乙肝兩對半的解讀

乙肝兩對半的解讀乙肝兩對半定義TheDefinitinoOfSecongLiverTwoHalf-and-Half大三陽和小三陽Big3thisworldandsmall3thisworld乙肝傳輸路徑Thetransmissionwayofsecondliver*對乙肝誤解Misunderstandingofhepatitisb

乙肝兩對半的解讀2/13什么是乙肝兩對半乙肝兩對半是國內(nèi)醫(yī)院最慣用乙肝病毒(HBV)感染檢測血清標(biāo)志物。(Secondlivertwohalf-and-halfisthemostcommonlyusedindomestichospitalofhepatitisbvirus(HBV)infectiondetectionserummarker)①乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）②乙肝表面抗體（抗-HBs）③乙肝e抗原（HBeAg）④乙肝e抗體（抗-HBe）⑤乙肝關(guān)鍵抗體（抗-HBc）

測定兩種抗原和三種抗體，也就是俗稱“兩對半”。Determinationoftwokindsofantigensandthreekindsofantibody,alsoknownasthe"twohalf-and-half".乙肝兩對半的解讀3/13大三陽和小三陽

Big3thisworldandsmall3thisworld“大三陽”是指“乙肝兩對半”化驗(yàn)結(jié)果為表面抗原、e抗原和關(guān)鍵抗體檢測均是陽性。普通說明病毒復(fù)制水平高、傳染性強(qiáng)。"Big3thisworld"refersto"secondlivertwohalf-and-half"testresultsforthesurfaceantigen,eantigenandcoreantibodytestsarepositive.Generaldescriptionswithhigh-levelviralreplicationandinfectivity.“小三陽”是指“乙肝兩對半”化驗(yàn)結(jié)果為表面抗原、E抗體和關(guān)鍵抗體檢測均是陽性。普通說明病毒復(fù)制水平相對較低、傳染弱。Whatissmall3thisworld"small3thisworld"refersto"secondlivertwohalf-and-half"testresultsforthesurfaceantigen,Eantibodyandcoreantibodytestsarepositive.Generaldescriptionsviralreplicationlevelisrelativelylowandweak.

可見大三陽和小三陽區(qū)分主要在病毒復(fù)制活躍程度上，但并不表示“大三陽”一定比“小三陽”病情嚴(yán)重，臨床研究證實(shí)，有些小三陽患者更輕易轉(zhuǎn)化為肝癌。在治療上，假如是乙肝患者且HBVDNA含量高，大三陽和小三陽區(qū)分不大，都要以抗病毒治療為主，輔助抗炎保肝，抗纖維化治療。Visiblebig3thisworldandsmall3thisworlddifferenceismainlyintheviralreplicationactivity,butitdoesn'tmeanthe"big3thisworld"than"small3thisworld"thediseaseissevere,clinicalstudieshaveconfirmedthatsomesmall3thisworldaremorelikelytobeconvertedintolivercancerpatients.Intreatment,ifishepatitisbpatientsandhbvdnacontenthigh,thedifferencebetweenbig3thisworldandsmall3thisworldisnotbig,togiveprioritytowithantiviraltherapy,anti-inflammatory,protectingliver,auxiliaryantifibrosistreatment.乙肝兩對半的解讀4/13乙肝兩對半的解讀5/13乙肝兩對半的解讀6/13乙肝兩對半的解讀7/13乙肝傳輸路徑

Thetransmissionwayofsecondliver血液傳輸（Bloodtransmission)：如輸入被感染全血、血漿、血清或其它血制品，或其它血源性注射傳輸。Suchasinputofwholeblood,plasma,seruminfectedorotherbloodproducts,orotherblood-bornespreadofinjection性傳輸(Sexuallytransmission)

：性濫交、同性戀和異性戀之間親密性行為是主要乙肝病毒傳輸路徑，這種傳輸亦包含家庭夫妻間傳輸，夫妻之間無防御辦法性行為傳輸率大約在14%左右，詳細(xì)引人而異。因乙肝病人唾液中能夠查到乙肝病毒，在接吻時有可能會因?yàn)槠つw粘膜破損造成傳染。所以在口腔有破損（如潰瘍，咬傷，牙齦出血等）情況下應(yīng)防止與乙肝病毒攜帶者親吻。Casualsexandintimacybetweenhomosexualandheterosexualsexisanimportantrouteoftransmission,hepatitisbvirusspreadthisalsoincludesthespreadoffamilyhusbandandwife,betweenhusbandandwife,withoutdefensemeasuresthesexuallytransmittedrateatabout14%,aboutthespecificvaries.Becauseofhepatitisbpatientssalivacangethepatitisbvirus,duringakissmaybecausedbydamagedskinandmucosainfected.Thusinthemouthisbroken(suchasulcers,bite,bleedinggums,etc.)ofthecasesshouldbeavoidedandkissthepersonthatsecondlivervirusiscarried.乙肝兩對半的解讀8/13母嬰傳輸(Mother-to-childtransmission)：母嬰傳輸約占50％以上，其中宮內(nèi)感染約占4.54%，其余為分娩時感染；分娩時母親血液、陰道分泌物經(jīng)過胎兒破損皮膚、粘膜而傳染；胎盤剝離時微量血液漏至胎循環(huán)中；產(chǎn)前或產(chǎn)程中胎兒吸入母親血液、羊水、陰道分泌物而感染；Mother-to-childtransmission(PMTCT)accountedforabout50%oftheabove,theintrauterineinfectionaccountedforabout4.54%,therestforchildbirthinfections;Birthmother'sblood,vaginalsecretionsinfectionbythebreakageofthefetalskin,mucousmembrane;Theplacentastrippingwhentracebloodleakageintothefetalcirculation;Antenatalfetalinhalationinthemother'sblood,amnioticfluid,orthestages,vaginalsecretionsandinfection;乙肝兩對半的解讀9/13乙肝兩對半的解讀10/13為何乙肝歧視問題如此“根固”？

Whyso"deep"hepatitisbdiscrimination?1、乙肝患者人數(shù)過于龐大，造成人們對乙肝產(chǎn)生恐慌消極心理。Secondliverpatientnumberistoolarge,resultinginpeople'snegativepsychologicalpaniconhepatitisb.2、社會對于乙肝傳輸知識不正確宣傳，對人們造成誤導(dǎo)。Societytospreadknowledgeofhepatitisbisnotcorrectpropaganda,tomisleadpeople.3、乙肝宣傳教育力度不夠，使乙肝“妖魔化”。Hepatitisbeducationisnotstrongenough,makethehepatitisb"demonised"4、乙肝患者產(chǎn)生自卑心理，不敢正視自己疾病。Secondliverpatienthavelowself-esteem,darenotfaceuptohisillness.乙肝兩對半的解讀11/13乙肝不經(jīng)過消化道和呼吸道傳輸，所以日常接觸如握手、擁抱、一起工作、吃飯等普通不會被乙肝病毒傳輸。但若和乙肝患者共餐朋友有口腔潰瘍等，與乙肝患者有血液暴露接觸，是有可能會傳輸乙肝病毒。

Hepatitisbisnotspreadthroughthedigestivetractandrespiratorytract,socontactsuchasshakehands,hug,dailywork,suchaseatinggenerallywillnotbespreadhep