人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修四Unit1Women of achievement

Unit1WomenofachievementWords1.behave

vt.&vi.舉動(dòng)；舉止；行為表現(xiàn)(n)behaviour(behavior)behavewell/badly

towardssb.對(duì)某人態(tài)度好/惡劣Hebehavesbadlytowardsme.behaveoneself(某人)規(guī)矩點(diǎn)；老實(shí)點(diǎn)Behaveyourself!Dobehave！規(guī)矩點(diǎn)！2.moveoff1)．depart（開始）離開Thetroopsmovedoffatdawn．部隊(duì)在黎明時(shí)出發(fā)了。Thetrainmovedoff．火車開動(dòng)了。2)．besoldrapidly暢銷Thefirsteditionmovedoffwithinaweek．第1版不到一星期就銷完了。3)．die死Whetherfromthefallorthefright，theMajormovedoffinamonth．也不知道由于跌倒還是由于驚嚇，少校不到一個(gè)月就死了。3.observe

vt.觀察；觀測(cè)；遵守；慶祝observesth.觀察某物Shelikestoobservestars.observesb.dosth.觀察某人做某事(全過程)

Heobservedhercomeacrossthestreet.observesb.doingsth.觀察某人正在做某事Weobservedthestudentsenteringthehall.observethat...觀察……；注意到…HeobservedthatithadturnedcloudyW emustobservetrafficrules.DoyouobserveChristmasDayinyourcountry?4.respectvt./n.尊重，尊敬

尊敬；敬重respectforsb./sth.尊重某人/某事Studentsshouldshowrespectfortheirteachers.gain/earn/winone'srespect贏得某人的尊重Hegainedourrespect.(2)inrespectof=withrespectto就...而言；關(guān)于Heiswronginrespectofnewnovels.他關(guān)于新小說的觀點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤的。Hewriteswithrespecttohispersonalexperiences.他寫有關(guān)他個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)的事。insomerespects在某些方面Theydisagreewitheachotherinsomerespects他們?cè)谀承┓矫嬗胁煌庖姟?.arguevi.&vt.爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)辯，說服，用辯論證明(1)arguefor...為…而爭(zhēng)論；為…而辯護(hù)Theyarearguingforme.argueagainst爭(zhēng)辯(反對(duì)……)Theyarearguingagainstthesolution.arguewith與……爭(zhēng)辯Helikestoarguewithme.arguewithsb.on/about/oversth.與某人爭(zhēng)辯某事Hewantedtoarguewithmeon/about/o/outofdoingsth.說服某人做/不做某事Hearguedmeinto/outoftakingthetrip.(2)argument

n．爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)辯，論點(diǎn)haveanargumentwithsb與某人爭(zhēng)論6.supportv．支持，養(yǎng)家n．支持，支柱supportatheorythatisnotsupportedbythefacts缺乏事實(shí)依據(jù)的理論7.lookdownon/upon蔑視，輕視，瞧不起Don'tlookdownupon/onpoorpeople.lookforwardto盼望，期待I'mlookingforwardtogoingtoschool.lookinto調(diào)查lookup抬頭看；查閱lookon旁觀lookon/upon...as...把……看作……lookout注意，留意，留神looksb.upanddown上下打量某人lookthrough瀏覽；看穿；審查8.referto提到，說到，參考，參閱(1)refer...to...把……提交給……(以求獲得幫助)Tomisgoingtoreferthemattertothemeeting.湯姆打算把這件事提交到會(huì)議上去處理。referto查閱,提到,適用于Ifyouwanttoknowhistelephonenumber,youmayrefertothetelephonedirectory.Pleasedon'trefertohispastagain.ThesebooksrefertoAsianproblems.(2)referto.......as把.......成為（當(dāng)作）WereferredtohimasalivingLeiFeng.HeisreferredtoasalivingLeiFeng.他被稱作是一個(gè)活雷鋒。referencen．談及，提及，參考，查閱in/withreferenceto＝inconnectionwith關(guān)于withoutreferenceto與……無(wú)關(guān)，不管9.intendvt.計(jì)劃，打算intenddoing/todo打算做......WeintendtogotoAustralianextyear.WeintendgoingtoAendsbtodosth想讓某人做某事Ididn'endsthforsb為某人準(zhǔn)備某物Weintendedthispresentforyou.sthbeintendedforsth為......而準(zhǔn)備Thechairwasintendedforyou，butshetookitaway.

sthbeintendedtodosth目的是，旨在.Tendsthas打算把.......用作.....Weintendthisroomasalivingroom.sthbeintendedas目的是用作.......Theroomwasintendedasalivingroom.

intendedtohavedone=hadintendedtodo本打算做（而實(shí)際上卻沒有）=shouldhavedoneYouintendedtohavefinishedthework.=Youhadintendedtofinishthework.=Youshouldhavefinishedthework.WarmingUp

Pre-reading

Reading

HomeworkWarmingUpAChinesesayinggoes:Womencanholduphalfofthesky.GuessingGame

Iwilldescribesomepeopletoyou,pleaseguesswhotheyareaccordingtomydescription.Shewastheonlyfemalemonarch(君主)ofChina,andremainsthemostremarkable(非凡的),influential(有影響的)andmysterious(神秘的)womaninChinesehistory.Empress(女皇)WuZetian(624-705)

inTangDynastyShewasDrSunYat-sen’swife.ShewasoneofthetopleadersinmodernChinesehistory.Sheconcernedherselfwith

welfareprojects,leadingChinaWelfareInstituteespeciallyforwomenandchildren.SoongChingling(1893-1981),ChinaAdoctorwhobecameaspecialistinwomen’sillnesses.ShedevotedallherlifttomedicalworkforChinesewomenandchildren.Herworkencouragedmanyotherwomentobecomedoctors.LinQiaozhi(1901-1983),China

ShewasaninventorandascientistfromPoland.

ShewenttoParisandstudiedphysicsandchemistrythere.

SheistheonlywomanscientistwhowasawardedtwoNobelPrizes.

MarieCurie

(1867-1934)

OnJuly4,1934,shediedinParis,killedbyherownexperiments.Shediedofradiationpoisoning(放射物中毒).AgirlfromthecountrysidewhodressedasamanandwenttofightfortheFrenchandtodrivetheEnglishoutofFrance.ShewascaughtandputtodeathbytheEnglish.JoanofArc(1412-1432),FranceShewenttoAfricaandstudiedchimps.Asayounggirl,shealwayswantedtostudyanimals.ShewenttoAfricaandstudiedchimps.Herresearchshowedtheconnectionsbetweenchimpsandhumanbeings.Sheworkstoprotectchimpseverywhere.JaneGoodall(1934-),Britain

JaneGoodallwenttoTanzania(坦桑尼亞)andstudiedchimpsfrom1960s.ShewentwiththreeAfricanhelperstoliveintheGombeNationalParkinEastAfrica.Herlifewasspentfollowingandrecordingthesociallifeandrelationshipsofthechimps.Becauseofherresearch,wenowknowthatchimpanzeeshuntformeat,usetools,andhavedifferentpersonalities.In1965,sheearnedherPhD(博士學(xué)位)inethology(動(dòng)物行為學(xué))fromCambridgeUniversity.JaneGoodallPre-readingEnjoyashortvideoaboutJaneandthechimpsandthenanswerthefollowingtwoquestions:WhydoyouthinkJaneGoodallwenttoAfricatostudychimpsratherthantoauniversity?Doyouthinkherworkisimportant?Why?ReadingAprotectorofAfricanwildlifeItis5:45amandthesunisjustrisingoverGombeNationalParkinEastAfrica.Ourgroupareallgoingtovisitthechimpsintheforest.Janehasstudiedtheseanimalsformanyyearshelpedpeopleunderstandhowmuchthey

behavelikehumans.Watchingafamilyofchimpswakeupisourfirstactivityoftheday.Thismeansgoingbacktoaplacewhereweleftthechimpfamilysleepinginatreethenightbefore.Everybodysitsandwaitswhiletheanimalsinthegroupbegintowakeupandmove.Thenwefollowasthefamilybeginstowanderoffintotheforest.Mostofthetime,chimpseitherfeedorcleaneachotherasawayofshowingloveintheirfamily.Janewarnsusthateverybodywillbeverytiredanddirtyandtiredbytheafternoonandsheisright.Buttheeveningmakesitworthwhile.Themotherchimpandherbabychimpsplayinthetreeand,aftertheycomeintoherarms,weseethemgotosleeptogetherintheirnestforthenight.Nobodybeforehasfullyunderstoodchimpbehavior.Janespentmanyyearsobservingandrecordingtheirdaily

activities.Shedidnotstudyatuniversitybutshewasdeterminedtoworkwithanimalsintheirownenvironment.WhenshearrivedatGombein1960,itwasunusualforawomantoliveintheforest.Onlyafterhermothercametohelpherforthefirstfewmonthswassheallowedtobeginherproject.Herworkchangedthewaypeoplethinkaboutchimps.For

examples,onethingshediscoveredwasthatchimpshuntandeatmeat.Untiltheneveryonehad

thoughtchimpsateonlyfruitsandnuts.She

actuallyobservedhowchimpscommunicatedwitheachotherandherstudyoftheirbodylanguagehelpedherworkouttheir

socialsystem.ForfortyyearsJaneGoodallhasbeenhelpingtherestoftheworldunderstandandrespectthelifeoftheseanimals.Shehasarguedforthemtobeleftinthewildandnotusedforentertainmentoradvertisements.Shehasbeensetupspecialplaceswheretheycanlivesafely.Herlifeisverybusybutasshesays:“OnceIstop,itallcomescrowdinginandIrememberthechimpsinlaboratories.It’sterrible.ItaffectsmewhenIwatchthewildchimps.Isaytomyself,“Arent’they

lucky?”Andthenthinkaboutsmallchampsinthecagesthoughtheyhavedone

nothingwrong.Onceyouhaveseenthatyoucanneverforget…”Shehasachievedeverythingshewantedtodo:workingwithanimalsintheirownenvironment,gainingadoctor’sdegreeforherstudies,showingthatwomancanliveintheachievementsofwomen.1streading:Fastreading1.Whoistheprotector?2.Whatanimalsareobserved?JaneGoodallChimps2ndreadingIntensiveReadingThewholedayAfamilyofchimpswakeupWanderoffintotheforestFeedorcleaneachotherThemotherchimpandherbabiesplayinthetreeComeintomotherchimp’sarms,gotosleeptogetherintheirnestThefirstparagraph\ThefirstthingThesecondthingShediscoveredthatchimpshuntandeatmeat.Sheobservedchimpsasagrouphuntingamonkeyandtheneatingit.Shealsodiscoveredhowchimpscommunicatewitheachother.ThesecondparagraphThethirdparagraphTrueorfalse:Shehopesthatchimpscanbeleftintheforest.Shesupposesthatpeopleshouldnotusechimpsforentertainment.Shehasspentmorethanfortyyearshelpingpeopleunderstandherwork.Shehasbuiltmanyhomesforthewildanimalstolivein.(True)(True)(True)(True)TheachievementofJaneWorkingwithanimalsintheirownenvironmentGainingadoctor’sdegreeforherstudiesShowingthatwomencanliveintheforestasmencanThefourthparagraphGettingthemainideaofeachparagraphParagraph1:Itisaboutadayinthepark.Paragraph2:Itisherwayofdoingherresearchandsomeachievement.Paragraph3:Itisherattitudeandfeelingtotheanimals.Paragraph4:Itisashortsummarytoher.Subject-verbAgreement主謂一致WhatisS-Vagreement?用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I____ateacher.(be)2.He_____goodatswimming.(be)3.You____lateforschoolagain.(be)4.They______manynewbooks.(have)5.She_____twosisters.(have)amisarehavehas根據(jù)主語(yǔ)決定與其一致的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)的謂語(yǔ)Ex1OnP5Rule:集體名詞如:group,class,company,government,family,army,enemy,population,team,public,crowd,audience等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體（其中的各個(gè)成員）就用復(fù)數(shù)Theteam

isthebestintheleague．這個(gè)隊(duì)在聯(lián)賽中打得最好。Thefootballteam

arehavingbaths．足球隊(duì)隊(duì)員們?cè)谙丛琛x2onP5Rule:everyone,everybody,everything,anyone,anybody,anything,noone,nobody,nothing,someone,somebody,something,(none除外)等不定代詞及each,theother作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：

Nothingintheboxismine.Rule:None作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)也可以用復(fù)數(shù)；但在代表不可數(shù)的東西時(shí)總是看作單數(shù)，因而謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。Theteacherwithtwostudents_____atthemeeting.(was/were)2.Awomanwithababyinherarms_____waitingforthebusintherain.

A．wasB．wereC．hasD．have3.E-mail,aswellasthetelephones,_____animportantpartindailycommunication.A.isplayingB.haveplayedC.areplayingD.playwasAAExerciseandRules語(yǔ)法一致Rule：?jiǎn)螖?shù)主語(yǔ)即使后面帶有由with,alongwith,togetherwith,like,butexcept,besides,aswellas,morethan,nolessthan,ratherthan,including,inadditionto引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。如：

Mysistertogetherwith/alongwith/with/aswellas/besidesmyparentshasgonetoBeijing.

Thebook,includingtensciencestories,sellswell.ExerciseandRules3.ReadingEnglishpapersandmagazines___helpfultoourstudyofEnglish.(is/are)4.Whetherhecomesornot____ofnomatter.(is/are)5.Tosay___onething;todo___another.(is/are)6.Listening,speaking,readingandwriting____fourskillsforEnglishstudy.(is/are)7.Wheretofindtheplantandwhattodowithit_____stilltheproblemstosettle.(is/are)

isisisisareare語(yǔ)法一致Rule：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)不定式（短語(yǔ)）、動(dòng)名詞（短語(yǔ)）或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；

多個(gè)時(shí)看作復(fù)數(shù)ExerciseandRules8.Manyaboy______madesuchafunnyexperiment.A.haveB.areC.hasD.is9.Everymeans_______beentriedsincethen.A.hasB.wereC.wasD.hasbeen10.Eachactorand(each)actress____invitedtoourschool.(is/are)11.Everyboyand(every)girl_____gotatoytrain.(has/have)12.Noteacherandnostudent_____tohaveclassesonSunday.(agree/agrees)CAishasagrees語(yǔ)法一致Rule:連接的并列主語(yǔ)被each,every、no

修飾或manya+名詞,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Rule:eachof+復(fù)數(shù)代詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)用單數(shù)ExerciseandRules13.Anumberofthestudents____goneforanouting.(is/are)14.Thenumberofthestudents_____increasingyearafteryear.(is/are)areisRule:Anumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表許多的…謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，

Thenumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表…的數(shù)量謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。ExerciseandRules15.70percentofthesurface___coveredwithwater.（is/are)16.70percentofthefarmers____improvedtheirlivingconditions.(have/has)17.Therestofhisjourney_____pleasant.(was/were)18.Therestofthegirls____fondofmusic.(is/are)19.Allofyourwork___welldone.(is/are)20.Allofyouranswers_____correct.(is/are)ishavewasareisare意思一致Rule：all(some,alot,plenty,any,part,therest,most,…percent,分?jǐn)?shù)，half)+of+名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)of后面的名詞決定，如果of后面是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；如果of后面是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，意思一致ExerciseandRulesRule：the+adj./p.p

結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)指人時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用