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2018年山西省特崗教師考試中小學(xué)英語(yǔ)真題(總分:100.00,做題時(shí)間: 120分鐘)一、選擇題 (總題數(shù): 5,分?jǐn)?shù): 10.00)十八屆三中全會(huì)提出了市場(chǎng)在資源配置中起 ( )。A.基礎(chǔ)性作用B.決定性作用VC.主體性作用D.主導(dǎo)性作用解析:2013年11月12日,中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨第十八屆中央委員會(huì)第三次全體會(huì)議通過(guò)了《中共中央關(guān)于全面深化改革若干重大問(wèn)題的決定》,提出要“緊緊圍繞使市場(chǎng)在資源配置中起決定性作用深化經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革,堅(jiān)持和完善基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度,加快完善現(xiàn)代市場(chǎng)體系、宏觀(guān)調(diào)控體系、開(kāi)放型經(jīng)濟(jì)體系,加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方TOC\o"1-5"\h\z式,加快建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國(guó)家,推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)更有效率、更加公平、更可持續(xù)發(fā)展”。故本題選 B。在教育活動(dòng)中,教師必須嚴(yán)格要求自己,以身作則,時(shí)時(shí)處處用自己的積極行為去影響學(xué)生的行為,用自己的良好個(gè)性去影響學(xué)生的個(gè)性,用自己的正確態(tài)度去影響學(xué)生的態(tài)度,以便取得最佳的教育效果。這體現(xiàn)的是教師職業(yè)道德規(guī)范中的 ( )。愛(ài)崗敬業(yè)熱愛(ài)學(xué)生C.為人師表 VD.終身學(xué)習(xí)解析:《中小學(xué)教師職業(yè)道德規(guī)范 (2008年修訂)》對(duì)中小學(xué)教師的職業(yè)道德提出了六點(diǎn)要求,即愛(ài)國(guó)守法、愛(ài)崗敬業(yè)、關(guān)愛(ài)學(xué)生、教書(shū)育人、為人師表、終身學(xué)習(xí)。其中,“為人師表”要求教師,堅(jiān)守高尚情操,知榮明恥,嚴(yán)于律己,以身作則。題干中,教師要嚴(yán)格要求自己,時(shí)時(shí)處處以身作則,就體現(xiàn)了教師職業(yè)道德規(guī)范中“為人師表”的要求。故本題選 C?!跋舱咭?jiàn)之則喜,憂(yōu)者見(jiàn)之則憂(yōu)”,所體現(xiàn)的情緒狀態(tài)是( )。激情B.心境V應(yīng)激表情解析:根據(jù)情緒發(fā)生的強(qiáng)度、持久度和緊張度的不同,情緒狀態(tài)可分為激情、心境和應(yīng)激。激情是一種爆發(fā)式的、猛烈而時(shí)間短暫的情緒狀態(tài),“沖冠一怒為紅顏”就是一種典型的激情狀態(tài)。應(yīng)激是由出乎意料的緊迫情況所引起的急速而高度緊張的情緒狀態(tài),如司機(jī)遇到意外緊急剎車(chē),就屬于這種應(yīng)激狀態(tài)。心境是一種平靜而持久的、帶有彌散性的情緒狀態(tài),“憂(yōu)者見(jiàn)之則憂(yōu),喜者見(jiàn)之則喜”就是屬于一種心境。故本題選 B。教育者、受教育者、教育中介系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成了教育活動(dòng)的基本要素,其中 ( )是教育活動(dòng)的主導(dǎo)者。A.教育者V受教育者教育中介系統(tǒng)教科書(shū)解析:在構(gòu)成教育活動(dòng)的三個(gè)基本要素中,教育者指所有對(duì)受教育者在知識(shí)、技能、思想品德等身心發(fā)展方面起到影響作用的人,是教育活動(dòng)的主導(dǎo)者和實(shí)施者。也是學(xué)生的主要影響者和引導(dǎo)者;而受教育者則指在各種教育活動(dòng)中接受影響,從事學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)的人,是教育的對(duì)象,是接受知識(shí)的客體,同時(shí)也是學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)的主體;教育影響是教育實(shí)踐活動(dòng)的手段,指教育活動(dòng)中教育者和受教育者相互作用的全部信息。故本題選A??鬃犹岢隽恕安粦嵅粏?,不悱不發(fā)”的教育思想,這體現(xiàn)了教學(xué)中( )。A.鞏固性原則B.啟發(fā)性原則 VC.因材施教原則D.循序漸進(jìn)原則解析:“不憤不啟,不悱不發(fā)”出自《論語(yǔ) ?述而》,意為“學(xué)生如果不經(jīng)過(guò)思考并有所體會(huì),想說(shuō)卻說(shuō)不出來(lái)時(shí),就不去開(kāi)導(dǎo)他;如果不是經(jīng)過(guò)冥思苦想而又想不通時(shí),就不去啟發(fā)他”,體現(xiàn)了啟發(fā)性教學(xué)原則。故本題選 B。二、單項(xiàng)選擇題 (總題數(shù): 15,分?jǐn)?shù): 15.00)--Whenwillyougoabroadnextyear?A.ThatalldependsVB.ThatdependsonC.YoumaydependitD.Youwilldependon解析:句意:——明年你什么時(shí)候出國(guó) ?——看情況而定?!?Thatalldepends”為固定用法,意為“看情況而定”。boywithglasseshas badcoldtoday.A.The;不填B.The;aVC.A;theD.不填;the解析:句意:那個(gè)戴眼鏡的男孩今天患了嚴(yán)重的感冒。第一個(gè)空特指,那個(gè)戴眼鏡的男孩,故用定冠詞 the;第二個(gè)空“haveacold”為固定用法,意為“感冒、受涼”。Maybethedisastercandestroyourhomes,but candestroytheloveinourhearts.A.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothingV解析:句意:災(zāi)難可能會(huì)毀壞我們的家園,但是沒(méi)有事情能摧毀人們心中的愛(ài)。 A項(xiàng)意為“某物、某事”,B項(xiàng)意為“一切事情”,C項(xiàng)意為“任何事情”,D項(xiàng)意為“沒(méi)有事情”。根據(jù)句意可知,本題選 Do--MayIleavebefore4o'clockintheafternoon?--No,you .A.shouldn'tB.mustn'tVC.wouldn'tD.needn't解析:句意:一一我能在下午四點(diǎn)前走嗎 ?一一不,不行。A項(xiàng)意為“不應(yīng)該”,B項(xiàng)意為“不行,不許”,C項(xiàng)意為“不想”,D項(xiàng)意為“不必”。根據(jù)句意可知,本題選 B。It'srainingoutside.Putonyourraincoat, you'llgetwet.A.andB.soC.orVD.but解析:句意:外面正在下雨。帶上你的雨衣,要不然就會(huì)淋濕。根據(jù)句意可知,此處需要表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞,排除AB。C項(xiàng)意為“否則、要不然”, D項(xiàng)意為“但是”,故本題選 C。.Hefinishedreadingthebook. .A.SowashissisterB.SodidhissisterVC.SohissisterwasD.Sohissisterdid解析:句意:他讀完那本書(shū)了,他妹妹也讀完了。 so+do+主語(yǔ),此句型為倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),其主語(yǔ)與上文句子中的主語(yǔ)不同,但so代表上句中陳述的肯定內(nèi)容。do必須與上句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞保持時(shí)態(tài)的一致,意思為“……也是如此”。上一句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí),因此下一句do用did的形式,故本題選 B。.Myuncle, abroadfor6years,isonthewaybacktoourmotherland.A.tostudyB.studyingC.tohavestudiedD.havingstudiedV解析:句意:在國(guó)外工作了二十年后,我的叔叔正在歸國(guó)的途中。分析全句可知,此句不缺必要成分,因此此空所在句在整句中做狀語(yǔ)成分。不定式做狀語(yǔ)多表目的和結(jié)果,不合句意,排除 AC兩項(xiàng);分詞做狀語(yǔ)可表時(shí)間、方式、伴隨,此處是已完成的主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作,不是正在進(jìn)行當(dāng)中的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作,所以排除 B;現(xiàn)在分詞完成式表主動(dòng)和完成 (到謂語(yǔ)發(fā)生時(shí),非謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作已完成 ),故本題選 D。.Sheandherhusbandareofthesame ;theybothwanttheirdaughtertogoabroadforfurthereducation.A.soulB.spiritC.mindVD.heart解析:句意:她和她丈夫的意見(jiàn)一樣;他們都希望自己的女兒可以去國(guó)外深造?!?ofthesamemind”為固定搭配,意為“想法相同”。故本題選 C。. everyonehere,I'dliketothankourspecialguestforentertainingspeech.A.TothepointB.OnbehalfofVC.InspiteofD.Bythetime解析:句意:我謹(jǐn)代表在座的各位,感謝我們特邀嘉賓所做的有趣演講。 A項(xiàng)意為“中肯”,B項(xiàng)意為“代表”,C項(xiàng)意為“盡管”,D項(xiàng)意為“等到”。故本題選 Bo.Theyoungwriter hissuccess histeacher'sencouragement.A.owed;toVB.owned;toC.owed;forD.owned;for解析:句意:這個(gè)年輕的作家把自己的成功歸功于老師對(duì)他的鼓勵(lì)。“owe-to…”為固定詞組,意為“把……歸功于 "。故本題選 Ao.--Didyoutidyyourroom?--No,IwasgoingtotidymyroombutI visitors.A.haveB.hadVC.willhaveD.havehad解析:句意:一一你打掃你的房間了么 ?一一沒(méi)有,我那時(shí)候剛打算打掃房間,碰巧就來(lái)了客人。A項(xiàng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),表示現(xiàn)在的、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作; B項(xiàng)為一般過(guò)去時(shí),表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去; C項(xiàng)為將來(lái)完成時(shí),表示到將來(lái)某一時(shí)間將已經(jīng)……; D項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)……。本題是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí),本題選 B。. lateinthemorning,Tomturnedoffthealarm.A.SleepB.SleepingC.TosleepVD.Havingslept解析:句意:為了早上晚點(diǎn)起床,湯姆把鬧鐘關(guān)掉了。不定式 todosth.做主語(yǔ),表示目的,故本題選 C。.Actually,youcanbe youwanttobe,ateacher,adoctor,anastronautoramanagersolongasyousetyourmindtoit.A.whoeverB.whomeverC.whateverVD.however解析:句意:事實(shí)上,你可以做任何你想做的,教師、醫(yī)生、宇航員或者經(jīng)理,只要你肯用心做。根據(jù)句意可知,此空代指的是你想做的任何職業(yè),詢(xún)問(wèn)職業(yè),一般用疑問(wèn)詞“ what”,故本題選G.Wasitintheschool wasnamedafterahero hespenthischildhood?A.which;thatB.where;thatC.that;whereD.which;where解析:句意:他的童年正是在這所以英雄命名的學(xué)校度過(guò)的。分析句子成分可知,第一個(gè)空為定語(yǔ)從句,從句中缺少主語(yǔ),應(yīng)用which或that引導(dǎo),排除B項(xiàng);第二個(gè)空為強(qiáng)調(diào)句,強(qiáng)調(diào)正是在這所學(xué)校,強(qiáng)調(diào)句中引導(dǎo)詞為that,排除CD兩項(xiàng)。故本題選Ao.--Howmanyboystudentsarethereinyourclass?--Thereare girlsasboys.A.threetimesmanyasB.manyasthreetimesC.asmanythreetimesD.threetimesasmanyV解析:句意: 你班里有多少個(gè)男生 ? 女生人數(shù)是男生人數(shù)的三倍。“倍數(shù)+asmany/much+^詞+as+被比對(duì)象”為表示倍數(shù)的固定句式,故本題選 D。三、完形填空 (總題數(shù): 1,分?jǐn)?shù): 15.00)Everybodyknowshowtolearn.Learningisanaturalthing.Itbeginsthe21 weareborn.Ourfirstteachersareourfamilies.Athomewelearntotalkandtodressandfeedourselves.Welearntheseandotherskillsby22 .Thenwegotoschool.Ateachertellsus23 tolearnandhowtolearn.Manyteachersteachus,andwepassmanyexams.Thenpeoplesayweareeducate.Arewereallyeducated?Let's24 therealmeaningoflearning.Knowingfactsdoesnot25 beingabletosolveproblems.Solvingproblemrequirescreativity,notjustagood26 .Somepeoplewhodon'tknowmany27 canalsobegoodatsolvingproblems.HenryFordisagood28 .Heleftschoolattheageof15.Later,whenhiscompanycouldnotbuildcars29 enough,hesolvedtheproblem.Hethoughtoftheassemblyline.Todaytheanswerseemssimple.Yet,justthinkofthemanyuniversitygraduateswho30 solveanyproblems.Whatdoesagoodteacherdo?Doeshe31 studentsfactstoremember?Well,yes,wemustsome-timesrememberfacts.Butagoodteacher32 howtofindanswers.Hebringsustothestreamofknowl-edge,sowecanthinkforourselves.Whenweare33 ,weknowwheretogo.Truelearningcombinesintakewithoutput.Wetakeinformation34 ourbrains.Thenweuseit.Thinkofacomputer;itstoresalotofinformation,butitcan'tthink.Itonlyobeyscommands.Apersonwhoonlyremembersfactshasn'treallylearned.Learningtakes35 onlywhenapersoncanusewhatheknows.(分?jǐn)?shù): 15).(分?jǐn)?shù): 1)A.monthB.minuteC.timeD.day解析:此句意為:從我們一出生,學(xué)習(xí)就開(kāi)始了。“theminute”為固定用法,意為“一……就……”。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 1)A.askingB.listeningC.followingVD.drilling解析:A項(xiàng)意為“問(wèn)”,B項(xiàng)意為“聽(tīng)”,C項(xiàng)意為“模仿”,D項(xiàng)意為“操練”。根據(jù)句意,我們通過(guò)模仿來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)這些或其他技能,故本題選 C。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 1)A.whatVB.whenC.thatD.who解析:此句意為:老師會(huì)告訴我們學(xué)什么和怎么學(xué)。故本題選 A。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 1)A.pickupB.turnawayC.setoutD.thinkaboutV解析:A項(xiàng)意為“撿起、學(xué)會(huì)”, B項(xiàng)意為“拒絕、辭退”, C項(xiàng)意為“出發(fā),著手”, D項(xiàng)意為“考慮”。根據(jù)句意,讓我們思考一下學(xué)習(xí)的真正含義,故本題選 D。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 1)A.meanVB.sayC.suggestD.show解析:A項(xiàng)意為“意味著”, B項(xiàng)意為“說(shuō)”, c項(xiàng)意為“建議”,D項(xiàng)意為“展示”。根據(jù)句意,知道了事實(shí),并不意味著能夠解決問(wèn)題,故本題選 A。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 1)A.showB.thingC.memoryVD.condition解析:A項(xiàng)意為“單詞、話(huà)語(yǔ)”, B項(xiàng)意為“事情,東西”, C項(xiàng)意為“記憶”, D項(xiàng)意為“條件、情況”。根據(jù)句意,解決問(wèn)題不僅僅靠好的記憶力,其需要的是創(chuàng)造力,故本題選 C。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 1)A.peopleB.factsVC.techniquesD.ways解析:A項(xiàng)意為“人們”,B項(xiàng)意為“事實(shí)”,C項(xiàng)意為“科技”,D項(xiàng)意為“方法”。根據(jù)句意,一些不知道很多事情的人也可以很好地解決問(wèn)題。故本題選 Bo且此處的facts呼應(yīng)上文的knowingfacts。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 1)A.learnerB.teacherC.exampleVD.driver解析:根據(jù)下文可知,此處提到福特是為了舉例說(shuō)明,故本題選 C。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 1)A.newB.fastVC.beautifulD.cheap解析:根據(jù)后文可知,福特為了解決問(wèn)題發(fā)明了流水線(xiàn)。流水線(xiàn)提高的是工作速度,故本題選 B。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 1)A.neverVB.almostC.seldomD.ever解析:A項(xiàng)意為“絕不”, B項(xiàng)意為“幾乎”,C項(xiàng)意為“很少”,D項(xiàng)意為“曾經(jīng)”。根據(jù)本句中的轉(zhuǎn)折可知,此處與上文形成強(qiáng)烈對(duì)比,意為“想想有些從來(lái)解決不了任何問(wèn)題的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生”,故本題選 A。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 1)A.makeB.understandC.masterD.giveV解析:根據(jù)句意,教師給予學(xué)生要記得的事實(shí)了么 ?“givesth.tosb.”為固定搭配,意為“給某人某物”。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 1)A.knowsB.showsVC.ordersD.encourages解析:根據(jù)句意,好的教師是向?qū)W生展示怎樣去尋找答案。故本題選 B。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 1)A.thirstyVB.tiredC.boredD.free解析:根據(jù)上文,好教師會(huì)給學(xué)生們帶來(lái)知識(shí)之泉,可知此處選 A項(xiàng)與之呼應(yīng)。意為當(dāng)我們“渴了”的時(shí)候,我們知道去哪里“解渴”。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 1)A.ofB.forC.aboutD.intoV解析:A項(xiàng)意為“關(guān)于,屬于”, B項(xiàng)意為“為了,對(duì)于”,C項(xiàng)意為“關(guān)于”, D項(xiàng)意為“進(jìn)入”,指存入大腦。且與上句的 intake相呼應(yīng),故本題選 D.(分?jǐn)?shù): 1)A.measuresB.noteC.placeVD.time解析:“takemeasure”意為“采取措施”,“ takenote”意為“做筆記”,“ takeplace”意為“發(fā)生”,“taketime”意為“從容做……”。根據(jù)句意,只有當(dāng)一個(gè)人能夠運(yùn)用他所知道的知識(shí)時(shí),學(xué)習(xí)的這個(gè)過(guò)程才發(fā)生。意思是這才是真正的學(xué)習(xí)。故本題選 C。四、閱讀理解 (總題數(shù): 0,分?jǐn)?shù): 0.00)五、第一節(jié) (總題數(shù): 3,分?jǐn)?shù): 20.00)AWhenteachinghandwriting,onedifficultyisteachingtheleft-handedchild.Thetraditionalpolicyhasbeentopushallchildrentowritewiththeirrighthands.Parentsandteachersbothtrytopreventthechildfromusinghislefthand.Ontheotherhand,psychologistshaveclearlyshownthatsomepersonsarenaturallyleft-handedandthatitismuchmoredifficultforthemtodoanyskillfulactwiththerighthandthanwiththelefthand.Somebelieve,furthermore,thattoforcealeft-handedchildtowritewithhisrighthandmaymakehimnervousandmaycausespeechproblems.Thereseemstobesomecasesinwhichthisistrue,althoughinmostchildrenwhochangeovertousingtheirrighthand,nonegativeeffectsarenoticed.Inadditiontothesedifficulties,left-handednesssometimesseemstocausemirrorwritingfromrighttoleftandreversalsinread-ing,asreading"was"for"saw." (分?jǐn)?shù): 6)2)2)A.ATheproblemsoftheleft-handedchild VB.Nervousaspectsconnectedwithhand-writingC.Aspecialprobleminteachinghand-writingD.Speechproblem,mirrormeritingandreversals解析:TOC\o"1-5"\h\z通讀全文,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)整篇短文都圍繞著左利手孩子該使用左手還是右手的問(wèn)題,故本題選 A。.Whatdoesthewriterimplyaccordingtothepassage? (分?jǐn)?shù): 2)A.Left-handedpersonsallhavespeechproblemsB.Left-handedchildrenneedspecialconsideration VC.ParentsshouldnotallowchildrentowritewiththeirlefthandD.Left-handedpersonsarelessskillfulthanright-handedones解析:并不是所有的左利手孩子都有言語(yǔ)問(wèn)題,是強(qiáng)迫左利手使用右手才可能導(dǎo)致言語(yǔ)問(wèn)題,故 A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可知,父母不應(yīng)該強(qiáng)迫左利手孩子使用右手,故 C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。文中沒(méi)有提到左利手不如右利手靈TOC\o"1-5"\h\z巧,故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。通過(guò)短文敘述可知,左利手孩子需要特殊的觀(guān)照。故本題選 B。.Thetraditionalpolicyinteachinghandwritinghas . (分?jǐn)?shù): 2)A.resultedinunsolvedproblemsinEnglishclassB.mademanychildrenskillfulwithbothhandsC.resultedinfailuretolearntowriteforthenaturallyleft-handedD.createdpossiblespeechandemotionalproblemsforsomechildren V解析:根據(jù)短文第二句話(huà)可知,傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)方式中,教師會(huì)讓所有的學(xué)生都用右手寫(xiě)字。又根據(jù)短文的第五句話(huà),強(qiáng)迫左利手的孩子用右手寫(xiě)字可能會(huì)讓他們感覺(jué)緊張,也可能出現(xiàn)言語(yǔ)問(wèn)題。故本題選 D,傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)方式可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致學(xué)生出現(xiàn)言語(yǔ)問(wèn)題和情感問(wèn)題。BBicyclesharingsystemsarealsoknownasyellowbicycleprograms,whitebicycleprograms,publicbikesorfreebikes.TheyareincreasinglypopularinEuropenow.Parishastheworld'slargesturbancyclerentalsystem.ThisisabikerentalstationinParis.Theworkersareshowinghowtouseanewselfservicebike.TheysaythatPariswillbecome"agreeneapitatofbikes"andtheyplantopark20,000bicyclesat1,600sta-tions.Pariscreatedthisplantoreducewastegasdisplacement(廢棄排放量 ).Atarentalstation,youonlyhavetoputyourcreditcardintothemachinetorentabike.ItprovidesFrench,German,EnglishandChineseservices.Ifyouridethebikeforonly30minutestorelax,youneedn'tpayforit.Atwo-hourbikerentonlycostsyou4Euros.Thesestationsworkfor24hourseveryday,soabikeisrentedfor10to14timesaday.Inthiswaythereare200,000peopleusingbikesaday.Inthepastfewyears,Parishasencourageditspeopletoridebikes,butsomethingunhappyhashap-penednowandthen.Somepeoplebreakthetrafficrulesduringrushhours.Someparktheirbikesevery-where.SohowtoparktheirbikesisaproblemthatPairswillface,butthisprojectisstillahelpfulwaytoimproveitstrafficenvironment. (分?jǐn)?shù): 6).WhydidParisbuildmanyrentalsystems? (分?jǐn)?shù): 2)A.ToreduceaccidentsB.ToimprovethetrafficenvironmentC.TorelaxtravelersD.Toattracttravelersfromothercountries解析:根據(jù)第二段最后一句話(huà)可知,巴黎大范圍推廣自行車(chē)共享系統(tǒng),是為了減少?gòu)U氣排放量,故本題選 B。.Howmanylanguagesdoesthemachineatabicyclerentalsystemoffer? (分?jǐn)?shù): 2)A.TwoB.ThreeC.Four7D.Five解析:TOC\o"1-5"\h\z根據(jù)第三段第二句話(huà)可知,租自行車(chē)的機(jī)器有法語(yǔ)、英語(yǔ)、漢語(yǔ)和德語(yǔ)服務(wù),一共是四種。故本題選 C。.Accordingtothepassage,theproblemthatPariswilldealwithishowto . (分?jǐn)?shù): 2)A.ridetheirnewbikesB.parktheirbikesVC.borroworlendbikesD.rentpublicbikes解析:根據(jù)最后一段最后一句話(huà)可知,現(xiàn)在巴黎面對(duì)的是如何停放這些自行車(chē)的問(wèn)題,故本題選 B。CMostpeoplefeellonelysometimes,butitusuallyonlylastsbetweenafewminutesandafewhours.Thiskindoflonelinessisnotserious.Infact,itisquitenormal.Forsomepeople,though,lonelinesscanlastforyears.Psychologistsarestudyingthisphenomenoninanattempttobetterunderstandlong-termloneliness.Theseresearchershavealreadyidentifiedthreedifferenttypesofloneliness.Thefirstkindoflonelinessistemporary.Thisisthemostcommontype.Itusuallydisappearsquicklyanddoesnotrequireanyspecialattention.Thesecondkind,situationalloneliness,isanaturalresult.Forexample,thedeathofalovedone,ormovingtoanewplace.Althoughthiskindoflonelinesscancausephysicalproblems,suchasheadachesandsleeplessness,itusuallydoesnotlastformorethanayear.Situa-tionallonelinessiseasytounderstandandtopredict.Thethirdkindoflonelinessisthemostsevere.Unlikethesecondtype,chroniclonelinessusuallylastsmorethantwoyearsandhasnospecificcause.Peoplewhoexperiencehabituallonelinesshaveproblemsso-cializing.Unfortunately,manychronicallylonelypeoplethinkthereislittleornothingtheycandotoimprovetheircondition.Manyresearchersagreethattheloneliestpeoplearebetweentheages18and25,soagroupofpsychol-ogistsdecidedtostudyagroupofcollegestudents.Theyfoundthatmorethan50%ofthestudentsweresitu-ationallonelyatthebeginningofthetermasaresultoftheirnewcircumstances,buthadadjustedafterafewmonths.Thirteenpercentwerestilllonelyaftersevenmonthsduetoshynessandfear.Theyfeltveryuncom-fortablemeetingstrangers,eventhoughtheyunderstoodthattheirfearwasnotreasonable.Thesituationallonelystudentsovercametheirlonelinessbymakingnewfriends ,butthechronicallylonelyremainedunhappybecausetheywereafraidtodoso.Psychologistsaretryingtofindwaystohelphabituallylonelypeoplefortworeasons.Firstofall,theyareunhappyandunabletosocialize.Secondly,researchershavefoundaconnectionhe-tweenchronicloneli-nessandseriousillnesssuchasheartdisease.Whiletemporaryandsituationallonelinesscanbeanormal,healthypartoflife,chroniclonelinesscanbeaverysad,andsome-timesdangerouscondition. (分?jǐn)?shù): 8)TOC\o"1-5"\h\z.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?(分?jǐn)?shù): 2)A.LonelinessandillnessesB.Threekindsofloneliness VC.LonelinessandshynessD.Threecausesofloneliness解析:通讀全文,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)整篇短文都在介紹三種孤獨(dú),故本題選 B。.AllthefollowingaretrueEXCEPTthat . (分?jǐn)?shù): 2)A.37%ofthestudentscanovercomelonelinesseasily VB.temporarylonelinessdoesnotneedspecialattentionC.chroniclonelinesscancauseproblemsinsocializingD.situationallonelinesscancausephysicalproblem解析:根據(jù)第四段第二和第三句話(huà),可以看出雖然有 37%的學(xué)生在幾個(gè)月之后調(diào)整了狀態(tài),不再感覺(jué)孤獨(dú),但并沒(méi)有說(shuō)明這些學(xué)生很容易地就克服了孤獨(dú),故本題選 A。.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"chronic"inParagraph3mean? (分?jǐn)?shù): 2)A.TerribleB.DeadlyC.ContinualVD.Ordinary解析:分析此句意思,“ chronicloneliness”一般會(huì)持續(xù)超過(guò)兩年,可知“ chronic”意味著“長(zhǎng)期的。連續(xù)TOC\o"1-5"\h\z的”.故本題選 C。.Whydopsychologistswanttohelpthehabituallylonelypeople? (分?jǐn)?shù): 2)A.ToimprovetheirlivingconditionsB.TomakenewpsychologicaldiscoveriesC.TotreatheartdiseasemoreeffectivelyD.Tosolvetheirmentalandphysicalproblems V解析:根據(jù)最后一段可知,心理學(xué)家們想幫助這些習(xí)慣性孤獨(dú)的人是因?yàn)閮蓚€(gè)理由,一個(gè)是想幫助他們解決心理上的問(wèn)題,一個(gè)是想幫助他們解決身體上的問(wèn)題,故本題選 D。六、第二節(jié) (總題數(shù): 1,分?jǐn)?shù): 10.00)Asenseofhumorhelpsusfromseveralaspects.Asawarenessofthebenefitsofhumorincreases,mostofuswanttogetallthelaughswecan.Itseemsthatalmosteverydaythereisanothernewdiscoveryaboutthepowerofhumortohelpusphysically,mentally,emotionally,andspiritually.46 .47 .Manypeoplemistakenlybelievethatwearebornwithasenseofhumor.Theythinkthatwhenitcomestoasenseofhumor,"eitheryou'vegotitoryoudon't."Thisisfalse.Whatistrue,however,isthattheabilitytolaughandsmileisactuallysomethingwearebornwith.Forexample,welaughwhenwearetickledunderthearm,evenwithoutthinkingabouthowtoreact.Asenseofhumorcanbedevelopedinourlife.Thepartsofthebrainandcentralnervoussys-temthatcontrollaughingandsmilingarematureatbirthinhumaninfants,butthatisnotthesamethingashavingasenseofhumor.(Afterall,whenababylaughsinhissmallbedwedon'trushoverandsay,"Thatkidhasagreatsenseofhumor.")48 .Don'tbenervousbeforeothersandtrytolaughatyourself--thenyouwillmakethemlaughtoo.Asenseofhumormeansmorethantellingjokes.Humorincludesalotmorethanlaughingandjoketell-ing.49 .Morethanjokes,asenseofhumorrequiresbeingwillingandabletoseethefunnysideoflife'ssituationsastheyhappen.Infact,oneofthebestdefinitionsofasenseofhumoris"theabilitytoseethenon-seriouselementinasituation".Asenseofhumorhelpspeopletobetterenjoylife.Theremaybeathousanddifferentwaystoexpressyoursenseofhumor,butjoketellingisonlyoneofthoseways.Asmoreisdiscoveredabouthowhumorben-efitsourlife,morepeoplewillbeabletoseeandenjoythehumorwhentheyareinadifficultsituation.50 .AsenseofhumorisnotaninbornabilityAsenseofhumorcanbeexpressedintwowaysYoursenseofhumorissomethingyoucandevelopoveralifetimeEverysystemofthebodyrespondstolaughterinsomeimportantorpositivewayLifedependsonair,foodandwater,butitismadeeasiertolivewithagoodsenseofhumorManypeopleareworriedaboutnogoodsenseofhumorbecausetheyaren'tgoodjoketellersSomepeopledoubttheirintelligenceandemotionbecausetheyaren'tgoodattellingstories(分?jǐn)?shù): 10).(分?jǐn)?shù): 2)V解析:根據(jù)上一句話(huà)的意思,似乎每一天都會(huì)有關(guān)于幽默可以在身體上、精神上和情緒上幫助我們的新發(fā)現(xiàn),可知此段是敘述幽默對(duì)我們身體的各種好處。 D項(xiàng)的意思是:身體的每一個(gè)系統(tǒng)都會(huì)以一些重要的或積極的方式對(duì)笑聲做出反應(yīng),故本題選 D。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2)V

E.E.F.G.解析:根據(jù)下一句的意思,許多人誤以為我們生下來(lái)就有幽默感,因此上一句應(yīng)該是否定幽默感是天生就有的,故本題選 A。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2)A.B.C.VD.E.F.G.解析:上文提到嬰兒出生的時(shí)候,雖然關(guān)于幽默的身體機(jī)能是成熟的,但并不意味著嬰兒就是有幽默感的。此段是論述幽默感在人的一生是如何發(fā)展的。 C項(xiàng)意為“幽默感是你可以發(fā)展一生的東西”。故此處選 Co.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2)A.B.C.D.E.F.VG.解析:上下文均提到幽默感不僅僅是講笑話(huà),因此此空應(yīng)與講笑話(huà)有關(guān)。 F項(xiàng)意為“許多人擔(dān)心自己沒(méi)有幽默感時(shí)因?yàn)椴粫?huì)講笑話(huà)”,符合整段意思。.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2)A.B.C.D.E.VF.G.解析:此句為全文總結(jié)句。上一句提到在人處于困境時(shí),可能希望享受幽默,幽默有益生活。E項(xiàng)意為活著要靠此句為全文總結(jié)句。上一句提到在人處于困境時(shí),可能希望享受幽默,幽默有益生活。空氣、食物和水。但是有幽默感會(huì)活得更輕松。承接上文,故本題選 E。七、第三節(jié) (總題數(shù): 1,分?jǐn)?shù): 10.00)Guineapigsareintelligentandquietanimals.Theymaydevelopaclosebondwithyouandmayrewardyouwithchirps,purrs,squeaksorwhistles.Guineapigsdonot51 very(5).(5).(分?jǐn)?shù): 2)muchifyoudonotspendmuchtimewiththem.However,ifyouspendtimewiththem,theywillbecomemoreresponsivetowardsyou.Guineapigsareveryactiveandtheyenjoyrunningthrough52 (tunnel)andmazes.Ifyougivethematoy,theywillplaywithit.53 youhavemorethanoneguineapig,youmayobservethattheyliketoplaygamesofchasewitheachother.

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