既往流行病學(xué)臨床試驗(yàn)

ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof概述 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof 的Smits等和威爾士國(guó)立醫(yī) ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof（）情況或健康狀況有無(wú)差 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)（fieldtrial），亦稱社 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof（2）社區(qū)試驗(yàn)（communityinterventionprogram,CIP）、生活方式干預(yù)試驗(yàn)（lifestyleintervention驗(yàn)（community-basedpublichealth ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof臨床試驗(yàn)（clinical象是。 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof 真實(shí)驗(yàn)（trueexperiment）： ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolofQIUYu-lanShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof1可以對(duì)研究對(duì)象的條件、 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof干預(yù)的效果（effectiveness）：是 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof臨床隨機(jī)對(duì)照 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof 參 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolofcontrolledtrial,RCT） ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof臨床試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)的組成 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof研究對(duì)象 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof 考慮失訪，可增加 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof增 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof臨床試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì) ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof④效應(yīng)（Hawthorne藥滿懷希望，這就可能造成更QIUYu-lanShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof（randomizedcontroltrial, ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolofrandomizedconcurrentcontroltrial,NRCCT） ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof交叉設(shè)計(jì)（cross-overdesign, ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof用 洗 無(wú)

安慰有有 無(wú) ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolofQIUYu-lanShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolofQIUYu-lanShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof（opentrial） ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof單盲（singleblind）是指只有 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof缺點(diǎn)：研究者方面帶來(lái)的偏倚 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof雙盲（doubleblind）是指研究 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof三盲（tripleblind）是指研究對(duì) ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof 分組（concealedrandom ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof隨機(jī)數(shù)字的分配必須在確定納入一 一個(gè) 一個(gè) ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof請(qǐng)新藥應(yīng)當(dāng)進(jìn)行I、II、III期臨 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof I期臨床試驗(yàn)：初步的臨床藥理 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolofII期臨床試驗(yàn)：治療作用初步評(píng) ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolofIII期臨床試驗(yàn)：治療作用確證關(guān)系，最終為藥物申請(qǐng)獲 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolofIV期臨床試驗(yàn)：新藥上市后由段。其目的是在廣泛使用 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof(multicenterclinicalQIUYu-lanShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof1.收集病例快，病例多，試驗(yàn)規(guī)2.由于涉及多個(gè)中心，所獲結(jié)論3.通過多中心研究者合作，能集 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof臨床試驗(yàn)資料的收集與 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof(二 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof(三(四 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof統(tǒng)計(jì)分析和療QIU ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof臨床試驗(yàn)的偏倚及其排除 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof退出 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof①不合格：研究者 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof②不依從（ （losstofollow-up）：研究對(duì) ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof(一 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof(treatmentreceived ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof(二 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof③結(jié)果難以確定：主要采 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof 例偏倚、偏倚、失訪偏 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof 等 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof臨床試驗(yàn)結(jié)果 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof治療的總例

治愈例治療的總例

ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof 人數(shù)某病受治療

ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof對(duì)照組的率實(shí)驗(yàn)組的率 率實(shí)驗(yàn) 率 ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof臨床試驗(yàn)應(yīng)注(clinical見即同一醫(yī)生對(duì)同一連續(xù)一的檢查結(jié)果不相符。QIUYu-lanShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitySchoolof ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity