高中英語(yǔ)人教版Unit4Globalwarming 省賽獲獎(jiǎng)

選修6Unit4GlobalWarmingI.單元基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)1.核心單詞(1)_________n．趨勢(shì)；傾向；走向(2)_________n．種類；范圍(3)_________adj．平均的(4)_________vi．看一下；掃視；瀏覽n．一瞥(5)_________adj．隨便的；漫不經(jīng)心的；偶然的(6)_________n．現(xiàn)象(7)_________adj．分布廣的；普遍的(8)circumstancen．(9)quantityn．(10)refreshvt．(11)statementn．(12)existencen．(13)environmentaladj．(14)subscribevi．(15)measurementn．2.高頻短語(yǔ)(1)resultin__________(2)onbehalfof________(3)comeabout_________(4)solongas_________(5)goup__________(6)___________大體上；基本上(7)___________反對(duì)……(8)___________即使(9)___________繼續(xù)(10)__________忍受；容忍3.重點(diǎn)句型(1)____________theearthisbecomingwarmer(seeGraph1)andthatitishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，地球正變得更加暖和(見(jiàn)圖表1)，而且全球轉(zhuǎn)暖是人為的，而不是隨意的自然現(xiàn)象。(2)________westartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases，theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.即使我們開始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的含量，在(未來(lái))幾十年或幾個(gè)世紀(jì)內(nèi)，氣候仍會(huì)持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)暖。(3)ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceon__________youareusingit—ifnot，turnitoff!只要你在使用電器設(shè)備，你便可以把它開著。如果不用就把它關(guān)掉！(4)___________________________fromnewmaterials，so，ifyoucan，buythingsmadefromrecycledmaterials.將新材料做成物品需要許多能量，因而，如果有可能請(qǐng)購(gòu)買用回收材料制成的物品。(5)________________________,theearth_______aboutthirtythreedegreesCelsiuscoolerthanitis.如果沒(méi)有溫室效應(yīng)，地球會(huì)比現(xiàn)在冷大約33攝氏度。II.考點(diǎn)精析及演練1.quantityn.數(shù)量；量[同義表達(dá)]quantity,amount,number[短語(yǔ)集錦]inquantity大量(large)quantitiesof＋名詞＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞許多……a(large)quantityof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞/＋不可數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞大量……*anamountof數(shù)量,總量a(great,large)amountof大量amountsof許多Amount相關(guān)表達(dá)修飾名詞用作主語(yǔ)，其謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)取決于amount的數(shù)。[用法檢測(cè)]①Alargequantityofbeer________(sell)yesterday.②Largequantitiesoffood________(waste)becauseofthewayitlooks.③Therearelarge________(大量的)raininthisarea.2.opposevt.反對(duì)；反抗；與(某人)較量[短語(yǔ)集錦]opposeAagainst/toB使A與B相對(duì)抗opposedoingsth.反對(duì)做某事beopposedto反對(duì)asopposedto與……相對(duì)照；而非[用法檢測(cè)](1)填空①Hisdaughterisveryathleticas______(oppose)tohisson.②She____verymuch______(oppose)toyourmarryingher.③Heopposed______(build)anewhall.(2)Thegovernmentpostponedthenewproposalbecausealotofpeoplewereopposedtoit.__________________________________________________(用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)改寫)3.statevt.陳述；說(shuō)明；n.狀態(tài)；情況statementn.狀態(tài)，情況[常見(jiàn)用法]ina...state/inastateof...處于……狀態(tài)makeastatement陳述；發(fā)表聲明Itisstatedthat...據(jù)稱……as(is)statedabove如上所述（寫作常用語(yǔ)）注：要注意幾個(gè)形近詞的準(zhǔn)確含義，不能混淆：state陳述，說(shuō)明，狀態(tài)；status地位，重要身份；statue雕像，塑像；salute致敬，敬禮[用法檢測(cè)]Thewitnessstatedthathehadnotseenthewomanbefore._________________________________________________(用statement改寫句子)ItisstatedthatPhilipwasanhonestman.____________________________________(用as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句改寫)4.advocatevt.擁護(hù)；提倡；主張；n.支持者；擁護(hù)者；提倡者[常見(jiàn)用法]Itisadvocatedthat...主張，提倡……advocatedoing...主張做……anadvocateof/for支持……的人注：advocate后不跟不定式，跟從句時(shí)，從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(should)do。[用法檢測(cè)]Theyadvocatereducingmilitaryspending.__________________________________________________(用it作形式主語(yǔ)改寫)ThetaxpolicywasadvocatedbytheOppositionandwaswelcomedbythelocalpeople.__________________________________________________________(用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)改寫)5.circumstancen.環(huán)境，情形；（~s）情況，境遇，（尤指）經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況[短語(yǔ)集錦]in/undernocircumstances決不(置于句首時(shí)倒裝)in/underthecircumstances在這種情況下；既然這樣in/underanycircumstances在任何情況下ifcircumstancesallow/permit如果情況允許注：抽象地點(diǎn)名詞，如：point，stage，case，situation，condition，position，activity，race，competition，system，job，scene，life，occasion，environment，circumstance等作先行詞時(shí)，用where引導(dǎo)。[用法檢測(cè)](1)語(yǔ)法填空①Hewrotealetter______heexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.②Ihavereachedapointinmylife______Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.(2)完成句子①Undernocircumstances________________(你必須離開房子)．②Youmustnotmentionyourcolleagues________________(在任何情況下)．6.comeabout發(fā)生；造成[常見(jiàn)用法]Itcomesaboutthat...……發(fā)生Howdoesitcomeaboutthat...？……是怎樣發(fā)生的？comeacross偶遇；被理解comeupwith想出(主意)；找到(答案)whenitcomestosth./doingsth....當(dāng)談到……注：comeabout相當(dāng)于happen或occur，均無(wú)被動(dòng)形式。[用法檢測(cè)]—Whatoneartharethepolicebusywith?—Theyhavebeenlookingintohowtheplanecrashcame______.(2)Whenitcomesto______(speak)inpublic，noonecanmatchhim.(3)Themeaningofthiswordwillcome______toyousoonerorlater.7.subscribeto同意；贊成；訂購(gòu)；捐助[常見(jiàn)用法]subscribeforsth.認(rèn)購(gòu)……subscribern.(雜志等)訂購(gòu)者，訂閱者；(手機(jī)、電話等)用戶；捐助者，資助者[用法檢測(cè)](1)He___________________himself(不贊同這樣的觀點(diǎn))．(2)He___________________(捐獻(xiàn)10000元)thecharityeveryyear.(3)翻譯：您撥打的用戶已關(guān)機(jī)。___________________________________________8.onbehalfof(=onsomeone'sbehalf)代表……一方；作為……的代言人behalf利益（interest,benefit,profit）[同義表達(dá)]onbehalfof，standfor，represent[用法檢測(cè)]Don’tmakeaconclusionsoquickly.You’dbetterhearme____.Iamnotspeakingformyself，but____behalfofallmycolleagues.別這么快下定論，最好聽(tīng)我說(shuō)完。我不是為自己，是代表所有同事跟你說(shuō)的。Herenderedmanyvaluableservices________justiceandfreedom．他為正義和自由做了許多有意義的事情。III.語(yǔ)法:強(qiáng)調(diào)句[品句歸納]看看以下句子與原句“Myfatherdidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdayevening.(我父親昨晚在實(shí)驗(yàn)室做了試驗(yàn)。)”的異同性。①Itwasmyfatherthat/whodidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdayevening.是我父親昨晚在實(shí)驗(yàn)室做試驗(yàn)。

②Itwastheexperimentthatmyfatherdidinthelabyesterdayevening.我父親昨晚在實(shí)驗(yàn)室做的是試驗(yàn)。

③Itwasyesterdayeveningthatmyfatherdidtheexperimentinthelab.是昨天晚上我父親在實(shí)驗(yàn)室做試驗(yàn)。

④Itwasinthelabthatmyfatherdidtheexperimentyesterdayevening.我父親昨晚是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室做試驗(yàn)。

通過(guò)觀察以上句子,我們發(fā)現(xiàn):在Itwas和that/who之間插入了單詞或短語(yǔ),它們分別是原句的四個(gè)成分(主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)),且這四個(gè)句子都是(1)________結(jié)構(gòu),我們把它們叫作it的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。此結(jié)構(gòu)可以強(qiáng)調(diào)除(2)_________以外的所有句子成分。強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的連接詞只用that(指人或物)或who（僅指人），且都不可省略。[具體用法]（一）基本用法1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句的陳述句式“Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+剩余部分”ItwasLangLangwhoheldacharityconcertinTaipeilastWednesday.強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問(wèn)式“Is/wasit+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+剩余部分”WasitLiPingwho/thathemetyesterday?他昨天遇到的是李萍嗎？強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)式“被強(qiáng)調(diào)的特殊疑問(wèn)詞+is/wasit+that+剩余部分”Howisitthatsheturneddownourhelp?4.not…until的強(qiáng)調(diào)句“Itis/wasnotuntil+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+剩余部分”ItwasnotuntilhecamebackthatIknewtheresult.（二）強(qiáng)調(diào)句應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題強(qiáng)調(diào)句的判斷如果把強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)去掉，句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，那么這個(gè)句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。如果去掉了強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，則句子不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。如：①(Itwas)becausehewasill(that)hecameherelate.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)②(Itwas)1998(that)shewasborn.（錯(cuò);1998前加in構(gòu)成狀語(yǔ)作為被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分）易與強(qiáng)調(diào)句混淆的幾個(gè)句式Itis+時(shí)間+when…，when引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句中的it指時(shí)間，表語(yǔ)由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)。Itwasteno’clockwhenwegothomelastnight.（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）Itwasatteno’clockthatwegothomelastnight.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）itwas/willbe…before…過(guò)……就……Itwasnot/willnotbe…before…不久……就……主句中的it指時(shí)間，表語(yǔ)多是long,notlong,threedays,twoweeks等表示“一段時(shí)間”的詞或短語(yǔ)。ItwasthreedaysbeforehewenttoBeijing.ItwasthreedaysagothathewenttoBeijing.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)[用法檢測(cè)](1)Itwas_______backhomeaftertheexperiment.

A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgo C.notuntilmidnightthathewent D.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgo(2)It________Ithat________againstyou.

A.am;is B.is;is C.is;am D.was;am(3)Itwas________hedid________frightenedme.

A.what;that B.that;that C.what;what D.that;whatIV.單元話題作文將以下句子連成一篇英語(yǔ)短文。提示：粗體部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá)，請(qǐng)?jiān)谶m當(dāng)時(shí)候用that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)豐富句子。1．不同的科學(xué)家對(duì)全球變暖有不同的看法。2．有些科學(xué)家同意全球變暖是個(gè)災(zāi)難。3．不斷增長(zhǎng)的溫度可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致洪水、干旱和饑荒。4．其他科學(xué)家反對(duì)這種觀點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為這種變暖會(huì)很溫和。5．它不會(huì)在環(huán)境方面導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的后果

參考答案I.單元基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)1.核心單詞(1)trend(2)range(3)average(4)glance(5)casual(6)phenomenon;phenomena(7)widespread(8)環(huán)境；情況(9)量；數(shù)量(10)使恢復(fù)；使振動(dòng)(11)陳述；說(shuō)明(12)生存；存在(13)環(huán)境的(14)同意；捐贈(zèng)(15)衡量；測(cè)量2.高頻短語(yǔ)(1)導(dǎo)致(2)代表……一方(3)發(fā)生；造成(4)只要(5)上升；增長(zhǎng)；升起(6)onthewhole(7)beopposedto(8)evenif(9)keepon(10)putupwith3.重點(diǎn)句型(1)Thereisnodoubtthat(2)Evenif(3)solongas(4)Ittakesalotofenergytomakethings(5)Withoutthe“greenhouseeffect”;wouldbeII.考點(diǎn)精析及演練1.①wassold②arewasted③quantitiesof/amountsof2.(1)①opposed②is;opposed③building(2)Withalotofpeopleopposingthenewproposal，thegovernmentpostponedit.3.(1)Thewitnessmadeastatementthathehadnotseenthewomanbefore.(2)Asisstated,Philipwasanhonestman.4.(1)Itisadvocatedthatthey(should)reducemilitaryspending.(2)Thet