（京津魯瓊專用）2023版高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)40分鐘閱讀提速練4閱讀提速練（四）（含解析）

〔京津魯瓊專用〕2022版高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)40分鐘閱讀提速練4閱讀提速練〔四〕〔含解析〕PAGE31-閱讀提速練(四)(建議用時(shí)：40分鐘)閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，總分值40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每題2分，總分值30分)閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)。A(2022·深圳高三第一次調(diào)研)FrancesStevensReeseWoodlandTrailGuideTheWoodlandTrailwasopenedtothepubliconOctober21,1997.Boscobel’sBoardofDirectorsadoptedaformaldecisionofnamingtheWoodlandTrailinhonoroftheformerBoscobelBoardmember,FrancesStevensReese(1917－2022),oneyearafterherdeath.Thetrailisapproximately10milesinlength,leadingdowntoConstitutionForest.WhentheWestPointGlassFactorywasoperatingduringtheCivilWar,treesformilesaroundwereclearedtoprovidefirewood.Walkingoutoftheforest,youwillfindalargemassofnativehardrockaboutthreebillionyearsold.Throughoutthiscountrypath,youwillfindpictureboardsidentifyingbirdsandplantslocaltothisregion.Youwillalsofindsignswithhistoricalandenvironmentalinformationwrittenbyareaspecialists.Whenyoutakeawalkthroughthis“undiscovered〞forestland,pleasebeaconsiderateguest.●Beforewalkingalongthetrail,pleasepurchaseapassintheCarriageHouse.Planahead,soyouwillbebackbyclosingtime.●Followthetrailmarkersandremainonthetrail.Besidesprotectingthefragileforestecosystem,youwillreducetheriskofgettinghurtbypoisonousplantsandsnakes.●Leaverocks,plants,animalsandartworkswhereyouseethemsothatthepersonbehindyoucanhavethesameexperience.●Carryoutwhateveryoucarryinbecausetherearenorubbishcontainersonthetrail.Ifyouhappentoseeapieceoflitter,beagoodguestandpickitup.1．WhenwasthetrailnamedtohonorFrancesStevensReese?A．In1997. B．In1917.C．In2022. D．In2022.2．Whatcanyouseealongthetrail?A．Anoldbattlefield. B．Aglassfactory.C．Informationsigns. D．Rockhouses.3．Whatshouldyoudoasathoughtfulvisitor?A．Leavethewildlifeundisturbed.B．Throwtherubbishintothedustbins.C．MakereservationsintheCarriageHouse.D．ProtectthemarkersoftheWoodlandTrail.B(2022·江西臨川一中等六校聯(lián)考)WhenHuangLizhitookherfirstclassinAfricansociologyattheUniversityoftheWitwatersrandinSouthAfricainFebruary,herprofessoraskedherandherclassmateswhatimpressedthemmostwhenitcametoAfrica.Unexpectedly,Huang,31,foundthatwordslike“poverty〞and“safari〞—negativewordsthatwereoftenassociatedwiththecontinentinmediareports—werethekindoftermsherAfricanclassmatesdidn’twanttohear.Instead,theypreferredtohearthequestionansweredinthisway：“Africaisthecradleofhumankind〞and“Africansarepassionateandgenerous〞．Apparently,therearesomemisunderstandingsbetweenus.It’struethatwithincidentsliketheEbolaoutbreakinWestAfricaandtheemergence(出現(xiàn))ofpiratesoffthecoastofSomaliahittingthenews,it’seasyforustokeepforgettingthatAfricahasoneoftheworld’soldestcivilizations—Egypt,bornbytheworld’slongestriver,theNile.TheproofisintheGreatPyramidofGizaandtheGreatSphinxofGiza,whicharebothpopularamongtourists.AndthetombsofancientEgypthavealsobecomeendlesssourcesfortheliteratureandfilmindustries.WhenitcomestothenaturalenvironmentofAfrica,ourmisunderstandingsareonlybigger.Butthetruthisthatinsteadofbeingextremelyhotallyearroundandcoveredbydesert,thecontinenthaslargeareasofsavannas(稀樹草原)wherelions,giraffesandzebraslive,thesnow-cappedKilimanjaro—thehighestmountaininAfrica—andeventhickforestontheislandofMadagascar.Thesemisunderstandingsareoneofthereasonswhythe2022BeijingSummitoftheForumonChina-AfricaCooperationwasheldonSept.3and4—tounderstandeachotherbetter.Indeed,onlybyvisitingAfricaherselfdidHuangseetheconvenientlivingconditions,theamazingnaturalbeautyandthefriendlypeople.Inhereyes,herclassmateswereashopefulaboutthefutureoftheirowncountriesastheywereaboutAfricaasawhole,andtheywerequicktodemonstrateboththeirstrongwillandactivity.“Atthatmoment,Iknewexactlywhattheywanted—theywantedtheirculturetoberespected.〞4．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlined“cradle〞inparagraph2?A．Asmallbedforbabies.B．Abaskettoholdsomething.C．Aplaceforpeopletorelaxthemselves.D．Aplacewheresomethingimportantbegan.5．WhatcanweinferaboutAfricaaccordingtothepassage?A．Itisveryhotallyearround.B．It’snotasafecontinenttoliveon.C．It’sdifferentfromwhatweimagine.D．Itisboundtohaveabrightfuture.6．WhichofthefollowingwouldHuangagreewith?A．Toseeistobelieve.B．Thinktwicebeforeyoudo.C．Amissisasgoodasamile.D．Don’tjudgeapersonbyhisappearance.7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ValuingaCultureB．UnderstandingAfricaC．PayingaVisittoAfricaD．DiscoveringaContinentC(2022·合肥第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Haveyoueverheardofagritourismwhereyoucanexperiencethefarmlife?Ifnot,Dr.CindyAyers-ElliottwilltellyoutherealstoryofFoodPrintFarms.TheoriginalconceptofbuildingFoodPrintFarmswassimple.WhenAyers-Elliottreturnedtoherhometownaftergraduation,shedidn’thavetolookanyfurtherthanherstate’salarminghealthstatisticstofindamission.Everywheresheturned,therewerereportsofhighbloodpressure,diabetes,obesityandheartdisease.“Theproblemwasalreadyidentified，〞explainsAyers-Elliott.“ToomanyMississippianswereseriouslyunhealthyanditdidn’ttakeresearchtoseethat.Andmanyofthestate’sgreatesthealthchallengescoulddirectlyresultfrompoordiet.〞Thesedays,FoodPrintFarms,whichstartedwithafewraisedbedsofherbsandvegetables,ismakingfresh,naturallygrownfood.“Whenspeakingofthekeytomysuccess,theco-opmodelworksbecausewesharetheworkandrewards，〞notesAyers-Elliott.“AperfectexampleistheWingfieldHighSchoolfootballteam.Toearnthemoneyforequipmentandotheritems,playerscommittedtoworkingfivehoursaweekonthefarm,andbytheendofthesummertheyproduced1，000melonsandtheprofitsfromtheirsaleshelpedtobuyweights,T-shirts,sweatsuitsandpregamemeals.Butthelessonstheylearnedabouttherewardsofhardworkandworkingtogethertoaccomplishsomethingwereevenmorevaluableproductsoftheirefforts.〞“It’samodelthatcaneasilybelearnedinotherplacesandI’mlookingforwardtoseeingsomeofourcurrentpartnersdojustthat—totakewhattheyhavelearnedhereandspinitoffinothercommunities，〞Ayers-Elliottremarks.Sheisnowlookingforwardtodevelopinganagritourismareatothefarm,wherevisitorscanexperiencethefarmlife,learnnewskillsandtakewiththemseedsofinspirationtheycansowintheirowncommunitieswhentheyreturnhome.8．WhatmadeAyers-ElliottsetupFoodPrintFarms?A．Theproblemsfacedbylocalfarmers.B．Herfurtherresearchintoheartdisease.C．Thefailureofhercareeraftergraduation.D．Thehealthstateofpeopleinherhometown.9．Whydoestheauthortakethefootballteamasanexample?A．Toadvocatetheconceptofindependence.B．Tostresstheimportanceofteamwork.C．Tosupporttheideaofco-opmodel.D．Toexplorethekeytosuccess.10．WhatisAyers-Elliott’sattitudetowardsthefutureofFoodPrintFarms?A．Optimistic.B．Skeptical.C．Cautious.D．Ambiguous.11．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Naturallygrownfoodbenefitspeople’shealth.B．FoodPrintFarmsismakingadifferenceinMississippi.C．Ayers-Elliottencouragespeopletoexperiencethefarmlife.D．AgritourismisbecomingincreasinglypopularinAmerica.D(2022·武漢高三調(diào)研)Anxietyisanaturalresponsethatchangedgraduallyovermillionsofyearstomakeusmorecarefulandourbodiespreparedtofleedanger.Butfeelinganxiousbecauseyouhearanoiseonadarkstreetisn’tthesamethingashavingananxietydisorder.“Thekeythingwelookforinthecliniciswhetheranxietyisinterfering(阻礙)withaperson’sday-to-daylife,orcausingthemalotofunhappiness，〞saysNickGreyofKing’sCollegeLondon.ToclinicalpsychologistslikeGrey,“maladaptive(不適應(yīng)的)beliefs〞aretypicalinanxietydisordersandareoftenusedtodeterminethetypeofanxietysomeonehas.Insocialanxietydisorder,themostcommonanxietydisorder,youmightbelievethatyourfaceturningredwillresultinpeoplelaughingatyou.Peoplewiththistypeofdisorderexperienceconstantandgreatfearbefore,duringandaftersocialevents.Ifyouhavepanicdisorder,youmightassumethatyouarehavingaheartattackifyourheartstartstorace.Thephysicalsymptomsofanxiety—apoundingheart,breathingdifficulty,feelingdizzy—willthencomeoninarush.Everyonecanexperiencesuchpanicattacksfromtimetotime,butinpanicdisordertheattacksareregularandbecomeasourceofanxietythemselves.Other“maladaptivebeliefs〞arelessspecific.Generalizedanxietydisorderischaracterizedbycontinuousworriesaboutarangeofdifferenteventsoractivities,foratleastsixmonths.Ifyouhavethiscondition,thebeliefdrivingyouranxietycould,forexample,bethefeelingthatit’syourjobtotakecareofotherpeople,orthatyouhaveresponsibilitiesthatyoumustmeetatallcosts.Todecidewhotoreferforfurthertreatment,doctorsmightuseatoolcalledtheGAD-7test.12．Whichofthefollowingbelongstoananxietydisorder?A．Quarrelingwithparents.B．Gettingtoschoolearlier.C．Missingalunch.D．Knockingonthewall.13．Whatissocialanxietycharacterizedby?A．Continuousworries.B．Pastexperiences.C．Maladaptivebeliefs.D．Frequentterrors.14．Whatwillhappentoyouwhenyouhavepanicdisorder?A．Youcan’tstandsteadily.B．Yourfaceturnsred.C．Youcan’ttouchanything.D．Yourhandsfeelnumb.15．Whatanxietydisorderoccursmoreoftenthanothers?A．Generalizedanxiety.B．Panicattacks.C．Socialanxiety.D．Acuteanxietyattacks.第二節(jié)(共5小題；每題2分，總分值10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(2022·江西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)盟校高三第一次聯(lián)考)Youareenjoyinganicedreamuntilyouralarmsuddenlyrings.16.________.Isyourclockoutofcontrol?No,it’sjustwinter,makingthesunriselater,soitwillbetwiceashardtocrawloutofbedintothecolddarkness.Asthedaysgetshorter,ourmorningslosethatcruciallighttowakeusup,sowakingupgetsharder.Thatmeansyou’llneedtoputinextraefforttogettoworkontime.17.________．18．________.Summerorwinter,youshouldaimtogotobedataboutthesametimeeveryeveningandwakeupataboutthesametimeeverymorning.Trytogiveyourselftimeforeighthourspernight.Avoidstronglightnearbedtime.Soifyoulikereadingbeforeyoucloseyoureyes,tryanactualbookoranE-inkscreenlikeaKindle,whichdoesn’temittheharshlightthatphonesandtabletsdo.Buyawake-uplight.Ifyoustillhavetroublewithdarkmornings,itmightbetimetointroducemorelightintoyourroom.19.________．Giveyourselfsomethingtolookforwardto.20.________.Sure,youmighthavetogetupforwork,butyou’llwanttobeawakeifyouareexpectingadeliciousbreakfast,oraworkoutthatisactuallyfun.A．Butyoujustdon’twanttogetoutofyourwarmbedB．SticktoaregularscheduleC．PhilipsmakessomepopularlampsthatproducenaturallightduringgraywinterdaysD．WakingupiseasierwhenyouhaveagoodreasontobeconsciousE．ToomuchlightcandoharmtoyoureyesF．WehaveafewtipsthatmighthelpG．Butwhenyoulookoutofthewindow,it’sstillblackoutside閱讀提速練(四)閱讀理解第一節(jié)【解題導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了關(guān)于弗朗西絲·史蒂文斯·里斯林地步道的一些情況及游客在參觀時(shí)的考前須知。1．D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Boscobel’sBoardofDirectorsadoptedaformaldecisionofnamingtheWoodlandTrailinhonoroftheformerBoscobelBoardmember,FrancesStevensReese(1917－2022),oneyearafterherdeath.〞可知，弗朗西絲·史蒂文斯·里斯于2022年去世，在她去世一年后，博斯科貝爾董事會(huì)正式通過了一項(xiàng)決議，即為了紀(jì)念弗朗西絲·史蒂文斯·里斯，以她的名字命名了這條林地步道，由此可知，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。2．C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，在這條步道上，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些標(biāo)識(shí)本地鳥類和植物的圖板，以及由當(dāng)?shù)貙＜易珜懙挠嘘P(guān)歷史和環(huán)境信息的標(biāo)志，故C項(xiàng)正確。3．A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“athoughtfulvisitor〞可定位到文章第四段及該段之后的四條建議。根據(jù)這幾條建議及各選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容可知，A項(xiàng)“使野生生物不受打攪〞正確，對(duì)應(yīng)文中第三條建議中的內(nèi)容?！窘忸}導(dǎo)語】本文講述了一堂非洲社會(huì)學(xué)課引出了一局部人對(duì)非洲的誤解，而主人公經(jīng)過實(shí)地考察后消除了之前對(duì)非洲地理文化的誤解。4．D解析：詞義猜想題。根據(jù)下段提到的非洲擁有人類最古老的文明之一——埃及文明以及常識(shí)可知，此處表示非洲是人類的搖籃。cradle意為“搖籃〞，且結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處cradle引申為“重要事物的發(fā)源地〞。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。5．C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“WhenitcomestothenaturalenvironmentofAfrica,ourmisunderstandingsareonlybigger.Butthetruthisthat...〞可知，當(dāng)提及非洲時(shí)，我們對(duì)它的誤解很大。而第四段中也列舉了非洲與我們想象中的不同之處。由此可知，我們對(duì)非洲有誤解，真實(shí)的情況和我們想象中的有所不同。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。6．A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容尤其是本段第一句可知，本文的主人公親自游覽非洲后，才對(duì)非洲有了真正的了解，由此可知，她會(huì)同意“眼見為實(shí)〞這一觀點(diǎn)。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。7．B解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。綜觀全文可知，本文主人公之前對(duì)非洲有很多誤解，但親自游覽非洲后，才對(duì)非洲有了正確且深入的了解，消除了之前對(duì)非洲的誤解。故B項(xiàng)適合作本文的標(biāo)題?！窘忸}導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)旅游基地FoodPrintFarms建立的原因及其開展情況。8．D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段提到Ayers-Elliott畢業(yè)后回到家鄉(xiāng)，看到到處有高血壓、糖尿病、肥胖癥和心臟病的報(bào)道，而且很多人身體嚴(yán)重不健康，卻沒有人對(duì)此進(jìn)行研究，并且這里人們的很多健康挑戰(zhàn)都由不良飲食引起，因此她決定建立FoodPrintFarms。9．C解析：推理判斷題。文章第三段第二句Ayers-Elliott談到了其成功的關(guān)鍵在于合作社模式，他們共同工作，共享回報(bào)；緊接著舉WingfieldHighSchoolfootballteam的例子正是為了支持這一觀點(diǎn)，應(yīng)選C。10．A解析：推理判斷題。文章最后一段中的“I’mlookingforwardto...andspinitoffinothercommunities〞和“Sheisnowlookingforwardto...theycansowintheirowncommunitieswhentheyreturnhome.〞可知，Ayers-Elliott對(duì)FoodPrintFarms的開展充滿期待。由此可推知，她對(duì)FoodPrintFarms的未來持樂觀的態(tài)度。11．B解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了FoodPrintFarms的情況——生產(chǎn)新鮮、自然生長的食物，采用合作社模式，這對(duì)改善Ayers-Elliott家鄉(xiāng)當(dāng)?shù)厝说娘嬍秤泻艽笞饔?，?yīng)選B?！鹃L難句分析】Sheisnowlookingforwardtodevelopinganagritourismareatothefarm,wherevisitorscanexperiencethefarmlife,learnnewskillsandtakewiththemseedsofinspirationtheycansowintheirowncommunitieswhentheyreturnhome.分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，and在此定語從句中連接三個(gè)并列的謂語；“theycansowintheirowncommunitieswhentheyreturnhome〞是省略了that的定語從句，其中when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。譯文：她現(xiàn)在正期待著為農(nóng)場(chǎng)開發(fā)一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)旅游區(qū)域，在那里游客可以體驗(yàn)農(nóng)場(chǎng)生活，學(xué)習(xí)新技能，并帶走他們回家后可以在自己社區(qū)播種的靈感種子?！窘忸}導(dǎo)語】文章主要介紹了幾種不同類型的焦慮癥及其病癥。12．A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“‘Thekeythingwelookforinthecliniciswhetheranxietyisinterfering(阻礙)withaperson’sday-to-daylife,orcausingthemalotofunhappiness，’saysNickGreyofKing’sCollegeLondon.〞可知，臨床上判斷焦慮的情緒是否屬于焦慮癥的關(guān)鍵是確定這種焦慮的情緒是否正在影響一個(gè)人的日常生活，或是使他們感到不開心。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，A項(xiàng)(和父母吵架)影響人的日常生活，會(huì)使人感到不開心，屬于焦慮癥，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。13．D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的“socialanxiety〞可定位至第二段，再根據(jù)第二段中的“Peoplewiththistypeofdisorderexperienceconstantandgreatfearbefore,duringandaftersocialevents.〞可知，社交焦慮癥表現(xiàn)為在社交活動(dòng)前、社交活動(dòng)期間以及之后都出現(xiàn)持續(xù)且強(qiáng)烈的恐懼，由此可知，社交焦慮癥的特征是持續(xù)不斷的恐懼。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。14．A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題