2021年3月公共英語三級(jí)考試真題及答案（閱讀）

2021年3月公共英語三級(jí)考試真題及答案（閱讀）2021年3月公共英語三級(jí)考試真題及答案（閱讀）距離2021年9月公共英語考試越來越近了，為了讓大家了解公共英語閱讀考試難易程度，yjbys網(wǎng)我為大家供應(yīng)了3月份公共英語考試真題及答案詳解，以下是3月份公共英語三級(jí)考試閱讀真題及答案。PartADirections:Readthefollowingtwotexts.AnswerthequestionsoneachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonyourANSWERSHEET.Text1Isabelhasturneddowntwojoboffersinthepastyear.In2021,shestartedherownconsultingpractice,butby2021,mostofherlargerclientshadtodropherbecauseoftheeconomy.In2021,shewasundertakingirregularassignmentsandknewsheneededasteadyjob.ThefirstjobsheconsideredwasDirectorofHRforacompanyinUtah.Aftertheinitialinterviews,shefeltthejobfitherexceptforthelocation.Still,sheflewwesttomeetthehiringmanager.ThehiringmanagerexplainedthatIsabelwasthetopcandidateforthejobbutthat,beforeshecontinuedwiththeprocess,sheshouldbetterunderstandthefirmsculture.ShedirectedIsabeltoseveralvideosofthecompanysCEO,whoregularlyappearedinfrontofthecompanyincostumeaspartofmoralebuildingexercisesandexpectedhisseniorleaderstodothesame.EventhoughIwasdesperateforajob,IknewIcouldntdothat,Isabelsays.Shecalledtherecruitertoturndownthejobandexplainedthatshedidntfeeltherewasaculturalfit.Afewmonthslater,sheinterviewedforanotherjob:adirectorofemployeerelationsatalocaluniversity.Afterseveralinterviews,thehiringmanagertoldherthejobwashersifshewantedit.Thejobhadmanypositives:itwasalow-stressenvironment,itofferedgreatbenefits,andtheuniversitywasanemployee-friendlyplace.ButthejobwasrelativelyjuniordespitethetitleandIsabelworrieditwouldntbechallengingenough.Finally,sheturneditdown.ItwouldbegreattohaveapaycheckandgreatbenefitsbutIwoulddefinitelyhavetroublesleepingatnight,shesays.Inbothcases,shewasfrankwiththehiringmanagersaboutwhyshewasnttakingthejobs.Inthepast,itfeltlikedating,Iwasworriedabouthurtingpeoplesfeelings,shesays.However,theyappreciatedherfranknessandthankedherforherhonesty.Shesaysitwashardtoturndownthejobsanditwasariskforherfinanciallybutshefeltshehadto.In2021,IsabeldidconsultingnowandthenfoundajobclosetoherhomerefusedseveraljobinterviewsranasuccessfulconsultingfirmIsabelturneddownthefirstjoboffermainlybecauseofitsCEOculturelocationrecruiterIsabelwasdissatisfiedwiththesecondjobduetoitsjuniorriflelowbenefitsEnvironmentlackofchallengeIsabelbelievedthatherrejectionofthejobswasharmfulsurprisingjustifiabletroublesomeAccordingtoIsabel,itisimportanttolookforjobswithlittlestresslookforjobswithgreatbenefitsbetruthfulindecliningjoboffersbecautiousindecliningjoboffersText2Youdonotusuallygetsomethingfornothing.Now,anewstudyrevealsthattheevolutionofanimprovedlearningabilitycouldcomeataparticularlyhighprice:anearlierdeath.Pastexperimentshavedemonstratedthatitisrelativelyeasy.throughselectivebreedingtomakerats,honeybeesand-thatgreatfavouriteofresearchers-fruitfliesalotbetteratlearning.Animalsthatarebetterlearnersshouldbecompetitiveand,thus,overtime,cometodominateapopulationbynaturalselection.Butimprovedlearningabilitydoesnotgetselectedamongsttheseanimalsinthewild.Noonereallyunderstandswhy.TadeuszKaweckiandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityofFribourginSwitzerlandhavemeasuredtheeffectsofimprovedlearningonthelivesoffruitflies.Thefliesweregiventwodifferentfruitsasegg-layingsites.Oneofthesewaslacedwithabitteradditivethatcouldbedetectedonlyoncontact.Theflieswerethengiventhesamefruitbutwithoutanadditive.Fliesthatavoidedthefruitwhichhadbeenbitterweredeemedtohavelearnedfromtheirexperience.Theirchildrenwererearedandtheexperimentwasrunagain.Afterrepeatingtheexperimentfor30generations,thechildrenofthelearnedflieswerecom-paredwithnormalflies.TheresearchersreportinaforthcomingeditionofEvolutionthatalthoughlearningabilitycouldbebredintoapopulationoffruitflies,itshortenedtheirlivesby15%.Whentheresearcherscomparedtheirlearnedfliestocoloniesselectivelybredtolivelonglives,theyfoundevengreaterdifferences.Whereaslearnedflieshadreducedtheirlifespans,thelong-livedflieslearnedlesswellthanevenaverageflies.Theauthorssuggestthatevolvinganimprovedlearningabilitymayrequireagreaterinvestmentinthenervoussystemwhichtakesresourcesawayfromprocessesthatdelayageing.However,Dr.Kaweckithinkstheeffectcouldalsobeaby-productofgreaterbrainactivityincreasingtheproductionofReactiveOxygenSpecies(ROS),whichcanincreaseoxidationinthebodyanddamagehealth.Nooneknowswhetherthephenomenonholdstrueforotheranimals.So,biologists,atleast,stillhavealottolearn.PastexperimentsproveselectivebreedingcanmakeanimalsbetterCommandersCompetitorssurvivorslearnersInthisexperiment,scientistsobservedthatsomefliesavoidedthefruitwithoutanaddictivesomefliespreferredthefruitwithanaddictivetheeggsoftheflieswerenotdamagedtheimpactonthefliesdidnotlastlongTheforthcomingreportsaysthatlong-livedfliesarebetteratlayingeggslong-livedfliesarepoorerinlearninglearnedflieshavearelativelylonglifelearnedfliesliveaslongasaverageonesAccordingtoDr.Kawecki,greaterbrainactivityreducesoxygenconsumptionregulatesthenervoussystemspeedsuptheageingprocessstabilizestheageingprocessWelearnfromthetextthattheresearchfindingsneedtobetestedfurtherbiologistsaredoingsimilarresearchonotheranimalstheanimalworldusuallyfollowsthesameuniversallawsbiologistsareapplyingtheirfindingstootherareas閱讀PartBDirections:Readthetextsfromamagazinearticleinwhichfivepeopletalkabouttippinginarestaurant.Forquestions36-40,matchthenameofeachpersontooneofthestatements(A-G)givenbelow.MarkyouranswersonyourANSWERSHEET.Richard:Ivealwaysviewedtippingasawayofsayingthankyoutotheonewhoservesme.Ibelievewhatisbadiswhennotipisleftatall.Thebettertheservice,thehigherthetip.Unlesstheserviceisliterallyperfect,Inevertipmorethan10%ofthebill.Muchliketheharderteachersinschool,Inevergiveaneasy"A.'Myassessmentishonest.Daniel:Atipisathankyou,butintruth,atipispaymentforservice.20%isastandardtip.Serversdeserveitfortheirhardwork.Restaurantswillneverpaymoreforlaborunlesstheyareforcedtodosobynewlaws.Tipsmakeupabout97%ofaserverstotalincome.Thosetipsareneededforsurvival.So,beforeserversarepaidalivingwage,tip20%.Kate:WhyshouldIpaythedifferencebetweenwhattherestaurantiswillingtopaytheemployeeandwhatanacceptablewageis?Idopay20%,butIhateit.AfriendofmineleftEuropeforNewYorkCity,foundajobinarestaurantthereandendedupmaking$5,500amonth.Enoughabovemini-mumwage?Howaboutminers,constructionworkers,residentdoctors,etc?Dotheygettipped?Patricia:18-20%forgoodserviceistodaysstandard.Therestaurantanditsemployeesarctoopolitetotellyouthisortoputitontheirmenus,butthatistheirexpectationandyouneedtounderstandthat.Ibelieveitisgoodmannerstorespectthis.Todootherwiseistobeopenlyrude.Ifyoudisagree,youarcwisetocatelsewhere,asyouarehurtingahardworkingprofessional.Michael:Tippinghasgottenoutofcontrol.Ialwayshadthoughtitwas15%,andnowsuddenlyservershavemadeit20%.Itip15%,andthatsit.Iftheserviceisreallysuperior,thenIworkhigherfromthere.Interestingtobetold,"Ifyoucantaffordtotip20%,thenyoushouldcatathome.'Ifallthosepeoplestayedaway,therestaurantwouldnotevenbeinbusiness.Nowmatchthenameofeachperson(36-40)totheappropriatestatement.Note:therearetwoextrastatements.StatementsRichardDaniel38.Kate39.Patricia40.MichaelItsrudenottotip.Idotip,thoughIdontlikeit.Tippingshouldntbecompulsory.Tipsareessentialtoserverssurvival.Ifyoudonttip,youarepunishingtheserver.Ithinkthecurrenttippingstandardistoohigh.Mytipfaithfullyreflectshowgoodtheserviceis.閱讀PartC:Directions:Readthefollowingtextfromwhichfivesentenceshavebeenremoved.ChoosefromthesentencesA-Gthemostsuitableonetofilleachnumberedgapinthetext(41-45).ThereareTWOextrasentencesthatyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonyourANSWERSHEET.In2021,thenumberofhungrypeopleintheworldreachedonebillionforthefirsttime.Itsdifficultnottobeshockedbythefactthatmorethanoneinsevenpeopleintheworlddonothaveenoughtoeat.41HungerkillsmorepeopleperyearthandiseasessuchasAIDS,malariaandTBcombined.TheUNestimatesthatalmosttwothirdsoftheworldshungrypeopleareinAsia,whichisofcoursetheworldsmostpopulouscontinent.42AlthoughthisregionhasamuchlowerpopulationthanAsia,ithasthehighestpercentageofhungrypeople.AlmostalloftherestareinLatinAmerica,NorthAfricaandtheCaribbean,Intherichestregionsoftheworldthereareonlyatinynumberofpeoplewhodonthaveenoughtoeat.Therearemanyreasonsforworldhunger.Theyincludewars,droughts,floods,andtheover-useoffanningland.43Manypeoplealsoblamegreedybusinessmenforpushingupthepricesofbasicfoodsintheglobalmarket.Butthemostimportantreason,quitesimply,ispoverty,whichhasincreasedrecentlyduetothefinancialcrisisof2021.Althoughmanypeoplemaketheobviouspointthattherewouldbelesshungeriftheglobalpopulationweresmaller,fewpeoplewouldarguethatthereisnotenoughfoodtogoaround.44Inthelast50years,globalfoodproductionhasrisenevenmorequicklythantheglobalpopulation.Therearemanyareasoftheworldinwhichpeoplegenerallyhavemorethanenoughfood.45Theanswertoworldhunger,therefore,maybeabalancedfooddistributionaroundthewholeworld.Everyonewillhaveenoughtoeat,butnotovereat.Thebasicproblemseemstobenotalackoffood,butitsdistribution.Morethanaquarterareinsub-SaharanAfrica.Allthesefactorsaffectfoodproduction.Ittakestheeffortofeverycountrytofightagainstworldhunger.Inthoseplaces,obesityisafarbiggerproblemthanhunger.Thoseplacesneedfarmorefoodthantheyactuallyget.Bytheendofthisyear,morethan35millionpeoplewillhavediedasaresultofnothavingenoughtoeat.閱讀PartD：Directions:Readthefollowingtextfromwhich10wordshavebeenremoved.ChoosefromthewordsA-0themostsuitableonetofilleachnumberedgapinthetext(46-55).ThereareFIVEextrawordsthatyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonyourANSWERSHEET.Icantbelievethekindofrubbishthatsomepeoplecallart.Yesterday,mygirlfrienddraggedmetoamodernart46toseeanexhibitionshehad