英語(yǔ)閱讀理解主旨?xì)w納解題技巧

做好閱讀理解，我們要具備哪些能力？第1頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第一頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。1、細(xì)節(jié)理解題2、詞義猜測(cè)題3、推理判斷題4、主旨?xì)w納題作者意圖、態(tài)度題文章結(jié)構(gòu)題閱讀理解考察題型：第2頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第二頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。主旨?xì)w納題第3頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第三頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。Questionforms:1.Themaintopic/subjectofthepassageis_____.

2.Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext/***paragraph？

3.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？

4.Thepurposeofthispassageis_____.

5.Thepassagemainlyfocusedon_____.

6.Whatwouldbethebesttitle/topic/headlineofthetext？第4頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第四頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。主題句定位法一個(gè)段落或一篇文章一般主題只能有一個(gè)，其他的內(nèi)容都起說明、論證作用。段落中其它的句子或文章的其它段落是用來解釋、支撐或發(fā)展主題句所表述的主題思想。第5頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第五頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。其他解題技巧1.正向法：速讀文章，找主題句或自己概括主題，從選項(xiàng)中找出最符合的。2.逆向法：假設(shè)題目中的選項(xiàng)為標(biāo)題，其寫法是否與所給文章一致。3.統(tǒng)計(jì)法：有些段落文章有多個(gè)句子段落，各句段主題可能完全不同，此時(shí)應(yīng)選擇涉及最多的選項(xiàng)。第6頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第六頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。干擾項(xiàng)的陷阱1.以偏概全，干擾項(xiàng)故意片面地理解文章，把文章中出現(xiàn)過的某一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)當(dāng)成整篇文章的主題。2.放大或縮小文章的主題，把文章的主題進(jìn)行放大或者縮小。3.偷換概念，文章講的主題被換成相關(guān)但不同的主題。第7頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第七頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。Let’spracticeHowtogetthemainideaofaparagraph?第8頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第八頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。1SmokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourExperimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?（1.5分鐘）

Smokingcancausecancer.SmokingisaterriblekillerSmokingisharmfultoourhealth.Anexperimentonsmoking.Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Practice：第9頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第九頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。2

Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessionalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.（1分鐘）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

Aprofessionalcriminallooksmoreinnocentthanothers.Don’tjudgeothersbyappearance.

So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance第10頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第十頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。

3Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only＄79.Twodayssale.Hu--rry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy.Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel.Amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”Itcosts＄395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.(2.5分鐘)Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_________.A.BuyingATVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSaleThissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.(detail)(detail)(detail)誘售法第11頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第十一頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。4AcoupleofyearsagoItookthefamilyonawintervacationtoNewYorkcitytoexperiencetheholidayatmosphere.Thelongestlinesthatweekweren’tinthehalloftheempirestatebuilding,attheStatueofLibertyferryoranyofNewYork'sotherlandmarks,butinthesquareatFifthavenueand58Street,wherethecrowdtogetintoFAOSchwarz(atoystore)snakedaroundtheblock.Theauthorwantstotellus____inthisPara.A.thedistributionofpeople.B.thepoortrafficconditions.C.thepopularityofatoystoreD.theniceholidayatmosphere.第12頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第十二頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。Howtogetthemainideaofapassage?第13頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第十三頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。5

①M(fèi)agellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.

②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.

③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.（4分鐘）

Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Magellan’sdeathB.GoingAroundTheWorldC.TheWorldIsRoundD.Magellan’sVoyage第14頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第十四頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。

①

Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.第15頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第十五頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。

②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.TheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyage第16頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第十六頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。

③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Magellan’svoyageprovedtheearthisround.第17頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第十七頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。

①M(fèi)agellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.

②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoedHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.

③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Paragraph1:Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.Paragraph2:TheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyageParagraph3:Magellan’svoyagedprovedtheearthisround.Magellan’svoyage第18頁(yè)/共21頁(yè)第十八頁(yè)，共22頁(yè)。6Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,Magellangottot