4)increase(n.)--_______________(v.)(5)comfortable(adj.)--_______________(adv.)--_______________(反義詞)(6)taste(v.)--_____________(n.)--____________(adj.)--______________(比較級(jí))--____________(最高級(jí))--_____________(adj.)--_______________(反義詞)(7)special(adj.)--_______________(adv.)(8)challenge(n.)--_______________(v.)--_______________(adj.)(9)develop(v.)--_______________(n.)--_______________(adj.)--_______________(adj.)2、重要詞組(1)氧氣罐_____________________________(2)干糧_____________________________(3)睡袋_____________________________(4)電源包_____________________________(5)到2100年時(shí)_____________________________(6)人口上的快速增長(zhǎng)____________________________(7)再；重新_____________________________(8)以...的速度_____________________________(9)以...的形式_____________________________(10)到火星的旅行_____________________________(11)漂浮到太空中___________________________(12)與…相比_____________________________(13)在某些方面_____________________________(14)與...什么連接_____________________________知識(shí)點(diǎn)2：重點(diǎn)詞組用法1.thinkaboutthinkabout考慮，想起thinkof考慮；記起；想起thinkover仔細(xì)考慮thinkup想出，發(fā)明注意：Whatdoyouthinkof…?你覺得…怎么樣？2.population人口當(dāng)population作為具體的人時(shí)，是復(fù)數(shù)。如果是人的數(shù)量，用法和number類似，數(shù)量分大小，所以只有l(wèi)arge/smallpopulation.3.atthespeedof以……速度Thatnighthedrovethecaratthespeedof200kmperhour.那天晚上他以每小時(shí)200千米的速度駕駛。類似的短語：atthepriceof以……價(jià)格atahighprice高價(jià)atalowcost低成本atfull/highspeed全速/高速4.increasev.增加increaseby+倍數(shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)表示“增加了……”increaseto+具體的數(shù)字表示“增加到……”increasein…在……方面的增長(zhǎng)Thepopulationofthistownhasincreasedby5percent.Tparev.比較(1)compare…with…把…和…比較Ifyoucomparehisworkwithhers,youwillfindhersismuchbetter.如果你把他的工作和她的做比較，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)她的好得多。(2)compare…to把……比作……Poetshavecomparedsleeptodeath.詩(shī)人將睡眠比作死亡。6.insomeways在一些方面；在某種程度上way的相關(guān)短語intheway擋路，妨礙inthisway用這種方式bytheway順便問一下onthewayto在去…的路上7.speciallyadv.特別地要注意specially和especially的區(qū)別(1)especially是副詞，意為“尤其”、“特別”，通常用來對(duì)前面所述的事件進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的說明或補(bǔ)充。It'sespeciallyhottoday.今天天氣特別熱[表示與前幾天天氣很不一樣，不用specially]Helikesallsubjects,especiallyEnglish.他喜歡所有的學(xué)科，尤其是英語[表示喜歡英語的程度很多，不用specially](2)specially也是副詞，意為“專門地”“特地”，表示“不是為了別的，而只是為了……”，強(qiáng)調(diào)唯一目的。Hecameherespeciallytosaysorrytoher.他特意來這里向她道歉。Hereturnedtoherhometownspeciallytoseehersickmother她回到家鄉(xiāng)專門看望生病的母親。8.preventsbfromdoing阻止某人做某事相當(dāng)于stopsbfromdoing，from可省略。Wecannotprevent/stopanearthquakefromcoming.我們不能阻止地震的到來。9.challengingadj.挑戰(zhàn)性的Mikefoundachallengingjobasacomputerprogrammer.challengechallenge…to…向某人挑戰(zhàn)Myfatherchallengedmetoatabletennisgame.父親向我挑戰(zhàn)一場(chǎng)乒乓球賽。知識(shí)點(diǎn)3：重點(diǎn)句型用法1.HowdoyoulikelifeonMars?(P50)你覺得火星上的生活怎么樣？Howdoyoulike…?常用來詢問對(duì)方對(duì)某人或某一事物的看法、感受、印象如何。表達(dá)這一意思時(shí)還可以說Whatdoyouthinkof…?2.IthoughtyoulikedMars.(P50)我本以為你喜歡火星。thought是think的過去式，在此處表示“本以為”，一般在動(dòng)詞填空題里會(huì)涉及到。3.WhatwoulditbeliketoliveonMars?(P51)住在火星上將會(huì)是什么樣子呢？Whatwill/wouldsth.belike這是What’ssth.like的將來時(shí)句型。需要注意此句型在賓語從句中要改為Whatsth.will/wouldbelike.4.SomepeoplebelievethathumanscouldliveontheplanetMarsbytheyear2100.(P52)一些人相信人類到2100為止能夠居住在火星上。by+過去時(shí)間用于過去完成時(shí)by+將來時(shí)間用于一般將來時(shí)5.Ourownplanet,theEarth,isbecomingmoreandmorecrowdedandpollutedbecauseoftherapidincreaseinpopulation.(P52)我們自己的星球，地球，由于人口的快速增長(zhǎng)將會(huì)變得越來越擁擠。比較級(jí)and比較級(jí)表示“越來越……”becauseof+名詞短語increasein…在…方面的增長(zhǎng)6.ItishopedthatpeoplecouldstartalloveragainandbuildabetterworldonMars.(P52)人們希望能夠在火星上重新開始并且建立一個(gè)更美好的世界。Itis+過去分詞句型Itissaid…據(jù)說Itisbelieved…據(jù)相信5.Atpresent,ourspacecraftaretooslowtocarrylargenumbersofpassengerstoMars-itwouldtakemonths.(P52)目前，我們的宇宙飛船太慢而不能運(yùn)送大量的乘客去火星，這要花費(fèi)數(shù)月的時(shí)間。(1)too…to…太…而不能….注意和…enoughto的句型轉(zhuǎn)換Heistooshorttoreachtheapplesonthetree.=Heisnottallenoughtoreachtheapplesonthetree.(2)anumberof…大量的，后面跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)thenumberof……的數(shù)量6.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,bytheyear2100,thejourneymightonlytakeabout20minutesinspacecraftthattravelatthespeedoflight!(P52)隨著技術(shù)的發(fā)展，到2100年，坐飛船以光速旅行只需要花費(fèi)大約20分鐘的時(shí)間。with表示伴隨著withthehelpof…在…的幫助下withthesupportof…在…的支持下注意with和under,through的區(qū)別through/by表“用交通工具”或表“發(fā)出某動(dòng)作”；on/in表用某交通工具；with用具體的“工具、材料”或伴隨“抽象事物”；in用原料或語言；through通過具體過程，途徑，手段，中介7.Humancannotsurvivewithoutwater,oxygenorfood.(P52)人類沒有水、空氣或食物無法生存。本單元的語法講的是簡(jiǎn)單句與省略句的轉(zhuǎn)換，所以此處就等于Humancannotsurviveifthereisnofood,wateroroxygen.8.ThegravityonMarsisonlyaboutthree-eighthsofthatontheEarth.(P53)火星的重力只有地球的大約八分之三。分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)法分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法：分子是基數(shù)詞，分母是序數(shù)詞，如果分子大于1，分母要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，在分子與分母之間可加連字符也可不加連字符。分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)視of后面的名詞而定，如果名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Onethirdofthewaterisdirty.Twothirdsoftheworkersinourfactoryareyoungpeople.9.ComparedwithlifeontheEarth,lifeonMarswouldbebetterinsomeways.(P53)與地球上的生活相比，火星上的生活在某些方面要好些。過去分詞短語comparedwithlifeontheEarth在句中作狀語。主語是life與compare之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以compare需要用過去分詞；如果life與compare之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，則compare用動(dòng)名詞形式。Comparingthepricesofshoesinthreeshops,shedecidedtochoosethecheapestone.10.Everystudentwouldhaveacomputerathomeconnectedtoaninterplanetarynetwork.(P53)每個(gè)學(xué)生家里都有一臺(tái)電腦與星際網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接。過去分詞短語connectedtoaninterplanetarynetwork在句中作定語，修飾前面的computer.connect…to…意為：把……連接在……上，……與……連在一起。此處connectedtoaninterplanetarynetwork是過去分詞短語，作后置定語修飾名詞computer。這里的名詞computer與動(dòng)詞connect是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故動(dòng)詞用過去分詞形式。如果被修飾的名詞與動(dòng)詞之間是主謂關(guān)系，則用該動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。TherailwayconnectingShanghaitoTianjinisunderconstructionnow.11.LifeonMarswouldbeinterestingaswellaschallenging.(P53)火星上的生活，不僅有挑戰(zhàn)性，還很有趣。aswellas不但......而且，既......又注意：這一短語在譯成中文時(shí)，應(yīng)先譯aswellas后面的內(nèi)容，再譯前面的。Heaswellashisfriendslikesgoingshopping.簡(jiǎn)單句和復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換（二）1.含有狀語從句的復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換在英語中，我們可以用attheageof,becauseof,without...等介詞短語，將含有狀語從句的復(fù)合句改為簡(jiǎn)單句。Helearnttoswimwhenhewaseightyearsold.→Helearnttoswimattheageofeight.Hecouldnotgotothepartybecausehehadtoomuchhomework.→Hecouldnotgotothepartybecauseoftoomuchhomework.Hecannotsolvethisproblemifhehasnohelp.→Hecannotsolvethisproblemwithouthelp.2.含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換在英語中，我們可以用of...,like...等介詞短語，將含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句改為簡(jiǎn)單句。ThephotosremindmethatItravelledtotheUKfiveyearsago→ThephotosremindmeofmytriptotheUKfiveyearsago.AreyoucertainthatTomissatisfiedwiththeplan?→AreyoucertainaboutTom’ssatisfactionwiththeplan?3.含有定語從句的復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換在英語中，我們可以用with...,in....等介詞短語，將含有定語從句的復(fù)合句改為簡(jiǎn)單句。Doyouknowthegirlwhoisholdingtwobooksinherhand?→Doyouknowthegirlwithtwobooksinherhand?ThemanwhowearsablueshirtisourEnglishteacher.→ThemaninablueshirtisourEnglishteacher.考點(diǎn)一：賓語從句的關(guān)系詞、語序、時(shí)態(tài)例1:Didyourfathertellyou______?A.whenhetravelledtoHongKong B.howhegoestoShanghaiC.wherehehasspenthisholidays D.whydidhevisitHangzhou例2:Idon’tknow_______thedayaftertomorrow.A.whendoeshecome B.howwillhecome C.ifhecomes D.whetherhe’llcome 例3:Parentscaremoreabout_____pocketmoneytheyshouldgivetheirchildrenand________.A.howmuch;whereitgoes B.howmany;wheredoesitgoC.howmuch;howdoesitgoes D.howmany;howitgoes例4:—Howlongdoesittaketogettotheairport?—Fortyminutes.Butit’sfoggytoday.I’mnotsurethehighwaywillclosessoon.Let’ssetoffearlier.A.whether B.when C.how D.why考點(diǎn)二：定語從句的關(guān)系詞以及在動(dòng)詞填空題中的運(yùn)用例1:--ThevolunteersaredoingagreatjobinYushu.(2010揚(yáng)州)

--Yes.Theyarehelpingthepeople___aresufferingfromtheearthquake.(2010揚(yáng)州)A.which

B.what

C./

D.who例2:Theywanttodevelopakindadog-friendlyfood____willhelpdogownerscooldowntheirpets.(2010常州)A.who

B.what

C.which

D.whether例3:—IlikethephotoItookonthebeachyesterday.Whatdoyouthinkofit?—Well,reallynice!A.where B.when C.which D.who例4:Thecharityshowhedevotedmuchtimeto__________(prove)tobeasuccess.例5:Theboyhisteacherpaidmuchattentionto___________(improve)alotinthetestatlast.一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．—________theway,doyouthinkthisjobhasbecomeeasierthanitusedtobe?—Tobehonest,ithasturnedouttobemoredifficult________someways.A．In;on B．By;on C．By;in D．In;by2．MrsYangoftenmakes________cakesandbiscuitsforkidsandkidslikethemverymuch.A．strange B．tasty C．a(chǎn)wful D．polluted3．Don’talways________yourdaughter________others.It’snotgoodforhergrowth.A．compare;from B．connect;to C．compare;with D．prevent;from4．—Whatisthe________ofhighschoolstudentsgoingtocollege?—About70%.A．percentage B．number C．population D．temperature5．LiLing’smotherwantedtoknow________.A．howdidshestudyatschool B．whatshehasstudiedatschoolC．whetherdidshestudyhardatschool D．ifshestudiedhardatschool6．—Thisreddresslooksso________!—Itis________designedforafamousactress.A．special;special B．special;specially C．specially;special D．specially;specially7．Idon’tknowwhatshould________tostopthefactories________thelakenearthem.A．todo;polluting B．todo;topollute C．doing;topollute D．bedone;polluting8．WhenIwasyoung,I________inthecountry.A．usedtolive B．wasusedtolive C．usedtoliving D．a(chǎn)musedtoliving9．Perhapswewillliveonthefood________theformofpillsinthefuture.A．on B．in C．a(chǎn)t D．by10．Heiswearinghissunglassestohimselffromthestrongsunlight.A．prevent B．stop C．keep D．protect11．Uptonow,almost________ofthestudentsintheclasshavecompleted________oftheirwork.A．two-thirds;60percents B．two-thirds;60percentC．twothird;60percents D．twothird;60percent12．—Wasthebabyreallyamazedwhenseeingsucha________scene?—Yes.The________lookonitsfacetoldusthatitwas.A．surprised;surprising B．surprising;surprisedC．surprising;surprising D．surprised;surprised13．Noonecanbesure________inthousandsofyears,nottosayinamillionyears.A．whatmanlookslike B．whatwillmanlooklikeC．whatdidmanlooklike D．whatmanwilllooklike14．Thegirlseemedtoobusy__________hertest_________hermotherentertheroom.A．preparing,tonotice B．toprepare,tonoticeC．preparing,noticing D．toprepare,noticing15．—Areyouconfidentaboutthisevening’sperformance,Kate?—________.I’mwellprepared.A．Ihopeso B．It’shardtosay C．Sure,Iam D．Iamafraidnot六、用所給單詞的正確形式填空51．Thestreetsaremuch________(crowd)atweekends,soweshoulddrivemorecarefully.52．Thedishesintherestaurantarevery________(taste).Allofuslikethemverymuch.53．—Isthereany________(possible)thatyou’llbebackbytheweekend?—Sorry,Idon’tknow.54．Sofar,________(travel)intospaceisstilldifficultanddangerousforhumans.55．Thejourneytothatcitywasvery________(comfort).Theyallwantedtohaveagoodrest.56．Doingtoomuchexercise________(notimprove)ourstudyasgreatlyasthought.57．—TurnofftheTV,please.Thebabyissleeping.—Thereisnoneed.He________(wake)up.58．Iinsistonyourstudyingabroad.I’msureyou________(impress)deeplynotonlybytheteachingstyleintheuniversitybutthewonderfulsights.59．—Haveyoumovedintoyournewhouse?—YouknowmyhusbandandI________(decorate)itallthepastyear,butthereisstillsomethingincomplete.60．It’ssaidthattheresultofthetestallthestudentsarelookingforwardto________(announce)yesterday.61．Thespecialbootscanpreventusfrom________(go)hereandthereintheair.62．MrSmith,togetherwithhistwosons,________(plant)sometreesonthehillwhenitbegantorainheavily.63．Bynextweek,we________(learn)20Englishsongs.WhataboutrecordingaCDthen?64．Thetypeofnewcars________(notproduce)inWuxiuntil2019.65．Themurderers________(arrest)twodaysago.Thenewsisnotthelatest.七、完成句子66．我們被要求在市內(nèi)開車時(shí)的時(shí)速不得超過每小時(shí)三十千米。Wearerequestedtodrive______________________nomorethanthirtykilometersperhourinthecity.67．這個(gè)男孩在某些方面變得比以前好多了。Theboyisbecoming______________________.68．這臺(tái)電腦與國(guó)際網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接在一起。Thecomputer________________________________aninternationalnetwork.69．人們希望在火星上能夠從頭再來。It_______________________________________onMars.70．未來的生活可能就是這樣的。Suchis_______________________________inthefuture.八、根據(jù)漢語提示填空71．Allthe________(乘客)ontheplanewerefrightenedwhentheyheardthatabirdhadflownintotheengine.72．Amotheriswillingtotakethe________(風(fēng)險(xiǎn))ofherownlifetoprotectherchild.73．MyfatherworksinLenovoasan________(電子的)engineer.74．An________(外星人)wentoutfromaUFOandwalkeddownCentreStreet.75．Therearedifferentdesignsof________(頭盔)tochoosefrom.完形填空MaximeandLiseareayoungFrenchcouple.TheyarereadytotravelacrossChinafromBeijingtoYunnanProvinceonatandembicycle（雙人自行車）.Theyhavetwomainpurposesandoneofthemisthattheywanttoencouragegreen_16_throughit.Maxime,26,workshelpingfarmersraisetheircows,_17_hiswifeLise,26,isateacher.ThetwoalsolikesharingtheirtravelstoriesonFacebook.“Wechooseatandembicyclebecauseitmakesit_18_tocommunicatewitheachotheraboutinterestingpeopleandthingswecomeacrossduringthejourney._19_,bicyclingishealthier.Andit’sacheaperandmoreenvironment-friendlywayoftravelingthan_20_cars,motorsandsoon,”thecouplesaid.Asfortheother_21_oftheirjourney,thetwosaidtheywantedtogetpeople’sgoodideasontopicssuchashealth,economy（經(jīng)濟(jì)）andpolitics.Whentheywereasked_22_theychosetovisitChina,theysaiditwasbecausetheyoftentalkedaboutitslonghistoryandbeautyandhowmuchofthecountryiscompetitive（有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的）intheworld.“WeknowChinaisacountrywithalargepopulationandwillbethe_23_oftheeconomyaroundtheworldinthefuture.Wewanttogetabetterunderstandingofthecountryanditspeople.We_24_thecountry,”theysaid.ThecouplewillbeontheirjourneytoChinasoon.Wehopetheycanmakemorepeoplefurther__25__Chinabysharingwhattheyseeandhearontheway.Meanwhile,wehopetheyenjoytheirtravelinChina.16．A．food B．farming C．travel17．A．while B．though C．because18．A．busier B．easier C．earlier19．A．Besides B．Instead C．However20．A．buying B．using C．making21．A．order B．result C．purpose22．A．how B．why C．when23．A．leader B．player C．learner24．A．need B．miss C．love25．A．dreamabout B．hearabout C．knowabout三、閱讀單選Somepeoplehaveaverypoorsenseofdirection．Unluckily，Iamoneofthem．IhavevisitedaplacemanytimesbutImaystillgetlosttherethenexttime．WhenIwasalittlegirl，Ineverdaredtoaskstrangerstheway．AndsoIusedtowalkroundincircleandhopethatbychanceIwouldgettotheplaceIwasgoingto．Now，Iamnolongertooshytoaskpeoplefordirections，butIoftenreceivehelplessorevenwronginformation．SoItrytoavoidgivingpeoplewrongdirections．Ifanyoneasksmethewaysomewhere，Iwouldsay，"sorry，Iamastrangerhere．"Onceonmywaytowork，Iwasstoppedbyaman．HeaskedmeifIcouldtellhimthewaytotheFriendshipBuilding．Igavehimmyusualreply．ButjustasIwalkedononlyafewsteps，Irealizedthathehadaskedthewaytomyofficebuilding．However，Ihadnotimetoturnbackandlookforhim．IwasrushingtomeetwithsomeoneatmyofficeandIdidn'twanttokeephimwaiting．WhenIjustgottomyoffice，thesecretaryshowedinthemanwhohadaskedmefordirections．ImaginehowembarrassedIwasandhowsurprisedhewaswhenwesaweachotheratthefirstsight!26．Thewriteralwaysrefusestogivepeopledirectionsbecause．A．sheisastrangertothecity B．shedoesn'tknowthepeopleC．shehasnotimetohelpothers D．she'safraidofgivingwrongdirections27．Amanstoppedthewriteronthewayto．A．sellhersomething B．a(chǎn)skherthetime C．makefriendswithher D．a(chǎn)skforthedirection28．TheFriendshipBuildingistheplacewherethewriter．A．lives B．studies C．works D．teaches29．Theword"embarrassed"inthelastparagraphmeans""．A．尷尬的 B．困惑的 C．激動(dòng)的 D．拮據(jù)的30．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？A．Thewriteristooshytogiveothersdirections．B．Thewriterhasaverypoorsenseofdirection．C．Thewriternevergotlostwhenshewasyoung．D．Themanwasquitenervouswhenhesawthewriter．四、閱讀填表Therearemanythingsyoucandotoimproveyourmemory.Amongthemaremanykindsofusefulwaysaswellastakingspecialcareofyourhealth.Itisimportantthatyoumakeyourselfexcitedtomakeyourmemorymoreactive.Youcandothisbydoingsomenewactivitiesandbychangingyourdailyhabits.Learninganewskillhelpsyourbraintodevelop.Whentryingtoremembersomething,youshouldpayspecialattentiontothemostimportantthingsaboutit.Donotallowotherthoughtstoenteryourmindbecausetheywillreduceyourchancesofmakingrightmemories.Anexcellentwaytohelpimprovememoryistoconnectinformationwithpictures.Trytoseethepicturesinyourmind.Takingnotesandkeepingadiarywillalsobehelpful.Healthyfoodandplentyofvitaminsarenecessaryforyourmemorytoworkwell.Drinkingalotofwateralsohelpskeepyourmemory.Youmustallowyourbraintohaveenoughsleepandrest.Whenyouaresleeping,yourbrainstoresmemories.Notenoughsleepcancause