2022-2023學(xué)年上海市上海中學(xué)高考模擬英語試卷

10/1111/11/試卷編號：230152022-2023學(xué)年全國普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試上海英語模擬試卷I.Listeningcomprehension略II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Willthecoronavirusbikeboomleadtogreenercities?Thecoronaviruspandemic(新冠疫1W)hasledtoanexplosionofinterestinbikesandbiking.Withthepandemic(21)__________(continue)tospread,peoplebeganlookingforwaysofgettingaroundthatdidn'tinvolvecrowdedformsofpublictransportation.Becausebikinghappensintheopenair,andthechanceofcatchingthecoronaviruswhileriding(22)__________(be)verylow,bikingisseenasasafewaytotravel.Inmanyplaces,governmentsareencouragingbikeuse.InItaly,forexample,thegovernmentitselfisofferingupto$575forpeopletobuynewbikes,whileFrancewillchipin$55tohelpriderswiththeirbikerepaircosts.Familiesappreciatebiking,too.Withschools(23)__________(close),andkidsunabletohangoutwiththeirfriends,bikingisawelcomeactivity.Formanypeople,(24) encouragesthemtoridebikesisthatbikingisfun.Butbikesarealsopractical.Expertssaythatforpeopleinsomecities,roughly60%oftheirtripscanbemadebybike.Manycitiesareseeingthisasanopportunity(25)__________(make)theirstreetssaferandgreener.Citiesaroundtheworldareaddingmilesandmilesofbikelanes(26)__________theirstreetstoencouragebiking.NewYorksaysitwillcloseoffupto100milesofroadssothey(27)__________beusedbybikersandwalkers.Oakland,Californiaplanstoclose74milestotraffic,(28)__________accountsforalmost10%ofthestreetsinthecity.Parishassetupover400milesofnewbikelanes.Carsandtrucks(29)__________(ban)from75milesofstreetsinBogota,Colombia.(30)__________manyofthesebikeslanesareonlybeingaddedforthetimebeing,ifchangesinbikinghabitsbecomepermanent,theycouldseriouslycutdowncartrafficandhelpmakecitiesalotgreener.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.actually B.considered C.copied D.inspiration E.mixture.F.observerG.scientifically H.started I.steep J.trendy K.versionExerciseAroundtheWorldKevinNotmanypeopleoutsideJapanhavecomeacrossRadioTaiso.Eachmorningat6:30youhearthispianosoundcomingoutoftheradioandeverywherepeoplestartdoingcalisthenics(gentlewarm-upexercises)togetreadyforthedayahead.They'regroupexercisesthateveryonecanjoininwith,athomeorinthepark.Peoplesaytheideawas_____31_____fromUSfactoriesinthe1920s.It'sfunandthey'resimplemovementsthatanyonecando,oldoryoung.Theygetthebrainworking,too.JoIdosomethingcalled“swogging”,a(n)_____32_____ofjoggingandswimming.The_____33_____camefromabookaboutpeopleintheCaucasusmountainswhocanlivetowelloverahundredandremainmentallyandphysicallyfit.Forgenerationsthey'vebeenwalkingdown_____34_____slopeseachdaytoswimincoldmountainstreams.Theideaoffreezingcoldwatermightputalotofpeopleoff,butit's_____35_____proventohelpyourcirculationandboostyourimmunesystem(免疫系統(tǒng))，becauseitgetsyourbody'sself-defensemechanismsworking.Thentheydryoffandclimbbackupthemountain.IdothesamethinginNorthWaleswhereIlive,butIjogtwomilestoalake.It'sinteresting,butI'vegotalittlewaytogobeforeIreachahundred!RashmiToanoutside_____36_____yogadoesn'tlookhard;it'sjustslowstretchingandholdingcertainpositions.Yogapractitionerscameupwiththeirown_____37_____ofthesaying"Don'tjustsitthere,dosomething,”whichis"Don'tjustdosomething,sitthere."But_____38_____,it'saverygoodworkout.LikealotofEasternexerciseregimes,itoffersamoreholistic（整體的）approachtohealthbycombiningphysicalfitnesswithmentalwell-being.Theideaistoconcentrateonyourbreathingtomakemovementeasierandreducetension.Althoughit_____39_____outinIndia,onlyasmallproportionofthepopulationtherepracticeyogaseriously.RecentlymoreIndianshavetakenituppartlybecausethey'veseenitbecome_____40_____intheWest.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Technologyisconnectingusinwaysneverseenbeforeinhumanhistory.Howwillthatchangeoursocieties,ourrelationships,ourselves?That'sthequestionthat_____41_____MichaelWesch.Thelasttimecommunicationstechnologyhadsuchawide-rangingimpactwas500yearsagowiththeinventionoftheprintingpress.Beingabletoprinttextsinsteadofwritingthembyhand_____42_____theworld.Itchangedthewaypeoplecouldcommunicatewitheachother.Suddenly,multiplecopiesofbookscouldbemadequicklyandeasily.Asmorebooksbecame_____43_____,ideasspreadmuchmorerapidly.Butwhatwillbetheimpactofdigitaltechnology,themostpowerful_____44_____toolwehaveeverseen?MichaelWescharguesthatcommunicationis_____45_____toourrelationships,soitfollowsthatachangeinthewaywecommunicatewillchangethoserelationships.Wesch,auniversityprofessor,exploresdigitalcommunicationinhiswork._____46_____,WeschandhisstudentslookatsocialnetworkingandotherinteractiveInternettoolslikeYouTube.WhenpeoplecreateandsharepersonalvideosonYouTube,anyoneanywherecanwatchthem.Weschsaysthatthis_____47_____somepeoplefeelingasortofdeepconnectionwiththeentireworld.Butit'snota_____48_____astheconnectionyoufeelwithamemberofyourfamily.Infact,asWeschsays,it'sarelationshipwithoutanyreal_____49_____thatyoucanturnoffatanymoment.SodoesitmakesensetotalkaboutaYouTube“community”?Weschhimself_____50_____theimpactofdigitalmediawhenhecreatedandpostedhisownshortvideoonYouTube.Itattractedimmediateattentionandhasbeenviewedmillionsoftimes.Inhisvideo,hetellsusthatwebpagesget100billionhitsadayandthatanewblogisstartedeveryhalfsecond.Heasksusto_____51_____thepowerofthistechnologyandhowweuseit.Whatcouldwedowithit?Whatisitspotential?_____52_____theuniversityintherealworld,Weschbelievesit'scrucialforpeopletobeabletousethenewenvironmentofdigitalmediaforthegreatestpossibleimpact."It'sthe_____53_____ofourtimesthatwearenowsoconnectedwefailtoseeit.Iwanttobelievethattechnologycanhelpusseerelationshipsandglobalconnectionsin_____54_____newways.It'sprettyamazingthatIhavethislittleboxsittingonmydeskthroughwhichIcantalktoanyoneofabillionpeople.Andyetdoanyofusreally_____55_____allthepotentialthat'sthere?41.A.awakens B.interests C.dominates D.terrifies42.A.separated B.oppressed C.overestimated D.transformed43.A,outdated B.original C.cheap D.available44.A.connecting B.designing C.printing D.copying45.A.opposed B.attached C.possible D.fundamental46.A.Inaddition B.Inparticular C.Insummary D.Indetail47.A.leadsto B.sortsout C.takesdown D.makesfor48.A.healthy B.virtual C.real D.working49.A.choice B.reference C.responsibility D.downside50.A.experienced B.avoided C.underrated D.disliked51.A.turnto B.thinkabout C.makeup D.setaside52.A.Outside B.Opposite C.Against D.Inside53.A.debate B.end C.tragedy D.achievement54.A.pointless B.positive C.personal D.peaceful55.A.damage B.affect C.use D.forgetSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)BlakeMycoskesetuphisfirstbusiness,EZLaundry,adoor-to-doorlaundryserviceforstudents,whenhewasstillincollege.HavinggrownthecompanytoservicesevencollegesinthesouthwesternUS,hesoldhissharetohisbusinesspartnerandmovedontoamediaadvertisingbusinessinNashville.ThishesoldtoClearChannel,oneoftheindustry'sleadingcompanies.Threemorebusinesseslater,stillonly29yearsold,andfeelingsomewhatburnedout,MycoskiedecidedtogiveitabreakforawhileandheaddowntoArgentina.Butrestingwasn'treallyinhisnature,anditwasn'tlongbeforeMycoskiehadhituponanideathatwouldcometodefinehimasasocialentrepreneur(企業(yè)家).OnavisittoavillageoutsideBuenosAires,hewasshockedtoseethatmanyofthechildrendidn'thaveanyshoesor,iftheydid,theshoeswerewornoutanddidn'tfit.Sinceshoes,particularlythelocalfarmers'canvas(帆布)shoe,thealpargata,canbeboughtrelativelycheaplyinArgentina,Mycoskie'sfirstinstinctwastosetupacharitytodonateshoestothechildren.Butaftergivingitsomethought,herealizedthatthiswasnotamodelthatwouldwork.Onepairofshoesperchildwouldnotmakethatmuchdifferencebecausetheywearout.Andifheaskedpeopletodonaterepeatedly,sympathyforthecausemightalsowearoutprettyquickly.InsteadhecameupwiththeideaofTOMSOneforOneShoes.HewouldtakethealpargatatoAmerica,manufactureitandsellitasahigh-endfashionitemataround$50apair.Foreachpairhesold,hewoulddonateanothertoshoelesschildren,guaranteeingacontinualsupply.Also,ratherthanrunningacharity,somethinghehadnorealexperiencein,hecouldruntheprojectasabusiness.Severalyearslater,thebusinessisbooming,supplyingshoesnotonlytochildreninArgentinabutalsootherpartsoftheworldwherefootdiseasesareaproblem.Mycoskiehadnomanufacturingexperienceandunderstoodthathehadtolearnfast.Forthefirsteighteenmonths,byhisownadmission,hemade"apoorjobofmakingshoes:butsincethenhehasbroughtinhelpfromexperiencedindustrypeople.ThevitalelementthatMycoskieaddedwashispassion—apassionhewantsotherstoshare.OnecriticismofinitiativeslikeTOMSisthatthemoneyspentbycustomersmightotherwisehavegonedirectlytocharities.SoMycoskieencourageshiscustomerstobecomemoreinvolvedwithTOMSbyvolunteeringtohand-delivertheshoestochildreninneed.It'sagivingexperienceandhehopesitmightinspiresomeofthevolunteerstodevelopsimilarprojects.56.WhydidBlakeMycoskegotoArgentina?A.Tolookforideas.B.Tobeclosetonature.C.Torelaxhimself.D.Tostarthisnewbusiness.57.BlakeMycoskegaveuptheideaofsettingupacharitytodonateshoestothekidsbecause________.A.hefounditwasn'talong-termsolutionB.hefoundtheshoesweren'tgoodinqualityC.hefoundpeopledidn'tshowenoughsympathyD.hefoundthekidsdidn'tlikethetraditionalshoes58.HowdidMycoskierespondtothecriticismoftheprojectslikeTOMS?A.Heinspiredothersimilarprojects.B.Hedonatedmoremoneytocharity.C.Heturnedhiscustomersintovolunteers.D.Hehand-deliveredshoestothekidsbyhimself.59.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheFutureofShoeMaking C.AnExperiencedEntrepreneurC.AnExperiencedEntrepreneur. D.TheShoeGiver(B)SearchBlog.Flag.Blog.NextBlogIAM...MRTREBUSSomeyearsago,an80-year-oldmanhittheheadlineswhenthelocalcounciltriedtoforcehimoutofhisownhouseinLondon.Mr.Trebus,who'dhadtoleavehishometowninPolandafterGermanyinvadedatthebeginningoftheSecondWorldWar,laterservedasatankcommanderintheBritisharmy.AfterhesettledinLondon,hebegancollectingallkindsofthings,Hewouldtourthelocalneighbourhoodrecoveringthingsfrombinsthatothershadseenasmererubbish.Hethentookthisjunkhomeandsorteditintopilesofsimilarthings:aroompackedwithvacuumcleaners,acomerforolddoors,anotherforwindows.HealsomanagedtoacquirepracticallyeveryrecordElvisPresleyevermade.Bythetimethecouncilcametoevict(驅(qū)逐)theoldman,hehadjustatinyspaceinhiskitchentolivein,surroundedbypilesofoldnewspapersandchildren'stoys.Yetheresistedeviction,arguingthateverythinghekeptwasuseful.Hewascleverlyover-the-top?butlet5sfaceit,there'sabitofMrTrebusinmostofus.Howmanycollectorsdoyouknow?PersonallyIhaveboxesofoldcomicsintheattic,whichIdon't.read,butcan'tgetridof.Whohasn'tmadesomeimpulsepurchase,whichhasthenbeenleftlyinginsomecupboardforyears?Howmanyofyouhaveadrawerlikemineinthekitchen:adrawerfallofcautionandfear,stuffedwithgoodintentions;packedwithoptimismandmeannessand,ofcourse,allrubbish?Inmydrawer,thereareanumberofinstructionsandguaranteesforthingsI'veboughtovertheyears,justincasetheybreakdownorIforgethowtousethem.TherearealsoalargenumberofdeadbatterieswhichI'vebeenmeaningtotaketotherecyclingcentreandanumberofleaflets—oneaboutalocalgymIstillhaven'tjoined.Therearevariousoddscrews,nailsandpins(I'dhavetobuynewpacksifIdidn'tkeepthem),abrokencup(Imustbuysomegluetostickitbacktogether),andfinallyalargenumberofforeigncoins(theymightbecollector'sitemsoneday,theymightbevaluable).COMMENTSRedyellowblueComeon!Getalife!Justthrowitallout!Dani79...eDost.Ontopofmycupboard,there'saboxofstuffIdidwhenIWASatprimaryschool.IreadyourblogandIthought'whatdoIneeditfor?'ButthenIlookedatthosecutedrawings,myfunnyhandwritingand...Icouldn'tgetridofitandputtheboxawayagain.Don'tfeelguiltyaboutit!TimR1975.Sowe'reallabitlikeTrebus,butifsdifficulttosympathisewhenyoulivewithsomeonelikemyflatmate,whohas300pairsofshoes.AreyousuggestingIshouldjustputupwithit?Proshrink IamapsychologistandIreadyourpostwithinterest.Ithinkyou'reverybravetoadmitthatyouhavesomethingincommonwithMrTrebus,andIhopeyouradmissionhelpsafewmorepeoplethinkabouttheissue.Actually,aroundoneintwentypeoplehasaproblemlikethis.Researchsuggestsit'satleastpartlygenetic,butifwe'rehonest,we5reallpotentialhoarders.Weallwanttokeepthingswethinkwemayonedayneed—andweallwantthingstostayaswerememberthemtoo.It'saveryfineline.60.Why...esthebloggeruse"IAM...MRTREBUS”asthetitleoftheblog?A.BothMrTrebusandhesurvivedaterriblewar.B.HehasknownMrTrebusforalongtime.C.MrTrebusandhehaveasimilarhobby.D.HewouldliketobeanotherMrTrebus.61._________takeanegativeattitudetowardstheblogger'sbehaviour.A.Dani79andTimR1975.B.Dani79andProshrink.C.RedyellowblueandProshrink.D.RedyellowblueandTimR197562."Hoarders"refertothosewho_________. A.lovestoringthings. B.admitbeingdishonest.C.throwawayunnecessarythings. D.areinterestedinpsychology（C）Jackdaws(寒鴉)switchbetweentwosetsflocking(聚集)ruleswithdifferingresults,newresearchhasfound.Flocksflyingtowinterroosts(居住地)areorderlynomatterhowmanybirdstheycontain;thosetryingtofightoffenemiesareinitiallydisorganizedwhentheirnumbersaresmallandthensuddenlyfliptoorderonceenoughbirdsjoinin.Swimmingbacteria,marchinglocusts,schoolingfishandflockingbirdsallfunctionasunits.Thisphenomenoncanemergewhenindividualagentsfollowingthesamerulescometogether,saysAlexThornton,whostudiescognitiveevolutionattheUniversityofExeterinEngland."Wegotusedtothinkingofcollectivebehaviorasthisalmostphysicalphenomenon/"hesays."Sotheideathatanimalsmightactuallychangetherulesthattheyusewhentheirenvironmentandwhatthey'retryingtoachievearedifferentisquitenovelandexciting.”TheresearchersfilmedflockingwildjackdawsinCornwall,England,withfourhigh-speedcameras,chartingindividuals?positionsandflyingcourses.Ofthe16flocksrecorded,sixwere"transitflocks"—ackdawsreturningtotheirroostsonwinterevenings.Inthesegroups,regardlessofsize,eachjackdawadjusteditscoursebasedonafixednumberofneighborsandalwaysmaintainedorder.Toinitiate"mobbingflocks,"theresearcherspresentedtogroupsofjackdawsafakefoxholdingafake,flappingbirdandplayedalarmcallsthatthebirdscommonlyusetowarnotherbirdsagainstenemies.Inthiscontext,jackdawsinsteadnavigatedbytrackingallbirdsthatwerewithinafixeddistance."Withtheserules,youhaveemergenceoforderfrommess,”Thorntonsays."Smallflocksaredisorganized.Whenthedensityoftheflockreachesacertainlevel,suddenlythereisorder—muchlikehowagastransitionsintoaliquid."Thesetransitionshaveneverbeenobservedinbirdsbefore,headds.“Whatourworkshowsisthatyoucannotignoretheexternalenvironmentintryingtomodelcollectivebehaviorinbiologicalsystems—saysNicholasOuellette,aphysicistatStanfordUniversityandco-authoronthestudy.Drawinginspirationfromjackdaws,hesays,engineerscouldsomedayusecontext-dependentresponsestobuildteamsofdronesthatworktogetherforfirefighting,surveyingandsearch-and-rescuemissions:"Itallowsyoutothinkaboutdesigningsystemsthataremoreflexible,thatcanchangetherulestomakethebehaviormoreproper?"63.WhatdoesAlexThornton5snewresearchfindaboutJackdaws?A.Theyvarytheruleswithwhichtheygather.B.Theyfunctionasunitswhileflyingtowinterroosts.C.Theytendtoflyapartwhenmeetingwithenemies.D.Theygetdisorganizetowaitformorebirdstojoinin.64.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueof"transitflocks”?A.Theyarenormallybiginsize.B.Theyarealwaysingoodorder.C.Themembersseldomchangedtheircourses.D.Themembersfinddirectionbytrackingfarawaybirds.65.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthetransitionsofagasintoaliquidareprocessesinwhich_________.A.messturnsintoorderB.densityremainsthesameC.changesoftenhappenslowlybutsteadilyD.moleculeskeepafixeddistancefromeachother66.NicholasOuelletteisquotedinthepassageinorderto________.A.highlighttheflexibilityofflockingbirdsB.revealhowcontext-dependentresponsesoccurC.showhowtheresearchfindingscanbeappliedtopracticeD.callattentiontotheimportanceoftheexternalenvironmentSectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Inhisbook,TheComingoftheFairies,heinsistedthatthephotographstakenbytwoyounggirls,couldnothavebeenfaked.B.Despiteheartproblems,ConanDoylewentonalecturetourofEuropein1929.C.Thepoormanwastryingtocomforthimselfinthesethings.D.HisresultingdepressionledDoyletoinvestigatespiritualism.E.ConanDoyle'sfirstmedicalpracticewasslowtotakeoff.F.ButwhenhekilledSherlockoffinonestory,therewasahugepublicoutcry.SirArthurConanDoyleSirArthurConanDoylewasbornonMay22,1859,inEdinburgh,asArthurDoyle(helaterusedhismiddlename,Conan,aspartofhissurname).Hisfather,acivilservantandfrustratedartist,becameanalcoholic,andArthurwassenttoboardingschoolinEngland.HewentontostudymedicineatEdinburghUniversity,whereoneteacher,DrJosephBell,madeabigimpressiononhim.Aweirdcharacterinhislongcoatanddeerstalkerhat,Bellhadanunusualabilitytodiagnosepatientspurelybyreasoninglogicallyfromtheirappearance.________67________Whilewaitingforpatients,hewrotefiction.Itwasmanyyearsbeforehisfirstnovelwaspublished,introducingthedetectiveSherlockHolmes,whowasclearlybasedonDrBell.AseriesofSherlockHolmesstoriesfollowed.Doylegrewtiredofwritingthem.________68________So,Doylehadtobringhimbacktolife,Doylecombinedwritingwithakeeninterestinsport;heplayedfirstclasscricketandwasgoalkeeperforPortsmouthAFC.Moresurprising,giventheultra-rational(特別理性的)characterofSherlockHolmes,wasDoyle‘sfascinationwiththesupernatural.In1893,Doyle'sfatherdied,andhiswifeLouisawasgivenmonthstolive.________69________Later,duringWorldWarI,helostseveralfamilymembers,andhebecameespeciallydesperatetomakecontactwithhisdeadson.DoyleremarriedafterhisfirstwifeLouisa'sdeath.Hissecondwife,Jean,becameamedium,andDoyledevotedallhistimetogivinglecturesandwritingaboutsupernaturalphenomena.________70________HereturnedinpainandwasbedriddenuntilhisdeathonJuly7,1930(thoughshortlybeforehediedhewasfoundlyinginthegarden,clutchinghisheartwithonehandandholdingaflowerintheother).IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassage.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.FishyWeatherHaveyoueverheardsomeonesay,“Itsrainingcatsanddogs"?It'safigureofspeech—noonehaseverseenittrulyraincatsanddogs.However,weirdweatherdoeshappen.Fish,frogs,andevenspidershavefallenfromtheskyduringstorms!Someplacesgetalotofweirdweather.Yoro,acityinHonduras,isonesuchplace.There,animalsfallfromtheskysooftenthatkidslearnaboutitinschool.However,mostpeopledon'tbelieveituntiltheyseeit.WhenMiguelEspinozamovedtoYoro,hethoughtthestorieswerejustlegends.Thenoneafternoon,hesawadarkcloudinthesky."Ifeltsomethinghitmyhat,andIsawashinyflutter,"hesaid."Itwasafish!"Hundredsofsilverfishfelllikewrigglingraindrops.Scientistscanexplaintherainingfish.Stormswithstrongwinds,suchaswaterspoutsandtornadoes,cansuckupwaterastheypassoverrivers,lakes,oroceans.Thewindswillalsosuckupwhateverisswimminginthatwater!Thesestormscanthencarrytheanimalsformanymiles.Whenthewindsstarttodiedown,theydropthewaterandanimals.Fisharethemostcommonanimalscarriedbystorms,buttheyaren'ttheonlyones.In2005,thousandsoftinyfrogsraineddownonacityinSerbia.Amazingly,frogswerestillaliveaftertheyfelltotheground.Andin2007,amannamedChristianGaonawasvisitingnorthernArgentinawhenheexperiencedaverycreepyrain.Dozensofspidersfellfromthesky!Christiansnappedsomepicturesoftherainingspiders.Otherwise,hisfriendsmightneverhavebelievedhisunusualstory.Overall,animalrainstormsaren'tverycommon.Inmostyears,fewerthantenanimalstonnsarereportedarou