初中英語語法梳理和提高――形容詞和副詞講解試題解讀

初中英語語法梳理和提升一一形容詞和副詞講解試題形容詞和副詞知識梳理：大綱挈領(lǐng)，抓住要點和難點！一、形容詞用來修飾名詞，表示人或事物的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特點的詞，叫形容詞形容詞的作用，見下表：作用例句Youcanseealotof疋語beautifulflowersinthegarden.Yourcoatistoo表語small賓語補足語Theoldwomankeepseverythingcleanandtidy.注意：有些形容詞只好作表語，如：alone,afraid,asleep等。比方:Don'twakethesleepingbabyup.Heisasleep.Theoldmanisalone.形容詞用來修飾something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代詞，要放在這些詞的后邊。比方：You'dbettertellussomethinginteresting.Thepolicefoundnothingstrangeintheroom.多個形容詞做定語時擺列的先后序次是：1）冠詞或人稱代詞2）數(shù)詞3）性質(zhì)4）大小5）形狀6）表示老少，新舊7）顏色8）事務(wù)、質(zhì)地、人的國籍、用途。比方：Hisgrandpastilllivesinthissmallshorthouse.他爺爺還住在這個矮小的房子里。ThewomanboughttwobeautifulChineseplates.那個婦女買了兩個美麗的中國盤子。形容詞名詞化：有些形容詞前加定冠詞后變?yōu)槊~，表示一類人，謂語常用復(fù)數(shù)。這種詞有：rich/poor;good/bad;young/old;healthy/ill;living/dead;black/white（表示人種等。比方：Theyoungshouldtakegoodcareoftheold.年輕人應(yīng)該好好照料老人。Therichneverhelpthepoorinthiscountry.在這個國家，富人素來不幫助窮人。表示數(shù)目的詞組。如：Oneday,ayoungman,twenty-fiveyearsold,cametovisittheprofessor.有一天，一位25歲的年輕人來拜見這位教授。Iliveinabuildingaboutfiftymetershigh.我住在一做大體50米高的大樓里。形容詞短語做定語時要后置。如：Theyarethestudentseasytoteach.他們是很簡單較的學(xué)生。Weliveinahousemuchlargerthanyours.我們住的房子比你們的大得多。else要放在疑問代詞或復(fù)合不定詞此后。如：Didyouseeanybodyelse?你看到其他人了嗎？二、副詞英語中副詞的地址和漢語不盡同樣，它的地址比較靈便。平時用作狀語修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞等。下邊來介紹一下副詞的分類方法：多數(shù)副詞都能夠放在它所修飾的動詞后邊。如：Wearelivinghappily.我們幸福的生活著。Herunsslowly.他跑的很慢。時間副詞、地址副詞和方式副詞一般放在句末。如：Theywenttotheparkyesterdaymorning.昨天上午他們?nèi)ス珗@了。IheardhimsingEnglishsongsoverthere.我聽見他在那里唱英語歌曲。Hedrovethejeepcarefully.他小心地開著吉普。注意：有時表示時間的副詞也可放在句首，起重申作用。如：YesterdayIgotuplate.昨天我起床很晚。頻度副詞一般放在be動詞、神情動詞及第一個助動詞此后，實義動詞從前如：Heisseldomill.他極少生病。Youmustalwaysrememberthis.你必然要記住這一點。Ioftenwritetomyparents.我經(jīng)常寫信給父親母親。Doyouusuallygotoschoolonfoot.你經(jīng)常走路去上學(xué)？HehasneverbeentoBeijing.他素來沒有去過北京。注意：有時為了增強語氣，頻度副詞也可放在句首。如：Sometimesshegoestoschoolbybusandsometimesshegoestoschoolbybike.有時她乘公共汽車上學(xué)，有時騎自行車去。程度副詞修飾動詞時，與頻度副詞同樣，修飾形容詞和副詞時，放在它所修飾的詞前面。如：That'squiteearly.那很早。Inearlymissedthebus.我?guī)缀蹂e過了公交車。Shedidratherbadly.她干得相當糟。否定副詞一般放在動詞從前、系動詞be或助動詞此后。如：Sheseldomgoesoutatnight.她夜晚極少出門。Iamneverlateforschool.我上學(xué)從不遲到。Wehadhardlygottothestationwhenthetrainleft.火車走開時，我們差不多/幾乎到了車站。疑問副詞放在特別疑問句的句首。如：Whencanyoucome?你什么時候來？Howmanydaysarethereinamonth?一個月有多少天？Whatareyougoingtodowhenyougrowup?張大今后，你打算干什么？Wherewereyouborn?你是在那處出生的？Whydidn'thecome?他為何沒有來？關(guān)系副詞when,where,why指引定語從句時，位于從句從前、所修飾的詞此后。如:Tellmethereasonwhyyoudidit.把你這樣做的原因告訴我。It'sthesortofdaywhenyou'dliketostayinbed.這是個令人戀床不起的日子。Idon'tknowtheplacewherewewillgo.我不知道我們將要去的地方。同時存在時間狀語和地址狀語時，時間狀語一般放在后邊。如：Themeetingwillbeheldintheclassroomtomorrow.明日會議將在教室里舉行。HewatchedTVinhisroomlastnight.他作晚在房間里看電視。TheyarrivedinBeijingat8o'clocklastevening.他們昨天夜晚8:00到達北京。注：有些詞既可用做形容詞也可副詞。如：late,wide,well,fast,easy,early等Theroadissowidethat8busescangothrowitatatime.Openyourmouthwide.三、形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高等形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高等的變化方法以下：吻合規(guī)則的：直接加-er;-esttall-taller-tallestnice-nicer-ni加-r;-stcest以e結(jié)尾的詞dry-drier-driestheavy-heavier-heaviest以“輔音+y”結(jié)尾的詞變y為i再加-er;-est輔音字母雙寫，再加-est

-er;以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的詞

thin-thinner-thinnest例詞moredelicious多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)單詞在詞前加more;mostmostdelicious2）幾個不規(guī)則的形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高等以下表:原級比較級最高等good,wellbetterbestbad,illworseworstlittlelessleastmany

far,much

farther/furthermore

farthest/furthestmost形容詞和副詞比較級的用法級別

比較程度

表達方式和意義

例句

備注原同肯Artisasinteresting等疋As+原級+asasmusic.程形（像同樣Playaswellas級度式y(tǒng)oucan.否not+so(as疋+原級+as形(不如那樣式不同樣程度比較（用于二者級比較）比較級+and+比較級（越來程度越)加深The+比較級，the+比較級（越

Englishisnotsodifficultasscienee.ShedoesnotstudysowellasIdo.比較級+than(比Heisgrowingtallerandtaller.Hestudiesbetterandbetter.Themorebooksshereads,the

JimisolderthanLuky.Ilikeporkbetterthanbeef.

比較級前面能夠加much,far,even,still,alot,alittle,abit越)bettersheunderstand.注意：有些形容詞，如比較級。dead,empty,round,sure,woolen等受自己含義的限制，沒有例題剖析：貫通融會，學(xué)的更輕松!Heis_______friendsthanI.A.muchmoreB.manymoreC.verymoreD.toomoremany的比較級形式為manymore修飾。剖析：后邊有可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時,應(yīng)選B.Springisthebestseason最高程度The+最高等+ofoftheyear.副詞最咼級前面最高等（用于三者或(inLinTao的the經(jīng)常省略三者以上）(最....jumped(thefarthestofall.B.moredevelopingD.A.moredevelopedC.mostdevelopedmostdeveloping剖析：二者比較用比較級,中的”表示”發(fā)達”用developed,而developing是”發(fā)展意思2.Whichisthe________country,JapanorAustralia?Therewere_______shopsinthecityin1982thanin1990.A.littleB.fewC.fewerD.less剖析：little不能夠修飾可數(shù)名詞，二者比較需用比較級,所以應(yīng)選C.4.Ifyouarenotfreetoday,comeanotherday________.A.tooB.soC.insteadD.yet剖析：instead

作副詞用時意為

”取代，頂替

”，表示前面的事情沒做，

而是做了后面的事。Instead

一般位于句首。應(yīng)選

C.5.Hecan'ttellus________,Ithink.A.importantanythingB.anythingimportantC.importantsomethingD.somethingimportant.剖析：不定代詞與形容詞聯(lián)用需后置，否定句中應(yīng)該用anything而不是something.所以應(yīng)選B6.TheHuangRiveristhesecond________riverinourcountry.A.longB.IongerC.IongestD.theIongest剖析："定冠詞the+序數(shù)詞+””"應(yīng)選C.形容詞最高等表示第幾大7.Thelightintheofficewasn't______forhimtoread.A.enoughbrightB.brightenoughC.brightlyD.enoughbrightly剖析：enough修飾名詞時可前可后，修飾形容詞或副詞時，要后置。應(yīng)選B.8.Therewasanaccidentatthecorner.______,thegirlwasn't________hurt.A.luckily,badlyB.luck,hardlyC.Lucky,heavilyD.Lucky,strongly剖析：第一空修飾全句需用副詞，第二空修飾形容詞hurt也要用副詞，所以選A.9.Youmustkeepyoureyes________whenyoudoeyeexercises.A.closeB.openC.closedD.,opened剖析：此處需用形容詞做賓語補足語。應(yīng)選C.10.Fivedayshaspassed,butIhaven'tfinishedhalfofthework.______,A.alreadyB.stillC.tooD.yet剖析：already與yet都可用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。Already常用于必然句，而yet常用與否定句。應(yīng)選D.練習與牢固：勤能補拙，獲得好成績!選擇最正確答案填空:B.muchdifficultD.themostA.difficultdifficultDon'tworry,sir.I'msureIcanrun________tocatchupwiththem.A.slowlyenoughB.enoughslowlyC.fastenoughD.enoughfast2.Thetextisveryeasyforyou.Thereare________newwordsinit.A.afewB.alittleC.fewD.little3.It'ssuchan________filmthatallthestudentsare______init.A.interesting;interestedB.interested;interestiC.interestnging;interestingD.interested;interested;interested4.Mingminggotupvery______,sohecametoschoolhalfanhour______A.late;latelyB.lately;lateC.lately;latelyD.late;late5.Iam_______worriedaboutyparents'healthyconditions.A.sometimesB.sometimeC.sometimesD.sometimes6.Wedon'thave_______everyday.A.alotofschoolworksB.manyschoolworkC.anyschoolworksD.muchschoolwork7.-Look!Howfastthetwohorsesarerunning!--Oh,yes!Theyarenearly______.A.upanddownB.slowerandslowerC.moreorlessD.neckandneck8._____childrenthereareinfamily,______theirlifewillbe.A.Theless;thebetterB.Thefewer;thebetterC.Fewer;richerD.More;poorer9.MostofthepeopleinGuangdongaregetting______A.moreandmorerichB.morerichandmorerichC.richerandricherD.richerandrichest10.Whichlessonis______,thisoneorthatone?C.moredifficult11."A_____accidenthappenedat7:30a.m."saidthepoliceman______A.serious,seriousB.seriously,seriouslyC.seriously,seriousserious,seriously

D.______isitfromourschooltoLupuBridge?A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.Howmuch13.Inourcity,itis____inJuly,butitiseven________inAugust.A.hotter;hottestB.hot;hotC.hotter;hotD.hot;hotter14.Thispencilis_____thatone.A.solongasB.asIongerasC.IongerthanD.notasIongestas15.Thestationistwokilometers_____thehospital.A.awaytoB.farawayC.farfromD.awayfrom16.Beijinghas____manybusesthatthereisoftenatrafficjaminrushhours.A.soB.veryC.tooD.much17.Thisboxis_____heavy________Ican'tcarryit.A.too,toB.so,thatC.very,thatD.too,that18.Indiahasthesecond______populationintheworld.A.largerB.mostC.smallestD.largest19.Maryreceived_______manypostcardsatChristmas.A.soB.suchC.tooD.even20.Thecakesmells_____.Pleasethrowitaway.A.goodB.badlyC.badD.well21.---Whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday?---Itwasterrible.Itrainedso________thatpeoplecould_______goout.A.hardlyhardB.hardlyhardlyC.hardhardlyD.hardhardThemeetingwillbeheldinhalfanhour,buttheyhaven'tgoteverythingready___.A.everB.alreadyD.stillC.yet23.---WhatabouttheEnglishnovel?---It'snotverydifficult.Thereareonly_________newwordsinit.A.fewB.afewC.manyD.alittle24.Howbeautifulshesing